Unabridged Dictionary - Letter E
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E
E (?).
1. The fifth letter of the English alphabet.
NOTE: It derives its form, name, and value from the Latin, the form
and value being further derived from the Greek, into which it came
from the Ph\'d2nician, and ultimately, probably, from the Egyptian.
Its etymological relations are closest with the vowels i, a, and o,
as illustrated by to fall, to fell; man, pl. men; drink, drank,
drench; dint, dent; doom, deem; goose, pl. geese; beef, OF. boef,
L. bos; and E. cheer, OF. chiere, LL. cara.
NOTE: The le tter e ha s in English several vowel sounds, the two
principal being its long or name sound, as in eve, me, and the
short, as in end, best. Usually at the end of words it is silent,
but serves to indicate that the preceding vowel has its long sound,
where otherwise it would be short, as in m\'bene, as in c\'bene, m,
which without the final e would be pronounced m, c, m. After c and
g, the final e indicates that these letters are to be pronounced as
s and j; respectively, as in lace, rage.
See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 74-97.
2. (Mus.) E is the third tone of the model diatonic scale. Eb (E flat)
is a tone which is intermediate between D and E.
E-
E-. A Latin prefix meaning out, out of, from; also, without. See Ex-.
Each
Each (?), a. OR a. pron. [OE. eche, \'91lc, elk, ilk, AS. \'91lc; \'be
always + gel\'c6c like; akin to OD. ieg, OHG. , MHG. iegel\'c6ch. Aye,
Like, and cf. Either, Every, Ilk.]
1. Every one of the two or more individuals composing a number of
objects, considered separately from the rest. It is used either with
or without a following noun; as, each of you or each one of you. "Each
of the combatants." Fielding.
NOTE: &hand; To ea ch co rresponds ot her. "L et each esteem other
better than himself." Each other, used elliptically for each the
other. It is our duty to assist each other; that is, it is our
duty, each to assist the other, each being in the nominative and
other in the objective case.
It is a bad thing that men should hate each other; but it is far
worse that they should contract the habit of cutting one another's
throats without hatred. Macaulay.
Let each His adamantine coat gird well. Milton.
In each cheek appears a pretty dimple. Shak.
Then draw we nearer day by day, Each to his brethren, all to God.
Keble.
The oak and the elm have each a distinct character. Gilpin.
2. Every; -- sometimes used interchangeably with every. Shak.
I know each lane and every alley green. Milton.
In short each man's happiness depends upon himself. Sterne.
NOTE: &hand; Th is use of each for every, though common in Scotland
and in America, is now un-English.
Fitzed. Hall. Syn. -- See Every.
Eachwhere
Each"where` (?), adv. Everywhere. [Obs.]
The sky eachwhere did show full bright and fair. Spenser.
Eadish
Ead"ish (?), n. See Eddish.
Eager
Ea"ger (?), a. [OE. egre sharp, sour, eager, OF. agre, aigre, F.
aigre, fr. L. acer sharp, sour, spirited, zealous; akin to Gr. a
point; fr. a root signifying to be sharp. Cf. Acrid, Edge.]
1. Sharp; sour; acid. [Obs.] "Like eager droppings into milk." Shak.
2. Sharp; keen; bitter; severe. [Obs.] "A nipping and an eager air."
"Eager words." Shak.
3. Excited by desire in the pursuit of any object; ardent to pursue,
perform, or obtain; keenly desirous; hotly longing; earnest; zealous;
impetuous; vehement; as, the hounds were eager in the chase.
And gazed for tidings in my eager eyes. Shak.
How eagerly ye follow my disgraces! Shak.
When to her eager lips is brought Her infant's thrilling kiss.
Keble.
A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys. Hawthorne.
Conceit and grief an eager combat fight. Shak.
4. Brittle; inflexible; not ductile. [Obs.]
Gold will be sometimes so eager, as artists call it, that it will
as little endure the hammer as glass itself. Locke.
Syn. -- Earnest; ardent; vehement; hot; impetuous; fervent; intense;
impassioned; zealous; forward. See Earnest. -- Eager, Earnest. Eager
marks an excited state of desire or passion; thus, a child is eager
for a plaything, a hungry man is eager for food, a covetous man is
eager for gain. Eagerness is liable to frequent abuses, and is good or
bad, as the case may be. It relates to what is praiseworthy or the
contrary. Earnest denotes a permanent state of mind, feeling, or
sentiment. It is always taken in a good sense; as, a preacher is
earnest in his appeals to the conscience; an agent is earnest in his
solicitations.
Eager
Ea"ger, n. Same as Eagre.
Eagerly
Ea"ger*ly, adv. In an eager manner.
Eagerness
Ea"ger*ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being eager; ardent desire. "The eagerness
of love." Addison.
2. Tartness; sourness. [Obs.] Syn. -- Ardor; vehemence; earnestness;
impetuosity; heartiness; fervor; fervency; avidity; zeal; craving;
heat; passion; greediness.
Eagle
Ea"gle (?), n. [OE. egle, F. aigle, fr. L. aquila; prob. named from
its color, fr. aquilus dark-colored, brown; cf. Lith. aklas blind. Cf.
Aquiline.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any large, rapacious bird of the Falcon family, esp. of
the genera Aquila and Hali\'91etus. The eagle is remarkable for
strength, size, graceful figure, keenness of vision, and extraordinary
flight. The most noted species are the golden eagle (Aquila
chrysa\'89tus); the imperial eagle of Europe (A. mogilnik OR
imperialis); the American bald eagle (Hali\'91etus leucocephalus); the
European sea eagle (H. albicilla); and the great harpy eagle
(Thrasaetus harpyia). The figure of the eagle, as the king of birds,
is commonly used as an heraldic emblem, and also for standards and
emblematic devices. See Bald eagle, Harpy, and Golden eagle.
2. A gold coin of the United States, of the value of ten dollars.
3. (Astron.) A northern constellation, containing Altair, a star of
the first magnitude. See Aquila.
4. The figure of an eagle borne as an emblem on the standard of the
ancient Romans, or so used upon the seal or standard of any people.
Though the Roman eagle shadow thee. Tennyson.
NOTE: &hand; So me modern nations, as the United States, and France
under the Bonapartes, have adopted the eagle as their national
emblem. Russia, Austria, and Prussia have for an emblem a
double-headed eagle.
Bald eagle. See Bald eagle. -- Bold eagle. See under Bold. -- Double
eagle, a gold coin of the United States worth twenty dollars. -- Eagle
hawk (Zo\'94l.), a large, crested, South American hawk of the genus
Morphnus. -- Eagle owl (Zo\'94l.), any large owl of the genus Bubo,
and allied genera; as the American great horned owl (Bubo
Virginianus), and the allied European species (B. maximus). See Horned
owl. -- Eagle ray (Zo\'94l.), any large species of ray of the genus
Myliobatis (esp. M. aquila). -- Eagle vulture (Zo\'94l.), a large West
African bid (Gypohierax Angolensis), intermediate, in several
respects, between the eagles and vultures.
Eagle-eyed
Ea"gle-eyed` (?), a. Sharp-sighted as an eagle. "Inwardly eagle-eyed."
Howell.
Eagle-sighted
Ea"gle-sight`ed (?), a. Farsighted and strong-sighted; sharp-sighted.
Shak.
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Eagless
Ea"gless (?), n. [Cf. OF. aiglesse.] (Zo\'94l.) A female or hen eagle.
[R.] Sherwood.
Eaglestone
Ea"gle*stone (?), n. (Min.) A concretionary nodule of clay ironstone,
of the size of a walnut or larger, so called by the ancients, who
believed that the eagle transported these stones to her nest to
facilitate the laying of her eggs; a\'89tites.
Eaglet
Ea"glet (?), n. [Cf. OF. aiglet.] (Zo\'94l.) A young eagle, or a
diminutive eagle.
Eagle-winged
Ea"gle-winged` (?), a. Having the wings of an eagle; swift, or soaring
high, like an eagle. Shak.
Eaglewood
Ea"gle*wood` (?), n. [From Skr. aguru, through Pg. aguila; cf. F. bois
d'aigle.] A kind of fragrant wood. See Agallochum.
Eagrass
Ea"grass (?), n. See Eddish. [Obs.]
Eagre
Ea"gre (?), n. [AS. e\'a0gor, , in comp., water, sea,
e\'a0gor-stre\'a0m water stream, sea.] A wave, or two or three
successive waves, of great height and violence, at flood tide moving
up an estuary or river; -- commonly called the bore. See Bore.
Ealderman, Ealdorman
Eal"der*man, Eal"dor*man (?), n. An alderman. [Obs.]
Eale
Eale (?), n. [See Ale.] Ale. [Obs.] Shak.
Eame
Eame (?), n. [AS. e\'a0m; akin to D. oom, G. ohm, oheim; cf. L.
avunculus.] Uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.
Ean
Ean (?), v. t. & i. [AS. e\'a0nian. See Yean.] To bring forth, as
young; to yean. "In eaning time." Shak.
Eanling
Ean"ling (?), n. [See Ean, Yeanling.] A lamb just brought forth; a
yeanling. Shak.
Ear
Ear (?), n. [AS. e\'a0re; akin to OFries. \'a0re, \'a0r, OS. , D. oor,
OHG. , G. ohr, Icel. eyra, Sw. \'94ra, Dan. \'94re, Goth. auso, L.
auris, Lith. ausis, Russ. ukho, Gr. audire to hear, Gr. av to favor ,
protect. Cf. Auricle, Orillon.]
1. The organ of hearing; the external ear.
NOTE: &hand; In ma n an d th e hi gher ve rtebrates, th e organ of
hearing is very complicated, and is divisible into three parts: the
external ear, which includes the pinna or auricle and meatus or
external opening; the middle ear, drum, or tympanum; and the
internal ear, or labyrinth. The middle ear is a cavity connected by
the Eustachian tube with the pharynx, separated from the opening of
the external ear by the tympanic membrane, and containing a chain
of three small bones, or ossicles, named malleus, incus, and
stapes, which connect this membrane with the internal ear. The
essential part of the internal ear where the fibers of the auditory
nerve terminate, is the membranous labyrinth, a complicated system
of sacs and tubes filled with a fluid (the endolymph), and lodged
in a cavity, called the bony labyrinth, in the periotic bone. The
membranous labyrinth does not completely fill the bony labyrinth,
but is partially suspended in it in a fluid (the perilymph). The
bony labyrinth consists of a central cavity, the vestibule, into
which three semicircular canals and the canal of the cochlea
(spirally coiled in mammals) open. The vestibular portion of the
membranous labyrinth consists of two sacs, the utriculus and
sacculus, connected by a narrow tube, into the former of which
three membranous semicircular canals open, while the latter is
connected with a membranous tube in the cochlea containing the
organ of Corti. By the help of the external ear the sonorous
vibrations of the air are concentrated upon the tympanic membrane
and set it vibrating, the chain of bones in the middle ear
transmits these vibrations to the internal ear, where they cause
certain delicate structures in the organ of Corti, and other parts
of the membranous labyrinth, to stimulate the fibers of the
auditory nerve to transmit sonorous impulses to the brain.
2. The sense of hearing; the perception of sounds; the power of
discriminating between different tones; as, a nice ear for music; --
in the singular only.
Songs . . . not all ungrateful to thine ear. Tennyson.
3. That which resembles in shape or position the ear of an animal; any
prominence or projection on an object, -- usually one for support or
attachment; a lug; a handle; as, the ears of a tub, a skillet, or
dish. The ears of a boat are outside kneepieces near the bow. See
Illust. of Bell.
4. (Arch.) (a) Same as Acroterium (a). (b) Same as Crossette.
5. Privilege of being kindly heard; favor; attention.
Dionysius . . . would give no ear to his suit. Bacon.
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. Shak.
About the ears, in close proximity to; near at hand. -- By the ears,
in close contest; as, to set by the ears; to fall together by the
ears; to be by the ears. -- Button ear (in dogs), an ear which falls
forward and completely hides the inside. -- Ear finger, the little
finger. -- Ear of Dionysius, a kind of ear trumpet with a flexible
tube; -- named from the Sicilian tyrant, who constructed a device to
overhear the prisoners in his dungeons. -- Ear sand (Anat.), otoliths.
See Otolith. -- Ear snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail of the genus Auricula
and allied genera. -- Ear stones (Anat.), otoliths. See Otolith. --
Ear trumpet, an instrument to aid in hearing. It consists of a tube
broad at the outer end, and narrowing to a slender extremity which
enters the ear, thus collecting and intensifying sounds so as to
assist the hearing of a partially deaf person. -- Ear vesicle
(Zo\'94l.), a simple auditory organ, occurring in many worms,
mollusks, etc. It consists of a small sac containing a fluid and one
or more solid concretions or otocysts. -- Rose ear (in dogs), an ear
which folds backward and shows part of the inside. -- To give ear to,
to listen to; to heed, as advice or one advising. "Give ear unto my
song." Goldsmith. -- To have one's ear, to be listened to with favor.
-- Up to the ears, deeply submerged; almost overwhelmed; as, to be in
trouble up to one's ears. [Colloq.]
Ear
Ear (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earing.] To
take in with the ears; to hear. [Sportive] "I eared her language." Two
Noble Kinsmen.
Ear
Ear, n. [AS. ear; akin to D. aar, OHG. ahir, G. \'84hre, Icel., Sw., &
Dan. ax, Goth. ahs. . Cf. Awn, Edge.] The spike or head of any cereal
(as, wheat, rye, barley, Indian corn, etc.), containing the kernels.
First the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.
Mark iv. 28.
Ear
Ear, v. i. To put forth ears in growing; to form ears, as grain; as,
this corn ears well.
Ear
Ear, v. t. [OE. erien, AS. erian; akin to OFries. era, OHG. erran,
MHG. eren, ern, Prov. G. aren, \'84ren, Icel. erja, Goth. arjan, Lith.
arti, OSlav. orati, L. arare, Gr. Arable.] To plow or till; to
cultivate. "To ear the land." Shak.
Earable
Ear"a*ble (?), a. Arable; tillable. [Archaic]
Earache
Ear"ache` (?), n. Ache or pain in the ear.
Earal
Ear"al (?), a. Receiving by the ear. [Obs.] Hewyt.
Ear-bored
Ear"-bored` (?), a. Having the ear perforated.
Earcap
Ear"cap` (?), n. A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold.
Earcockle
Ear"coc`kle (?), n. (Bot.) A disease in wheat, in which the blackened
and contracted grain, or ear, is filled with minute worms.
Eardrop
Ear"drop` (?), n.
1. A pendant for the ear; an earring; as, a pair of eardrops.
2. (Bot.) A species of primrose. See Auricula.
Eardrum
Ear"drum` (?), n. (Anat.) The tympanum. See Illust. of Ear.
Eared
Eared (?), a.
1. Having (such or so many) ears; -- used in composition; as,
long-eared-eared; sharp-eared; full-eared; ten-eared.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having external ears; having tufts of feathers
resembling ears.
Eared owl (Zo\'94l.), an owl having earlike tufts of feathers, as the
long-eared owl, and short-eared owl. -- Eared seal (Zo\'94l.), any
seal of the family Otariid\'91, including the fur seals and hair
seals. See Seal.
Eariness
Ear"i*ness (?), n. [Scotch ery or eiry affected with fear.] Fear or
timidity, especially of something supernatural. [Written also
eiryness.]
The sense of eariness, as twilight came on. De Quincey.
Earing
Ear"ing, n. (Naut.) (a) A line used to fasten the upper corners of a
sail to the yard or gaff; -- also called head earing. (b) A line for
hauling the reef cringle to the yard; -- also called reef earing. (c)
A line fastening the corners of an awning to the rigging or
stanchions.
Earing
Ear"ing, n. Coming into ear, as corn.
Earing
Ear"ing, n. A plowing of land. [Archaic]
Neither earing nor harvest. Gen. xlv. 6.
Earl
Earl (?), n. [OE. eorl, erl, AS. eorl man, noble; akin to OS. erl boy,
man, Icel. jarl nobleman, count, and possibly to Gr. arshan man. Cf.
Jarl.] A nobleman of England ranking below a marquis, and above a
viscount. The rank of an earl corresponds to that of a count (comte)
in France, and graf in Germany. Hence the wife of an earl is still
called countess. See Count.
Earl
Earl, n. (Zo\'94l.) The needlefish. [Ireland]
Earlap
Ear"lap` (?), n. The lobe of the ear.
Earldom
Earl"dom (?), n. [AS. eorl-d; eorl man, noble + -d -dom.]
1. The jurisdiction of an earl; the territorial possessions of an
earl.
2. The status, title, or dignity of an earl.
He [Pulteney] shrunk into insignificancy and an earldom.
Chesterfield.
Earldorman
Earl"dor*man (?), n. Alderman. [Obs.]
Earlduck
Earl"duck` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The red-breasted merganser (Merganser
serrator).
Earles penny
Earles" pen`ny (?). [Cf. Arles, 4th Earnest.] Earnest money. Same as
Arles penny. [Obs.]
Earless
Ear"less (?), a. Without ears; hence, deaf or unwilling to hear. Pope.
Earlet
Ear"let (?), n. [Ear + -let.] An earring. [Obs.]
The Ismaelites were accustomed to wear golden earlets. Judg. viii.
24 (Douay version).
Earliness
Ear"li*ness (?), n. The state of being early or forward; promptness.
Earl marshal
Earl" mar"shal (?). An officer of state in England who marshals and
orders all great ceremonials, takes cognizance of matters relating to
honor, arms, and pedigree, and directs the proclamation of peace and
war. The court of chivalry was formerly under his jurisdiction, and he
is still the head of the herald's office or college of arms.
Earlock
Ear"lock` (?), n. [AS. e\'a0r-locca.] A lock or curl of hair near the
ear; a lovelock. See Lovelock.
Early
Ear"ly (?), adv. [OE. erli, erliche, AS. ; sooner + l\'c6c like. See
Ere, and Like.] Soon; in good season; seasonably; betimes; as, come
early.
Those that me early shall find me. Prov. viii. 17.
You must wake and call me early. Tennyson.
Early
Ear"ly, a. [Compar. Earlier (?); superl. Earliest.] [OE. earlich.
Early, adv.]
1. In advance of the usual or appointed time; in good season; prior in
time; among or near the first; -- opposed to late; as, the early bird;
an early spring; early fruit.
Early and provident fear is the mother of safety. Burke.
The doorsteps and threshold with the early grass springing up about
them. Hawthorne.
2. Coming in the first part of a period of time, or among the first of
successive acts, events, etc.
Seen in life's early morning sky. Keble.
The forms of its earlier manhood. Longfellow.
The earliest poem he composed was in his seventeenth summer. J. C.
Shairp.
Early English (Philol.) See the Note under English. -- Early English
architecture, the first of the pointed or Gothic styles used in
England, succeeding the Norman style in the 12th and 13th centuries.
Syn. -- Forward; timely; not late; seasonable.
Earmark
Ear"mark` (?), n.
1. A mark on the ear of sheep, oxen, dogs, etc., as by cropping or
slitting.
2. A mark for identification; a distinguishing mark.
Money is said to have no earmark. Wharton.
Flying, he [a slave] should be described by the rounding of his
head, and his earmark. Robynson (More's Utopia).
A set of intellectual ideas . . . have earmarks upon them, no
tokens of a particular proprietor. Burrow.
Earmark
Ear"mark`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earmarked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Earmarking.] To mark, as sheep, by cropping or slitting the ear.
Earn
Earn (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Ern, n. Sir W. Scott.
Earn
Earn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earning.]
[AS. earnian; akin to OHG. arn to reap, aran harvest, G. ernte, Goth.
asans harvest, asneis hireling, AS. esne; cf. Icel. \'94nn working
season, work.]
1. To merit or deserve, as by labor or service; to do that which
entitles one to (a reward, whether the reward is received or not).
The high repute Which he through hazard huge must earn. Milton.
2. To acquire by labor, service, or performance; to deserve and
receive as compensation or wages; as, to earn a good living; to earn
honors or laurels.
I earn that [what] I eat. Shak.
The bread I have earned by the hazard of my life or the sweat of my
brow. Burke.
Earned run (Baseball), a run which is made without the assistance of
errors on the opposing side. Syn. -- See Obtain.
Earn
Earn (?), v. t. & i. [See 1st Yearn.] To grieve. [Obs.]
Earn
Earn, v. i. [See 4th Yearn.] To long; to yearn. [Obs.]
And ever as he rode, his heart did earn To prove his puissance in
battle brave. Spenser.
Earn
Earn, v. i. [AS. irnan to run. Rennet, and cf. Yearnings.] To curdle,
as milk. [Prov. Eng.]
Earnest
Ear"nest (?), n. [AS. eornost, eornest; akin to OHG. ernust, G. ernst;
cf. Icel. orrosta battle, perh. akin to Gr. oriri to rise.]
Seriousness; reality; fixed determination; eagerness; intentness.
Take heed that this jest do not one day turn to earnest. Sir P.
Sidney.
And given in earnest what I begged in jest. Shak.
In earnest, serious; seriously; not in jest; earnestly.
Earnest
Ear"nest, a.
1. Ardent in the pursuit of an object; eager to obtain or do; zealous
with sincerity; with hearty endeavor; heartfelt; fervent; hearty; --
used in a good sense; as, earnest prayers.
An earnest advocate to plead for him. Shak.
2. Intent; fixed closely; as, earnest attention.
3. Serious; important. [Obs.]
They whom earnest lets do often hinder. Hooker.
Syn. -- Eager; warm; zealous; ardent; animated; importunate; fervent;
sincere; serious; hearty; urgent. See Eager.
Earnest
Ear"nest, v. t. To use in earnest. [R.]
To earnest them [our arms] with men. Pastor Fido (1602).
Earnest
Ear"nest, n. [Prob. corrupted fr. F. arrhes, L. arra, arrha, arrhabo,
Gr. ; or perh. fr. W. ernes, akin to Gael. earlas, perh. fr. L. arra.
Cf. Arles, Earles penny.]
1. Something given, or a part paid beforehand, as a pledge; pledge;
handsel; a token of what is to come.
Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our
hearts. 2 Cor. i. 22.
And from his coffers Received the golden earnest of our death.
Shak.
2. (Law) Something of value given by the buyer to the seller, by way
of token or pledge, to bind the bargain and prove the sale. Kent.
Ayliffe. Benjamin.
Earnest money (Law), money paid as earnest, to bind a bargain or to
ratify and prove a sale. Syn. -- Earnest, Pledge. These words are here
compared as used in their figurative sense. Earnest is not so strong
as pledge. An earnest, like first fruits, gives assurance, or at least
a high probability, that more is coming of the same kind; a pledge,
like money deposited, affords security and ground of reliance for the
future. Washington gave earnest of his talent as commander by saving
his troops after Braddock's defeat; his fortitude and that of his
soldiers during the winter at Valley Forge might rightly be considered
a pledge of their ultimate triumph.
Earnestful
Ear"nest*ful (?), a. Serious. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Earnestly
Ear"nest*ly, adv. In an earnest manner.
Earnestness
Ear"nest*ness, n. The state or quality of being earnest; intentness;
anxiety.
An honest earnestness in the young man's manner. W. Irving.
Earnful
Earn"ful (?), a. [From Earn to yearn.] Full of anxiety or yearning.
[Obs.] P. Fletcher.
Earning
Earn"ing, n.; pl. Earnings (. That which is earned; wages gained by
work or services; money earned; -- used commonly in the plural.
As to the common people, their stock is in their persons and in
their earnings. Burke.
Earpick
Ear"pick` (?), n. An instrument for removing wax from the ear.
Ear-piercer
Ear"-pier`cer (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The earwig.
Earreach
Ear"reach` (?), n. Earshot. Marston.
Earring
Ear"ring` (?), n. An ornament consisting of a ring passed through the
lobe of the ear, with or without a pendant.
Earsh
Earsh (?), n. See Arrish.
Ear-shell
Ear"-shell` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A flattened marine univalve shell of
the genus Haliotis; -- called also sea-ear. See Abalone.
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Earshot
Ear"shot` (?), n. Reach of the ear; distance at which words may be
heard. Dryden.
Earshrift
Ear"shrift` (?), n. A nickname for auricular confession; shrift.
[Obs.] Cartwright.
Earsore
Ear"sore` (?), n. An annoyance to the ear. [R.]
The perpetual jangling of the chimes . . . is no small earsore Sir
T. Browne.
Ear-splitting
Ear"-split`ting (?), a. Deafening; disagreeably loud or shrill; as,
ear-splitting strains.
Earst
Earst (?), adv. See Erst. [Obs.] Spenser.
Earth
Earth (?), n. [AS. eor; akin to OS. ertha, OFries. irthe, D. aarde,
OHG. erda, G. erde, Icel. j\'94r, Sw. & Dan. jord, Goth. a\'c6rpa,
OHG. ero, Gr. ear to plow.]
1. The globe or planet which we inhabit; the world, in distinction
from the sun, moon, or stars. Also, this world as the dwelling place
of mortals, in distinction from the dwelling place of spirits.
That law preserves the earth a sphere And guides the planets in
their course. S. Rogers.
In heaven, or earth, or under earth, in hell. Milton.
2. The solid materials which make up the globe, in distinction from
the air or water; the dry land.
God called the dry land earth. Gen. i. 10.
He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of earth and water
never appear in him. Shak.
3. The softer inorganic matter composing part of the surface of the
globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil of all kinds, including
gravel, clay, loam, and the like; sometimes, soil favorable to the
growth of plants; the visible surface of the globe; the ground; as,
loose earth; rich earth.
Give him a little earth for charity. Shak.
4. A part of this globe; a region; a country; land.
Would I had never trod this English earth. Shak.
5. Worldly things, as opposed to spiritual things; the pursuits,
interests, and allurements of this life.
Our weary souls by earth beguiled. Keble.
6. The people on the globe.
The whole earth was of one language. Gen. xi. 1.
7. (Chem.) (a) Any earthy-looking metallic oxide, as alumina, glucina,
zirconia, yttria, and thoria. (b) A similar oxide, having a slight
alkaline reaction, as lime, magnesia, strontia, baryta.
8. A hole in the ground, where an animal hides himself; as, the earth
of a fox. Macaulay.
They [ferrets] course the poor conies out of their earths. Holland.
NOTE: &hand; Ea rth is used either adjectively or in combination to
form compound words; as, earth apple or earth-apple; earth metal or
earth-metal; earth closet or earth-closet.
Adamic earth, Bitter earth, Bog earth, Chian earth, etc. See under
Adamic, Bitter, etc. -- Alkaline earths. See under Alkaline. -- Earth
apple. (Bot.) (a) A potato. (b) A cucumber. -- Earth auger, a form of
auger for boring into the ground; -- called also earth borer. -- Earth
bath, a bath taken by immersing the naked body in earth for healing
purposes. -- Earth battery (Physics), a voltaic battery the elements
of which are buried in the earth to be acted on by its moisture. --
Earth chestnut, the pignut. -- Earth closet, a privy or commode
provided with dry earth or a similar substance for covering and
deodorizing the f\'91cal discharges. -- Earth dog (Zo\'94l.), a dog
that will dig in the earth, or enter holes of foxes, etc. -- Earth
hog, Earth pig (Zo\'94l.), the aard-vark. -- Earth hunger, an intense
desire to own land, or, in the case of nations, to extend their
domain. -- Earth light (Astron.), the light reflected by the earth, as
upon the moon, and corresponding to moonlight; -- called also earth
shine. Sir J. Herschel. -- Earth metal. See 1st Earth,
7. (Chem.) --
Earth oil, petroleum. -- Earth pillars OR pyramids (Geol.), high
pillars or pyramids of earth, sometimes capped with a single stone,
found in Switzerland. Lyell. -- Earth pitch (Min.), mineral tar, a
kind of asphaltum. -- Earth quadrant, a fourth of the earth's
circumference. -- Earth table (Arch.), the lowest course of stones
visible in a building; the ground table. -- On earth, an intensive
expression, oftenest used in questions and exclamations; as, What on
earth shall I do? Nothing on earth will satisfy him. [Colloq.]
Earth
Earth (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earthed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earthing.]
1. To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to chase into a burrow or
den. "The fox is earthed." Dryden.
2. To cover with earth or mold; to inter; to bury; -- sometimes with
up.
The miser earths his treasure, and the thief, Watching the mole,
half beggars him ere noon. Young.
Why this in earthing up a carcass? R. Blair.
Earth
Earth, v. i. To burrow. Tickell.
Earth
Earth, n. [From Ear to plow.] A plowing. [Obs.]
Such land as ye break up for barley to sow, Two earths at the
least, ere ye sow it, bestow. Tusser.
Earthbag
Earth"bag` (?), n. (Mil.) A bag filled with earth, used commonly to
raise or repair a parapet.
Earthbank
Earth"bank` (?), n. A bank or mound of earth.
Earthboard
Earth"board` (?), n. (Agric.) The part of a plow, or other implement,
that turns over the earth; the moldboard.
Earthborn
Earth"born` (?), a.
1. Born of the earth; terrigenous; springing originally from the
earth; human.
Some earthborn giant. Milton.
2. Relating to, or occasioned by, earthly objects.
All earthborn cares are wrong. Goldsmith.
Earthbred
Earth"bred` (?), a. Low; grovelling; vulgar.
Earthdin
Earth"din` (?), n. An earthquake. [Obs.]
Earthdrake
Earth"drake` (?), n. A mythical monster of the early Anglo-Saxon
literature; a dragon. W. Spalding.
Earthen
Earth"en (?), a. Made of earth; made of burnt or baked clay, or other
like substances; as, an earthen vessel or pipe.
Earthen-hearted
Earth"en-heart`ed (?), a. Hard-hearted; sordid; gross. [Poetic]
Lowell.
Earthenware
Earth"en*ware` (?), n. Vessels and other utensils, ornaments, or the
like, made of baked clay. See Crockery, Pottery, Stoneware, and
Porcelain.
Earth flax
Earth" flax` (?). (Min.) A variety of asbestus. See Amianthus.
Earthfork
Earth"fork` (?), n. A pronged fork for turning up the earth.
Earthiness
Earth"i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being earthy, or of
containing earth; hence, grossness.
Earthliness
Earth"li*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being earthly;
worldliness; grossness; perishableness.
Earthling
Earth"ling (?), n. [Earth + -ling.] An inhabitant of the earth; a
mortal.
Earthings oft her deemed a deity. Drummond.
Earthly
Earth"ly, a.
1. Pertaining to the earth; belonging to this world, or to man's
existence on the earth; not heavenly or spiritual; carnal; worldly;
as, earthly joys; earthly flowers; earthly praise.
This earthly load Of death, called life. Milton.
Whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things. Phil. iii.
19.
2. Of all things on earth; possible; conceivable.
What earthly benefit can be the result? Pope.
3. Made of earth; earthy. [Obs.] Holland. Syn. -- Gross; material;
sordid; mean; base; vile; low; unsubstantial; temporary; corrupt;
groveling.
Earthly
Earth"ly, adv. In the manner of the earth or its people; worldly.
Took counsel from his guiding eyes To make this wisdom earthly
wise. Emerson.
Earthly-minded
Earth"ly-mind`ed (?), a. Having a mind devoted to earthly things;
worldly-minded; -- opposed to spiritual-minded. --
Earth"ly-mind`ed*ness, n.
Earthmad
Earth"mad` (?), n. [Earth + mad an earthworm.] (Zo\'94l.) The
earthworm. [Obs.]
The earthmads and all the sorts of worms . . . are without eyes.
Holland.
Earthnut
Earth"nut` (?), n. (Bot.) A name given to various roots, tubers, or
pods grown under or on the ground; as to: (a) The esculent tubers of
the umbelliferous plants Bunium flexuosum and Carum Bulbocastanum. (b)
The peanut. See Peanut.
Earthpea
Earth"pea` (?), n. (Bot.) A species of pea (Amphicarp\'91a monoica).
It is a climbing leguminous plant, with hairy underground pods.
Earthquake
Earth"quake` (?), n. A shaking, trembling, or concussion of the earth,
due to subterranean causes, often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The
wave of shock sometimes traverses half a hemisphere, destroying cities
and many thousand lives; -- called also earthdin, earthquave, and
earthshock.<-- also temblor, tremor --> Earthquake alarm, a bell
signal constructed to operate on the theory that a few seconds before
the occurrence of an earthquake the magnet temporarily loses its
power.
Earthquake
Earth"quake`, a. Like, or characteristic of, an earthquake; loud;
starling.
The earthquake voice of victory. Byron.
Earthquave
Earth"quave` (?), n. An earthquake.
Earth shine
Earth" shine` (?). See Earth light, under Earth.
Earthshock
Earth"shock` (?), n. An earthquake.
Earthstar
Earth"star` (?), n. (Bot.) A curious fungus of the genus Geaster, in
which the outer coating splits into the shape of a star, and the inner
one forms a ball containing the dustlike spores.
Earth-tongue
Earth"-tongue` (?), n. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus Geoglossum.
Earthward, Earthwards
Earth"ward (?), Earth"wards (, adv. Toward the earth; -- opposed to
heavenward or skyward.
Earthwork
Earth"work` (?), n.
1. (Mil.) Any construction, whether a temporary breastwork or
permanent fortification, for attack or defense, the material of which
is chiefly earth.
2. (Engin.) (a) The operation connected with excavations and
embankments of earth in preparing foundations of buildings, in
constructing canals, railroads, etc. (b) An embankment or construction
made of earth.
Earthworm
Earth"worm` (?), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any worm of the genus Lumbricus and allied genera, found
in damp soil. One of the largest and most abundant species in Europe
and America is L. terrestris; many others are known; -- called also
angleworm and dewworm.
2. A mean, sordid person; a niggard. Norris.
Earthy
Earth"y (?), a.
1. Consisting of, or resembling, earth; terrene; earthlike; as, earthy
matter.
How pale she looks, And of an earthy cold! Shak.
All over earthy, like a piece of earth. Tennyson.
2. Of or pertaining to the earth or to, this world; earthly;
terrestrial; carnal. [R.] "Their earthy charge." Milton.
The first man is of the earth, earthy; the second man is from
heaven. As is the earthy, such are they also that are earthy. 1
Cor. xv. 47, 48 (Rev. Ver. )
Earthy spirits black and envious are. Dryden.
3. Gross; low; unrefined. "Her earthy and abhorred commands." Shak.
4. (Min.) Without luster, or dull and roughish to the touch; as, an
earthy fracture.
Earwax
Ear"wax` (?), n. (Anat.) See Cerumen.
Earwig
Ear"wig` (?), n. [AS. e\'a0rwicga; e\'a0re ear + wicga beetle, worm:
cf. Prov. E. erri-wiggle.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any insect of the genus Forticula and related genera,
belonging to the order Euplexoptera.
2. (Zo\'94l.) In America, any small chilopodous myriapod, esp. of the
genus Geophilus.
NOTE: &hand; Bo th in sects are so called from the supposition that
they creep into the human ear.
3. A whisperer of insinuations; a secret counselor. Johnson.
Earwig
Ear"wig` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earwigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Earwigging (?).] To influence, or attempt to influence, by whispered
insinuations or private talk. "No longer was he earwigged by the Lord
Cravens." Lord Campbell.
Earwitness
Ear"wit`ness (?), n. A witness by means of his ears; one who is within
hearing and does hear; a hearer. Fuller.
Ease
Ease (?), n. [OE. ese, eise, F. aise; akin to Pr. ais, aise, OIt.
asio, It. agio; of uncertain origin; cf. L. ansa handle, occasion,
opportunity. Cf. Agio, Disease.]
1. Satisfaction; pleasure; hence, accommodation; entertainment. [Obs.]
They him besought Of harbor and or ease as for hire penny. Chaucer.
2. Freedom from anything that pains or troubles; as: (a) Relief from
labor or effort; rest; quiet; relaxation; as, ease of body.
Usefulness comes by labor, wit by ease. Herbert.
Give yourself ease from the fatigue of watching. Swift.
(b) Freedom from care, solicitude, or anything that annoys or
disquiets; tranquillity; peace; comfort; security; as, ease of mind.
Among these nations shalt thou find no ease. Deut. xxviii. 65.
Take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry. Luke xii. 19.
(c) Freedom from constraint, formality, difficulty, embarrassment,
etc.; facility; liberty; naturalness; -- said of manner, style, etc.;
as, ease of style, of behavior, of address.
True ease in writing comes from art, not chance. Pope.
Whate'er he did was done with so much ease, In him alone 't was
natural to please. Dryden.
At ease, free from pain, trouble, or anxiety. "His soul shall dwell at
ease." Ps. xxv. 12. -- Chapel of ease. See under Chapel. -- Ill at
ease, not at ease, disquieted; suffering; anxious. -- To stand at ease
(Mil.), to stand in a comfortable attitude in one's place in the
ranks. -- With ease, easily; without much effort. Syn. -- Rest; quiet;
repose; comfortableness; tranquility; facility; easiness; readiness.
Ease
Ease (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Eased (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Easing.]
[OE. esen, eisen, OF. aisier. See Ease, n.]
1. To free from anything that pains, disquiets, or oppresses; to
relieve from toil or care; to give rest, repose, or tranquility to; --
often with of; as, to ease of pain; ease the body or mind.
Eased [from] the putting off These troublesome disguises which we
wear. Milton.
Sing, and I 'll ease thy shoulders of thy load. Dryden.
2. To render less painful or oppressive; to mitigate; to alleviate.
My couch shall ease my complaint. Job vii. 13.
3. To release from pressure or restraint; to move gently; to lift
slightly; to shift a little; as, to ease a bar or nut in machinery.
4. To entertain; to furnish with accommodations. [Obs.] Chaucer.
To ease off, To ease away (Naut.), to slacken a rope gradually. -- To
ease a ship (Naut.), to put the helm hard, or regulate the sail, to
prevent pitching when closehauled. -- To ease the helm (Naut.), to put
the helm more nearly amidships, to lessen the effect on the ship, or
the strain on the wheel rope. Ham. Nav. Encyc. Syn. -- To relieve;
disburden; quiet; calm; tranquilize; assuage; alleviate; allay;
mitigate; appease; pacify.
Easeful
Ease"ful (?), a. Full of ease; suitable for affording ease or rest;
quiet; comfortable; restful. Shak. -- Ease"ful*ly, adv. --
Ease"ful*ness, n.
Easel
Ea"sel (?), n. [D. ezel ass, donkey, hence, easel, or G. esel; akin to
E. ass. See Ass.] A frame (commonly) of wood serving to hold a canvas
upright, or nearly upright, for the painter's convenience or for
exhibition. Easel picture, Easel piece, a painting of moderate size
such as is made while resting on an easel, as distinguished from a
painting on a wall or ceiling.
Easeless
Ease"less (?), a. Without ease. Donne.
Easement
Ease"ment (?), n. [OF. aisement. See Ease, n.]
1. That which gives ease, relief, or assistance; convenience;
accommodation.
In need of every kind of relief and easement. Burke.
2. (Law) A liberty, privilege, or advantage, which one proprietor has
in the estate of another proprietor, distinct from the ownership of
the soil, as a way, water course, etc. It is a species of what the
civil law calls servitude. Kent.
3. (Arch.) A curved member instead of an abrupt change of direction,
as in a baseboard, hand rail, etc.
Easily
Eas"i*ly (?), adv. [From Easy.]
1. With ease; without difficulty or much effort; as, this task may be
easily performed; that event might have been easily foreseen.
2. Without pain, anxiety, or disturbance; as, to pass life well and
easily. Sir W. Temple.
3. Readily; without reluctance; willingly.
Not soon provoked, she easily forgives. Prior.
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4. Smoothly; quietly; gently; gracefully; without
5. Without shaking or jolting; commodiously; as, a carriage moves
easily.
Easiness
Eas"i*ness (?), n.
1. The state or condition of being easy; freedom from distress; rest.
2. Freedom from difficulty; ease; as the easiness of a task.
3. Freedom from emotion; compliance; disposition to yield without
opposition; unconcernedness.
Give to him, and he shall but laugh at your easiness. South.
4. Freedom from effort, constraint, or formality; -- said of style,
manner, etc.
With painful care, but seeming easiness. Roscommon.
5. Freedom from jolting, jerking, or straining.
East
East (?), n. [OE. est, east, AS. e\'a0st; akin to D. oost, oosten,
OHG. , G. ost, osten, Icel. austr, Sw. ost, Dan. \'94st, \'94sten,
Lith. auszra dawn, L. aurora (for ausosa), Gr. ushas; cf. Skr. ush to
burn, L. urere. Aurora, Easter, Sterling.]
1. The point in the heavens where the sun is seen to rise at the
equinox, or the corresponding point on the earth; that one of the four
cardinal points of the compass which is in a direction at right angles
to that of north and south, and which is toward the right hand of one
who faces the north; the point directly opposite to the west.
The east began kindle. E. Everett.
2. The eastern parts of the earth; the regions or countries which lie
east of Europe; the orient. In this indefinite sense, the word is
applied to Asia Minor, Syria, Chaldea, Persia, India, China, etc.; as,
the riches of the East; the diamonds and pearls of the East; the kings
of the East.
The gorgeous East, with richest hand, Showers on her kings barbaric
pearl and gold. Milton.
3. (U. S. Hist. and Geog.) Formerly, the part of the United States
east of the Alleghany Mountains, esp. the Eastern, or New England,
States; now, commonly, the whole region east of the Mississippi River,
esp. that which is north of Maryland and the Ohio River; -- usually
with the definite article; as, the commerce of the East is not
independent of the agriculture of the West.
East by north, East by south, according to the notation of the
mariner's compass, that point which lies 11 -- East-northeast,
East-southeast, that which lie 22Illust. of Compass.
East
East (?), a. Toward the rising sun; or toward the point where the sun
rises when in the equinoctial; as, the east gate; the east border; the
east side; the east wind is a wind that blows from the east.
East
East, adv. Eastward.
East
East, v. i. To move toward the east; to veer from the north or south
toward the east; to orientate.
Easter
Eas"ter (?), n. [AS. e\'a0ster, e\'a0stran, paschal feast, Easter;
akin to G. ostern; fr. AS. E\'a0stre, a goddess of light or spring, in
honor of whom a festival was celebrated in April; whence this month
was called in AS. E\'a0sterm. From the root of E. east. See East.]
1. An annual church festival commemorating Christ's resurrection, and
occurring on Sunday, the second day after Good Friday. It corresponds
to the pasha or passover of the Jews, and most nations still give it
this name under the various forms of pascha, pasque, p\'83que, or
pask.
2. The day on which the festival is observed; Easter day.
NOTE: &hand; Ea ster is us ed ei ther ad jectively or as the first
element of a compound; as, Easter day or Easter-day, Easter Sunday,
Easter week, Easter gifts.
Sundays by thee more glorious break, An Easter day in every week.
Keble.
NOTE: &hand; Ea ster da y, on which the rest of the movable feasts
depend, is always the first Sunday after the fourteenth day of the
calendar moon which (fourteenth day) falls on, or next after, the
21st of March, according to the rules laid down for the
construction of the calendar; so that if the fourteenth day happen
on a Sunday, Easter day is the Sunday after.
Eng. Cyc. Easter dues (Ch. of Eng.), money due to the clergy at
Easter, formerly paid in communication of the tithe for personal labor
and subject to exaction. For Easter dues, Easter offerings, voluntary
gifts, have been substituted. -- Easter egg. (a) A painted or colored
egg used as a present at Easter. (b) An imitation of an egg, in sugar
or some fine material, sometimes made to serve as a box for jewelry or
the like, used as an Easter present.
Easter
East"er (?), v. i. (Naut.) To veer to the east; -- said of the wind.
Russell.
Easterling
East"er*ling (?), n. [Cf. Sterling.]
1. A native of a country eastward of another; -- used, by the English,
of traders or others from the coasts of the Baltic.
Merchants of Norway, Denmark, . . . called . . . Easterlings
because they lie east in respect of us. Holinshed.
2. A piece of money coined in the east by Richard II. of England.
Crabb.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The smew.
Easterling
East"er*ling, a. Relating to the money of the Easterlings, or Baltic
traders. See Sterling.
Easterly
East"er*ly, a.
1. Coming from the east; as, it was easterly wind.
2. Situated, directed, or moving toward the east; as, the easterly
side of a lake; an easterly course or voyage.
Easterly
East"er*ly, adv. Toward, or in the direction of, the east.
Eastern
East"ern (?), a. [AS. e\'a0stern.]
1. Situated or dwelling in the east; oriental; as, an eastern gate;
Eastern countries.
Eastern churches first did Christ embrace. Stirling.
2. Going toward the east, or in the direction of east; as, an eastern
voyage.
Eastern Church. See Greek Church, under Greek.
Easternmost
East"ern*most` (?), a. Most eastern.
East Indian
East" In"di*an (?; see Indian). Belonging to, or relating to, the East
Indies. -- n. A native of, or a dweller in, the East Indies.
Easting
East"ing, n. (Naut. & Surv.) The distance measured toward the east
between two meridians drawn through the extremities of a course;
distance of departure eastward made by a vessel.
East-insular
East`-in"su*lar (?), a. Relating to the Eastern Islands; East Indian.
[R.] Ogilvie.
Eastward, Eastwards
East"ward (?), East"wards (?), adv. Toward the east; in the direction
of east from some point or place; as, New Haven lies eastward from New
York.
Easy
Eas"y (?), a. [Compar. Easier (?); superl. Easiest.] [OF. aisi\'82, F.
ais\'82, prop. p. p. of OF. aisier. See Ease, v. t.]
1. At ease; free from pain, trouble, or constraint; as: (a) Free from
pain, distress, toil, exertion, and the like; quiet; as, the patient
is easy. (b) Free from care, responsibility, discontent, and the like;
not anxious; tranquil; as, an easy mind. (c) Free from constraint,
harshness, or formality; unconstrained; smooth; as, easy manners; an
easy style. "The easy vigor of a line." Pope.
2. Not causing, or attended with, pain or disquiet, or much exertion;
affording ease or rest; as, an easy carriage; a ship having an easy
motion; easy movements, as in dancing. "Easy ways to die." Shak.
3. Not difficult; requiring little labor or effort; slight;
inconsiderable; as, an easy task; an easy victory.
It were an easy leap. Shak.
4. Causing ease; giving freedom from care or labor; furnishing
comfort; commodious; as, easy circumstances; an easy chair or cushion.
5. Not making resistance or showing unwillingness; tractable;
yielding; complying; ready.
He gained their easy hearts. Dryden.
He is too tyrannical to be an easy monarch. Sir W. Scott.
6. Moderate; sparing; frugal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
7. (Com.) Not straitened as to money matters; as, the market is easy;
-- opposed to tight.
Honors are easy (Card Playing), said when each side has an equal
number of honors, in which case they are not counted as points. Syn.
-- Quiet; comfortable; manageable; tranquil; calm; facile;
unconcerned.
Easy-chair
Eas"y-chair` (?), n. An armichair for ease or repose. "Laugh . . . in
Rabelais' easy-chair." Pope.
Easy-going
Eas"y-go`ing (?), a. Moving easily; hence, mild-tempered; ease-loving;
inactive.
Eat
Eat (?), v. t. [imp. Ate (?; 277), Obsolescent & Colloq. Eat (; p. p.
Eaten (?), Obs. or Colloq. Eat (p. pr. & vb. n. Eating.] [OE. eten,
AS. etan; akin to OS. etan, OFries. eta, D. eten, OHG. ezzan, G.
essen, Icel. eta, Sw. \'84ta, Dan. \'91de, Goth. itan, Ir. & Gael.
ith, W. ysu, L. edere, Gr. ad. Etch, Fret to rub, Edible.]
1. To chew and swallow as food; to devour; -- said especially of food
not liquid; as, to eat bread. "To eat grass as oxen." Dan. iv. 25.
They . . . ate the sacrifices of the dead. Ps. cvi. 28.
The lean . . . did eat up the first seven fat kine. Gen. xli. 20.
The lion had not eaten the carcass. 1 Kings xiii. 28.
With stories told of many a feat, How fairy Mab junkets eat.
Milton.
The island princes overbold Have eat our substance. Tennyson.
His wretched estate is eaten up with mortgages. Thackeray.
2. To corrode, as metal, by rust; to consume the flesh, as a cancer;
to waste or wear away; to destroy gradually; to cause to disappear.
To eat humble pie. See under Humble. -- To eat of (partitive use).
"Eat of the bread that can not waste." Keble. -- To eat one's words,
to retract what one has said. (See the Citation under Blurt.) -- To
eat out, to consume completely. "Eat out the heart and comfort of it."
Tillotson. -- To eat the wind out of a vessel (Naut.), to gain slowly
to windward of her. Syn. -- To consume; devour; gnaw; corrode.
Eat
Eat, v. i.
1. To take food; to feed; especially, to take solid, in distinction
from liquid, food; to board.
He did eat continually at the king's table. 2 Sam. ix. 13.
2. To taste or relish; as, it eats like tender beef.
3. To make one's way slowly.
To eat, To eat in OR into, to make way by corrosion; to gnaw; to
consume. "A sword laid by, which eats into itself." Byron. -- To eat
to windward (Naut.), to keep the course when closehauled with but
little steering; -- said of a vessel.
Eatable
Eat"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being eaten; fit to be eaten; proper for
food; esculent; edible. -- n. Something fit to be eaten.
Eatage
Eat"age (?; 48), n. Eatable growth of grass for horses and cattle,
esp. that of aftermath.
Eater
Eat"er (?), n. One who, or that which, eats.
Eath
Eath (?), a. & adv. [AS. e\'a0.] Easy or easily. [Obs.] "Eath to move
with plaints." Fairfax.
Eating
Eat"ing (?), n.
1. The act of tasking food; the act of consuming or corroding.
2. Something fit to be eaten; food; as, a peach is good eating.
[Colloq.]
Eating house, a house where cooked provisions are sold, to be eaten on
the premises.
Eau de Cologne
Eau` de Co*logne" (?). [F. eau water (L. aqua) + de of + Cologne.]
Same as Cologne.
Eau de vie
Eau` de vie" (?). [F., water of life; eau (L. aqua) water + de of +
vie (L. vita) life.] French name for brandy. Cf. Aqua vit\'91, under
Aqua. Bescherelle.
Eavedrop
Eave"drop` (?), n. A drop from the eaves; eavesdrop. [R.] Tennyson.
Eaves
Eaves (?), n. pl. [OE. evese, pl. eveses, AS. efese eaves, brim,
brink; akin to OHG. obisa, opasa, porch, hall, MHG. obse eaves, Icel.
ups, Goth. ubizwa porch; cf. Icel. upsar-dropi, OSw. ops\'84-drup
water dropping from the eaves. Probably from the root of E. over. The
s of eaves is in English regarded as a plural ending, though not so in
Saxon. See Over, and cf. Eavesdrop.]
1. (Arch.) The edges or lower borders of the roof of a building, which
overhang the walls, and cast off the water that falls on the roof.
2. Brow; ridge. [Obs.] "Eaves of the hill." Wyclif.
3. Eyelids or eyelashes.
And closing eaves of wearied eyes. Tennyson.
Eaves board (Arch.), an arris fillet, or a thick board with a feather
edge, nailed across the rafters at the eaves of a building, to raise
the lower course of slates a little, or to receive the lowest course
of tiles; -- called also eaves catch and eaves lath. -- Eaves channel,
Eaves gutter, Eaves trough. Same as Gutter,
1. --
Eaves molding (Arch.), a molding immediately below the eaves, acting
as a cornice or part of a cornice. -- Eaves swallow (Zo\'94l.). (a)
The cliff swallow; -- so called from its habit of building
retort-shaped nests of mud under the eaves of buildings. See Cliff
swallow, under Cliff. (b) The European swallow.
Eavesdrop
Eaves"drop` (?), v. i. [Eaves + drop.] To stand under the eaves, near
a window or at the door, of a house, to listen and learn what is said
within doors; hence, to listen secretly to what is said in private.
To eavesdrop in disguises. Milton.
Eavesdrop
Eaves"drop`, n. The water which falls in drops from the eaves of a
house.
Eavesdropper
Eaves"drop`per (?), n. One who stands under the eaves, or near the
window or door of a house, to listen; hence, a secret listener.
Eavesdropping
Eaves"drop`ping (?), n. (Law) The habit of lurking about dwelling
houses, and other places where persons meet fro private intercourse,
secretly listening to what is said, and then tattling it abroad. The
offense is indictable at common law. Wharton.
Ebb
Ebb (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European bunting.
Ebb
Ebb, n. [AS. ebba; akin to Fries. ebba, D. eb, ebbe, Dan. & G. ebbe,
Sw. ebb, cf. Goth. ibuks backward; prob. akin to E. even.]
1. The reflux or flowing back of the tide; the return of the tidal
wave toward the sea; -- opposed to flood; as, the boats will go out on
the ebb.
Thou shoreless flood which in thy ebb and flow Claspest the limits
of morality! Shelley.
2. The state or time of passing away; a falling from a better to a
worse state; low state or condition; decline; decay. "Our ebb of
life." Roscommon.
Painting was then at its lowest ebb. Dryden.
Ebb and flow, the alternate ebb and flood of the tide; often used
figuratively.
This alternation between unhealthy activity and depression, this
ebb and flow of the industrial. A. T. Hadley.
Ebb
Ebb (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ebbed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ebbing.] [AS.
ebbian; akin to D. & G. ebben, Dan. ebbe. See 2d Ebb.]
1. To flow back; to return, as the water of a tide toward the ocean;
-- opposed to flow.
That Power who bids the ocean ebb and flow. Pope.
2. To return or fall back from a better to a worse state; to decline;
to decay; to recede.
The hours of life ebb fast. Blackmore.
Syn. -- To recede; retire; withdraw; decay; decrease; wane; sink;
lower.
Ebb
Ebb, v. t. To cause to flow back. [Obs.] Ford.
Ebb
Ebb, a. Receding; going out; falling; shallow; low.
The water there is otherwise very low and ebb. Holland.
Ebb tide
Ebb" tide` (?). The reflux of tide water; the retiring tide; --
opposed to flood tide.
Ebionite
E"bi*o*nite (?), n. [Heb. ebyon\'c6m poor people.] (Eccl. Hist.) One
of a sect of heretics, in the first centuries of the church, whose
doctrine was a mixture of Judaism and Christianity. They denied the
divinity of Christ, regarding him as an inspired messenger, and
rejected much of the New Testament.
Ebionitism
E"bi*o*ni`tism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The system or doctrine of the
Ebionites.
Eblanin
Eb"la*nin (?), n. (Chem.) See Pyroxanthin.
Eblis
Eb"lis (?), n. [Ar. iblis.] (Moham. Myth.) The prince of the evil
spirits; Satan. [Written also Eblees.]
Ebon
Eb"on (?), a.
1. Consisting of ebony.
2. Like ebony, especially in color; black; dark.
Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne. Young.
Ebon
Eb"on, n. Ebony. [Poetic] "Framed of ebon and ivory." Sir W. Scott.
Ebonist
Eb"on*ist (?), n. One who works in ebony.
Ebonite
Eb"on*ite (?), n. (Chem.) A hard, black variety of vulcanite. It may
be cut and polished, and is used for many small articles, as combs and
buttons, and for insulating material in electric apparatus.
Ebonize
Eb"on*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ebonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ebonizing.] To make black, or stain black, in imitation of ebony; as,
to ebonize wood.
Ebony
Eb"on*y (?), n.; pl. Ebonies (#). [F. \'82b\'8ane, L. ebenus, fr. Gr.
hobn\'c6m, pl. Cf. Ebon.] A hard, heavy, and durable wood, which
admits of a fine polish or gloss. The usual color is black, but it
also occurs red or green.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fi nest black ebony is the heartwood of Diospyros
reticulata, of the Mauritius. Other species of the same genus (D.
Ebenum, Melanoxylon, etc.), furnish the ebony of the East Indies
and Ceylon. The West Indian green ebony is from a leguminous tree
(Brya Ebenus), and from the Exc\'91caria glandulosa.
Ebony
Eb"on*y, a. Made of ebony, or resembling ebony; black; as, an ebony
countenance.
This ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling. Poe.
Ebracteate
E*brac"te*ate (?), a. [Pref. e- + bracteate.] (Bot.) Without bracts.
Ebracteolate
E*brac"te*o*late (?), a. [Pref. e- + bracteolate.] (Bot.) Without
bracteoles, or little bracts; -- said of a pedicel or flower stalk.
Ebrauke
E*brau"ke (?), a. [L. Hebraicus: cf. F. H\'82bra\'8bque.] Hebrew.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Ebriety
E*bri"e*ty (?), n.; pl. Ebrieties (#). [L. ebrietas, from. ebrius
intoxicated: cf. F. \'82bri\'82te. Cf. So.] Drunkenness; intoxication
by spirituous liquors; inebriety. "Ruinous ebriety." Cowper.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 468
Ebrillade
E*bril"lade (?), n. [F.] (Man.) A bridle check; a jerk of one rein,
given to a horse when he refuses to turn.
Ebriosity
E`bri*os"i*ty (?), n. [L. ebriositas, from ebriousus given to
drinking, fr. ebrius. See Ebriety.] Addiction to drink; habitual
drunkenness.
Ebrious
E"bri*ous (?), a. [L. ebrius.] Inclined to drink to excess;
intoxicated; tipsy. [R.] M. Collins.
Ebulliate
E*bul"li*ate (?), v. i. To boil or bubble up. [Obs.] Prynne.
Ebullience; 106, Ebulliency
E*bul"lience (?; 106), E*bul"lien*cy (?), n. A boiling up or over;
effervescence. Cudworth.
Ebullient
E*bul"lient (?), a. [L. ebulliens, -entis, p. pr. of ebullire to boil
up, bubble up; e out, from + bullire to boil. See 1st Boil.] Boiling
up or over; hence, manifesting exhilaration or excitement, as of
feeling; effervescing. "Ebullient with subtlety." De Quincey.
The ebullient enthusiasm of the French. Carlyle.
Ebullioscope
E*bul"li*o*scope (?), n. [L. ebullire to boil up + -scope.] (Phys.
Chem.) An instrument for observing the boiling point of liquids,
especially for determining the alcoholic strength of a mixture by the
temperature at which it boils.
Ebullition
Eb`ul*li"tion (?), n. [F. \'82bullition, L. ebullitio, fr. ebullire.
See Ebullient.]
1. A boiling or bubbling up of a liquid; the motion produced in a
liquid by its rapid conversion into vapor.
2. Effervescence occasioned by fermentation or by any other process
which causes the liberation of a gas or an a\'89riform fluid, as in
the mixture of an acid with a carbonated alkali. [Formerly written
bullition.]
3. A sudden burst or violent display; an outburst; as, an ebullition
of anger or ill temper.
Eburin
Eb"ur*in (?), n. A composition of dust of ivory or of bone with a
cement; -- used for imitations of valuable stones and in making
moldings, seals, etc. Knight.
Eburnation
E`bur*na"tion (?), n. [L. eburnus of ivory, fr. ebur ivory: cf. F.
\'82burnation. See Ivory.] (Med.) A condition of bone cartilage
occurring in certain diseases of these tissues, in which they acquire
an unnatural density, and come to resemble ivory.
Eburnean
E*bur"ne*an (?), a. [L. eburneus, fr. ebur ivory. See Ivory.] Made of
or relating to ivory.
Eburnification
E*bur`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. eburnus of ivory (fr. ebur ivory) +
facere to make.] The conversion of certain substances into others
which have the appearance or characteristics of ivory.
Eburnine
Eb"ur*nine (?), a. Of or pertaining to ivory. "[She] read from tablet
eburnine." Sir W. Scott.
Ecardines
E*car"di*nes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. e out, without + cardo a hinge.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of Brachiopoda; the Lyopomata. See Brachiopoda.
\'90cart\'82
\'90`car`t\'82" (?), n. [F., prop. fr. \'82carter to reject, discard.]
A game at cards, played usually by two persons, in which the players
may discard any or all of the cards dealt and receive others from the
pack.
Ecaudate
E*cau"date (?), a. [Pref. e- + caudate.]
1. (Bot.) Without a tail or spur.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Tailless.
Ecballium
Ec*bal"li*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Ecbole.] (Bot.) A genus of
cucurbitaceous plants consisting of the single species Ecballium
agreste (or Elaterium), the squirting cucumber. Its fruit, when ripe,
bursts and violently ejects its seeds, together with a mucilaginous
juice, from which elaterium, a powerful cathartic medicine, is
prepared.
Ecbasis
Ec"ba*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure in which the orator
treats of things according to their events consequences.
Ecbatic
Ec*bat"ic (?), a. [See Ecbasis.] (Gram.) Denoting a mere result or
consequence, as distinguished from telic, which denotes intention or
purpose; thus the phrase so that it was fulfilled," is ecbatic; if
rendered "in order that it might be." etc., is telic.
Ecbole
Ec"bo*le (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A digression in which a person
is introduced speaking his own words.
Ecbolic
Ec*bol"ic (?), n. [See Ecbole.] (Med.) A drug, as ergot, which by
exciting uterine contractions promotes the expulsion of the contents
of the uterus.
Ecboline
Ec"bo*line (?; 104), n. [Gr. (Chem.) An alkaloid constituting the
active principle of ergot; -- so named from its power of producing
abortion.
Eccaleobion
Ec`ca*le*o"bi*on (?), n. [Gr. A contrivance for hatching eggs by
artificial heat.
Ecce homo
Ec"ce ho"mo (?). [L., behold the man. See John xix. 5.] (Paint.) A
picture which represents the Savior as given up to the people by
Pilate, and wearing a crown of thorns.
Eccentric
Ec*cen"tric (?), a. [F. excentrique, formerly also spelled
eccentrique, fr. LL. eccentros out of the center, eccentric, Gr. Ex-,
and Center, and cf. Excentral.]
1. Deviating or departing from the center, or from the line of a
circle; as, an eccentric or elliptical orbit; pertaining to deviation
from the center or from true circular motion.
2. Not having the same center; -- said of circles, ellipses, spheres,
etc., which, though coinciding, either in whole or in part, as to area
or volume, have not the same center; -- opposed to concentric.
3. (Mach.) Pertaining to an eccentric; as, the eccentric rod in a
steam engine.
4. Not coincident as to motive or end.
His own ends, which must needs be often eccentric to those of his
master. Bacon.
5. Deviating from stated methods, usual practice, or established forms
or laws; deviating from an appointed sphere or way; departing from the
usual course; irregular; anomalous; odd; as, eccentric conduct. "This
brave and eccentric young man." Macaulay.
He shines eccentric, like a comet's blaze. Savage.
Eccentric anomaly. (Astron.) See Anomaly. -- Eccentric chuck (Mach.),
a lathe chuck so constructed that the work held by it may be altered
as to its center of motion, so as to produce combinations of eccentric
combinations of eccentric circles. -- Eccentric gear. (Mach.) (a) The
whole apparatus, strap, and other parts, by which the motion of an
eccentric is transmitted, as in the steam engine. (b) A cogwheel set
to turn about an eccentric axis used to give variable rotation. --
Eccentric hook OR gab, a hook-shaped journal box on the end of an
eccentric rod, opposite the strap. -- Eccentric rod, the rod that
connects as eccentric strap with any part to be acted upon by the
eccentric. -- Eccentric sheave, OR Eccentric pulley, an eccentric. --
Eccentric strap, the ring, operating as a journal box, that encircles
and receives motion from an eccentric; -- called also eccentric hoop.
Syn. -- Irregular; anomalous; singular; odd; peculiar; erratic;
idiosyncratic; strange; whimsical.
Eccentric
Ec*cen"tric (?), n.
1. A circle not having the same center as another contained in some
measure within the first.
2. One who, or that which, deviates from regularity; an anomalous or
irregular person or thing.
3. (Astron.) (a) In the Ptolemaic system, the supposed circular orbit
of a planet about the earth, but with the earth not in its center. (b)
A circle described about the center of an elliptical orbit, with half
the major axis for radius. Hutton.
4. (Mach.) A disk or wheel so arranged upon a shaft that the center of
the wheel and that of the shaft do not coincide. It is used for
operating valves in steam engines, and for other purposes. The motion
derived is precisely that of a crank having the same throw.
Back eccentric, the eccentric that reverses or backs the valve gear
and the engine. -- Fore eccentric, the eccentric that imparts a
forward motion to the valve gear and the engine.
Eccentrical
Ec*cen"tric*al (?), a. See Eccentric.
Eccentrically
Ec*cen"tric*al*ly, adv. In an eccentric manner.
Drove eccentrically here and there. Lew Wallace.
Eccentricity
Ec`cen*tric"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Eccentricities (#). [Cf. F.
excentricit\'82.]
1. The state of being eccentric; deviation from the customary line of
conduct; oddity.
2. (Math.) The ratio of the distance between the center and the focus
of an ellipse or hyperbola to its semi-transverse axis.
3. (Astron.) The ratio of the distance of the center of the orbit of a
heavenly body from the center of the body round which it revolves to
the semi-transverse axis of the orbit.
4. (Mech.) The distance of the center of figure of a body, as of an
eccentric, from an axis about which it turns; the throw.
Ecchymose
Ec"chy*mose (?), v. t. (Med.) To discolor by the production of an
ecchymosis, or effusion of blood, beneath the skin; -- chiefly used in
the passive form; as, the parts were much ecchymosed.
Ecchymosis
Ec`chy*mo"sis (?), n.; pl. Ecchymoses (. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A livid
or black and blue spot, produced by the extravasation or effusion of
blood into the areolar tissue from a contusion.
Ecchymotic
Ec`chy*mot"ic (?), a. Pertaining to ecchymosis.
Eccle
Ec"cle (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European green woodpecker; -- also
called ecall, eaquall, yaffle. [Prov. Eng.]
Ecclesia
Ec*cle"si*a (?), n.; pl. Ecclesi\'91 (. [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Gr. Antiq.) The public legislative assembly of the Athenians.
2. (Eccl.) A church, either as a body or as a building.
Ecclesial
Ec*cle"si*al (?), a. Ecclesiastical. [Obs.] Milton.
Ecclesiarch
Ec*cle"si*arch (?), n. [LL. ecclesiarcha, fr. Gr. eccl\'82siarque.] An
official of the Eastern Church, resembling a sacrist in the Western
Church.
Ecclesiast
Ec*cle"si*ast (?), n.
1. An ecclesiastic. Chaucer.
2. The Apocryphal book of Ecclesiasticus. [Obs.]
Ecclesiastes
Ec*cle`si*as"tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Ecclesiastic, a.] One of the
canonical books of the Old Testament.
Ecclesiastic
Ec*cle`si*as"tic (?; 277), a. [L. ecclesiasticus, Gr. Ex-, and Hale,
v. t., Haul.] Of or pertaining to the church. See Ecclesiastical.
"Ecclesiastic government." Swift.
Ecclesiastic
Ec*cle`si*as"tic, n. A person in holy orders, or consecrated to the
service of the church and the ministry of religion; a clergyman; a
priest.
From a humble ecclesiastic, he was subsequently preferred to the
highest dignities of the church. Prescott.
Ecclesiastical
Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al (?), a. [See Ecclesiastical, a.] Of or pertaining
to the church; relating to the organization or government of the
church; not secular; as, ecclesiastical affairs or history;
ecclesiastical courts.
Every circumstance of ecclesiastical order and discipline was an
abomination. Cowper.
Ecclesiastical commissioners for England, a permanent commission
established by Parliament in 1836, to consider and report upon the
affairs of the Established Church. -- Ecclesiastical courts, courts
for maintaining the discipline of the Established Church; -- called
also Christian courts. [Eng.] -- Ecclesiastical law, a combination of
civil and canon law as administered in ecclesiastical courts. [Eng.]
-- Ecclesiastical modes (Mus.), the church modes, or the scales
anciently used. -- Ecclesiastical States, the territory formerly
subject to the Pope of Rome as its temporal ruler; -- called also
States of the Church.<-- and Papal States. -->
Ecclesiastically
Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In an ecclesiastical manner;
according ecclesiastical rules.
Ecclesiasticism
Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cism (?), n. Strong attachment to ecclesiastical
usages, forms, etc.
Ecclesiasticus
Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cus (?), n. [L.] A book of the Apocrypha.
Ecclesiological
Ec*cle`si*o*log"ic*al (?), a. Belonging to ecclesiology.
Ecclesiologist
Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in ecclesiology.
Ecclesiology
Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Ecclesia + -logy.] The science or theory of
church building and decoration.
Eccritic
Ec*crit"ic (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) A remedy which promotes discharges, as
an emetic, or a cathartic.
Ecderon
Ec"der*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) See Ecteron. -- Ec`der*on"ic
(#), a.
Ecdysis
Ec"dy*sis (?), n.; pl. Ecdyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`kdysis a getting
out, fr. 'ekdy`ein, to put off; 'ek out + dy`ein to enter.] (Biol.)
The act of shedding, or casting off, an outer cuticular layer, as in
the case of serpents, lobsters, etc.; a coming out; as, the ecdysis of
the pupa from its shell; exuviation.
Ecgonine
Ec"go*nine (?; 104), n. [Gr. 'e`kgonos sprung from.] (Chem.) A
colorless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the
decomposition of cocaine.
(?), n. [F.] A small chamber or place of protection for a sentinel, usually in
the form of a projecting turret, or the like. See Castle.
Eche
Ech"e (?), a. OR a. pron. Each. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Echelon
Ech"e*lon (?), n. [F., fr. \'82chelle ladder, fr. L. scala.]
1. (Mil.) An arrangement of a body of troops when its divisions are
drawn up in parallel lines each to the right or the left of the one in
advance of it, like the steps of a ladder in position for climbing.
Also used adjectively; as, echelon distance. Upton (Tactics).
2. (Naval) An arrangement of a fleet in a wedge or Encyc. Dict.
Echelon lens (Optics), a large lens constructed in several parts or
layers, extending in a succession of annular rings beyond the central
lens; -- used in lighthouses.
Echelon
Ech"e*lon (?), v. t. (Mil.) To place in echelon; to station divisions
of troops in echelon.
Echelon
Ech"e*lon, v. i. To take position in echelon.
Change direction to the left, echelon by battalion from the right.
Upton (Tactics).
Echidna
E*chid"na (?), n. [L., a viper, adder, Gr.
1. (Gr. Myth.) A monster, half maid and half serpent.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Monotremata found in Australia, Tasmania, and
New Guinea. They are toothless and covered with spines; -- called also
porcupine ant-eater, and Australian ant-eater.
Echidnine
E*chid"nine (?; 104), n. [See Echidna.] (Chem.) The clear, viscid
fluid secreted by the poison glands of certain serpents; also, a
nitrogenous base contained in this, and supposed to be the active
poisonous principle of the virus. Brande & C.
Echinate, Echinated
Ech"i*nate (?), Ech"i*na`ted (?), a. [L. echinatus. See Echinus.] Set
with prickles; prickly, like a hedgehog; bristled; as, an echinated
pericarp.
Echinid
E*chi"nid (?), a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Echinoid.
Echinidan
E*chin"i*dan (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chinide.] (Zo\'94l.) One the
Echinoidea.
Echinital
E*chin"i*tal (?), a. Of, or like, an echinite.
Echinite
Ech"i*nite (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chinite. See Echinus.] (Paleon.) A
fossil echinoid.
Echinococcus
E*chi`no*coc"cus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A parasite of man
and of many domestic and wild animals, forming compound cysts or
tumors (called hydatid cysts) in various organs, but especially in the
liver and lungs, which often cause death. It is the larval stage of
the T\'91nia echinococcus, a small tapeworm peculiar to the dog.
Echinoderm
E*chin"o*derm` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Echinodermata.
Echinodermal
E*chi`no*der"mal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Relating or belonging to the
echinoderms.
Echinodermata
E*chi`no*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
grand divisions of the animal kingdom. By many writers it was formerly
included in the Radiata. [Written also Echinoderma.]
_________________________________________________________________
Page 469
NOTE: &hand; Th e sp ecies us ually ha ve an ex terior ca lcareous
skeleton, or shell, made of many pieces, and often covered with
spines, to which the name. They may be star-shaped, cylindrical,
disk-shaped, or more or less spherical. The body consists of
several similar parts (spheromeres) repeated symmetrically around a
central axis, at one end of which the mouth is situated. They
generally have suckers for locomotion. The group includes the
following classes: Crinoidea, Asterioidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea,
and Holothurioidea. See these words in the Vocabulary, and also
Ambulacrum.
Echinodermatous
E*chi`no*der"ma*tous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Relating to Echinodermata;
echinodermal.
Echinoid
E*chi"noid (?), a. [Echinus + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
the Echinoidea. -- n. One of the Echinoidea.
Echinoidea
Ech`i*noi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Echinus, and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) The
class Echinodermata which includes the sea urchins. They have a
calcareous, usually more or less spheroidal or disk-shaped, composed
of many united plates, and covered with movable spines. See
Spatangoid, Clypeastroid. [Written also Echinidea, and Echinoida.]
Echinozoa
E*chi`no*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The Echinodermata.
Echinulate
E*chin"u*late (?), a. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Set with small spines or
prickles.
Echinus
E*chi"nus (?), n.; pl. Echini (#). [L., a hedgehog, sea urchin, Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A hedgehog.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of echinoderms, including the common edible sea
urchin of Europe.
3. (Arch.) (a) The rounded molding forming the bell of the capital of
the Grecian Doric style, which is of a peculiar elastic curve. See
Entablature. (b) The quarter-round molding (ovolo) of the Roman Doric
style. See Illust. of Column (c) A name sometimes given to the egg and
anchor or egg and dart molding, because that ornament is often
identified with Roman Doric capital. The name probably alludes to the
shape of the shell of the sea urchin.
Echiuroidea
Ech`i*u*roi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. echiurus, the name of one genus
(Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Annelida which includes the genus
Echiurus and allies. They are often classed among the Gephyrea, and
called the armed Gephyreans.
Echo
Ech"o (?), n.; pl. Echoes (#). [L. echo, Gr. v\'be to sound, bellow;
perh. akin to E. voice: cf. F. \'82cho.]
1. A sound reflected from an opposing surface and repeated to the ear
of a listener; repercussion of sound; repetition of a sound.
The babbling echo mocks the hounds. Shak.
The woods shall answer, and the echo ring. Pope.
2. Fig.: Sympathetic recognition; response; answer.
Fame is the echo of actions, resounding them. Fuller.
Many kind, and sincere speeches found an echo in his heart. R. L.
Stevenson.
3. (a) (Myth. & Poetic) A wood or mountain nymph, regarded as
repeating, and causing the reverberation of them.
Sweet Echo, sweetest nymph, that liv'st unseen Within thy airy
shell. Milton.
(b) (Gr. Myth.) A nymph, the daughter of Air and Earth, who, for love
of Narcissus, pined away until nothing was left of her but her voice.
Compelled me to awake the courteous Echo To give me answer from her
mossy couch. Milton.
Echo organ (Mus.), a set organ pipes inclosed in a box so as to
produce a soft, distant effect; -- generally superseded by the swell.
-- Echo stop (Mus.), a stop upon a harpsichord contrived for producing
the soft effect of distant sound. -- To applaud to the echo, to give
loud and continuous applause. M. Arnold.
I would applaud thee to the very echo, That should applaud again.
Shak.
Echo
Ech"o, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Echoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Echoing. -- 3d
pers. sing. pres. Echoes (.]
1. To send back (a sound); to repeat in sound; to reverberate.
Those peals are echoed by the Trojan throng. Dryden.
The wondrous sound Is echoed on forever. Keble.
2. To repeat with assent; to respond; to adopt.
They would have echoed the praises of the men whom they Macaulay.
Echo
Ech"o, v. i. To give an echo; to resound; to be sounded back; as, the
hall echoed with acclamations. "Echoing noise." Blackmore.
Echoer
Ech"o*er (?), n. One who, or that which, echoes.
Echoless
Ech"o*less, a. Without echo or response.
Echometer
E*chom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter: cf. F. \'82chom\'8atre.] (Mus) A
graduated scale for measuring the duration of sounds, and determining
their different, and the relation of their intervals. J. J. Rousseau.
Echometry
E*chom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82chom\'82trie.]
1. The art of measuring the duration of sounds or echoes.
2. The art of constructing vaults to produce echoes.
Echon, Echoon
Ech*on" (?), Ech*oon" (?), pron. Each one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Echoscope
Ech"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for
intensifying sounds produced by percussion of the thorax. Knight.
(?), n. [F.] (Cookery) A kind of frosted cake, containing flavored cream.
Eclaircise
E*clair"cise (?), v. t. [F. \'82claircir; pref. es- (L. ex) + clair
clear, L. clarus.] To make clear; to clear up what is obscure or not
understood; to explain.
Eclaircissement
E*clair"cisse*ment (?), n. [F., fr. \'82claircir. See Eclaircise, v.
t.] The clearing up of anything which is obscure or not easily
understood; an explanation.
The eclaircissement ended in the discovery of the informer.
Clarendon.
Eclampsia
Ec*lamp"si*a (?), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) A fancied perception of
flashes of light, a symptom of epilepsy; hence, epilepsy itself;
convulsions.
NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm is ge nerally re stricted to a convulsive
affection attending pregnancy and parturition, and to infantile
convulsions.
Eclampsy
Ec*lamp"sy (?), n. (Med.) Same as Eclampsia.
Eclat
E*clat" (?), n. [F. \'82clat a fragment, splinter, explosion,
brilliancy, splendor, fr. \'82clater to splinter, burst, explode,
shine brilliantly, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. sleizan to slit,
split, fr. sl\'c6zan, G. schleissen; akin to E. slit.]
1. Brilliancy of success or effort; splendor; brilliant show; striking
effect; glory; renown. "The eclat of Homer's battles." Pope.
2. Demonstration of admiration and approbation; applause. Prescott.
Eclectic
Ec*lec"tic (?), a. [Gr. \'82clectique. See Eclogue, and cf. Elect.]
1. Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent in doctrines,
opinions, etc.) from various sources or systems; as, an eclectic
philosopher.
2. Consisting, or made up, of what is chosen or selected; as, an
eclectic method; an eclectic magazine.
Eclectic physician, one of a class of practitioners of medicine, who
select their modes of practice and medicines from all schools;
formerly, sometimes the same as botanic physician. [U.S.] -- Eclectic
school. (Paint.) See Bolognese school, under Bolognese.
Eclectic
Ec*lec"tic (?), n. One who follows an eclectic method.
Eclectically
Ec*lec"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In an eclectic manner; by an eclectic
method.
Eclecticism
Ec*lec"ti*cism (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82clecticisme. Cf. Electicism.]
Theory or practice of an eclectic.
Eclegm
Ec*legm" (?), n. [F. \'82clegme, L. ecligma, fr. Gr. (Med.) A medicine
made by mixing oils with sirups. John Quincy.
Eclipse
E*clipse" (?), n. [F. \'82clipse, L. eclipsis, fr. Gr. Ex-, and Loan.]
1. (Astron.) An interception or obscuration of the light of the sun,
moon, or other luminous body, by the intervention of some other body,
either between it and the eye, or between the luminous body and that
illuminated by it. A lunar eclipse is caused by the moon passing
through the earth's shadow; a solar eclipse, by the moon coming
between the sun and the observer. A satellite is eclipsed by entering
the shadow of its primary. The obscuration of a planet or star by the
moon or a planet, though of the nature of an eclipse, is called an
occultation. The eclipse of a small portion of the sun by Mercury or
Venus is called a transit of the planet.
NOTE: &hand; In an cient ti mes, ec lipses we re, an d am ong
unenlightened people they still are, superstitiously regarded as
forerunners of evil fortune, a sentiment of which occasional use is
made in literature.
That fatal and perfidious bark, Built in the eclipse, and rigged
with curses dark. Milton.
2. The loss, usually temporary or partial, of light, brilliancy,
luster, honor, consciousness, etc.; obscuration; gloom; darkness.
All the posterity of our fist parents suffered a perpetual eclipse
of spiritual life. Sir W. Raleigh.
As in the soft and sweet eclipse, When soul meets soul on lovers'
lips. Shelley.
Annular eclipse. (Astron.) See under Annular. -- Cycle of eclipses.
See under Cycle.
Eclipse
E*clipse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eclipsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eclipsing.]
1. To cause the obscuration of; to darken or hide; -- said of a
heavenly body; as, the moon eclipses the sun.
2. To obscure, darken, or extinguish the beauty, luster, honor, etc.,
of; to sully; to cloud; to throw into the shade by surpassing. "His
eclipsed state." Dryden.
My joy of liberty is half eclipsed. Shak.
Eclipse
E*clipse", v. i. To suffer an eclipse.
While the laboring moon Eclipses at their charms. Milton.
Ecliptic
E*clip"tic (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82cliptique, L. linea ecliptica, Gr.
Ecliptic, a.]
1. (Astron.) A great circle of the celestial sphere, making an angle
with the equinoctial of about 23° 28\'b7. It is the apparent path of
the sun, or the real path of the earth as seen from the sun.
2. (Geog.) A great circle drawn on a terrestrial globe, making an
angle of 23° 28\'b7 with the equator; -- used for illustrating and
solving astronomical problems.
Ecliptic
E*clip"tic, a. [L. eclipticus belonging to an eclipse, Gr. Eclipse.]
1. Pertaining to the ecliptic; as, the ecliptic way.
2. Pertaining to an eclipse or to eclipses.
Lunar ecliptic limit (Astron.), the space of 12° on the moon's orbit
from the node, within which, if the moon happens to be at full, it
will be eclipsed. -- Solar ecliptic limit, the space of 17° from the
lunar node, within which, if a conjunction of the sun and moon occur,
the sun will be eclipsed.
Eclogite
Ec"lo*gite (?), n. [See Ecloque.] (Min.) A rock consisting of granular
red garnet, light green smaragdite, and common hornblende; -- so
called in reference to its beauty.
Eclogue
Ec"logue (?), n. [L. ecloga, Gr. \'82gloque, \'82cloque. See Ex-, and
Legend.] A pastoral poem, in which shepherds are introduced conversing
with each other; a bucolic; an idyl; as, the Ecloques of Virgil, from
which the modern usage of the word has been established.
Economic; 277, Economical
E`co*nom"ic (?; 277), E`co*nom"ic*al (?), a. [F. \'82conomique, L.
oeconomicus orderly, methodical, Gr. Economy.]
1. Pertaining to the household; domestic. "In this economical
misfortune [of ill-assorted matrimony.]" Milton.
2. Relating to domestic economy, or to the management of household
affairs.
And doth employ her economic art And busy care, her household to
preserve. Sir J. Davies.
3. Managing with frugality; guarding against waste or unnecessary
expense; careful and frugal in management and in expenditure; -- said
of character or habits.
Just rich enough, with economic care, To save a pittance. Harte.
4. Managed with frugality; not marked with waste or extravagance;
frugal; -- said of acts; saving; as, an economical use of money or of
time.
5. Relating to the means of living, or the resources and wealth of a
country; relating to political economy; as, economic purposes;
economical truths.
These matters economical and political. J. C. Shairp.
There was no economical distress in England to prompt the
enterprises of colonization. Palfrey.
Economic questions, such as money, usury, taxes, lands, and the
employment of the people. H. C. Baird.
6. Regulative; relating to the adaptation of means to an end. Grew.
NOTE: &hand; Ec onomical is th e us ual fo rm when meaning frugal,
saving; economic is the form commonly used when meaning pertaining
to the management of a household, or of public affairs.
Economically
E`co*nom"ic*al*ly (?), adv. With economy; with careful management;
with prudence in expenditure.
Economics
E`co*nom"ics (?), n. [Gr. Economic.]
1. The science of household affairs, or of domestic management.
2. Political economy; the science of the utilities or the useful
application of wealth or material resources. See Political economy,
under Political. "In politics and economics." V. Knox.
Economist
E*con"o*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82conomiste.]
1. One who economizes, or manages domestic or other concerns with
frugality; one who expends money, time, or labor, judiciously, and
without waste. "Economists even to parsimony." Burke.
2. One who is conversant with political economy; a student of
economics.
Economization
E*con`o*mi*za"tion (?), n. The act or practice of using to the best
effect. [R.] H. Spenser.
Economize
E*con"o*mize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Economized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Economizing.] [Cf. F. \'82conomiser.] To manage with economy; to use
with prudence; to expend with frugality; as, to economize one's
income. [Written also economise.]
Expenses in the city were to be economized. Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Calculating how to economize time. W. Irving.
Economize
E*con"o*mize, v. i. To be prudently sparing in expenditure; to be
frugal and saving; as, to economize in order to grow rich. [Written
also economise.] Milton.
Economizer
E*con"o*mi`zer (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, economizes.
2. Specifically: (Steam Boilers) An arrangement of pipes for heating
feed water by waste heat in the gases passing to the chimney.
Economy
E*con"o*my (?), n.; pl. Economies (#). [F. \'82conomie, L. oeconomia
household management, fr. Gr. vicus village, E. vicinity) + Vicinity,
Nomad.]
1. The management of domestic affairs; the regulation and government
of household matters; especially as they concern expense or
disbursement; as, a careful economy.
Himself busy in charge of the household economies. Froude.
2. Orderly arrangement and management of the internal affairs of a
state or of any establishment kept up by production and consumption;
esp., such management as directly concerns wealth; as, political
economy.
3. The system of rules and regulations by which anything is managed;
orderly system of regulating the distribution and uses of parts,
conceived as the result of wise and economical adaptation in the
author, whether human or divine; as, the animal or vegetable economy;
the economy of a poem; the Jewish economy.
The position which they [the verb and adjective] hold in the
general economy of language. Earle.
In the Greek poets, as also in Plautus, we shall see the economy .
. . of poems better observed than in Terence. B. Jonson.
The Jews already had a Sabbath, which, as citizens and subjects of
that economy, they were obliged to keep. Paley.
4. Thrifty and frugal housekeeping; management without loss or waste;
frugality in expenditure; prudence and disposition to save; as, a
housekeeper accustomed to economy but not to parsimony.
Political economy. See under Political. Syn. -- Economy, Frugality,
Parsimony. Economy avoids all waste and extravagance, and applies
money to the best advantage; frugality cuts off indulgences, and
proceeds on a system of saving. The latter conveys the idea of not
using or spending superfluously, and is opposed to lavishness or
profusion. Frugality is usually applied to matters of consumption, and
commonly points to simplicity of manners; parsimony is frugality
carried to an extreme, involving meanness of spirit, and a sordid mode
of living. Economy is a virtue, and parsimony a vice.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 470
I have no other notion of economy than that it is the parent to
liberty and ease. Swift.
The father was more given to frugality, and the son to riotousness
[luxuriousness]. Golding.
(?), n. [F.] (Fine Arts) A manikin, or image, representing an animal,
especially man, with the skin removed so that the muscles are exposed for
purposes of study.
(?), n. [F.] (Mus.) A dancing tune in the Scotch style.
Ecostate
E*cos"tate (?), a. [Pref. e- + costate.] (Bot.) Having no ribs or
nerves; -- said of a leaf.
(?), n. [F., a listening place.] (Mil.) One of the small galleries run out in
front of the glacis. They serve to annoy the enemy's miners.
Ecphasis
Ec"pha*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) An explicit declaration.
Ecphonema
Ec`pho*ne"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A breaking out with some
interjectional particle.
Ecphoneme
Ec"pho*neme (?), n. [See Ecphonema.] A mark (!) used to indicate an
exclamation. G. Brown.
Ecphonesis
Ec`pho*ne"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Ecphonema.] (Rhet.) An animated or
passionate exclamation.
The feelings by the ecphonesis are very various. Gibbs.
Ecphractic
Ec*phrac"tic (?), a. [Gr. ecphractique.] (Med.) Serving to dissolve or
attenuate viscid matter, and so to remove obstructions; deobstruent.
-- n. An ecphractic medicine. Harvey.
(?), n. [F.] (Surg.) The operation performed with an \'82craseur.
(?), n. [F., fr. \'82craser to crush.] (Surg.) An instrument intended to
replace the knife in many operations, the parts operated on being severed by
the crushing effect produced by the gradual tightening of a steel chain, so
that hemorrhage rarely follows.
(?), a. [F., fr. L. crudus raw.] Having the color or appearance of unbleached
stuff, as silk, linen, or the like.
Ecstasy
Ec"sta*sy (?), n.; pl. Ecstasies (#). [F. extase, L. ecstasis, fr. Gr.
Ex-, and Stand.] [Also written extasy.]
1. The state of being beside one's self or rapt out of one's self; a
state in which the mind is elevated above the reach of ordinary
impressions, as when under the influence of overpowering emotion; an
extraordinary elevation of the spirit, as when the soul, unconscious
of sensible objects, is supposed to contemplate heavenly mysteries.
Like a mad prophet in an ecstasy. Dryden.
This is the very ecstasy of love. Shak.
2. Excessive and overmastering joy or enthusiasm; rapture;
enthusiastic delight.
He on the tender grass Would sit, and hearken even to ecstasy.
Milton.
3. Violent distraction of mind; violent emotion; excessive grief of
anxiety; insanity; madness. [Obs.]
That unmatched form and feature of blown youth Blasted with
ecstasy. Shak.
Our words will but increase his ecstasy. Marlowe.
4. (Med.) A state which consists in total suspension of sensibility,
of voluntary motion, and largely of mental power. The body is erect
and inflexible; the pulsation and breathing are not affected. Mayne.
Ecstasy
Ec"sta*sy, v. t. To fill ecstasy, or with rapture or enthusiasm.
[Obs.]
The most ecstasied order of holy . . . spirits. Jer. Taylor.
Ecstatic
Ec*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. extatique. See Ecstasy, n.]
1. Pertaining to, or caused by, ecstasy or excessive emotion; of the
nature, or in a state, of ecstasy; as, ecstatic gaze; ecstatic trance.
This ecstatic fit of love and jealousy. Hammond.
2. Delightful beyond measure; rapturous; ravishing; as, ecstatic bliss
or joy.
Ecstatic
Ec*stat"ic, n. An enthusiast. [R.] Gauden.
Ecstatical
Ec*stat"ic*al (?), a.
1. Ecstatic. Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. Tending to external objects. [R.] Norris.
Ecstatically
Ec*stat"ic*al*ly, adv. Rapturously; ravishingly.
Ect-, Ecto-
Ect- (?), Ec"to- (?). [Gr. A combining form signifying without,
outside, external.
Ectad
Ec"tad (?), adv. [Ect- + L. ad towards.] (Anat.) Toward the outside or
surface; -- opposed to entad. B. G. Wilder.
Ectal
Ec"tal (?), a. [See Ect-.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or situated near,
the surface; outer; -- opposed to ental. B. G. Wilder.
Ectasia
Ec*ta"si*a (?), n. [NL. See Ectasis.] (Med.) A dilatation of a hollow
organ or of a canal.
Ectasis
Ec"ta*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Pros.) The lengthening of a syllable
from short to long.
Ectental
Ec*ten"tal (?), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Relating to, or connected with, the
two primitive germ layers, the ectoderm and ectoderm; as, the
"ectental line" or line of juncture of the two layers in the
segmentation of the ovum. C. S. Minot.
Ecteron
Ec"ter*on (?), n. [See Ect-.] (Anat.) The external layer of the skin
and mucous membranes; epithelium; ecderon. -- Ec`ter*on"ic (#), a.
Ectethmoid
Ec*teth"moid (?), a. [Ect- + ethmoid.] (Anat.) External to the
ethmoid; prefrontal.
Ecthlipsis
Ec*thlip"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
1. The dropping out or suppression from a word of a consonant, with or
without a vowel.
2. (Lat. Pros.) The elision of a final m, with the preceding vowel,
before a word beginning with a vowel.
Ecthoreum
Ec`tho*re"um (?), n.; pl. Ecthorea (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The
slender, hollow thread of a nettling cell or cnida. See Nettling cell.
[Written also ecthor\'91um.]
Ecthyma
Ec*thy"ma (?), n.; pl. Ecthymata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A cutaneous
eruption, consisting of large, round pustules, upon an indurated and
inflamed base. Dunglison.
Ecto-
Ec"to- (?). See Ect-.
Ectoblast
Ec"to*blast (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the
blastoderm; the epiblast; the ectoderm. (b) The outer envelope of a
cell; the cell wall. Agassiz.
Ectobronchium
Ec`to*bron"chi*um (?), n.; pl. Ectobronchia (#). [NL. See Ecto-, and
Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the dorsal branches of the main bronchi in
the lungs of birds.
Ectocuneriform, Ectocuniform
Ec`to*cu*ne"ri*form (?), Ec`to*cu"ni*form (?), n. [Ecto- + cuneiform,
cuniform.] (Anat.) One of the bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.
Ectocyst
Ec"to*cyst (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The outside covering of the
Bryozoa.
Ectoderm
Ec"to*derm (?), n. [Ecto- + -derm.] (Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the
blastoderm; epiblast. (b) The external skin or outer layer of an
animal or plant, this being formed in an animal from the epiblast. See
Illust. of Blastoderm.
Ectodermal, Ectodermic
Ec`to*der"mal (?), Ec`to*der"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or relating to the
ectoderm.
Ectolecithal
Ec`to*lec"i*thal (?), a. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) Having the food yolk, at
the commencement of segmentation, in a peripheral position, and the
cleavage process confined to the center of the egg; as, ectolecithal
ova.
Ectomere
Ec"to*mere (?), n. [Ecto- + -mere.] (Biol.) The more transparent
cells, which finally become external, in many segmenting ova, as those
of mammals.
Ectoparasite
Ec`to*par"a*site (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) Any parasite which lives on the
exterior of animals; -- opposed to endoparasite. -- Ec`to*par`a*sit"ic
(#), a.
Ectopia
Ec*to"pi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A morbid displacement of
parts, especially such as is congenial; as, ectopia of the heart, or
of the bladder.
Ectopic
Ec*top"ic (?), a. (Med.) Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an
ectopic organ.
Ectoplasm
Ec"to*plasm (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The outer transparent
layer of protoplasm in a developing ovum. (b) The outer hyaline layer
of protoplasm in a vegetable cell. (c) The ectosarc of protozoan.
Ectoplastic
Ec`to*plas"tic (?), a. [Ecto- + Gr. Pertaining to, or composed of,
ectoplasm.
Ectoprocta
Ec`to*proc"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order of Bryozoa
in which the anus lies outside the circle of tentacles.
Ectopy
Ec"to*py (?), n. (Med.) Same as Ectopia.
Ectorganism
Ect*or"gan*ism (?), n. [Ect- + organism.] (Biol.) An external
parasitic organism.
Ectosarc
Ec"to*sarc (?), n. [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) The semisolid external layer
of protoplasm in some unicellular organisms, as the am\'d2ba;
ectoplasm; exoplasm.
Ectosteal
Ec*tos"te*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to ectostosis; as,
ectosteal ossification.
Ectostosis
Ec`tos*to"sis (?), n. [NL. See Ect-, and Ostosis.] (Physiol.) A
process of bone formation in which ossification takes place in the
perichondrium and either surrounds or gradually replaces the
cartilage.
Ectozoic
Ec`to*zo"ic (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) See Epizoic.
Ectozo\'94n
Ec`to*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl. Ectozoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) See
Epizo\'94n.
Ectropion
Ec*tro"pi*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) An unnatural eversion of the
eyelids.
Ectropium
Ec*tro"pi*um (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as Ectropion.
Ectrotic
Ec*trot"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Having a tendency to prevent the
development of anything, especially of a disease.
Ectypal
Ec"ty*pal (?), a. [L. ectypus worked in high relief, Gr. Type.]
Copied, reproduced as a molding or cast, in contradistinction from the
original model.
Ectype
Ec"type (?), n. [Cf. F. ectype. See Ectypal.]
1. (Classical Arch\'91ol.) (a) A copy, as in pottery, of an artist's
original work. Hence: (b) A work sculptured in relief, as a cameo, or
in bas-relief (in this sense used loosely).
2. A copy from an original; a type of something that has previously
existed.
Some regarded him [Klopstock] as an ectype of the ancient prophets.
Eng. Cyc. .
Ectypography
Ec`ty*pog"ra*phy (?), n. [Ectype + -graphy.] A method of etching in
which the design upon the plate is produced in relief.
Ecumenic, Ecumenical
Ec`u*men"ic (?), Ec`u*men"ic*al (?), a. [L. oecumenicus, Gr. Economy.]
General; universal; in ecclesiastical usage, that which concerns the
whole church; as, an ecumenical council. [Written also .] Ecumenical
Bishop, a title assumed by the popes. -- Ecumenical council. See under
Council.
Ecurie
Ec"u*rie (?), n. [F. See Equerry.] A stable.
Eczema
Ec"ze*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`kzema; "ek out + zei^n to boil.]
(Med.) An inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by the
presence of redness and itching, an eruption of small vesicles, and
the discharge of a watery exudation, which often dries up, leaving the
skin covered with crusts; -- called also tetter, milk crust, and salt
rheum.
Eczematous
Ec*zem"a*tous (?), a. (Med.) Pertaining to eczema; having the
characteristic of eczema.
-ed
-ed (?). The termination of the past participle of regular, or weak,
verbs; also, of analogous participial adjectives from nouns; as,
pigmented; talented.
Edacious
E*da"cious (?), a. [L. edax, edacis, fr. edere to eat.] Given to
eating; voracious; devouring.
Swallowed in the depths of edacious Time. Carlyle.
-- E*da"cious*ly, adv. -- E*da"cious*ness, n.
Edacity
E*dac"i*ty (?), n. [L. edacitas.] Greediness; voracity; ravenousness;
rapacity. Bacon.
Edda
Ed"da (?), n.; pl. Eddas (#). [Icel., lit. great-grandmother (i. e.,
of Scandinavian poetry), so called by Bishop Brynj\'a3lf Sveinsson,
who brought it again to light in 1643.] The religious or mythological
book of the old Scandinavian tribes of German origin, containing two
collections of Sagas (legends, myths) of the old northern gods and
heroes.
NOTE: &hand; Th ere ar e tw o Ed das. Th e ol der, consisting of 39
poems, was reduced to writing from oral tradition in Iceland
between 1050 and 1133. The younger or prose Edda, called also the
Edda of Snorri, is the work of several writers, though usually
ascribed to Snorri Sturleson, who was born in 1178.
Eddaic, Eddic
Ed*da"ic (?), Ed"dic (?), a. Relating to the Eddas; resembling the
Eddas.
Edder
Ed"der (?), n. [See Adder.] (Zo\'94l.) An adder or serpent. [Prov.
Eng.] Wright.
Edder
Ed"der, n. [AS. edor hedge, fence; akin to etar.] Flexible wood worked
into the top of hedge stakes, to bind them together. [Obs.] Tusser.
Edder
Ed"der, v. t. To bind the top interweaving edder; as, to edder a
hedge. [Obs.]
Eddish
Ed"dish (?), n. [AS. edisc; cf. AS. pref. ed- again, anew. Cf. Eddy,
and Arrish.] Aftermath; also, stubble and stubble field. See Arrish.
[Eng.]
Eddoes
Ed"does (?), n. pl. (Bot.) The tubers of Colocasia antiquorum. See
Taro.
Eddy
Ed"dy (?), n.; pl. Eddies (#). [Prob. fr. Icel. i; cf. Icel. pref. i
back, AS. ed-, OS. idug-, OHG. ita-; Goth. id-.]
1. A current of air or water running back, or in a direction contrary
to the main current.
2. A current of water or air moving in a circular direction; a
whirlpool.
And smiling eddies dimpled on the main. Dryden.
Wheel through the air, in circling eddies play. Addison.
NOTE: Used also adjectively; as, eddy winds.
Dryden.
Eddy
Ed"dy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eddied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eddying.] To
move as an eddy, or as in an eddy; to move in a circle.
Eddying round and round they sink. Wordsworth.
Eddy
Ed"dy, v. t. To collect as into an eddy. [R.]
The circling mountains eddy in From the bare wild the dissipated
storm. Thomson.
Edelweiss
E"del*weiss (?), n. [G., fr. edel noble + weiss white.] (Bot.) A
little, perennial, white, woolly plant (Leontopodium alpinum), growing
at high elevations in the Alps.<-- = the national flower of Austria
-->
Edema
E*de"ma (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) Same as \'d2dema.
Edematous, OR Edematose
E*de"ma*tous (?), OR E*de"ma*tose` (?), a. (Med.) Same as
\'d2dematous.
Eden
E"den (?), n. [Heb. \'c7den delight, pleasure; also, a place of
pleasure, Eden.] The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a
delightful region or residence.
Edenic
E*den"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Eden; paradisaic. "Edenic joys."
Mrs. Browning.
Edenite
E"den*ite (?), n. [From Edenville, N. Y.] (Min.) A variety of
amphibole. See Amphibole.
Edenized
E"den*ized (?), a. Admitted to a state of paradisaic happiness. [R.]
Davies (Wit's Pilgr. ).
Edental
E*den"tal (?), a. See Edentate, a. -- n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the
Edentata.
Edentalous
E*den"tal*ous (?), a. See Edentate, a.
Edentata
E`den*ta"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. from L. edentatus, p. p. of
edentare to render toothless; e out + dens, dentis, tooth.] (Zo\'94l.)
An order of mammals including the armadillos, sloths, and anteaters;
-- called also Bruta. The incisor teeth are rarely developed, and in
some groups all the teeth are lacking.
Edentate
E*den"tate (?), a.
1. Destitute of teeth; as, an edentate quadruped; an edentate leaf.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Edentata.
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Edentate
E*den"tate (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Edentata.
Edentated
E*den`ta*ted (?), a. Same as Edentate, a.
Edentation
E`den*ta"tion (?), n. A depriving of teeth. [R.] Cockeram.
Edentulous
E*den"tu*lous (?; 135), a. [L. edentulus; e out + dens, dentis,
tooth.] Toothless.
Edge
Edge (?), n. [OE. eg, egge, AS. ecg; akin to OHG. ekka, G. ecke, Icel.
& Sw. egg, Dan. eg, and to L. acies, Gr. a edge. Egg, v. t., Eager,
Ear spike of corn, Acute.]
1. The thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument; as, the edge
of an ax, knife, sword, or scythe. Hence, figuratively, that which
cuts as an edge does, or wounds deeply, etc.
He which hath the sharp sword with two edges. Rev. ii. 12.
Slander, Whose edge is sharper than the sword. Shak.
2. Any sharp terminating border; a margin; a brink; extreme verge; as,
the edge of a table, a precipice.
Upon the edge of yonder coppice. Shak.
In worst extremes, and on the perilous edge Of battle. Milton.
Pursue even to the very edge of destruction. Sir W. Scott.
3. Sharpness; readiness of fitness to cut; keenness; intenseness of
desire.
The full edge of our indignation. Sir W. Scott.
Death and persecution lose all the ill that they can have, if we do
not set an edge upon them by our fears and by our vices. Jer.
Taylor.
4. The border or part adjacent to the line of division; the beginning
or early part; as, in the edge of evening. "On the edge of winter."
Milton.
Edge joint (Carp.), a joint formed by two edges making a corner. --
Edge mill, a crushing or grinding mill in which stones roll around on
their edges, on a level circular bed; -- used for ore, and as an oil
mill. Called also Chilian mill. -- Edge molding (Arch.), a molding
whose section is made up of two curves meeting in an angle. -- Edge
plane. (a) (Carp.) A plane for edging boards. (b) (Shoemaking) A plane
for edging soles. -- Edge play, a kind of swordplay in which
backswords or cutlasses are used, and the edge, rather than the point,
is employed. -- Edge rail. (Railroad) (a) A rail set on edge; --
applied to a rail of more depth than width. (b) A guard rail by the
side of the main rail at a switch. Knight. -- Edge railway, a railway
having the rails set on edge. -- Edge stone, a curbstone. -- Edge
tool. (a) Any tool instrument having a sharp edge intended for
cutting. (b) A tool for forming or dressing an edge; an edging tool.
-- To be on edge, to be eager, impatient, or anxious. -- To set the
teeth on edge, to cause a disagreeable tingling sensation in the
teeth, as by bringing acids into contact with them. Bacon.
Edge
Edge (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Edging.]
1. To furnish with an edge as a tool or weapon; to sharpen.
To edge her champion's sword. Dryden.
2. To shape or dress the edge of, as with a tool.
3. To furnish with a fringe or border; as, to edge a dress; to edge a
garden with box.
Hills whose tops were edged with groves. Pope.
4. To make sharp or keen, figuratively; to incite; to exasperate; to
goad; to urge or egg on. [Obs.]
By such reasonings, the simple were blinded, and the malicious
edged. Hayward.
5. To move by little and little or cautiously, as by pressing forward
edgewise; as, edging their chairs forwards. Locke.
Edge
Edge, v. i.
1. To move sideways; to move gradually; as, edge along this way.
2. To sail close to the wind.
I must edge up on a point of wind. Dryden.
To edge away OR off (Naut.), to increase the distance gradually from
the shore, vessel, or other object. -- To edge down (Naut.), to
approach by slow degrees, as when a sailing vessel approaches an
object in an oblique direction from the windward. -- To edge in, to
get in edgewise; to get in by degrees. -- To edge in with, as with a
coast or vessel (Naut.), to advance gradually, but not directly,
toward it.
Edgebone
Edge"bone` (?), n. Same as Aitchbone.
Edgeless
Edge"less, a. Without an edge; not sharp; blunt; obtuse; as, an
edgeless sword or weapon.
Edgelong
Edge"long (?; 115), adv. In the direction of the edge. [Obs.]
Three hundred thousand pieces have you stuck Edgelong into the
ground. B. Jonson.
Edgeshot
Edge"shot (?), a. (Carp.) Having an edge planed, -- said of a board.
Knight.
Edgeways, Edgewise
Edge"ways (?), Edge"wise (?), adv. With the edge towards anything; in
the direction of the edge.
Glad to get in a word, as they say, edgeways. Sir W. Scott.
Edging
Edg"ing (?), n.
1. That which forms an edge or border, as the fringe, trimming, etc.,
of a garment, or a border in a garden. Dryden.
2. The operation of shaping or dressing the edge of anything, as of a
piece of metal.
Edging machine, a machine tool with a revolving cutter, for dressing
edges, as of boards, or metal plates, to a pattern or templet.
Edgingly
Edg"ing*ly, adv. Gradually; gingerly. [R.]
Edgy
Edg"y (?), a. [From Edge.]
1. Easily irritated; sharp; as, an edgy temper.
2. (Fine Arts) Having some of the forms, such as drapery or the like,
too sharply defined. "An edgy style of sculpture." Hazlitt.
Edh
Edh (?), n. The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter &edh;, capital form .
It is sounded as "English th in a similar word: &omac;&edh;er, other,
d(°)&edh;, doth." March.
Edibility
Ed`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. Suitableness for being eaten; edibleness.
Edible
Ed"i*ble (?), a. [L. edibilis, fr. edere to eat. See Eat.] Fit to be
eaten as food; eatable; esculent; as, edible fishes. Bacon. -- n.
Anything edible. Edible bird's nest. See Bird's nest,
2. --
Edible crab (Zo\'94l.), any species of crab used as food, esp. the
American blue crab (Callinectes hastatus). See Crab. -- Edible frog
(Zo\'94l.), the common European frog (Rana esculenta), used as food.
-- Edible snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail used as food, esp. Helix pomatia
and H. aspersa of Europe.
Edibleness
Ed"i*ble*ness, n. Suitableness for being eaten.
Edict
E"dict (?), n. [L. edictum, fr. edicere, edictum, to declare,
proclaim; e out + dicere to say: cf. F. \'82dit. See Diction.] A
public command or ordinance by the sovereign power; the proclamation
of a law made by an absolute authority, as if by the very act of
announcement; a decree; as, the edicts of the Roman emperors; the
edicts of the French monarch.
It stands as an edict in destiny. Shak.
Edict of Nantes (French Hist.), an edict issued by Henry IV. (A. D.
1598), giving toleration to Protestants. Its revocation by Louis XIV.
(A. D. 1685) was followed by terrible persecutions and the
expatriation of thousands of French Protestants. Syn. -- Decree;
proclamation; law; ordinance; statute; rule; order; manifesti;
command. See Law.
Edictal
E*dic"tal (?), a. Relating to, or consisting of, edicts; as, the Roman
edictal law.
Edificant
Ed"i*fi*cant (?), a. [L. aedificans, -antis, p. pr. of aedificare. See
Edify.] Building; constructing. [R.] Dugard.
Edification
Ed`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. aedificatio: cf. F. \'82dification. See
Edify.]
1. The act of edifying, or the state of being edified; a building up,
especially in a moral or spiritual sense; moral, intellectual, or
spiritual improvement; instruction.
The assured edification of his church. Bp. Hall.
Out of these magazines I shall supply the town with what may tend
to their edification. Addison.
2. A building or edifice. [Obs.] Bullokar.
Edificatory
Ed"i*fi*ca`to*ry (?), a. Tending to edification. Bp. Hall.
Edifice
Ed"i*fice (?), n. [L. aedificium, fr. aedificare: cf. F. \'82difice.
See Edify.] A building; a structure; an architectural fabric; --
chiefly applied to elegant houses, and other large buildings; as, a
palace, a church, a statehouse.
Edificial
Ed`i*fi"cial (?), a. [L. aedificialis.] Pertaining to an edifice;
structural.
Edifier
Ed"i*fi`er (?), n.
1. One who builds. [Obs.]
2. One who edifies, builds up, or strengthens another by moral or
religious instruction.
Edify
Ed"i*fy (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Edified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Edifying.] [F. \'82difier, L. aedificare; aedes a building, house,
orig., a fireplace (akin to Gr. idh to kindle, OHG. eit funeral pile,
AS. \'bed, OIr. aed fire) + facere to make. See Fact, -fy.]
1. To build; to construct. [Archaic]
There was a holy chapel edified. Spenser.
2. To instruct and improve, especially in moral and religious
knowledge; to teach.
It does not appear probable that our dispute [about miracles] would
either edify or enlighten the public. Gibbon.
3. To teach or persuade. [Obs.] Bacon.
Edify
Ed"i*fy, v. i. To improve. [R.] Swift.
Edifying
Ed"i*fy`ing (?), a. Instructing; improving; as, an edifying
conversation. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ly, adv. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ness, n.
Edile
E"dile (?), n. [L. aedilis: cf. F. \'82dile. Cf. \'92dile.] (Rom.
Antiq.) See \'92dile.
Edileship
E"dile*ship, n. The office of \'91dile. T. Arnold.
Edingtonite
Ed"ing*ton*ite (?), n. (Min.) A grayish white zeolitic mineral, in
tetragonal crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta.
Edit
Ed"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edited; p. pr. & vb. n. Editing.] [F.
\'82diter, or L. editus, p. p. of edere to give out, put forth,
publish; e out + dare to give. See Date a point of time.] To
superintend the publication of; to revise and prepare for publication;
to select, correct, arrange, etc., the matter of, for publication; as,
to edit a newspaper.
Philosophical treatises which have never been edited. Enfield.
Edition
E*di"tion (?), n. [L. editio, fr. edere to publish; cf. F. \'82dition.
See Edit.]
1. A literary work edited and published, as by a certain editor or in
a certain manner; as, a good edition of Chaucer; Chalmers' edition of
Shakespeare.
2. The whole number of copies of a work printed and published at one
time; as, the first edition was soon sold.
\'90dition de luxe
\'90`di`tion" de luxe" (?). [F.] See Luxe.
Editioner
E*di`tion*er (?), n. An editor. [Obs.]
Editor
Ed"i*tor (?), n. [L., that which produces, from edere to publish: cf.
F. \'82diteur.] One who edits; esp., a person who prepares,
superintends, revises, and corrects a book, magazine, or newspaper,
etc., for publication.
Editorial
Ed`i*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an editor; written or
sanctioned by an editor; as, editorial labors; editorial remarks. <--
editorial content -->
Editorial
Ed`i*to"ri*al, n. A leading article in a newspaper or magazine; an
editorial article; an article published as an expression of the views
of the editor.
Editorially
Ed`i*to"ri*al*ly (?), adv. In the manner or character of an editor or
of an editorial article.
Editorship
Ed"i*tor*ship (?), n. The office or charge of an editor; care and
superintendence of a publication.
Editress
Ed"i*tress (?), n. A female editor.
Edituate
E*dit"u*ate (?), v. t. [LL. aedituatus, p. p. of aedituare, fr. L.
aedituus a temple warden; aedes building, temple + tueri to guard.] To
guard as a churchwarden does. [Obs.] J. Gregory.
Edomite
E"dom*ite (?), n. One of the descendants of Esau or Edom, the brother
of Jacob; an Idumean.
Edriophthalma
Ed`ri*oph*thal"ma (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
Crustacea in which the eyes are without stalks; the Arthrostraca.
[Written also Edriophthalmata.]
Edriophthalmous
Ed`ri*oph*thal"mous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the
Edriophthalma.
Educability
Ed`u*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82ducabilit\'82.] Capability of
being educated.
Educable
Ed"u*ca*ble (?; 135), a. [Cf. F. \'82ducable.] Capable of being
educated. "Men are educable." M. Arnold.
Educate
Ed"u*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Educated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Educating (?).] [L. educatus, p. p. of educare to bring up a child
physically or mentally, to educate, fr. educere to Educe.] To bring
as, to educate a child; to educate the eye or the taste. Syn. -- To
develop; instruct; teach; inform; enlighten; edify; bring up; train;
breed; rear; discipline; indoctrinate.
Educated
Ed"u*ca`ted (?), a. Formed or developed by education; as, an educated
man.
Education
Ed`u*ca"tion (?; 135), n. [L. educatio; cf. F. \'82ducation.] The act
or process of educating; the result of educating, as determined by the
knowledge skill, or discipline of character, acquired; also, the act
or process of training by a prescribed or customary course of study or
discipline; as, an education for the bar or the pulpit; he has
finished his education.
To prepare us for complete living is the function which education
has to discharge. H. Spenser.
Syn. -- Education, Instruction, Teaching, Training, Breeding.
Education, properly a drawing forth, implies not so much the
communication of knowledge as the discipline of the intellect, the
establishment of the principles, and the regulation of the heart.
Instruction is that part of education which furnishes the mind with
knowledge. Teaching is the same, being simply more familiar. It is
also applied to practice; as, teaching to speak a language; teaching a
dog to do tricks. Training is a department of education in which the
chief element is exercise or practice for the purpose of imparting
facility in any physical or mental operation. Breeding commonly
relates to the manners and outward conduct.
Educational
Ed`u*ca"tion*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to education. "His
educational establishment." J. H. Newman.
Educationist
Ed`u*ca"tion*ist, n. One who is versed in the theories of, or who
advocates and promotes, education.
Educative
Ed"u*ca*tive (?; 135), a. [Cf. F. \'82ducatif.] Tending to educate;
that gives education; as, an educative process; an educative
experience.
Educator
Ed"u*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who educates; a teacher.
Educe
E*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Educed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Educing
(?).] [L. educere; e out + ducere to lead. See Duke.] To bring or draw
out; to cause to appear; to produce against counter agency or
influence; to extract; to evolve; as, to educe a form from matter.
The eternal art educing good from ill. Pope.
They want to educe and cultivate what is best and noblest in
themselves. M. Arnold.
Educible
E*du"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of being educed.
Educt
E"duct (?), n. [L. eductum, fr. educere.] That which is educed, as by
analysis. Sir W. Hamilton.
Eduction
E*duc"tion (?), n. [L. eductio.] The act of drawing out or bringing
into view. Eduction pipe, AND Eduction port. See Exhaust pipe and
Exhaust port, under Exhaust, a.
Eductive
E*duc"tive (?), a. Tending to draw out; extractive.
Eductor
E*duc"tor (?), n. [L., tutor.] One who, or that which, brings forth,
elicits, or extracts.
Stimulus must be called an eductor of vital ether. E. Darwin.
Edulcorant
E*dul"co*rant (?), a. [See Edulcorate.] Having a tendency to purify or
to sweeten by removing or correcting acidity and acrimony.
Edulcorant
E*dul"co*rant, n. An edulcorant remedy.
Edulcorate
E*dul"co*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edulcorated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Edulcorating.] [L. e oudulcoratus, p. p. of dulcorare to sweeten,
fr. dulcor sweetness, fr. dulcis sweet: cf. F. \'82dulcorer.]
1. To render sweet; to sweeten; to free from acidity.
Succory . . . edulcorated with sugar and vinegar. Evelyn.
2. (Chem.) To free from acids, salts, or other soluble substances, by
washing; to purify. [R.]
Edulcoration
E*dul`co*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82dulcoration.]
1. The act of sweetening or edulcorating.
2. (Chem.) The act of freeing from acids or any soluble substances, by
affusions of water. [R.] Ure.
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Edulcorative
E*dul"co*ra*tive (?), a. Tending to
Edulcorator
E*dul"co*ra`tor (?), n. A contrivance used to supply small quantities
of sweetened liquid, water, etc., to any mixture, or to test tubes,
etc.; a dropping bottle.
Edulious
E*du"li*ous (?), a. [L. edulis, fr. edere to eat.] Edible. [Obs.]
"Edulious pulses." Sir T. Browne.
-ee
-ee (?). [Formed on the F. p. p. ending -\'82, masc.] A suffix used,
chiefly in law terms, in a passive signification, to indicate the
direct or indirect object of an action, or the one to whom an act is
done or on whom a right is conferred; as in assignee, donee, alienee,
grantee, etc. It is correlative to -or, the agent or doer.
Eek, Eeke
Eek, Eeke (?), v. t. See Eke. [Obs.] Spenser.
Eel
Eel (?), n. [AS. ; akin to D., G., & Dan. aal, Icel. \'bell, Sw.
\'86l.] (Zo\'94l.) An elongated fish of many genera and species. The
common eels of Europe and America belong to the genus Anguilla. The
electrical eel is a species of Gymnotus. The so called vinegar eel is
a minute nematode worm. See Conger eel, Electric eel, and Gymnotus.
Eelbuck
Eel"buck` (?), n. An eelpot or eel basket.
Eelfare
Eel"fare` (?), n. [Eel + fare a journey or passage.] (Zo\'94l.) A
brood of eels. [Prov. Eng.]
Eelgrass
Eel"grass` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Zostera marina), with very long and
narrow leaves, growing abundantly in shallow bays along the North
Atlantic coast.
Eel-mother
Eel"-moth`er (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The eelpout.
Eelpot
Eel"pot` (?), n. A boxlike structure with funnel-shaped traps for
catching eels; an eelbuck.
Eelpout
Eel"pout` (?), n. [AS. .] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European fish (Zoarces
viviparus), remarkable for producing living young; -- called also
greenbone, guffer, bard, and Maroona eel. Also, an American species
(Z. anguillaris), -- called also mutton fish, and, erroneously, congo
eel, ling, and lamper eel. Both are edible, but of little value. (b) A
fresh-water fish, the burbot.
Eelspear
Eel"spear` (?), n. A spear with barbed forks for spearing eels.
E'en
E'en (?), adv. A contraction for even. See Even.
I have e'en done with you. L'Estrange.
Een
Een (?), n. The old plural of Eye.
And eke with fatness swollen were his een. Spenser.
E'er
E'er (?; 277), adv. A contraction for ever. See Ever.
Eerie, Eery
Ee"rie, Ee"ry (?), a. [Scotch, fr. AS. earh timid.]
1. Serving to inspire fear, esp. a dread of seeing ghosts; wild;
weird; as, eerie stories.
She whose elfin prancer springs By night to eery warblings.
Tennyson.
2. Affected with fear; affrighted. Burns.
Eerily
Ee"ri*ly (?), adv. In a strange, unearthly way.
Eerisome
Ee"ri*some (?), a. Causing fear; eerie. [Scot.]
Eet
Eet (?), obs. imp. of Eat. Chaucer.
Effable
Ef"fa*ble (?), a. [L. effabilis; ex out + fari to speak.] Capable of
being uttered or explained; utterable. Barrow.
Efface
Ef*face" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effacing (?).] [F. effacer; pref. es- (L. ex) + face face; prop., to
destroy the face or form. See Face, and cf. Deface.]
1. To cause to disappear (as anything impresses or inscribed upon a
surface) by rubbing out, striking out, etc.; to erase; to render
illegible or indiscernible; as, to efface the letters on a monument,
or the inscription on a coin.
2. To destroy, as a mental impression; to wear away.
Efface from his mind the theories and notions vulgarly received.
Bacon.
Syn. -- To blot out; expunge; erase; obliterate; cancel; destroy. --
Efface, Deface. To deface is to injure or impair a figure; to efface
is to rub out or destroy, so as to render invisible.
Effaceable
Ef*face"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being effaced.
Effacement
Ef*face"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. effacement.] The act if effacing; also,
the result of the act.
Effascinate
Ef*fas"ci*nate (?), v. t. [L. effascinare.] To charm; to bewitch.
[Obs.] Heywood.
Effascination
Ef*fas`ci*na"tion (?), n. [L. effascinatio.] A charming; state of
being bewitched or deluded. [Obs.]
Effect
Ef*fect" (?), n. [L. effectus, fr. efficere, effectum, to effect; ex +
facere to make: cf. F. effet, formerly also spelled effect. See Fact.]
1. Execution; performance; realization; operation; as, the law goes
into effect in May.
That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose, nor
keep peace between The effect and it. Shak.
2. Manifestation; expression; sign.
All the large effects That troop with majesty. Shak.
3. In general: That which is produced by an agent or cause; the event
which follows immediately from an antecedent, called the cause;
result; consequence; outcome; fruit; as, the effect of luxury.
The effect is the unfailing index of the amount of the cause.
Whewell.
4. Impression left on the mind; sensation produced.
Patchwork . . . introduced for oratorical effect. J. C. Shairp.
The effect was heightened by the wild and lonely nature of the
place. W. Irving.
5. Power to produce results; efficiency; force; importance; account;
as, to speak with effect.
6. Consequence intended; purpose; meaning; general intent; -- with to.
They spake to her to that effect. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 22.
7. The purport; the sum and substance. "The effect of his intent."
Chaucer.
8. Reality; actual meaning; fact, as distinguished from mere
appearance.
No other in effect than what it seems. Denham.
9. pl. Goods; movables; personal estate; -- sometimes used to embrace
real as well as personal property; as, the people escaped from the
town with their effects.
For effect, for an exaggerated impression or excitement. -- In effect,
in fact; in substance. See 8, above. -- Of no effect, Of none effect,
To no effect, OR Without effect, destitute of results, validity,
force, and the like; vain; fruitless. "Making the word of God of none
effect through your tradition." Mark vii. 13. "All my study be to no
effect." Shak. -- To give effect to, to make valid; to carry out in
practice; to push to its results. -- To take effect, to become
operative, to accomplish aims. Shak. Syn. -- Effect, Consequence,
Result. These words indicate things which arise out of some
antecedent, or follow as a consequent. Effect, which may be regarded
as the generic term, denotes that which springs directly from
something which can properly be termed a cause. A consequence is more
remote, not being strictly caused, nor yet a mere sequence, but
following out of and following indirectly, or in the train of events,
something on which it truly depends. A result is still more remote and
variable, like the rebound of an elastic body which falls in very
different directions. We may foresee the effects of a measure, may
conjecture its consequences, but can rarely discover its final
results.
Resolving all events, with their effects And manifold results, into
the will And arbitration wise of the Supreme. Cowper.
Shun the bitter consequence, for know, The day thou eatest thereof,
. . . thou shalt die. Milton.
Effect
Ef*fect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Effecting.]
1. To produce, as a cause or agent; to cause to be.
So great a body such exploits to effect. Daniel.
2. To bring to pass; to execute; to enforce; to achieve; to
accomplish.
To effect that which the divine counsels had decreed. Bp. Hurd.
They sailed away without effecting their purpose. Jowett (Th. ).
Syn. -- To accomplish; fulfill; achieve; complete; execute; perform;
attain. See Accomplish.
Effecter
Ef*fect"er (?), n. One who effects.
Effectible
Ef*fect"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being done or achieved; practicable;
feasible. Sir T. Browne.
Effection
Ef*fec"tion (?), n. [L. effectio: cf. F. effection.] Creation; a
doing. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
Effective
Ef*fect"ive (?), a. [L. effectivus: cf. F. effectif.] Having the power
to produce an effect or effects; producing a decided or decisive
effect; efficient; serviceable; operative; as, an effective force,
remedy, speech; the effective men in a regiment.
They are not effective of anything, nor leave no work behind them.
Bacon.
Whosoever is an effective, real cause of doing his heighbor wrong,
is criminal. Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- Efficient; forcible; active; powerful; energetic; competent.
See Effectual.
Effective
Ef*fect"ive, n.
1. That which produces a given effect; a cause. Jer. Taylor.
2. One who is capable of active service.
He assembled his army -- 20,000 effectives -- at Corinth. W. P.
Johnston.
3. [F. effectif real, effective, real amount.] (Com.) Specie or coin,
as distinguished from paper currency; -- a term used in many parts of
Europe. Simmonds.
Effectively
Ef*fect"ive*ly, adv. With effect; powerfully; completely; thoroughly.
Effectiveness
Ef*fect"ive*ness, n. The quality of being effective.
Effectless
Ef*fect"less (?), a. Without effect or advantage; useless; bootless.
Shak. -- Ef*fect"less*ly, adv.
Effector
Ef*fect"or (?), n. [L.] An effecter. Derham.
Effectual
Ef*fec"tu*al (?; 135), a. [See Effect, n.] Producing, or having
adequate power or force to produce, an intended effect; adequate;
efficient; operative; decisive. Shak.
Effectual steps for the suppression of the rebellion. Macaulay.
Effectual calling (Theol.), a doctrine concerning the work of the Holy
Spirit in producing conviction of sin and acceptance of salvation by
Christ, -- one of the five points of Calvinism. See Calvinism. Syn. --
Effectual, Efficacious, Effective. An efficacious remedy is had
recourse to, and proves effective if it does decided good, effectual
if it does all the good desired. C. J. Smith.
Effectually
Ef*fec"tu*al*ly, adv.
1. With effect; efficaciously.
2. Actually; in effect. [Obs.] Fuller.
Effectualness
Ef*fec"tu*al*ness, n. The quality of being effectual.
Effectuate
Ef*fec"tu*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effectuated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Effectuating.] [Cf. F. effectuer. See Effect, n. & v. t.] To bring
to pass; to effect; to achieve; to accomplish; to fulfill.
A fit instrument to effectuate his desire. Sir P. Sidney.
In order to effectuate the thorough reform. G. T. Curtis.
Effectuation
Ef*fec`tu*a"tion (?), n. Act of effectuating.
Effectuose, Effectuous
Ef*fec"tu*ose` (?), Ef*fec"tu*ous (?), a. Effective. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Effectuously
Ef*fec"tu*ous*ly, adv. Effectively. [Obs.]
Effeminacy
Ef*fem"i*na*cy (?), n.; pl. Effeminacies (#). [From Effeminate.]
Characteristic quality of a woman, such as softness, luxuriousness,
delicacy, or weakness, which is unbecoming a man; womanish delicacy or
softness; -- used reproachfully of men. Milton.
Effeminate
Ef*fem"i*nate (?), a. [L. effeminatus, p. p. of effeminare to make a
woman of; ex out + femina a woman. See Feminine, a.]
1. Having some characteristic of a woman, as delicacy, luxuriousness,
etc.; soft or delicate to an unmanly degree; womanish; weak.
The king, by his voluptuous life and mean marriage, became
effeminate, and less sensible of honor. Bacon.
An effeminate and unmanly foppery. Bp. Hurd.
2. Womanlike; womanly; tender; -- in a good sense.
Gentle, kind, effeminate remorse. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Ef feminate an d wo manish ar e ge nerally us ed in a
reproachful sense; feminine and womanly, applied to women, are
epithets of propriety or commendation.
Effeminate
Ef*fem"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effeminated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Effeminating (?).] To make womanish; to make soft and delicate; to
weaken.
It will not corrupt or effeminate children's minds. Locke.
Effeminate
Ef*fem"i*nate, v. i. To grow womanish or weak.
In a slothful peace both courage will effeminate and manners
corrupt. Pope.
Effeminately
Ef*fem"i*nate*ly (?), adv.
1. In an effeminate or womanish manner; weakly; softly; delicately.
"Proud and effeminately gay." Fawkes.
2. By means of a woman; by the power or art of a woman. [R.]
"Effeminately vanquished." Milton.
Effeminateness
Ef*fem"i*nate*ness, n. The state of being effeminate; unmanly
softness. Fuller.
Effemination
Ef*fem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L. effeminatio.] Effeminacy; womanishness.
[Obs.] Bacon.
Effeminize
Ef*fem"i*nize (?), v. t. To make effeminate. [Obs.]
Effendi
Ef*fen"di (?), n. [Turk. efendi, fr. Modern Gr. Authentic.] Master;
sir; -- a title of a Turkish state official and man of learning,
especially one learned in the law.
Efferent
Ef"fe*rent (?), a. [L. efferens, -entis, p. pr. of effere to bear out;
ex out + ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) (a) Conveying outward, or
discharging; -- applied to certain blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves,
etc. (b) Conveyed outward; as, efferent impulses, i. e., such as are
conveyed by the motor or efferent nerves from the central nervous
organ outwards; -- opposed to afferent.
Efferent
Ef"fe*rent (?), n. An efferent duct or stream.
Efferous
Ef"fer*ous (?), a. [L. efferus savage; ex (intens.) + ferus wild.]
Like a wild beast; fierce. [Obs.]
Effervesce
Ef`fer*vesce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Effervesced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Effervescing (?).] [L. effervescere; ex + fervescere to begin
boiling, incho., fr. fervere to boil. See Fervent.]
1. To be in a state of natural ebullition; to bubble and hiss, as
fermenting liquors, or any fluid, when some part escapes in a gaseous
form.
2. To exhibit, in lively natural expression, feelings that can not be
repressed or concealed; as, to effervesce with joy or merriment.
Effervescence, Effervescency
Ef`fer*ves"cence (?), Ef`fer*ves"cen*cy (?), n. [Cf. F.
effervescence.] A kind of natural ebullition; that commotion of a
fluid which takes place when some part of the mass flies off in a
gaseous form, producing innumerable small bubbles; as, the
effervescence of a carbonate with citric acid.
Effervescent
Ef`fer*ves"cent (?), a. [L. effervescences, p. pr. of effervescere:
cf. F. effervescent.] Gently boiling or bubbling, by means of the
disengagement of gas
Effervescible
Ef`fer*ves"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of effervescing.
Effervescive
Ef`fer*ves"cive (?), a. Tending to produce effervescence. "An
effervescive force." Hickok.
Effet
Ef"fet (?), n. [See Eft, n.] (Zo\'94l.) The common newt; -- called
also asker, eft, evat, and ewt.
Effete
Ef*fete" (?), a. [L. effetus that has brought forth, exhausted; ex +
fetus that has brought forth. See Fetus.] No longer capable of
producing young, as an animal, or fruit, as the earth; hence, worn out
with age; exhausted of energy; incapable of efficient action; no
longer productive; barren; sterile.
Effete results from virile efforts. Mrs. Browning
If they find the old governments effete, worn out, . . . they may
seek new ones. Burke.
Efficacious
Ef`fi*ca"cious (?), a. [L. eficax, -acis, fr. efficere. See Effect,
n.] Possessing the quality of being effective; productive of, or
powerful to produce, the effect intended; as, an efficacious law. Syn.
-- See Effectual. -- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ly, adv. -- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ness,
n.
Efficacity
Ef`fi*cac"i*ty (?), n. [L. efficacitas: cf. F. efficacit\'82.]
Efficacy. [R.] J. Fryth.
Efficacy
Ef"fi*ca*cy (?), n. [L. efficacia, fr. efficax. See Efficacious.]
Power to produce effects; operation or energy of an agent or force;
production of the effect intended; as, the efficacy of medicine in
counteracting disease; the efficacy of prayer. "Of noxious efficacy."
Milton. Syn. -- Virtue; force; energy; potency; efficiency.
Efficience, Efficiency
Ef*fi"cience (?), Ef*fi"cien*cy (?), n. [L. efficientia.]
1. The quality of being efficient or producing an effect or effects;
efficient power; effectual agency.
The manner of this divine efficiency being far above us. Hooker.
2. (Mech.) The ratio of useful work to energy expended. Rankine.
Efficiency of a heat engine, the ratio of the work done an engine, to
the work due to the heat supplied to it.
Efficient
Ef*fi"cient (?), a. [L. efficiens, -entis, p. pr. of efficere to
effect: cf. F. efficient. See Effect, n.] Causing effects; producing
results; that makes the effect to be what it is; actively operative;
not inactive, slack, or incapable; characterized by energetic and
useful activity; as, an efficient officer, power.
The efficient cause is the working cause. Wilson.
Syn. -- Effective; effectual; competent; able; capable; material;
potent.
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Efficient
Ef*fi"cient (?), n. An efficient cause; a prime mover.
God . . . moveth mere natural agents as an efficient only. Hooker.
Efficiently
Ef*fi"cient*ly, adv. With effect; effectively.
Effierce
Ef*fierce" (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- (intens.) + fierce.] To make fierce.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Effigial
Ef*fig"i*al (?), a. Relating to an effigy.
Effigiate
Ef*fig"i*ate (?), v. t. [L. effigiatus, p. p. of effigiare to form,
fr. effigies. See Effigy.] To form as an effigy; hence, to fashion; to
adapt.
[He must] effigiate and conform himself to those circumstances.
Jer. Taylor.
Effigiation
Ef*fig`i*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. effigiatio.] The act of forming in
resemblance; an effigy. Fuller.
Effigies
Ef*fig"i*es (?), n. [L.] See Effigy. Dryden.
Effigy
Ef"fi*gy (?), n.; pl. Effigies (#). [L. effigies, fr. effingere to
form, fashion; ex + fingere to form, shape, devise. See Feign.] The
image, likeness, or representation of a person, whether a full figure,
or a part; an imitative figure; -- commonly applied to sculptured
likenesses, as those on monuments, or to those of the heads of princes
on coins and medals, sometimes applied to portraits. To burn, OR To
hang, in effigy, to burn or to hang an image or picture of a person,
as a token of public odium.
Efflagitate
Ef*flag"i*tate (?), v. t. [L. efflagitatus, p. p. of efflagitare.] To
ask urgently. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Efflate
Ef*flate" (?), v. t. [L. efflatus, p. p. of efflare to blow or breathe
out; ex + flare to blow.] To fill with breath; to puff up. Sir T.
Herbert.
Efflation
Ef*fla"tion (?), n. The act of filling with wind; a breathing or
puffing out; a puff, as of wind.
A soft efflation of celestial fire. Parnell.
Effloresce
Ef`flo*resce" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Effloresced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Efflorescing (?).] [L. efflorescere to bloom, blossom; ex +
florescere to begin to blossom, incho., fr. florere to blossom, fr.
flos a flower. See Flower.]
1. To blossom forth. Carlyle.
2. (Chem.) To change on the surface, or throughout, to a whitish,
mealy, or crystalline powder, from a gradual decomposition, esp. from
the loss of water, on simple exposure to the air; as, Glauber's salts,
and many others, effloresce.
3. To become covered with a whitish crust or light crystallization,
from a slow chemical change between some of the ingredients of the
matter covered and an acid proceeding commonly from an external
source; as, the walls of limestone caverns sometimes effloresce with
nitrate of calcium in consequence of the action in consequence of
nitric acid formed in the atmosphere.
Efflorescence
Ef`flo*res"cence (?), n. [F. efflorescence.]
1. (Bot.) Flowering, or state of flowering; the blooming of flowers;
blowth.
2. (Med.) A redness of the skin; eruption, as in rash, measles,
smallpox, scarlatina, etc.
3. (Chem.) (a) The formation of the whitish powder or crust on the
surface of efflorescing bodies, as salts, etc. (b) The powder or crust
thus formed.
Efflorescency
Ef`flo*res"cen*cy (?), n. The state or quality of being efflorescent;
efflorescence.
Efflorescent
Ef`flo*res"cent (?), a. [F. efflorescent, L. efflorescens, -entis,
blooming, p. pr. of efflorescere. See Effloresce, v. i.]
1. That effloresces, or is liable to effloresce on exposure; as, an
efflorescent salt.
2. Covered with an efflorescence.
Efflower
Ef*flow"er (?), v. t. [Cf. F. effleurer.] (Leather Making) To remove
the epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, blunt in its middle
part, -- as in making chamois leather.
Effluence
Ef"flu*ence (?), n. [Cf. F. effluence.]
1. A flowing out, or emanation.
2. That which flows or issues from any body or substance; issue;
efflux.
Bright effluence of bright essence increate! Milton.
And, as if the gloom of the earth and sky had been but the
effluence of these two mortal hearts, it vanished with their
sorrow. Hawthorne.
Effluency
Ef"flu*en*cy (?), n. Effluence.
Effluent
Ef"flu*ent (?), a. [L. effluens, -entis, p. pr. of effluere to flow
out; ex + fluere to flow: cf. F. effluent. See Fluent.] Flowing out;
as, effluent beams. Parnell.
Effluent
Ef"flu*ent, n. (Geog.) A stream that flows out of another stream or
lake.
Effluviable
Ef*flu"vi*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being given off as an effluvium.
"Effluviable matter." Boyle.
Effluvial
Ef*flu"vi*al (?), a. Belonging to effluvia.
Effluviate
Ef*flu"vi*ate (?), v. i. To give forth effluvium. [R.] "An
effluviating power." Boyle.
Effluvium
Ef*flu"vi*um (?), n.; pl. Effluvia (#). [L., a flowing out, fr.
effluere to flow out. See Effluent, a.] Subtile or invisible
emanation; exhalation perceived by the sense of smell; especially,
noisome or noxious exhalation; as, the effluvium from diseased or
putrefying bodies, or from ill drainage.
Efflux
Ef"flux (?), n. [See Effluent, Flux.]
1. The act or process of flowing out, or issuing forth; effusion;
outflow; as, the efflux of matter from an ulcer; the efflux of men's
piety.
It is then that the devout affections . . . are incessantly in
efflux. I. Taylor.
2. That which flows out; emanation; effluence.
Prime cheerer, light! . . . Efflux divine. Thomson.
Efflux
Ef*flux" (?), v. i. To run out; to flow forth; to pass away. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Effluxion
Ef*flux"ion (?), n. [From Efflux.]
1. The act of flowing out; effusion.
2. That which flows out; effluvium; emanation.
Some light effluxions from spirit to spirit. Bacon.
Effodient
Ef*fo"di*ent (?), a. [L. effodiens, p. pr. of effodere to dig out; ex
+ fodere to dig.] Digging up.
Efforce
Ef*force (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Efforced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Efforcing (?).] [OF. esforcier (F. s'efforcer to exert one's self),
LL. exforciare; L. ex + fortis strong. See Force.] To force; to
constrain; to compel to yield. [Obs.] Spenser.
Efform
Ef*form" (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- + form.] To form; to shape. [Obs.]
Efforming their words within their lips. Jer. Taylor.
Efformation
Ef`for*ma"tion (?), n. The act of giving shape or form. [Obs.] Ray.
Effort
Ef"fort (?), n. [F. effort, OF. esfort, for esfors, esforz, fr.
esforcier. See Efforce.]
1. An exertion of strength or power, whether physical or mental, in
performing an act or aiming at an object; more or less strenuous
endeavor; struggle directed to the accomplishment of an object; as, an
effort to scale a wall.
We prize the stronger effort of his power. Pope.
2. (Mech.) A force acting on a body in the direction of its motion.
Rankine. Syn. -- Endeavor; exertion; struggle; strain; straining;
attempt; trial; essay. See Attempt.
Effort
Ef"fort, v. t. To stimulate. [Obs.] "He efforted his spirits." Fuller.
Effortless
Ef"fort*less, a. Making no effort. Southey.
Effossion
Ef*fos"sion (?), n. [L. effossio. See Effodient.] A digging out or up.
[R.] "The effossion of coins." Arbuthnot.
Effranchise
Ef*fran"chise (?), v. t. [Pref. ex- + franchise: cf. OF. esfranchir.]
To enfranchise.
Effray
Ef*fray" (?), v. t. [F. effrayer. See Affray.] To frighten; to scare.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Effrayable
Ef*fray"a*ble (?), a. Frightful. [Obs.] Harvey.
Effrenation
Ef`fre*na"tion (?), n. [L. effrenatio, fr. effrenare to unbridle; ex +
frenum a bridle.] Unbridled license; unruliness. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Effront
Ef*front" (?), v. t. To give assurance to. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Effrontery
Ef*front"er*y (?), n.; pl. Effronteries (#). [F. effronterie, fr.
effront\'82 shameless, fr. L. effrons, -ontis, putting forth the
forehead, i. e., barefaced, shameless; ex + frons the forehead. See
Front.] Impudence or boldness in confronting or in transgressing the
bounds of duty or decorum; insulting presumptuousness; shameless
boldness; barefaced assurance.
Corruption lost nothing of its effrontery. Bancroft.
Syn. -- Impudence; sauciness. See Impudence.
Effrontit
Ef*front"it (?), a. [F. effront\'82.] Marked by impudence. [Obs.] Jer.
Taylor.
Effrontuously
Ef*fron"tu*ous*ly (?; 135), adv. Impudently. [Obs.] R. North.
Effulge
Ef*fulge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effulged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effulging (?).] [L. effulgere to shine forth; ex + fulgere to flash,
shine. See Fulgent.] To cause to shine with abundance of light; to
radiate; to beam. [R.]
His eyes effulging a peculiar fire. Thomson.
Effulge
Ef*fulge", v. i. To shine forth; to beam.
Effulgence
Ef*ful"gence (?), n. The state of being effulgent; extreme brilliancy;
a flood of light; great luster or brightness; splendor.
The effulgence of his glory abides. Milton.
The bright and the balmy effulgence of morn. Beattie.
Effulgent
Ef*ful"gent (?), a. [L. effulgens, -entis, p. pr. of effulgere.]
Diffusing a flood of light; shining; luminous; beaming; bright;
splendid. "Effulgent rays of light." Cowper.
Effulgently
Ef*ful"gent*ly, adv. In an effulgent manner.
Effumability
Ef*fu`ma*bil"i*ty (?), n. The capability of flying off in fumes or
vapor. [Obs.] Boyle.
Effume
Ef*fume" (?), v. t. [L. effumare to emit smoke; ex + fumare to smoke,
fr. fumus smoke.] To breathe or puff out. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Effund
Ef*fund" (?), v. t. [L. effundere. See Effuse.] To pour out. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Effuse
Ef*fuse" (?), a. [L. effusus, p. p. of effundere to pour out; ex +
fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.]
1. Poured out freely; profuse. [Obs.]
So should our joy be very effuse. Barrow.
2. Disposed to pour out freely; prodigal. [Obs.] Young.
3. (Bot.) Spreading loosely, especially on one side; as, an effuse
inflorescence. Loudon.
4. (Zo\'94l.) Having the lips, or edges, of the aperture abruptly
spreading; -- said of certain shells.
Effuse
Ef*fuse", n. Effusion; loss. "Much effuse of blood." Shak.
Effuse
Ef*fuse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effusing.] To pour out like a stream or freely; to cause to exude; to
shed. [R.]
With gushing blood effused. Milton.
Effuse
Ef*fuse", v. i. To emanate; to issue. Thomson.
Effusion
Ef*fu"sion (?), n. [L. effusio: cf. F. effusion.]
1. The act of pouring out; as, effusion of water, of blood, of grace,
of words, and the like.
To save the effusion of my people's blood. Dryden.
2. That which is poured out, literally or figuratively.
Wash me with that precious effusion, and I shall be whiter than
sow. Eikon Basilike.
The light effusions of a heedless boy. Byron.
3. (Pathol.) (a) The escape of a fluid out of its natural vessel,
either by rupture of the vessel, or by exudation through its walls. It
may pass into the substance of an organ, or issue upon a free surface.
(b) The liquid escaping or exuded.
Effusive
Ef*fu"sive (?), a. Pouring out; pouring forth freely. "Washed with the
effusive wave." Pope. Effusive rocks (Geol.), volcanic rocks, in
distinction from so-called intrusive, or plutonic, rocks. --
Ef*fu"sive*ly, adv. -- Ef*fu"sive*ness, n.
Efreet
Ef"reet (?), n. See Afrit.
Eft
Eft (?), n. [AS. efete lizard. See Newt.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European
lizard of the genus Seps. (b) A salamander, esp. the European smooth
newt (Triton punctatus).
Eft
Eft, adv. [AS. eft, \'91ft, again, back, afterward. See Aft, After.]
Again; afterwards; soon; quickly. [Obs.]
I wold never eft comen into the snare. Spenser.
Eftsoon, Eftsoons
Eft*soon" (?), Eft*soons" (?), adv. [OE. eftsone, eftsones; AS. eft +
s soon. See Eft, and Soon.] Again; anew; a second time; at once;
speedily. [Archaic]
And, if he fall from his capel [horse] eftsone. Chaucer.
The champion stout eftsoons dismounted. Spenser.
Egad
E*gad" (?), interj. [Euphemistic corruption of the oath, "by God."] An
exclamation expressing exultation or surprise, etc.
Egal
E"gal (?), a. [F. \'82gal. See Equal.] Equal; impartial. [Obs.] Shak.
Egality
E*gal"i*ty (?), n. [OE. egalite, F. \'82galit\'82.] Equality. Chaucer.
Tennyson.
Egean
E*ge"an (?), a. See \'92gean.
Egence
E"gence (?), n. [L. egens, -entis, p. pr. of egere to be needy, suffer
want.] The state of needing, or of suffering a natural want. [R.] J.
Grote.
Eger, Egre
E"ger (?), E"gre, a. [See Eager.] Sharp; bitter; acid; sour. [Obs.]
The egre words of thy friend. Chaucer.
Eger
E"ger, n. An impetuous flood; a bore. See Eagre.
Egerminate
E*ger"mi*nate (?), v. i. [From L. egerminare to sprout.] To germinate.
[Obs.]
Egest
E*gest" (?), v. t. [L. egestus, p. p. of egerere to carry out, to
discharge; e out + gerere to carry.] (Physiol.) To cast or throw out;
to void, as excrement; to excrete, as the indigestible matter of the
food; in an extended sense, to excrete by the lungs, skin, or kidneys.
Egesta
E*ges"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. from p. p. of L. egere. See
Egest.] (Physiol.) That which is egested or thrown off from the body
by the various excretory channels; excrements; -- opposed to ingesta.
Egestion
E*ges"tion (?), n. [L. egestio.] Act or process of egesting; a
voiding. Sir M. Hale.
Egg
Egg (?), n. [OE., fr. Icel. egg; akin to AS. \'91g (whence OE. ey),
Sw. \'84gg, Dan. \'91g, G. & D. ei, and prob. to OSlav. aje, jaje, L.
ovum, Gr. ugh, Gael. ubh, and perh. to L. avis bird. Cf. Oval.]
1. (Popularly) The oval or roundish body laid by domestic poultry and
other birds, tortoises, etc. It consists of a yolk, usually surrounded
by the "white" or albumen, and inclosed in a shell or strong membrane.
2. (Biol.) A simple cell, from the development of which the young of
animals are formed; ovum; germ cell.
3. Anything resembling an egg in form.
NOTE: &hand; Eg g is us ed ad jectively, or as the first part of
self-explaining compounds; as, egg beater or egg-beater, egg case,
egg ladle, egg-shaped, etc.
Egg and anchor (Arch.), an egg-shaped ornament, alternating with
another in the form of a dart, used to enrich the ovolo; -- called
also egg and dart, and egg and tongue. See Anchor, n., 5. Ogilvie. --
Egg cleavage (Biol.), a process of cleavage or segmentation, by which
the egg undergoes endogenous division with formation of a mass of
nearly similar cells, from the growth and differentiation of which the
new organism is ultimately formed. See Segmentation of the ovum, under
Segmentation. -- Egg development (Biol.), the process of the
development of an egg, by which the embryo is formed. -- Egg mite
(Zo\'94l.), any mite which devours the eggs of insects, as Nothrus
ovivorus, which destroys those of the canker worm. -- Egg parasite
(Zo\'94l.), any small hymenopterous insect, which, in the larval
stage, lives within the eggs of other insects. Many genera and species
are known.
Egg
Egg, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Egged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Egging (?).] [OE.
eggen, Icel. eggja, fr. egg edge. Edge.] To urge on; to instigate; to
incite
Adam and Eve he egged to ill. Piers Plowman.
[She] did egg him on to tell How fair she was. Warner.
Eggar
Eg"gar (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bombycid moth of
the genera Eriogaster and Lasiocampa; as, the oak eggar (L. roboris)
of Europe.
Egg-bird
Egg"-bird` (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of tern, esp. the sooty tern
(Sterna fuliginosa) of the West Indies. In the Bahama Islands the name
is applied to the tropic bird, Pha\'89thon flavirostris.
Egg-cup
Egg"-cup` (?), n. A cup used for holding an egg, at table.
Eggement
Eg"ge*ment (?), n. [Egg, v. t. + -ment.] Instigation; incitement.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Egger
Egg"er (?), n. [See Egg, n.] One who gathers eggs; an eggler.
Egger
Egg"er, n. [See Egg, v. t.] One who eggs or incites.
Eggery
Egg"er*y (?), n. A place where eggs are deposited (as by sea birds) or
kept; a nest of eggs. [R.]
Egg-glass
Egg"-glass` (?), n. A small sandglass, running about three minutes,
for marking time in boiling eggs; also, a small glass for holding an
egg, at table.
Egghot
Egg"hot` (?), n. A kind of posset made of eggs, brandy, sugar, and
ale. Lamb.
Eggler
Egg"ler (?), n. One who gathers, or deals in, eggs.
Eggnog
Egg`nog" (?), n. A drink consisting of eggs beaten up with sugar,
milk, and (usually) wine or spirits.
Eggplant
Egg"plant` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Solanum Melongena), of East Indian
origin, allied to the tomato, and bearing a large, smooth, edible
fruit, shaped somewhat like an egg; mad-apple.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 474
Egg-shaped
Egg"-shaped` (?), a. Resembling an egg in form; ovoid.
Eggshell
Egg"shell` (?), n.
1. The shell or exterior covering of an egg. Also used figuratively
for anything resembling an eggshell.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A smooth, white, marine, gastropod shell of the genus
Ovulum, resembling an egg in form.
Egg squash
Egg" squash` (?). A variety of squash with small egg-shaped fruit.
Eghen
E"ghen (?), n. pl. Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Egilopical
Eg`i*lop"ic*al (?), a. [See \'92gilops.] (Med.) Pertaining to, of the
nature of, or affected with, an \'91gilops, or tumor in the corner of
the eye.
Egilops
Eg"i*lops (?), n. See \'92gilops.
Eglandulose; 135, Eglandulous
E*glan"du*lose` (?; 135), E*glan"du*lous (?), a. [Pref. e- +
glandulose, glandulosus.] Destitute of glands.
Eglantine
Eg"lan*tine (?), n. [F. \'82glantine, fr. OF. aiglent brier, hip tree,
fr. (assumed) LL. acuculentus, fr. a dim. of L. acus needle; cf. F.
aiguille needle. Cf. Aglet.] (Bot.) (a) A species of rose (Rosa
Eglanteria), with fragrant foliage and flowers of various colors. (b)
The sweetbrier (R. rubiginosa).
NOTE: &hand; Mi lton, in the following lines, has applied the name
to some twinning plant, perhaps the honeysuckle.
Through the sweetbrier, or the vine, Or the twisted eglantine.
L'Allegro, 47.
"In our early writers and in Gerarde and the herbalists, it was a
shrub with white flowers." Dr. Prior.
Eglatere
Eg"la*tere (?), n. Eglantine. [Obs. or R.] [Written also eglantere.]
Tennyson.
Egling
Eg"ling (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The European perch
when two years old. [Prov. Eng.]
Eglomerate
E*glom"er*ate (?), v. t. [Pref. e- + glomerate.] To unwind, as a
thread from a ball. [R.]
Ego
E"go (?), n. [L., I.] (Met.) The conscious and permanent subject of
all psychical experiences, whether held to be directly known or the
product of reflective thought; -- opposed to non-ego.
Egoical
E*go"i*cal (?), a. Pertaining to egoism. [R.]
Egoism
E"go*ism (?), n. [F. \'82go\'8bsme, fr. L. -ego I. See I, and cf.
Egotism.]
1. (Philos.) The doctrine of certain extreme adherents or disciples of
Descartes and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which finds all the elements of
knowledge in the ego and the relations which it implies or provides
for.
2. Excessive love and thought of self; the habit of regarding one's
self as the center of every interest; selfishness; -- opposed to
altruism.
Egoist
E"go*ist, n. [F. \'82go\'8bste. See Egoism.]
1. One given overmuch to egoism or thoughts of self.
I, dullard egoist, taking no special recognition of such nobleness.
Carlyle.
2. (Philos.) A believer in egoism.
Egoistic, Egoistical
E`go*is"tic (?), E`go*is"tic*al (?), a. Pertaining to egoism; imbued
with egoism or excessive thoughts of self; self-loving.
Ill-natured feeling, or egoistic pleasure in making men miserable.
G. Eliot.
Egoistically
E`go*is"tic*al*ly, adv. In an egoistic manner.
Egoity
E*go"i*ty (?), n. Personality. [R.] Swift.
Egomism
E"go*mism (?), n. Egoism. [R.] A. Baxter.
Egophonic
E`go*phon"ic (?), a. Belonging to, or resembling, egophony.
Egophony
E*goph"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) The sound of a patient's voice so
modified as to resemble the bleating of a goat, heard on applying the
ear to the chest in certain diseases within its cavity, as in pleurisy
with effusion.
Egotheism
E"go*the`ism (?), n. [Gr. The deification of self. [R.]
Egotism
E"go*tism (?; 277), n. [L. ego I + ending -tism for -ism, prob.
influenced by other English words in -tism fr. the Greek, where t is
not part of the ending, as baptism. See Egoism.] The practice of too
frequently using the word I; hence, a speaking or writing overmuch of
one's self; self-exaltation; self-praise; the act or practice of
magnifying one's self or parading one's own doings. The word is also
used in the sense of egoism.
His excessive egotism, which filled all objects with himself.
Hazlitt.
Syn. -- Egotism, Self-conceit, Vanity, Egoism. Self-conceit is an
overweening opinion of one's talents, capacity, attractions, etc.;
egotism is the acting out of self-conceit, or self-importance, in
words and exterior conduct; vanity is inflation of mind arising from
the idea of being thought highly of by others. It shows itself by its
eagerness to catch the notice of others. Egoism is a state in which
the feelings are concentrated on one's self. Its expression is
egotism.
Egotist
E"go*tist (?), n. [L. ego I + ending -tist for -ist. See Egotism, and
cf. Egoist.] One addicted to egotism; one who speaks much of himself
or magnifies his own achievements or affairs.
Egotistic, Egotistical
E`go*tis"tic (?), E`go*tis"tic*al (?), a. Addicted to, or manifesting,
egotism. Syn. -- Conceited; vain; self-important; opinionated.
Egotistically
E`go*tis"tic*al*ly, adv. With egotism.
Egotize
E"go*tize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Egotized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Egotizing (?).] [See Egotism.] To talk or write as an egotist. Cowper.
Egranulose
E*gran"u*lose` (?), a. [Pref. e- + granule.] (Bot.) Having no
granules, as chlorophyll in certain conditions. R. Brown.
Egre
E"gre (?), a. & n. See Eager, and Eagre. [Obs.]
Egregious
E*gre"gious (?; 277), a. [L. egregius; lit., separated or chosen from
the herd, i. e., distinguished, excellent; e out + grex, gregis, herd.
See Gregarious.] Surpassing; extraordinary; distinguished (in a bad
sense); -- formerly used with words importing a good quality, but now
joined with words having a bad sense; as, an egregious rascal; an
egregious ass; an egregious mistake.
The egregious impudence of this fellow. Bp. Hall.
His [Wyclif's] egregious labors are not to be neglected. Milton.
Egregiously
E*gre"gious*ly (?), adv. Greatly; enormously; shamefully; as,
egregiously cheated.
Egregiousness
E*gre"gious*ness (?; 277), n. The state of being egregious.
Egremoin
Eg"re*moin (?), n. [See Agrimony.] Agrimony (Agrimonia Eupatoria).
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Egress
E"gress (?), n. [L. egressus, fr. egredi to go out; e out + gradi to
go. See Grade.]
1. The act of going out or leaving, or the power to leave; departure.
Embarred from all egress and regress. Holland.
Gates of burning adamant, Barred over us, prohibit all egress.
Milton.
2. (Astron.) The passing off from the sun's disk of an inferior
planet, in a transit.
Egress
E*gress" (?), v. i. To go out; to depart; to leave.
Egression
E*gres"sion (?), n. [L. egressio.] The act of going; egress. [R.] B.
Jonson.
Egressor
E*gress"or (?), n. One who goes out. [R.]
Egret
E"gret (?), n. [See Aigret, Heron.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The name of several species of herons which bear plumes
on the back. They are generally white. Among the best known species
are the American egret (Ardea, OR Herodias, egretta); the great egret
(A. alba); the little egret (A. garzetta), of Europe; and the American
snowy egret (A. candidissima).
A bunch of egrets killed for their plumage. G. W. Cable.
2. A plume or tuft of feathers worn as a part of a headdress, or
anything imitating such an ornament; an aigrette.
3. (Bot.) The flying feathery or hairy crown of seeds or achenes, as
the down of the thistle.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of ape.
Egrette
E*grette" (?), n. [See Aigrette.] Same as Egret, n.,
2.
Egrimony
Eg"ri*mo*ny (?), [Corrupted fr. agrimony.] (Bot.) The herb agrimony.
[Obs.]
Egrimony
Eg"ri*mo*ny, n. [L. aegrimonia.] Sorrow. [Obs.]
Egriot
E"gri*ot (?), n. [F. aigrette, griotte, formerly agriote; cf. aigre
sour.] A kind of sour cherry. Bacon.
Egritude
E"gri*tude (?), n. [L. aegritudo, fr. aeger sick.] Sickness; ailment;
sorrow. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
Egyptian
E*gyp"tian (?), a. [L. Aegyptius, Gr. Aegyptus) Egypt: cf. F.
\'82gyptien. Cf. Gypsy.] Pertaining to Egypt, in Africa. Egyptian
bean. (Bot.) (a) The beanlike fruit of an aquatic plant (Nelumbium
speciosum), somewhat resembling the water lily. (b) See under Bean,
1. --
Egyptian cross. See Illust. (No. 6) of Cross. -- Egyptian thorn
(Bot.), a medium-sized tree (Acacia vera). It is one of the chief
sources of the best gum arabic.
Egyptian
E*gyp"tian, n.
1. A native, or one of the people, of Egypt; also, the Egyptian
language.
2. A gypsy. [Obs.] Shak.
Egyptize
E"gypt*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Egyptized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Egyptizing (?).] To give an Egyptian character or appearance to.
Fairbairn.
Egyptologer, Egyptologist
E`gyp*tol"o*ger (?), E`gyp*tol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in the
antiquities of Egypt; a student of Egyptology.
Egyptological
E*gyp`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or devoted to,
Egyptology.
Egyptology
E`gyp*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Egypt + -logy.] The science or study of
Egyptian antiquities, esp. the hieroglyphics.
Eh
Eh (?), interj. [OE. ei, ey.] An expression of inquiry or slight
surprise.
Ehlite
Eh"lite (?), n. [From Ehl near Linz, where it occurs.] (Min.) A
mineral of a green color and pearly luster; a hydrous phosphate of
copper.
Eider
Ei"der (?), n. [Of Scand. origin, cf. Icel \'91; akin to Sw. eider,
Dan. ederfugl.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of sea duck of the genus
Somateria, esp. Somateria mollissima, which breeds in the northern
parts of Europe and America, and lines its nest with fine down (taken
from its own body) which is an article of commerce; -- called also
eider duck. The American eider (S. Dresseri), the king eider (S.
spectabilis), and the spectacled eider (Arctonetta Fischeri) are
related species. Eider down. [Cf. Icel. \'91\'ebard\'d4n, Sw.
eiderd\'d4n, Dan. ederduun.] Down of the eider duck, much sought after
as an article of luxury.
Eidograph
Ei"do*graph (?), n. [Gr. graph.] An instrument for copying drawings on
the same or a different scale; a form of the pantograph.
Eidolon
Ei*do"lon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Idol.] An image or representation; a
form; a phantom; an apparition. Sir W. Scott.
Eigh
Eigh (?), interj. An exclamation expressing delight.
Eight
Eight (?), n. [See Ait.] An island in a river; an ait. [Obs.] "Osiers
on their eights." Evelyn.
Eight
Eight, a. [AS. eahta; akin to OS. ahto, OFries. achta, D. & G. acht,
OHG. ahto, Icel. \'betta, Sw. \'86tta, Dan. otte, Goth. ahtau, Lith.
aszt, Ir. & Gael. ochd, W. wyth, Armor. eich, eiz, L. octo, Gr. ash.
Octave.] Seven and one; as, eight years.
Eight
Eight (?), n.
1. The number greater by a unit than seven; eight units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eight units, as 8 or viii.
Eighteen
Eight"een` (?), a. [AS. eahtat, eahtat. See Eight, and Ten, and cf.
Eighty.] Eight and ten; as, eighteen pounds.
Eighteen
Eight"een`, n.
1. The number greater by a unit than seventeen; eighteen units or
objects.
2. A symbol denoting eighteen units, as 18 or xviii.
Eighteenmo
Eight`een"mo (?), a. & n. See Octodecimo.
Eighteenth
Eight"eenth` (?), a. [From Eighteen.]
1. Next in order after the seventeenth.
2. Consisting of one of eighteen equal parts or divisions of a thing.
Eighteenth
Eight"eenth`, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eighteen; one of eighteen equal
parts or divisions.
2. The eighth after the tenth.
Eightetethe
Eight"e*teth`e (?), a. [OE., fr. AS. eahtate\'a2; eahta eight + te\'a2
tenth. Cf. Eighteenth, Tenth.] Eighteenth. [Obs.]
Eightfold
Eight"fold` (?), a. Eight times a quantity.
Eighth
Eighth (?), a. [AS. eahto.]
1. Next in order after the seventh.
2. Consisting of one of eight equal divisions of a thing.
Eighth note (Mus.), the eighth part of a whole note, or semibreve; a
quaver.
Eighth
Eighth, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eight; one of eight equal parts;
an eighth part.
2. (Mus.) The interval of an octave.
Eighthly
Eighth"ly, adv. As the eighth in order.
Eightieth
Eight"i*eth (?), a. [From Eighty.]
1. The next in order after seventy-ninth.
2. Consisting of one of eighty equal parts or divisions.
Eightieth
Eight"i*eth, n. The quotient of a unit divided by eighty; one of
eighty equal parts.
Eightling
Eight"ling (?), n. [Eight + -ling.] (Crystallog.) A compound or twin
crystal made up of eight individuals.
Eightscore
Eight"score` (?), a. & n. Eight times twenty; a hundred and sixty.
Eighty
Eight"y (?), a. [AS. eahtatig, where the ending -tig is akin to
English ten; cf. G. achtzig. See Eight, and Ten.] Eight times ten;
fourscore.
Eighty
Eight"y, n.
1. The sum of eight times ten; eighty units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eighty units, or ten eight times repeated, as
80 or lxxx.
Eigne
Eigne (?), a. [OF. aisn\'82, ainsn\'82, F. a\'8cn\'82, fr. L. ante
natus born before. Cf. Esnecy.]
1. (Law) Eldest; firstborn. Blackstone.
2. Entailed; belonging to the eldest son. [Obs.]
Bastard eigne, a bastard eldest son whose parents afterwards
intermarry.
Eiking
Eik"ing (?), n. (Naut.) See Eking.
Eikon
Ei"kon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. An image or effigy; -- used rather in an
abstract sense, and rarely for a work of art.
Eikosane
Ei"ko*sane (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A solid hydrocarbon, C20H42, of the
paraffine series, of artificial production, and also probably
occurring in petroleum.
Eikosylene
Ei*kos"y*lene (?), n. [Gr. ylene.] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon,
C20H38, of the acetylene series, obtained from brown coal.
Eild
Eild (?), n. [See Eld.] Age. [Obs.] Fairfax.
Eire
Eire (?), n. Air. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eirenarch
Ei`re*narch (?), n. [See Irenarch.] (Gr. Antiq.) A justice of the
peace; irenarch.
Eirenic
Ei*ren"ic (?), a. Pacific. See Irenic.
Eirie
Ei"rie (?), n. See Aerie, and Eyrie.
Eisel
Ei"sel (?), n. [OF. aisil, aissil, fr. L. acet. Cf. Acetic.] Vinegar;
verjuice. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
Eisteddfod
Eis*tedd"fod (?), n. [W., session, fr. eistedd to sit.] Am assembly or
session of the Welsh bards; an annual congress of bards, minstrels and
literati of Wales, -- being a patriotic revival of the old custom.
Either
Ei"ther (?; 277), a. & pron. [OE. either, aither, AS. , (akin to OHG.
, MHG. iegeweder); \'be + ge + hw\'91 whether. See Each, and Whether,
and cf. Or, conj.]
1. One of two; the one or the other; -- properly used of two things,
but sometimes of a larger number, for any one.
Lepidus flatters both, Of both is flattered; but he neither loves,
Nor either cares for him. Shak.
Scarce a palm of ground could be gotten by either of the three.
Bacon.
There have been three talkers in Great British, either of whom
would illustrate what I say about dogmatists. Holmes.
2. Each of two; the one and the other; both; -- formerly, also, each
of any number.
His flowing hair In curls on either cheek played. Milton.
On either side . . . was there the tree of life. Rev. xxii. 2.
The extreme right and left of either army never engaged. Jowett
(Thucyd).
Either
Ei"ther, conj. Either precedes two, or more, co\'94rdinate words or
phrases, and is introductory to an alternative. It is correlative to
or.
Either he is talking, or he is pursuing, or he is in a journey, or
peradventure he sleepeth. 1 Kings xviii. 27.
Few writers hesitate to use either in what is called a triple
alternative; such as, We must either stay where we are, proceed, or
recede. Latham.
NOTE: &hand; Ei ther wa s fo rmerly so metimes us ed wi thout an y
correlation, and where we should now use or.
Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries? either a vine,
figs?? James iii. 12.
Ejaculate
E*jac"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ejaculated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ejaculating.] [L. ejaculatus, p. p. of ejaculari to throw out; e out +
ejaculari to throw, fr. jaculum javelin, dart, fr. jacere to throw.
See Eject.]
1. To throw out suddenly and swiftly, as if a dart; to dart; to eject.
[Archaic or Technical]
Its active rays ejaculated thence. Blackmore.
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Page 475
2. To throw out, as an exclamation; to utter by a brief and sudden
impulse; as, to ejaculate a prayer.
Ejaculate
E*jac"u*late (?), v. i. To utter ejaculations; to make short and hasty
exclamations. [R.] "Ejaculating to himself." Sir W. Scott.
Ejaculation
E*jac`u*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82jaculation.]
1. The act of throwing or darting out with a sudden force and rapid
flight. [Archaic or Technical] "An ejaculation or irradiation of the
eye." Bacon.
2. The uttering of a short, sudden exclamation or prayer, or the
exclamation or prayer uttered.
In your dressing, let there be jaculations fitted to the several
actions of dressing. Jer. Taylor.
3. (Physiol.) The act of ejecting or suddenly throwing, as a fluid
from a duct.
Ejaculator
E*jac"u*la`tor (?), n. [NL. See Ejaculate.] (Anat.) A muscle which
helps ejaculation.
Ejaculatory
E*jac"u*la*to*ry (?), a.
1. Casting or throwing out; fitted to eject; as, ejaculatory vessels.
2. Suddenly darted out; uttered in short sentences; as, an ejaculatory
prayer or petition.
3. Sudden; hasty. [Obs.] "Ejaculatory repentances, that take us by
fits and starts." L'Estrange.
Eject
E*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ejected; p. pr. & vb. n. Ejecting.]
[L. ejectus, p. p. of ejicere; e out + jacere to throw. See Jet a
shooting forth.]
1. To expel; to dismiss; to cast forth; to thrust or drive out; to
discharge; as, to eject a person from a room; to eject a traitor from
the country; to eject words from the language. "Eyes ejecting flame."
H. Brooke.
2. (Law) To cast out; to evict; to dispossess; as, to eject tenants
from an estate. Syn. -- To expel; banish; drive out; discharge; oust;
evict; dislodge; extrude; void.
Ejection
E*jec"tion (?), n. [L. ejectio: cf. F. \'82jection.]
1. The act of ejecting or casting out; discharge; expulsion;
evacuation. "Vast ejection of ashes." Eustace. "The ejection of a
word." Johnson.
2. (Physiol.) The act or process of discharging anything from the
body, particularly the excretions.
3. The state of being ejected or cast out; dispossession; banishment.
Ejectment
E*ject"ment (?), n.
1. A casting out; a dispossession; an expulsion; ejection; as, the
ejectment of tenants from their homes.
2. (Law) A species of mixed action, which lies for the recovery of
possession of real property, and damages and costs for the wrongful
withholding of it. Wharton.
Ejector
E*ject"or (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, ejects or dispossesses.
2. (Mech.) A jet jump for lifting water or withdrawing air from a
space.
Ejector condenser (Steam Engine), a condenser in which the vacuum is
maintained by a jet pump.
Ejoo
E"joo (?), n. [Malay \'c6j or h\'c6j.] Gomuti fiber. See Gomuti.
Ejulation
Ej`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. ejulatio, fr. ejulare to wail, lament.] A
wailing; lamentation. [Obs.] "Ejulation in the pangs of death."
Philips.
Ekabor, Ekaboron
Ek"a*bor` (?), Ek"a*bo"ron (?), n. [G., fr. Skr. one + G. bor, boron,
E. boron.] (Chem.) The name given by Mendelejeff in accordance with
the periodic law, and by prediction, to a hypothetical element then
unknown, but since discovered and named scandium; -- so called because
it was a missing analogue of the boron group. See Scandium.
Ekaluminium
Ek*al`u*min"i*um (?), n. [Skr. one + E. aluminium.] (Chem.) The name
given to a hypothetical element, -- later discovered and called
gallium. See Gallium, and cf. Ekabor.
Ekasilicon
Ek`a*sil"i*con (?), n. [Skr. one + E. silicon.] (Chem.) The name of a
hypothetical element predicted and afterwards discovered and named
germanium; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of the
silicon group. See Germanium, and cf. Ekkabor.
Eke
Eke (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eking.] [AS.
\'c7kan, \'dfkan; akin to OFries, \'beka, OS. , OHG. ouhh\'d3n to add,
Icel. auka to increase, Sw. \'94ka, Dan. \'94ge, Goth. aukan, L.
augere, Skr. strength, ugra mighty, and probably to English wax, v. i.
Cf. Augment, Nickname.] To increase; to add to; to augment; -- now
commonly used with out, the notion conveyed being to add to, or piece
out by a laborious, inferior, or scanty addition; as, to eke out a
scanty supply of one kind with some other. "To eke my pain." Spenser.
He eked out by his wits an income of barely fifty pounds. Macaulay.
Eke
Eke, adv. [AS. e\'a0c; akin to OFries. \'a0k, OS. , D. , OHG. ouh, G.
auch, Icel. auk, Sw. och and, Dan. og, Goth. auk for, but. Prob. from
the preceding verb.] In addition; also; likewise. [Obs. or Archaic]
'T will be prodigious hard to prove That this is eke the throne of
love. Prior.
A trainband captain eke was he Of famous London town. Cowper.
NOTE: &hand; Ek e se rves le ss to unite than to render prominent a
subjoined more important sentence or notion.
M\'84tzner.
Eke
Eke, n. An addition. [R.]
Clumsy ekes that may well be spared. Geddes.
Ekebergite
Ek"e*berg`ite (?), n. [From Ekeberg, a German.] (Min.) A variety of
scapolite.
Ekename
Eke"name` (?), n. [See Nickname.] An additional or epithet name; a
nickname. [Obs.]
Eking
Ek"ing (?), n. [From Eke, v. t.] (Shipbuilding) (a) A lengthening or
filling piece to make good a deficiency in length. (b) The carved work
under the quarter piece at the aft part of the quarter gallery.
[Written also eiking.]
E-la
E"-la` (?), n. Originally, the highest note in the scale of Guido;
hence, proverbially, any extravagant saying. "Why, this is above
E-la!" Beau. & Fl.
Elaborate
E*lab"o*rate (?), a. [L. elaboratus, p. p. of elaborare to work out; e
out + laborare to labor, labor labor. See Labor.] Wrought with labor;
finished with great care; studied; executed with exactness or
painstaking; as, an elaborate discourse; an elaborate performance;
elaborate research.
Drawn to the life in each elaborate page. Waller.
Syn. -- Labored; complicated; studied; perfected; high-wrought. --
E*lab"o*rate*ly, adv. -- E*lab"o*rate*ness, n.
Elaborate
E*lab"o*rate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elaborated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elaborating (?).]
1. To produce with labor
They in full joy elaborate a sigh, Young.
2. To perfect with painstaking; to improve or refine with labor and
study, or by successive operations; as, to elaborate a painting or a
literary work.
The sap is . . . still more elaborated and exalted as it circulates
through the vessels of the plant. Arbuthnot.
Elaboration
E*lab`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L. elaboratio: cf. F. \'82laboration.]
1. The act or process of producing or refining with labor; improvement
by successive operations; refinement.
2. (Physiol.) The natural process of formation or assimilation,
performed by the living organs in animals and vegetables, by which a
crude substance is changed into something of a higher order; as, the
elaboration of food into chyme; the elaboration of chyle, or sap, or
tissues.
Elaborative
E*lab"o*ra*tive (?), a. Serving or tending to elaborate; constructing
with labor and minute attention to details. Elaborative faculty
(Metaph.), the intellectual power of discerning relations and of
viewing objects by means of, or in, relations; the discursive faculty;
thought.
Elaborator
E*lab"o*ra`tor (?), n. One who, or that which, elaborates.
Elaboratory
E*lab"o*ra*to*ry (?), a. Tending to elaborate.
Elaboratory
E*lab"o*ra*to*ry, n. A laboratory. [Obs.]
El\'91agnus
E`l\'91*ag"nus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or small
trees, having the foliage covered with small silvery scales; oleaster.
El\'91is
E*l\'91"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of palms.
NOTE: &hand; El \'91is Gu ineensis, the African oil palm, is a tree
twenty or thirty feet high, with immense pinnate leaves and large
masses of fruit. The berries are rather larger than olives, and
when boiled in water yield the orange-red palm oil.
El\'91olite
E*l\'91"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A variety of hephelite,
usually massive, of greasy luster, and gray to reddish color.
El\'91olite syenite, a kind of syenite characterized by the presence
of el\'91olite.
El\'91optene
E`l\'91*op"tene (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) The more liquid or volatile
portion of certain oily substance, as distinguished from stearoptene,
the more solid parts. [Written also elaoptene.]
Elaidate
E*la"i*date (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of elaidic acid.
Elaidic
E`la*id"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82la\'8bdique. See Elaine.] Relating to
oleic acid, or elaine. Elaidic acid (Chem.), a fatty acid isomeric
with oleic acid, and obtained from it by the action of nitrous acid.
Elaidin
E*la"i*din (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82la\'8bdine.] (Chem.) A solid isomeric
modification of olein.
Elaine, OR Elain
E*la"ine (?), OR E*la"in, n. [Gr. \'82la\'8bne.] (Chem.) Same as
Olein.
Elaiodic
E`lai*od"ic (?), a. [Gr. (Chem.) Derived from castor oil; ricinoleic;
as, elaiodic acid. [R.]
Elaiometer
E`lai*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Chem.) An apparatus for
determining the amount of oil contained in any substance, or for
ascertaining the degree of purity of oil.
Elamite
E"lam*ite (?), n. A dweller in Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom
of Southwestern Asia, afterwards a province of Persia.
Elamping
E*lamp"ing (?), a. [See Lamp.] Shining. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
(?), b. [F., fr. \'82lancer to dart.] Ardor inspired by passion or enthusiasm.
Elance
E*lance" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elancing (?).] [F. \'82lancer, OF. eslancier; pref. es- (L. ex) + F.
lancer to dart, throw, fr. lance.] To throw as a lance; to hurl; to
dart. [R.]
While thy unerring hand elanced . . . a dart. Prior.
Eland
E"land (?), n. [D. eland elk, of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. jelen stag,
Russ. ol\'82ne, Lith. elnis; perh. akin to E. elk.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A species of large South African antelope (Oreas canna).
It is valued both for its hide and flesh, and is rapidly disappearing
in the settled districts; -- called also Cape elk.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The elk or moose.
Elanet
E*la"net (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A kite of the genus Elanus.
Elaolite
E*la"o*lite (?), n. (Min.) See El\'91olite.
Elaoptene
E`la*op"tene (?), n. (Chem.) See El\'91optene.
Elaphine
El"a*phine (?), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, resembling, or
characteristic of, the stag, or Cervus elaphus.
Elaphure
El"a*phure (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of deer (Elaphurus Davidianus)
found in china. It about four feet high at the shoulder and has
peculiar antlers.
Elapidation
E*lap`i*da"tion (?), n. [L. elapidatus cleared from stones; e out +
lapis stone.] A clearing away of stones. [R.]
Elapine
El"a*pine (?), a. [See Elaps.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the
Elapid\'91, a family of poisonous serpents, including the cobras. See
Ophidia.
Elaps
E"laps (?), n. [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
venomous snakes found both in America and the Old World. Many species
are known. See Coral snake, under Coral.
Elapse
E*lapse" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Elapsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elapsing.] [L. elapsus, p. p. of elabi to glide away; e out + labi to
fall, slide. See Lapse.] To slip or glide away; to pass away silently,
as time; -- used chiefly in reference to time.
Eight days elapsed; at length a pilgrim came. Hoole.
Elapsion
E*lap"sion (?), n. The act of elapsing. [R.]
Elaqueate
E*la"que*ate (?), v. t. [L. elaqueatus, p. p. of elaqueare to
unfetter.] To disentangle. [R.]
Elasipoda
El`a*sip"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of
holothurians mostly found in the deep sea. They are remarkable for
their bilateral symmetry and curious forms. [Written also Elasmopoda.]
Elasmobranch
E*las"mo*branch (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Elasmobranchii. -- n. One of the Elasmobranchii.
Elasmobranchiate
E*las`mo*bran"chi*ate (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
Elasmobranchii. -- n. One of the Elasmobranchii.
Elasmobranchii
E*las`mo*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. branchia a gill.]
(Zo\'94l.) A subclass of fishes, comprising the sharks, the rays, and
the Chim\'91ra. The skeleton is mainly cartilaginous.
Elasmosaurus
E*las`mo*sau"rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct,
long-necked, marine, cretaceous reptile from Kansas, allied to
Plesiosaurus.
Elastic
E*las"tic (?), a. [Formed fr. Gr. alacer lively, brisk, and E.
alacrity: cf. F. \'82lastique.]
1. Springing back; having a power or inherent property of returning to
the form from which a substance is bent, drawn, pressed, or twisted;
springy; having the power of rebounding; as, a bow is elastic; the air
is elastic; India rubber is elastic.
Capable of being drawn out by force like a piece of elastic gum,
and by its own elasticity returning, when the force is removed, to
its former position. Paley.
2. Able to return quickly to a former state or condition, after being
depressed or overtaxed; having power to recover easily from shocks and
trials; as, elastic spirits; an elastic constitution.
Elastic bitumen. (Min.) See Elaterite. -- Elastic curve. (a) (Geom.)
The curve made by a thin elastic rod fixed horizontally at one end and
loaded at the other. (b) (Mech.) The figure assumed by the
longitudinal axis of an originally straight bar under any system of
bending forces. Rankine. -- Elastic fluids, those which have the
property of expanding in all directions on the removal of external
pressure, as the air, steam, and other gases and vapors. -- Elastic
limit (Mech.), the limit of distortion, by bending, stretching, etc.,
that a body can undergo and yet return to its original form when
relieved from stress; also, the unit force or stress required to
produce this distortion. Within the elastic limit the distortion is
directly proportional to the stress producing it. -- Elastic tissue
(Anat.), a variety of connective tissue consisting of a network of
slender and very elastic fibers which are but slightly affected by
acids or alkalies. -- Gum elastic, caoutchouc.
Elastic
E*las"tic, n. An elastic woven fabric, as a belt, braces or
suspenders, etc., made in part of India rubber. [Colloq.]
Elastical
E*las"tic*al (?), a. Elastic. [R.] Bentley.
Elastically
E*las"tic*al*ly, adv. In an elastic manner; by an elastic power; with
a spring.
Elasticity
E`las*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lasticit\'82.]
1. The quality of being elastic; the inherent property in bodies by
which they recover their former figure or dimensions, after the
removal of external pressure or altering force; springiness; tendency
to rebound; as, the elasticity of caoutchouc; the elasticity of the
air.
2. Power of resistance to, or recovery from, depression or overwork.
Coefficient of elasticity, the quotient of a stress (of a given kind),
by the strain (of a given kind) which it produces; -- called also
coefficient of resistance. -- Surface of elasticity (Geom.), the pedal
surface of an ellipsoid (see Pedal); a surface used in explaining the
phenomena of double refraction and their relation to the elastic force
of the luminous ether in crystalline media.
Elasticness
E*las"tic*ness (?), n. The quality of being elastic; elasticity.
Elastin
E*las"tin (?), n. [Elastic + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous
substance, somewhat resembling albumin, which forms the chemical basis
of elastic tissue. It is very insoluble in most fluids, but is
gradually dissolved when digested with either pepsin or trypsin.
Elate
E*late" (?), a. [L. elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure,
perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out + latus (used as
p. p. of ferre to bear), for tlatus, and akin to E. tolerate. See
Tolerate, and cf. Extol.]
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1. Lifted up; raised; elevated.
With upper lip elate. Fenton.
And sovereign law, that State's collected will, O'er thrones and
globes, elate, Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill. Sir W.
Jones.
2. Having the spirits raised by success, or by hope; flushed or
exalted with confidence; elated; exultant.
O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate, Too soon dejected, and
dejected, and too soon elate. Pope.
Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own esteem,
wonderfully elate at its progress. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
Syn. -- Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted; inspirited;
transported; delighted; overjoyed.
Elate
E*late" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elating.]
1. To raise; to exalt. [R.]
By the potent sun elated high. Thomson.
2. To exalt the spirit of; to fill with confidence or exultation; to
elevate or flush with success; to puff up; to make proud.
Foolishly elated by spiritual pride. Warburton.
You ought not be elated at the chance mishaps of your enemies.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Elatedly
E*lat"ed*ly (?), adv. With elation.
Elatedness
E*lat"ed*ness, n. The state of being elated.
Elater
E*lat"er (?), n. One who, or that which, elates.
Elater
El"a*ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Bot.) An elastic spiral filament for dispersing the spores, as in
some liverworts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any beetle of the family Elaterid\'91, having the habit,
when laid on the back, of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick
movement of the articulation between the abdomen and thorax; -- called
also click beetle, spring beetle, and snapping beetle.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The caudal spring used by Podura and related insects for
leaping. See Collembola.
Elater
El"a*ter (?), n. (Chem.) The active principle of elaterium, being
found in the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium
agreste, formerly Motordica Elaterium) and other related species. It
is extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance, which is a
violent purgative.
Elaterite
El"a*ter*ite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral resin, of a blackish brown
color, occurring in soft, flexible masses; -- called also mineral
caoutchouc, and elastic bitumen.
Elaterium
El`a*te"ri*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Elater.] A cathartic substance
obtained, in the form of yellowish or greenish cakes, as the dried
residue of the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium
agreste, formerly called Momordica Elaterium).
Elaterometer
El`a*ter*om"e*ter (?), n. Same as Elatrometer.
Elatery
El"a*ter*y (?), n. [See 2d Elater.] Acting force; elasticity. [Obs.]
Ray.
Elation
E*la"tion (?), n. [L. elatio. See Elate.] A lifting up by success;
exaltation; inriation with pride of prosperity. "Felt the elation of
triumph." Sir W. Scott.
Elative
E*la"tive (?), a. (Gram.) Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what
is also called the absolute superlative, denoting a high or intense
degree of a quality, but not excluding the idea that an equal degree
may exist in other cases.
Elatrometer
El`a*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for
measuring the degree of rarefaction of air contained in the receiver
of an air pump. [Spelt also elaterometer.]
Elayl
E*la"yl (?), n. [Gr. yl.] (Chem.) Olefiant gas or ethylene; -- so
called by Berzelius from its forming an oil combining with chlorine.
[Written also elayle.] See Ethylene.
Elbow
El"bow (?), n. [AS. elboga, elnboga (akin to D. elleboga, OHG.
elinbogo, G. ellbogen, ellenbogen, Icel. ; prop.; arm-bend); eln ell
(orig., forearm) + boga a bending. See 1st Ell, and 4th Bow.]
1. The joint or bend of the arm; the outer curve in the middle of the
arm when bent.
Her arms to the elbows naked. R. of Gloucester.
2. Any turn or bend like that of the elbow, in a wall, building, and
the like; a sudden turn in a line of coast or course of a river; also,
an angular or jointed part of any structure, as the raised arm of a
chair or sofa, or a short pipe fitting, turning at an angle or bent.
3. (Arch.) A sharp angle in any surface of wainscoting or other
woodwork; the upright sides which flank any paneled work, as the sides
of windows, where the jamb makes an elbow with the window back. Gwilt.
NOTE: &hand; Elbow is used adjectively or as part of a compound, to
denote something shaped like, or acting like, an elbow; as, elbow
joint; elbow tongs or elbow-tongs; elbowroom, elbow-room, or elbow
room.
At the elbow, very near; at hand. -- Elbow grease, energetic
application of force in manual labor. [Low] -- Elbow in the hawse
(Naut.), the twisting together of two cables by which a vessel rides
at anchor, caused by swinging completely round once. Totten. -- Elbow
scissors (Surg.), scissors bent in the blade or shank for convenience
in cutting. Knight. -- Out at elbow, with coat worn through at the
elbows; shabby; in needy circumstances.
Elbow
El"bow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elbowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elbowing.] To
push or hit with the elbow, as when one pushes by another.
They [the Dutch] would elbow our own aldermen off the Royal
Exchange. Macaulay.
To elbow one's way, to force one's way by pushing with the elbows; as,
to elbow one's way through a crowd.
Elbow
El"bow (?), v. i.
1. To jut into an angle; to project or to bend after the manner of an
elbow.
2. To push rudely along; to elbow one's way. "Purseproud, elbowing
Insolence." Grainger.
Elbowboard
El"bow*board` (?), n. The base of a window casing, on which the elbows
may rest.
Elbowchair
El"bow*chair` (?), n. A chair with arms to support the elbows; an
armchair. Addison.
Elbowroom
El"bow*room` (?), n. Room to extend the elbows on each side; ample
room for motion or action; free scope. "My soul hath elbowroom." Shak.
Then came a stretch of grass and a little more elbowroom. W. G.
Norris.
Elcaja
El*ca"ja (?), n. [Ar.] (Bot.) An Arabian tree (Trichilia emetica). The
fruit, which is emetic, is sometimes employed in the composition of an
ointment for the cure of the itch.
Elcesaite
El*ce"sa*ite (?), n. [From Elcesai, the leader of the sect.] (Eccl.)
One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the Emperor Trajan.
Eld
Eld (?), a. [AS. eald.] Old. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eld
Eld, n. [AS. yldu, yldo, eldo, old age, fr. ald, eald, old. See Old.]
1. Age; esp., old age. [Obs. or Archaic]
As sooth is said, eelde hath great avantage. Chaucer.
Great Nature, ever young, yet full of eld. Spenser.
2. Old times; former days; antiquity. [Poetic]
Astrologers and men of eld. Longfellow.
Eld
Eld, v. i. To age; to grow old. [Obs.]
Eld
Eld, v. t. To make old or ancient. [Obs.]
Time, that eldeth all things. Rom. of R.
Elder
Eld"er (?), a. [AS. yldra, compar. of eald old. See Old.]
1. Older; more aged, or existing longer.
Let the elder men among us emulate their own earlier deeds. Jowett
(Thucyd. )
2. Born before another; prior in years; senior; earlier; older; as,
his elder brother died in infancy; -- opposed to younger, and now
commonly applied to a son, daughter, child, brother, etc.
The elder shall serve the younger. Gen. xxv. 23.
But ask of elder days, earth's vernal hour. Keble.
Elder hand (Card Playing), the hand playing, or having the right to
play, first. Hoyle.
Elder
Eld"er, n. [AS. ealdor an elder, prince, fr. eald old. See Old, and
cf. Elder, a., Alderman.]
1. One who is older; a superior in age; a senior. 1 Tim. v. 1.
2. An aged person; one who lived at an earlier period; a predecessor.
Carry your head as your elders have done. L'Estrange.
3. A person who, on account of his age, occupies the office of ruler
or judge; hence, a person occupying any office appropriate to such as
have the experience and dignity which age confers; as, the elders of
Israel; the elders of the synagogue; the elders in the apostolic
church.
NOTE: &hand; In th e mo dern Presbyterian churches, elders are lay
officers who, with the minister, compose the church session, with
authority to inspect and regulate matters of religion and
discipline. In some churches, pastors or clergymen are called
elders, or presbyters.
4. (M. E. Ch.) A clergyman authorized to administer all the
sacraments; as, a traveling elder.
Presiding elder (Meth. Ch.), an elder commissioned by a bishop to have
the oversight of the churches and preachers in a certain district. --
Ruling elder, a lay presbyter or member of a Presbyterian church
session. Schaff.
Elder
El"der (?), n. [OE. ellern, eller, AS. ellen, cf. LG. elloorn; perh.
akin to OHG. holantar, holuntar, G. holunder; or perh. to E. alder,
n.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs (Sambucus) having broad umbels of white
flowers, and small black or red berries.
NOTE: &hand; Th e co mmon No rth Am erican sp ecies is Sa mbucus
Canadensis; the common European species (S. nigra) forms a small
tree. The red-berried elder is S. pubens. The berries are
diaphoretic and aperient.
Box elder. See under 1st Box. -- Dwarf elder. See Danewort. -- Elder
tree. (Bot.) Same as Elder. Shak. -- Marsh elder, the cranberry tree
Viburnum Opulus).
Elderish
Eld"er*ish (?), a. Somewhat old; elderly. [R.]
Elderly
Eld"er*ly, a. Somewhat old; advanced beyond middle age; bordering on
old age; as, elderly people.
Eldern
El"dern (?), a. Made of elder. [Obs.]
He would discharge us as boys do eldern guns. Marston.
Eldership
Eld"er*ship (?), n.
1. The state of being older; seniority. "Paternity an eldership." Sir
W. Raleigh.
2. Office of an elder; collectively, a body of elders.
Elderwort
El"der*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) Danewort.
Eldest
Eld"est (?), a. [AS. yldest, superl. of eald old. See Elder, a.]
1. Oldest; longest in duration. Shak.
2. Born or living first, or before the others, as a son, daughter,
brother, etc.; first in origin. See Elder. "My lady's eldest son."
Shak.
Their eldest historians are of suspected credit. Bp. Stillingfleet.
Eldest hand (Card Playing), the player on the dealer's left hand. R.
A. Proctor.
Elding
El"ding (?), n. [Icel. elding, fr. elda to kindle, eldr fire; akin to
AS. \'91ld fire, \'91lan to burn.] Fuel. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.
El Dorado
El` Do*ra"do (?), pl. El Doradoes (. [Sp., lit., the gilt (sc. land);
el the + dorado gilt, p. p. of dorare to gild. Cf. Dorado.]
1. A name given by the Spaniards in the 16th century to an imaginary
country in the interior of South America, reputed to abound in gold
and precious stones.
2. Any region of fabulous wealth; exceeding richness.
The whole comedy is a sort of El Dorado of wit. T. Moore.
Eldritch
El"dritch (?), a. Hideous; ghastly; as, an eldritch shriek or laugh.
[Local, Eng.]
Eleatic
E`le*at"ic (?), a. [L. eleaticus, from Elea (or Velia) in Italy.] Of
or pertaining to a certain school of Greek philosophers who taught
that the only certain science is that which owes nothing to the
senses, and all to the reason. -- n. A philosopher of the Eleatic
school.
Eleaticism
E`le*at"i*cism (?), n. The Eleatic doctrine.
Elecampane
El`e*cam*pane" (?), n. [F. \'82nulecampane, NL. inula campana; L.
inula elecampane + LL. campana a bell; cf. G. glockenwurz, i. e.,
"bellwort."]
1. (Bot.) A large, coarse herb (Inula Helenium), with composite yellow
flowers. The root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, and
was formerly of much repute as a stomachic.
2. A sweetmeat made from the root of the plant.
Elect
E*lect" (?), a. [L. electus, p. p. of eligere to elect; e out + legere
to choose. See Legend, and cf. Elite, Eclectic.]
1. Chosen; taken by preference from among two or more. "Colors quaint
elect." Spenser.
2. (Theol.) Chosen as the object of mercy or divine favor; set apart
to eternal life. "The elect angels." 1 Tim. v. 21.
3. Chosen to an office, but not yet actually inducted into it; as,
bishop elect; governor or mayor elect.
Elect
E*lect", n.
1. One chosen or set apart.
Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul
delighteth. Is. xlii. 1.
2. pl. (Theol.) Those who are chosen for salvation.
Shall not God avenge his won elect? Luke xviii. 7.
Elect
E*lect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elected; p. pr. & vb. n. Electing.]
1. To pick out; to select; to choose.
The deputy elected by the Lord. Shak.
2. To select or take for an office; to select by vote; as, to elect a
representative, a president, or a governor.
3. (Theol.) To designate, choose, or select, as an object of mercy or
favor. Syn. -- To choose; prefer; select. See Choose.
Electant
E*lect"ant (?), n. [L. electans, p. pr. of electare.] One who has the
power of choosing; an elector. [R.]
Electary
E*lec"ta*ry (?), n. (Med.) See Electuary.
Electic
E*lec"tic (?), a. See Eclectic.
Electicism
E*lec"ti*cism (?), n. See Eclecticism.
Election
E*lec"tion (?), n. [F. \'82lection, L. electio, fr. eligere to choose
out. See Elect, a.]
1. The act of choosing; choice; selection.
2. The act of choosing a person to fill an office, or to membership in
a society, as by ballot, uplifted hands, or viva voce; as, the
election of a president or a mayor.
Corruption in elections is the great enemy of freedom. J. Adams.
3. Power of choosing; free will; liberty to choose or act. "By his own
election led to ill." Daniel.
4. Discriminating choice; discernment. [Obs.]
To use men with much difference and election is good. Bacon.
5. (Theol.) Divine choice; predestination of individuals as objects of
mercy and salvation; -- one of the "five points" of Calvinism.
There is a remnant according to the election of grace. Rom. xi. 5.
6. (Law) The choice, made by a party, of two alternatives, by taking
one of which, the chooser is excluded from the other.
7. Those who are elected. [Obs.]
The election hath obtained it. Rom. xi. 7.
To contest an election. See under Contest. -- To make one's election,
to choose.
He has made his election to walk, in the main, in the old paths.
Fitzed. Hall.
Electioneer
E*lec`tion*eer" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Electionered (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Electioneering.] To make interest for a candidate at an
election; to use arts for securing the election of a candidate.
A master of the whole art of electioneering. Macaulay.
Electioneerer
E*lec`tion*eer"er (?), n. One who electioneers.
Elective
E*lect"ive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82lectif.]
1. Exerting the power of choice; selecting; as, an elective act.
2. Pertaining to, or consisting in, choice, or right of choosing;
electoral.
The independent use of their elective franchise. Bancroft.
3. Dependent on choice; bestowed or passing by election; as, an
elective study; an elective office.
Kings of Rome were at first elective; . . . for such are the
conditions of an elective kingdom. Dryden.
Elective affinity OR attraction (Chem.), a tendency to unite with
certain things; chemism.
Elective
E*lect"ive, n. In an American college, an optional study or course of
study. [Colloq.]
Electively
E*lect"ive*ly, adv. In an elective manner; by choice.
Elector
E*lect"or (?), n. [L., fr. eligere: cf. F. \'82lecteur.]
1. One who elects, or has the right of choice; a person who is
entitled to take part in an election, or to give his vote in favor of
a candidate for office.
2. Hence, specifically, in any country, a person legally qualified to
vote.
3. In the old German empire, one of the princes entitled to choose the
emperor.
4. One of the persons chosen, by vote of the people in the United
States, to elect the President and Vice President.
Elector
E*lect"or (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82lectoral.] Pertaining to an election or
to electors.
In favor of the electoral and other princes. Burke.
Electoral college, the body of princes formerly entitled to elect the
Emperor of Germany; also, a name sometimes given, in the United
States, to the body of electors chosen by the people to elect the
President and Vice President.
Electorality
E*lect`or*al"i*ty (?), n. The territory or dignity of an elector;
electorate. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 477
Electorate
E*lect"or*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectorat.]
1. The territory, jurisdiction, or dignity of an elector, as in the
old German empire.
2. The whole body of persons in a nation or state who are entitled to
vote in an election, or any distinct class or division of them.
The middle-class electorate of Great Britain. M. Arnold.
Electoress
E*lect"or*ess (?), n. [Fem. of Elector.] An electress. Bp. Burnet.
Electorial
E`lec*to"ri*al (?), a. Electoral. Burke.
Electorship
E*lect"or*ship (?), n. The office or status of an elector.
Electre, Electer
E*lec"tre, E*lec"ter (?), n. [L. electrum: cf. F. \'82lectre mixture
of gold and silver. See Electrum.]
1. Amber. See Electrum. [Obs.]
2. A metallic substance compounded of gold and silver; an alloy.
[Obs.] Wyclif.
Electrepeter
E`lec*trep"e*ter (?), n. [Electro + Gr. An instrument used to change
the direction of electric currents; a commutator. [R.]
Electress
E*lect"ress (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectrice. Cf. Electoress.] The wife or
widow of an elector in the old German empire. Burke.
Electric, Electrical
E*lec"tric (?), E*lec"tric*al (?), a. [L. electrum amber, a mixed
metal, Gr. arc to beam, shine: cf. F. \'82lectrique. The name came
from the production of electricity by the friction of amber.]
1. Pertaining to electricity; consisting of, containing, derived from,
or produced by, electricity; as, electric power or virtue; an electric
jar; electric effects; an electric spark.
2. Capable of occasioning the phenomena of electricity; as, an
electric or electrical machine or substance.
3. Electrifying; thrilling; magnetic. "Electric Pindar." Mrs.
Browning.
Electric atmosphere, OR Electric aura. See under Aura. -- Electrical
battery. See Battery. -- Electrical brush. See under Brush. --
Electric cable. See Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. -- Electric
candle. See under Candle. -- Electric cat (Zo\'94l.), one of three or
more large species of African catfish of the genus Malapterurus (esp.
M. electricus of the Nile). They have a large electrical organ and are
able to give powerful shocks; -- called also sheathfish. -- Electric
clock. See under Clock, and see Electro-chronograph. -- Electric
current, a current or stream of electricity traversing a closed
circuit formed of conducting substances, or passing by means of
conductors from one body to another which is in a different electrical
state. -- Electric, OR Electrical, eel (Zo\'94l.), a South American
eel-like fresh-water fish of the genus Gymnotus (G. electricus), from
two to five feet in length, capable of giving a violent electric
shock. See Gymnotus. -- Electrical fish (Zo\'94l.), any fish which has
an electrical organ by means of which it can give an electrical shock.
The best known kinds are the torpedo, the gymnotus, or electrical eel,
and the electric cat. See Torpedo, and Gymnotus. -- Electric fluid,
the supposed matter of electricity; lightning. -- Electrical image
(Elec.), a collection of electrical points regarded as forming, by an
analogy with optical phenomena, an image of certain other electrical
points, and used in the solution of electrical problems. Sir W.
Thomson. -- Electrical light, the light produced by a current of
electricity which in passing through a resisting medium heats it to
incandescence or burns it. See under Carbon. -- Electric, OR
Electrical, machine, an apparatus for generating, collecting, or
exciting, electricity, as by friction. -- Electric motor. See
Electro-motor,
2. --
Electric osmose. (Physics) See under Osmose. -- Electric pen, a hand
pen for making perforated stencils for multiplying writings. It has a
puncturing needle driven at great speed by a very small
magneto-electric engine on the penhandle. -- Electric railway, a
railway in which the machinery for moving the cars is driven by an
electric current. -- Electric ray (Zo\'94l.), the torpedo. -- Electric
telegraph. See Telegraph.
Electric
E*lec"tric (?), n. (Physics) A nonconductor of electricity, as amber,
glass, resin, etc., employed to excite or accumulate electricity.
Electrically
E*lec"tric*al*ly (?), adv. In the manner of electricity, or by means
of it; thrillingly.
Electricalness
E*lec"tric*al*ness, a. The state or quality of being electrical.
Electrician
E`lec*tri"cian (?), n. An investigator of electricity; one versed in
the science of electricity.
Electricity
E`lec*tric"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Electricities (#). [Cf. F.
\'82lectricit\'82. See Electric.]
1. A power in nature, a manifestation of energy, exhibiting itself
when in disturbed equilibrium or in activity by a circuit movement,
the fact of direction in which involves polarity, or opposition of
properties in opposite directions; also, by attraction for many
substances, by a law involving attraction between surfaces of unlike
polarity, and repulsion between those of like; by exhibiting
accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken; and by producing
heat, light, concussion, and often chemical changes when the circuit
passes between the poles or through any imperfectly conducting
substance or space. It is generally brought into action by any
disturbance of molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical,
physical, or mechanical, cause.
NOTE: &hand; El ectricity is ma nifested under following different
forms: (a)
Statical electricity, called also Frictional OR Common, electricity,
electricity in the condition of a stationary charge, in which the
disturbance is produced by friction, as of glass, amber, etc., or by
induction. (b) Dynamical electricity, called also Voltaic electricity,
electricity in motion, or as a current produced by chemical
decomposition, as by means of a voltaic battery, or by mechanical
action, as by dynamo-electric machines. (c) Thermoelectricity, in
which the disturbing cause is heat (attended possibly with some
chemical action). It is developed by uniting two pieces of unlike
metals in a bar, and then heating the bar unequally. (d) Atmospheric
electricity, any condition of electrical disturbance in the atmosphere
or clouds, due to some or all of the above mentioned causes. (e)
Magnetic electricity, electricity developed by the action of magnets.
(f) Positive electricity, the electricity that appears at the positive
pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced by friction of glass;
-- called also vitreous electricity. (g) Negative electricity, the
electricity that appears at the negative pole or cathode, or is
produced by the friction of resinous substance; -- called also
resinous electricity. (h) Organic electricity, that which is developed
in organic structures, either animal or vegetable, the phrase animal
electricity being much more common.
2. The science which unfolds the phenomena and laws of electricity;
electrical science.
3. Fig.: Electrifying energy or characteristic.
Electrifiable
E*lec"tri*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of receiving electricity, or of
being charged with it.
Electrification
E*lec`tri*fi*ca"tion (?), n. (Physics) The act of electrifying, or the
state of being charged with electricity.
Electrify
E*lec"tri*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrifying.] [Electric + -fy.]
1. To communicate electricity to; to charge with electricity; as, to
electrify a jar.
2. To cause electricity to pass through; to affect by electricity; to
give an electric shock to; as, to electrify a limb, or the body.
3. To excite suddenly and violently, esp. by something highly
delightful or inspiriting; to thrill; as, this patriotic sentiment
electrified the audience.
If the sovereign were now to immure a subject in defiance of the
writ of habeas corpus . . . the whole nation would be instantly
electrified by the news. Macaulay.
Try whether she could electrify Mr. Grandcourt by mentioning it to
him at table. G. Eliot.
Electrify
E*lec"tri*fy, v. i. To become electric.
Electrine
E*lec"trine (?), a. [L. electrinus of amber. See Electric.]
1. Belonging to, or made of, amber.
2. Made of electrum, an alloy used by the ancients.
Electrition
E`lec*tri"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The recognition by an animal body of
the electrical condition of external objects.
Electrization
E*lec`tri*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectrisation.] The act of
electrizing; electrification.
Electrize
E*lec"trize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrizing (?).] [Cf. F. \'82lectriser.] To electricity. Eng. Cyc.
Electrizer
E*lec"tri`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, electrizes.
Electro-
E*lec"tro- (?). [L. electrum amber. See Electric.] A prefix or
combining form signifying pertaining to electricity, produced by
electricity, producing or employing electricity, etc.; as,
electro-negative; electro-dynamic; electro-magnet.
Electro
E*lec"tro, n. An electrotype.
Electro-ballistic
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tic (?), a. Pertaining to electro-ballistics.
Electro-ballistics
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tics (?), n. The art or science of measuring the
force or velocity of projectiles by means of electricity.
Electro-biologist
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gist (?), n. (Biol.) One versed in electro-biology.
Electro-biology
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gy (?), n. (Biol.)
1. That branch of biology which treats of the electrical phenomena of
living organisms.
2. That phase of mesmerism or animal magnetism, the phenomena of which
are supposed to be produced by a form of electricity.
Electro-bioscopy
E*lec`tro-bi*os"co*py (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. -scopy.] (Biol.) A
method of determining the presence or absence of life in an animal
organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presence or
absence of muscular contraction.
Electro-capillarity
E*lec`tro-cap`il*lar"i*ty (?), n. (Physics) The occurrence or
production of certain capillary effects by the action of an electrical
current or charge.
Electro-capillary
E*lec`tro-cap"il*la*ry (?), a. (Physics) Pert. to, or caused by,
electro-capillarity.
Electro-chemical
E*lec`tro-chem"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to electro-chemistry.
Ure.
Electro-chemistry
E*lec`tro-chem"is*try (?), n. That branch of science which treats of
the relation of electricity to chemical changes.
Electro-chronograph
E*lec`tro-chron"o*graph (?), n. (Astron. Physics) An instrument for
obtaining an accurate record of the time at which any observed
phenomenon occurs, or of its duration. It has an electro-magnetic
register connected with a clock. See Chronograph.
Electro-chronographic
E*lec`tro-chron`o*graph"ic (?), a. Belonging to the
electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid of it.
Electrocute
E*lec"tro*cute` (?), v. t. [Electro- + cute in execute.] To execute or
put to death by electricity. -- E*lec`tro*cu"tion, n.
NOTE: [Recent; Newspaper words]
Electrode
E*lec"trode (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. \'82lectrode.] (Elec.) The path by
which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other
conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors, leading
from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium traversed by
the current.
Electro-dynamic, Electro-dynamical
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic (?), E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic*al (?), a. (Physics)
Pertaining to the movements or force of electric or galvanic currents;
dependent on electric force.
Electro-dynamics
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ics (?), n.
1. The phenomena of electricity in motion.
2. The branch of science which treats of the properties of electric
currents; dynamical electricity.
Electro-dynamometer
E*lec`tro-dy`na*mom"e*ter (?), n. An instrument for measuring the
strength of electro-dynamic currents.
Electro-engraving
E*lec`tro-en*grav"ing (?), n. The art or process of engraving by means
of electricity.
Electro-etching
E*lec`tro-etch"ing (?), n. A mode of etching upon metals by
electrolytic action.
Electrogenesis
E*lec`tro*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Electro- + genesis.] (Physiol.) Same as
Electrogeny.
Electrogenic
E*lec`tro*gen"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to
electrogenesis; as, an electrogenic condition.
Electrogeny
E`lec*trog"e*ny (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Physiol.) A term sometimes
applied to the effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the limbs,
when a current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord or
nerves.
Electro-gilding
E*lec`tro-gild"ing (?), n. The art or process of gilding copper, iron,
etc., by means of voltaic electricity.
Electro-gilt
E*lec"tro-gilt` (?), a. Gilded by means of voltaic electricity.
Electrograph
E*lec"tro*graph (?), n. [Electro- + -graph.] A mark, record, or
tracing, made by the action of electricity.
Electro-kinetic
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to electro-kinetics.
Electro-kinetics
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ics (?), n. That branch of electrical science which
treats of electricity in motion.
Electrolier
E*lec`tro*lier" (?), n. [Formed from electric in imitation of
chandelier.] A branching frame, often of ornamental design, to support
electric illuminating lamps.
Electrology
E`lec*trol"o*gy (?), n. [Electro- + -logy.] That branch of physical
science which treats of the phenomena of electricity and its
properties.
Electrolysis
E`lec*trol"y*sis (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Physics & Chem.) The act or
process of chemical decomposition, by the action of electricity; as,
the electrolysis of silver or nickel for plating; the electrolysis of
water.
Electrolyte
E*lec"tro*lyte (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. \'82lectrolyte.] (Physics &
Chem.) A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by an
electric current.
Electrolytic, Electrolytical
E*lec`tro*lyt"ic (?), E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82lectrolytique.] Pertaining to electrolysis; as, electrolytic
action. -- E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al*ly, adv.
Electrolyzable
E*lec"tro*ly`za*ble (?), a. Capable of being electrolyzed, or
decomposed by electricity.
Electrolyzation
E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion (?), n. The act or the process of electrolyzing.
Electrolyze
E*lec"tro*lyze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrolyzed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Electrolyzing (?).] [Cf. F. \'82lectrolyser. See Electrolysis.] To
decompose by the direct action of electricity. Faraday.
Electro-magnet
E*lec`tro-mag"net (?), n. A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes
of some other magnetic metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered
temporarily magnetic by being placed within a coil of wire through
which a current of electricity is passing. The metal is generally in
the form of a bar, either straight, or bent into the shape of a
horseshoe.
Electro-magnetic
E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic (?), a. Of, Pertaining to, or produced by,
magnetism which is developed by the passage of an electric current.
Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive force is
electro-magnetism. -- Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a
theory of light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of
transient electric currents moving transversely to the direction of
the ray.
Electro-magnetism
E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism (?), n. The magnetism developed by a current of
electricity; the science which treats of the development of magnetism
by means of voltaic electricity, and of the properties or actions of
the currents evolved.
Electro-metallurgy
E*lec`tro-met"al*lur`gy (?), n. The act or art precipitating a metal
electro-chemical action, by which a coating is deposited, on a
prepared surface, as in electroplating and electrotyping;
galvanoplasty.
Electrometer
E`lec*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Electro- + -meter: cf. F.
\'82lectrom\'8atre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the
quantity or intensity of electricity; also, sometimes, and less
properly, applied to an instrument which indicates the presence of
electricity (usually called an electroscope). Balance electrometer.
See under Balance.
Electro-metric, Electro-metrical
E*lec`tro-met"ric (?), E*lec`tro-met"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82lectrom\'82trique.] Pertaining to electrometry; made by means of
electrometer; as, an electrometrical experiment.
Elextrometry
E`lex*trom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectrom\'82trie.] (Physics) The
art or process of making electrical measurements.
Electro-motion
E*lec`tro-mo"tion (?), n. The motion of electricity or its passage
from one metal to another in a voltaic circuit; mechanical action
produced by means of electricity.
Electro-motive
E*lec`tro-mo"tive (?), a. Producing electro-motion; producing, or
tending to produce, electricity or an electric current; causing
electrical action or effects. Electro-motive force (Physics), the
force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an electric
current; sometimes used to express the degree of electrification as
equivalent to potential, or more properly difference of potential.
Electromotor
E*lec`tro*mo"tor (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lectromoteur.]
1. (Physics) A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for
generating a current of electricity.
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Page 478
2. (Mech.) An apparatus or machine for producing motion and mechanical
effects by the action of electricity; an electro-magnetic engine.
Electro-muscular
E*lec`tro-mus"cu*lar (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining the reaction
(contraction) of the muscles under electricity, or their sensibility
to it.
Electron
E*lec"tron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Electric.] Amber; also, the alloy of
gold and silver, called electrum.
Electro-negative
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive (?), a. (Chem. & Physics) (a) Having the property
of being attracted by an electro-positive body, or a tendency to pass
to the positive pole in electrolysis, by the law that opposite
electricities attract each other. (b) Negative; nonmetallic; acid; --
opposed to positive, metallic, or basic.
Electro-negative
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the
positive pole in electrolysis.
Electropathy
E`lec*trop"a*thy (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Med.) The treatment of
disease by electricity.
Electrophone
E*lec"tro*phone (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. (Physics) An instrument for
producing sound by means of electric currents.
Electrophorus
E*lec`troph"o*rus (?), n.; pl. Electrophori (#). [NL., fr. combining
form electro- + Gr. (Physics) An instrument for exciting electricity,
and repeating the charge indefinitely by induction, consisting of a
flat cake of resin, shelllac, or ebonite, upon which is placed a plate
of metal.
Electro-physiological
E*lec`tro-phys`i*o*log"ic*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to
electrical results produced through physiological agencies, or by
change of action in a living organism.
Electro-physiology
E*lec`tro-phys`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. (Physiol.) That branch of physiology
which treats of electric phenomena produced through physiological
agencies.
Electroplate
E*lec"tro*plate` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electroplating.] (Mech.) To
plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver, nickel, or
gold, by means of electrolysis.
Electroplater
E*lec"tro*pla`ter (?), n. One who electroplates.
Electroplating
E*lec"tro*pla`ting (?), n. The art or process of depositing a coating
(commonly) of silver, gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means
of electricity.
Electro-polar
E*lec`tro-po"lar (?), a. (Physics) Possessing electrical polarity;
positively electrified at one end, or on one surface, and negatively
at the other; -- said of a conductor.
Electro-positive
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive (?), a.
1. (Physics) Of such a nature relatively to some other associated body
or bodies, as to tend to the negative pole of a voltaic battery, in
electrolysis, while the associated body tends to the positive pole; --
the converse or correlative of electro-negative.
NOTE: &hand; An el ement th at is electro-positive in one compound
may be electro-negative in another, and vice versa.
2. (Chem.) Hence: Positive; metallic; basic; -- distinguished from
negative, nonmetallic, or acid.
Electro-positive
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the
negative pole in electrolysis.
Electro-puncturation, Electro-puncturing
E*lec`tro-punc`tu*ra"tion (?), E*lec`tro-punc`tur*ing (?; 135), n.
(Med.) See Electropuncture.
Electro-puncture
E*lec`tro-punc`ture (?; 135), n. (Med.) An operation that consists in
inserting needless in the part affected, and connecting them with the
poles of a galvanic apparatus.
Electroscope
E*lec"tro*scope (?), n. [Electro- + -scope: cf. F. \'82lectroscope.]
(Physics) An instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or
changes in the electric state of bodies, or the species of electricity
present, as by means of pith balls, and the like. Condensing
electroscope (Physics), a form of electroscope in which an increase of
sensibility is obtained by the use of a condenser.
Electroscopic
E*lec`tro*scop"ic (?), a. Relating to, or made by means of, the
electroscope.
Electrostatic
E*lec`tro*stat"ic (?), a. Pertaining to electrostatics.
Electrostatics
E*lec`tro*stat"ics (?), n. (Physics) That branch of science which
treats of statical electricity or electric force in a state of rest.
Electro-stereotype
E*lec`tro-ste"re*o*type (?), n. Same as Electrotype.
Electro-telegraphic
E*lec`tro-tel`e*graph"ic (?), a. Pertaining to the electric telegraph,
or by means of it.
Electro-telegraphy
E*lec`tro-te*leg"ra*phy (?), n. The art or science of constructing or
using the electric telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of
the electric telegraph.
Electro-therapeutics
E*lec`tro-ther`a*peu"tics (?), n. (Med.) The branch of medical science
which treats of the applications agent.
Electro-thermancy
E*lec`tro-ther"man*cy (?), n. That branch of electrical science which
treats of the effect of an electric current upon the temperature of a
conductor, or a part of a circuit composed of two different metals.
Electro-tint
E*lec"tro-tint` (?), n. (Fine Arts) A style of engraving in relief by
means of voltaic electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate
with some material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in
electro-typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc., receive a
deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A cast
of this is then the plate for printing.
Electrotonic
E*lec`tro*ton"ic (?), a.
1. (Physics) Of or pertaining to electrical tension; -- said of a
supposed peculiar condition of a conducting circuit during its
exposure to the action of another conducting circuit traversed by a
uniform electric current when both circuits remain stationary.
Faraday.
2. (Physiol.) Relating to electrotonus; as, the electrotonic condition
of a nerve.
Electrotonize
E`lec*trot"o*nize (?), v. t. (Physiol.) To cause or produce
electrotonus.
Electrotonous
E`lec*trot"o*nous (?), a. Electrotonic.
Electrotonus
E`lec*trot"o*nus (?), n. [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr.
(Physiol.) The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current
of electricity passes through any part of it. See Anelectrotonus, and
Catelectrotonus.
Electrotype
E*lec"tro*type (?), n. [Electro- + -type.] A facsimile plate made by
electrotypy for use in printing; also, an impression or print from
such plate. Also used adjectively.
NOTE: &hand; Th e fa ce of an el ectrotype consists of a shell of
copper, silver, or the like, produced by the action of an
electrical current upon a plate of metal and a wax mold suspended
in an acid bath and connected with opposite poles of the battery.
It is backed up with a solid filling of type metal.
Electrotype
E*lec"tro*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrotyped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrotyping (?).] To make facsimile plates of by the electrotype
process; as to electrotype a page of type, a book, etc. See
Electrotype, n.
Electrotyper
E*lec"tro*ty`per (?), n. One who electrotypes.
Electrotypic
E*lec`tro*typ"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or effected by means of,
electrotypy.
Electrotyping
E*lec"tro*ty`ping (?), n. The act or the process of making
electrotypes.
Electrotypy
E*lec"tro*ty`py (?), n. The process of producing electrotype plates.
See Note under Electrotype, n.
Electro-vital
E*lec`tro-vi"tal (?), a. Derived from, or dependent upon, vital
processes; -- said of certain electric currents supposed by some
physiologists to circulate in the nerves of animals.
Electro-vitalism
E*lec`tro-vi"tal*ism (?), n. (Physiol.) The theory that the functions
of living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred force.
Electrum
E*lec"trum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Electric, and cf. Electre, Electron.]
1. Amber.
2. An alloy of gold and silver, of an amber color, used by the
ancients.
3. German-silver plate. See German silver, under German.
Electuary
E*lec"tu*a*ry (?; 135), n.; pl. Electuaries (#). [OE. letuaire, OF.
lettuaire, electuaire, F. \'82lectuaire, L. electuarium, electarium.
prob. fr. Gr. Lick, and cf. Eclegm.] (Med.) A medicine composed of
powders, or other ingredients, incorporated with some convserve,
honey, or sirup; a confection. See the note under Confection.
Eleemosynarily
El`ee*mos"y*na*ri*ly (?), adv. In an eleemosynary manner; by charity;
charitably.
Eleemosynary
El`ee*mos"y*na*ry (?; 277), a. [LL. eleemosynarius, fr. eleemosyna
alms, Gr. Alms.]
1. Relating to charity, alms, or almsgiving; intended for the
distribution of charity; as, an eleemosynary corporation.
2. Given in charity or alms; having the nature of alms; as,
eleemosynary assistance. "Eleemosynary cures." Boyle.
3. Supported by charity; as, eleemosynary poor.
Eleemosynary
El`ee*mos"y*na*ry, n.; pl. Eleemosynaries (. One who subsists on
charity; a dependent. South.
Elegance, Elegancy
El"e*gance (?), El"e*gan*cy (?), n. [L. elegantia, fr. elegans,
-antis, elegant: cf. F. \'82l\'82gance.]
1. The state or quality of being elegant; beauty as resulting from
choice qualities and the complete absence of what deforms or impresses
unpleasantly; grace given by art or practice; fine polish; refinement;
-- said of manners, language, style, form, architecture, etc.
That grace that elegance affords. Drayton.
The endearing elegance of female friendship. Johnson.
A trait of native elegance, seldom seen in the masculine character
after childhood or early youth, was shown in the General's fondness
for the sight and fragrance of flowers. Hawthorne.
2. That which is elegant; that which is tasteful and highly
attractive.
The beautiful wildness of nature, without the nicer elegancies of
art. Spectator.
Syn. -- Elegance, Grace. Elegance implies something of a select style
of beauty, which is usually produced by art, skill, or training; as,
elegance of manners, composition, handwriting, etc.; elegant
furniture; an elegant house, etc. Grace, as the word is here used,
refers to bodily movements, and is a lower order of beauty. It may be
a natural gift; thus, the manners of a peasant girl may be graceful,
but can hardly be called elegant.
Elegant
El"e*gant (?), a. [L. elegans, -antis; akin to eligere to pick out,
choose, select: cf. F. \'82l\'82gant. See Elect.]
1. Very choice, and hence, pleasing to good taste; characterized by
grace, propriety, and refinement, and the absence of every thing
offensive; exciting admiration and approbation by symmetry,
completeness, freedom from blemish, and the like; graceful; tasteful
and highly attractive; as, elegant manners; elegant style of
composition; an elegant speaker; an elegant structure.
A more diligent cultivation of elegant literature. Prescott.
2. Exercising a nice choice; discriminating beauty or sensitive to
beauty; as, elegant taste. Syn. -- Tasteful; polished; graceful;
refined; comely; handsome; richly ornamental.
Elegantly
El"e*gant*ly, adv. In a manner to please nice taste; with elegance;
with due symmetry; richly.
Elegiac
E*le"gi*ac (?; 277), a. [L. elegiacus, Gr. \'82l\'82giaque. See
Elegy.]
1. Belonging to elegy, or written in elegiacs; plaintive; expressing
sorrow or lamentation; as, an elegiac lay; elegiac strains.
Elegiac griefs, and songs of love. Mrs. Browning.
2. Used in elegies; as, elegiac verse; the elegiac distich or couplet,
consisting of a dactylic hexameter and pentameter.
Elegiac
E*le"gi*ac (?), n. Elegiac verse.
Elegiacal
El`e*gi"a*cal (?), a. Elegiac.
Elegiast
E*le"gi*ast (?), n. One who composes elegies. Goldsmith.
Elegiographer
El`e*gi*og"ra*pher (?), n. [Gr. -graph + -er.] An elegist. [Obs.]
Elegist
El"e*gist (?), n. A write of elegies. T. Warton.
Elegit
E*le"git (?), n. [L., he has chosen, fr. eligere to choose. See
Elect.] (Law) A judicial writ of execution, by which a defendant's
goods are appraised and delivered to the plaintiff, and, if no
sufficient to satisfy the debt, all of his lands are delivered, to be
held till the debt is paid by the rents and profits, or until the
defendant's interest has expired.
Elegize
El"e*gize (?), v. t. To lament in an elegy; to celebrate in elegiac
verse; to bewail. Carlyle.
Elegy
El"e*gy (?), n.; pl. Elegies (#). [L. elegia, Gr. A mournful or
plaintive poem; a funereal song; a poem of lamentation. Shak.
Eleidin
E*le"i*din (?), n. (Biol.) Lifeless matter deposited in the form of
minute granules within the protoplasm of living cells.
Element
El"e*ment (?), n. [F. \'82l\'82ment, L. elementum.]
1. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which
anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental
powers of anything are based.
2. One of the ultimate, undecomposable constituents of any kind of
matter. Specifically: (Chem.) A substance which cannot be decomposed
into different kinds of matter by any means at present employed; as,
the elements of water are oxygen and hydrogen.
NOTE: &hand; Th e el ements ar e na turally cl assified in several
families or groups, as the group of the alkaline elements, the
halogen group, and the like. They are roughly divided into two
great classes, the metals, as sodium, calcium, etc., which form
basic compounds, and the nonmetals or metalloids, as oxygen,
sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the distinction
is only relative, and some, as arsenic, tin, aluminium, etc., form
both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact regarding every
element is its relative atomic weight or equivalent. When the
elements are tabulated in the order of their ascending atomic
weights, the arrangement constitutes the series of the Periodic law
of Mendelejeff. See Periodic law, under Periodic. This Periodic law
enables us to predict the qualities of unknown elements. The number
of elements known is about seventy-five, but the gaps in the
Periodic law indicate the possibility of many more. Many of the
elements with which we are familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron,
gold, etc., have been recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in
the sun and the fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that
afforded by the Periodic law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears
that the chemical elements probably may not be simple bodies, but
only very stable compounds of some simpler body or bodies. In
formulas, the elements are designated by abbreviations of their
names in Latin or New Latin.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 478
The Elements
------------------------------------------------------------ Name
|Sym-|Atomic Weight| |bol | O=16 | H=1 |
------------------------------------------------------------ Aluminum
| Al | 27.1 | 26.9| Antimony(Stibium) Argon Arsenic Barium Beryllium
(see Glucinum) Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Caesium Calcium Carbon
Cerium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Columbium Copper (Cuprum) Erbium
Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Glucinum <--(now Beryllium)-->
Gold Helium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron (Ferrum) Krypton
Lanthanum Lead (Plumbum) Lithium Magnesium Manganese Mercury
(Hydrargyrum) Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Nickel Niobium (see Columbium)
Nirogen Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Potassium (Kalium)
Praseodymium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium
_________________________________________________________________
Page 479
----------------------------------------------------------- The
Elements -- continued
------------------------------------------------------------ Name
Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver (Argentum) Sodium (Natrium)
Strontium Sulphur Tantalum Tellurium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin
(Stannum) Titanium Tungsten (Wolframium) Uranium Vanadium Wolfranium
(see Tungsten) Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium
------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Several ot her el ements ha ve be en an nounced, as holmium,
vesbium, austrium, etc., but their properties, and in some cases
their existence, have not yet been definitely established.
3. One of the ultimate parts which are variously combined in anything;
as, letters are the elements of written language; hence, also, a
simple portion of that which is complex, as a shaft, lever, wheel, or
any simple part in a machine; one of the essential ingredients of any
mixture; a constituent part; as, quartz, feldspar, and mica are the
elements of granite.
The simplicity which is so large an element in a noble nature was
laughed to scorn. Jowett (Thucyd.).
4. (a) One out of several parts combined in a system of aggregation,
when each is of the nature of the whole; as, a single cell is an
element of the honeycomb. (b) (Anat.) One of the smallest natural
divisions of the organism, as a blood corpuscle, a muscular fiber.
5. (Biol.) One of the simplest essential parts, more commonly called
cells, of which animal and vegetable organisms, or their tissues and
organs, are composed.
6. (Math.) (a) An infinitesimal part of anything of the same nature as
the entire magnitude considered; as, in a solid an element may be
infinitesimal portion between any two planes that are separated and
indefinitely small distance. In the calculus, element is sometimes
used as synonymous with differential. (b) Sometimes a curve, or
surface, or volume is considered as described by a moving point, or
curve, or surface, the latter being at any instant called an element
of the former. (c) One of the terms in an algebraic expression.
7. One of the necessary data or values upon which a system of
calculations depends, or general conclusions are based; as, the
elements of a planet's orbit.
8. pl. The simplest or fundamental principles of any system in
philosophy, science, or art; rudiments; as, the elements of geometry,
or of music.
9. pl. Any outline or sketch, regarded as containing the fundamental
ideas or features of the thing in question; as, the elemental of a
plan.
10. One of the simple substances, as supposed by the ancient
philosophers; one of the imaginary principles of matter.
NOTE: (a) Th e fo ur el ements we re, ai r, earth, water, and fire;
whence it is said, water is the proper element of fishes; air is
the element of birds. Hence, the state or sphere natural to
anything or suited for its existence.
Of elements The grosser feeds the purer: Earth the Sea; Earth and
the Sea feed Air; the Air those Fires Ethereal. Milton.
Does not our life consist of the four elements? Shak.
And the complexion of the element [i. e.,the sky or air] In favor's
like the work we have in hand, Most bloody, fiery, and most
terrible. Shak.
About twelve ounces [of food], with mere element for drink. Cheyne.
They show that they are out of their element. T. Baker.
Esp., the conditions and movements of the air. "The elements be
kind to thee." (b) The elements of the alchemists were salt,
sulphur, and mercury. Brande & C.
11. pl. The whole material composing the world.
The elements shall melt with fervent heat. 2 Peter iii. 10.
12. pl. (Eccl.) The bread and wine used in the eucharist or Lord's
supper.
Magnetic element, one of the hypothetical elementary portions of which
a magnet is regarded as made up.
Element
El"e*ment (?), v. t.
1. To compound of elements or first principles. [Obs.] "[Love] being
elemented too." Donne.
2. To constitute; to make up with elements.
His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness. Walton.
Elemental
El`e*men"tal (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the elements, first principles, and primary
ingredients, or to the four supposed elements of the material world;
as, elemental air. "Elemental strife." Pope.
2. Pertaining to rudiments or first principles; rudimentary;
elementary. "The elemental rules of erudition." Cawthorn.
Elementalism
El`e*men"tal*ism (?), a. The theory that the heathen divinities
originated in the personification of elemental powers.
Elementality
E`le*men*tal"i*ty (?), n. The condition of being composed of elements,
or a thing so composed.
Elementally
El`e*men"tal*ly (?), adv. According to elements; literally; as, the
words, "Take, eat; this is my body," elementally understood.
Elementar
El`e*men"tar (?), a. Elementary. [Obs.] Skelton.
Elementariness
El`e*men"ta*ri*ness (?), n. The state of being elementary; original
simplicity; uncompounded state.
Elementarity
El`e*men*tar"i*ty (?), n. Elementariness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Elementary
El`e*men"ta*ry (?), a. [L. elementarius: cf. F. \'82l\'82mentaire.]
1. Having only one principle or constituent part; consisting of a
single element; simple; uncompounded; as, an elementary substance.
2. Pertaining to, or treating of, the elements, rudiments, or first
principles of anything; initial; rudimental; introductory; as, an
elementary treatise.
3. Pertaining to one of the four elements, air, water, earth, fire.
"Some luminous and fiery impressions in the elementary region." J.
Spencer.
Elementation
El`e*men*ta"tion (?), n. Instruction in the elements or first
principles. [R.]
Elementoid
El"e*men*toid` (?), a. [Element + -oid.] Resembling an element.
Elemi
El"e*mi (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lemi, It. elemi, Sp. elemi; of American or
Oriental. origin.] A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly tropical
trees of the genera Amyris and Canarium. A. elemifera yields Mexican
elemi; C. commune, the Manila elemi. It is used in the manufacture of
varnishes, also in ointments and plasters.
Elemin
El"e*min (?), n. (Chem.) A transparent, colorless oil obtained from
elemi resin by distillation with water; also, a crystallizable extract
from the resin.
Elench
E*lench" (?), n.; pl. Elenchs (#). [L. elenchus, Gr. elenche.] (Logic)
(a) That part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends; that
which convinces of refutes an antagonist; a refutation. (b) A specious
but fallacious argument; a sophism.
Elenchical
E*len"chic*al (?), a. Pertaining to an elench.
Elenchically
E*len"chic*al*ly, adv. By means of an elench.
Elenchize
E*len"chize (?), v. i. To dispute. [R.] B. Jonson.
Elenchtic, Elenchtical
E*lench"tic, E*lench"tic*al (?), a. Same as Elenctic.
Elenchus
E*len"chus (?), n. [L.] Same as Elench.
Elenctic, Elenctical
E*lenc"tic (?), E*lenc"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. (Logic) Serving to refute;
refutative; -- applied to indirect modes of proof, and opposed to
deictic.
Elenge
El"enge (?), a. [Cf. AS. ellende foreign, strange, G. elend
miserable.] Sorrowful; wretched; full of trouble. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Elengeness
El"enge*ness, n. Loneliness; misery. [Obs.]
Elephansy
El"e*phan*sy (?), n. [L. elephantia.] Elephantiasis. [Obs.] Holland.
Elephant
El"e*phant (?), n. [OE. elefaunt, olifant, OF. olifant, F.
\'82l\'82phant, L. elephantus, elephas, -antis, fr. Gr. ibha, with the
Semitic article al, el, prefixed, or fr. Semitic Aleph hindi Indian
bull; or cf. Goth. ulbandus camel, AS. olfend.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living
species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species,
are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks
proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards.
The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the
largest land animals now existing.
2. Ivory; the tusk of the elephant. [Obs.] Dryden. <-- Illustr. of
Elephant. -->
Elephant apple (Bot.), an East Indian fruit with a rough, hard rind,
and edible pulp, borne by Feronia elephantum, a large tree related to
the orange. -- Elephant bed (Geol.), at Brighton, England, abounding
in fossil remains of elephants. Mantell. -- Elephant beetle
(Zo\'94l.), any very large beetle of the genus Goliathus (esp. G.
giganteus), of the family Scarab\'91id\'91. They inhabit West Africa.
-- Elephant fish (Zo\'94l.), a chim\'91roid fish (Callorhynchus
antarcticus), with a proboscis-like projection of the snout. --
Elephant paper, paper of large size, 23 × 28 inches. -- Double
elephant paper, paper measuring 26Paper. -- Elephant seal (Zo\'94l.),
an African jumping shrew (Macroscelides typicus), having a long nose
like a proboscis. -- Elephant's ear (Bot.), a name given to certain
species of the genus Begonia, which have immense one-sided leaves. --
Elephant's foot (Bot.) (a) A South African plant (Testudinaria
Elephantipes), which has a massive rootstock covered with a kind of
bark cracked with deep fissures; -- called also tortoise plant. The
interior part is barely edible, whence the plant is also called
Hottentot's bread. (b) A genus (Elephantopus) of coarse, composite
weeds. -- Elephant's tusk (Zo\'94l.), the tooth shell. See Dentalium.
Elephantiac
El`e*phan"ti*ac (?), a. (Med.) Affected with elephantiasis;
characteristic of elephantiasis.
Elephantiasis
El`e*phan*ti"a*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Med.) A disease of the skin,
in which it become enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and
fissured, like an elephant's hide.
Elephantine
El`e*phan"tine (?), a. [L. elephantinus of ivory, Gr.
\'82l\'82phantin.] Pertaining to the elephant, or resembling an
elephant (commonly, in size); hence, huge; immense; heavy; as, of
elephantine proportions; an elephantine step or tread. Elephantine
epoch (Geol.), the epoch distinguished by the existence of large
pachyderms. Mantell. -- Elephantine tortoise (Zo\'94l.), a huge land
tortoise; esp., Testudo elephantina, from islands in the Indian Ocean;
and T. elephantopus, from the Galapagos Islands.
Elephantoid; 277, Elephantoidal
El"e*phan*toid` (?; 277), El`e*phan*toid"al (?), a. [Elephant + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Resembling an elephant in form or appearance.
Eleusinian
El`eu*sin"i*an (?), a. [L. Eleusinius, Gr. Pertaining to Eleusis, in
Greece, or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there celebrated; as,
Eleusinian mysteries or festivals.
Eleutheromania
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*a (?), n. [Gr. mania.] A mania or frantic zeal for
freedom. [R.] Carlyle.
Eleutheromaniac
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*ac, a. Mad for freedom. [R.]
Eleuthero-petalous
E*leu`ther*o-pet"al*ous (?), a. [Gr. petal.] (Bot.) Having the petals
free, that is, entirely separate from each other; -- said of both
plant and flower.
Elevate
El"e*vate (?), a. [L. elevatus, p. p.] Elevated; raised aloft.
[Poetic] Milton.
Elevate
El"e*vate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elevated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elevating (?).] [L. elevatus, p. p. of elevare; e + levare to lift up,
raise, akin to levis light in weight. See Levity.]
1. To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift up; to raise; as,
to elevate a weight, a flagstaff, etc.
2. To raise to a higher station; to promote; as, to elevate to an
office, or to a high social position.
3. To raise from a depressed state; to animate; to cheer; as, to
elevate the spirits.
4. To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as, to elevate the mind or
character.
5. To raise to a higher pitch, or to a greater degree of loudness; --
said of sounds; as, to elevate the voice.
6. To intoxicate in a slight degree; to render tipsy. [Colloq. &
Sportive] "The elevated cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry stingo."
Sir W. Scott.
7. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage. [A Latin meaning] [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
To elevate a piece (Gun.), to raise the muzzle; to lower the breech.
Syn. -- To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist; heighten;
elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.
Elevated
El"e*va`ted (?), a. Uplifted; high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as,
elevated thoughts. Elevated railway, one in which the track is raised
considerably above the ground, especially a city railway above the
line of street travel.
Elevatedness
El"e*va`ted*ness, n. The quality of being elevated.
Elevation
El`e*va"tion (?), n. [L. elevatio: cf. F. \'82l\'82vation.]
1. The act of raising from a lower place, condition, or quality to a
higher; -- said of material things, persons, the mind, the voice,
etc.; as, the elevation of grain; elevation to a throne; elevation of
mind, thoughts, or character.
2. Condition of being elevated; height; exaltation. "Degrees of
elevation above us." Locke.
His style . . . wanted a little elevation. Sir H. Wotton.
3. That which is raised up or elevated; an elevated place or station;
as, an elevation of the ground; a hill.
4. (Astron.) The distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or
the arc of a vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon;
altitude; as, the elevation of the pole, or of a star.
5. (Dialing) The angle which the style makes with the substylar line.
6. (Gunnery) The movement of the axis of a piece in a vertical plane;
also, the angle of elevation, that is, the angle between the axis of
the piece and the line odirection
.
7. (Drawing) A geometrical projection of a building, or other object,
on a plane perpendicular to the horizon; orthographic projection on a
vertical plane; -- called by the ancients the orthography.
Angle of elevation (Geodesy), the angle which an ascending line makes
with a horizontal plane. -- Elevation of the host (R. C. Ch.), that
part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host above his head
for the people to adore.
Elevator
El"e*va`tor (?), n. [L., one who raises up, a deliverer: cf. F.
\'82l\'82vateur.] One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything;
as: (a) A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain
with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper
loft for storage. (b) A cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in
a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods, etc., to
or from different floors or levels; -- called in England a lift; the
cage or platform itself. (c) A building for elevating, storing, and
discharging, grain. (d) (Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part
of the body, as the leg or the eye. (e) (Surg.) An instrument for
raising a depressed portion of a bone. Elevator head, leg, AND boot,
the boxes in which the upper pulley, belt, and lower pulley,
respectively, run in a grain elevator.
Elevatory
El"e*va`to*ry (?), a. Tending to raise, or having power to elevate;
as, elevatory forces.
Elevatory
El"e*va`to*ry, n. [Cf. F. \'82l\'82vatoire.] (Surg.) See Elevator, n.
(e). Dunglison.
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\'90l\'8ave
\'90`l\'8ave" (, n. [F., fr. \'82lever to raise, bring up.] A pupil; a
student.
Eleven
E*lev"en (?), a. [OE. enleven, AS. endleofan, endlufon, for nleofan;
akin to LG. eleve, \'94lwe, \'94lwen, D. elf, G. elf, eilf, OHG.
einlif, Icel. ellifu, Sw. elfva, Dan. elleve, Goth. ainlif, cf. Lith.
v\'89nolika; and fr. the root of E. one + (prob.) a root signifying
"to be left over, remain," appearing in E. loan, or perh. in leave, v.
t., life. See One, and cf. Twelve.] Ten and one added; as, eleven men.
Eleven
E*lev"en, n.
1. The sum of ten and one; eleven units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eleven units, as 11 or xi.
3. (Cricket & American Football) The eleven men selected to play on
one side in a match, as the representatives of a club or a locality;
as, the all-England eleven.
Eleventh
E*lev"enth (?), a. [Cf. AS. endlyfta. See Eleven.]
1. Next after the tenth; as, the eleventh chapter.
2. Constituting one of eleven parts into which a thing is divided; as,
the eleventh part of a thing.
3. (Mus.) Of or pertaining to the interval of the octave and the
fourth.
Eleventh
E*lev"enth, n.
1. The quotient of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal
parts.
2. (Mus.) The interval consisting of ten conjunct degrees; the
interval made up of an octave and a fourth.
Elf
Elf (?), n.; pl. Elves (#). [AS. \'91lf, ylf; akin to MHG. alp, G. alp
nightmare, incubus, Icel. elf, Sw. alf, elfva; cf. Skr. rbhu skillful,
artful, rabh to grasp. Cf. Auf, Oaf.]
1. An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much
like a fairy; a mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt
hills and wild places, and generally represented as delighting in
mischievous tricks.
Every elf, and fairy sprite, Hop as light as bird from brier. Shak.
2. A very diminutive person; a dwarf.
Elf arrow, a flint arrowhead; -- so called by the English rural folk
who often find these objects of prehistoric make in the fields and
formerly attributed them to fairies; -- called also elf bolt, elf
dart, and elf shot. -- Elf child, a child supposed to be left by
elves, in room of one they had stolen. See Changeling. -- Elf fire,
the ignis fatuus. Brewer. -- Elf owl (Zo\'94l.), a small owl
(Micrathene Whitneyi) of Southern California and Arizona.
Elf
Elf, v. t. To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do.
Elf all my hair in knots. Shak.
Elfin
Elf"in (?), a. Relating to elves.
Elfin
Elf"in, n. A little elf or urchin. Shenstone.
Elfish
Elf"ish, a. Of or relating to the elves; elflike; implike; weird;
scarcely human; mischievous, as though caused by elves. "Elfish
light." Coleridge.
The elfish intelligence that was so familiar an expression on her
small physiognomy. Hawthorne.
Elfishly
Elf"ish*ly, adv. In an elfish manner.
Elfishness
Elf"ish*ness, n. The quality of being elfish.
Elfkin
Elf"kin (?), n. A little elf.
Elfland
Elf"land` (?), n. Fairyland. Tennyson.
Elflock
Elf"lock` (?), n. Hair matted, or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.
Elgin marbles
El"gin mar"bles (?). Greek sculptures in the British Museum. They were
obtained at Athens, about 1811, by Lord Elgin.
Elicit
E*lic"it (?), a. [L. elictus, p. p. of elicere to elicit; e + lacere
to entice. Cf. Delight, Lace.] Elicited; drawn out; made real; open;
evident. [Obs.] "An elicit act of equity." Jer. Taylor.
Elicit
E*lic"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elicited; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliciting.] To
draw out or entice forth; to bring to light; to bring out against the
will; to deduce by reason or argument; as, to elicit truth by
discussion.
Elicitate
E*lic"i*tate (?), v. t. To elicit. [Obs.]
Elicitation
E*lic`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act of eliciting. [Obs.] Abp. Bramhall.
Elide
E*lide" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elided; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliding.] [L.
elidere to strike out or off; e + laedere to hurt by striking: cf. F.
\'82lider. See Lesion.]
1. To break or dash in pieces; to demolish; as, to elide the force of
an argument. [Obs.] Hooker.
2. (Gram.) To cut off, as a vowel or a syllable, usually the final
one; to subject to elision.
Eligibility
El`i*gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82ligibilit\'82.] The quality of
being eligible; eligibleness; as, the eligibility of a candidate; the
eligibility of an offer of marriage.
Eligible
El"i*gi*ble (?), a. [F. \'82ligible, fr. L. eligere. See Elect.]
1. That may be selected; proper or qualified to be chosen; legally
qualified to be elected and to hold office.
2. Worthy to be chosen or selected; suitable; desirable; as, an
eligible situation for a house.
The more eligible of the two evils. Burke.
Eligibleness
El"i*gi*ble*ness, n. The quality worthy or qualified to be chosen;
suitableness; desirableness.
Eligibly
El"i*gi*bly, adv. In an eligible manner.
Elimate
El"i*mate (?), v. t. [L. elimatus, p. p. of elimare to file up; e out
+ limare to file, fr. lima file.] To render smooth; to polish. [Obs.]
Eliminant
E*lim"i*nant (?), n. (Math.) The result of eliminating n variables
between n homogeneous equations of any degree; -- called also
resultant.
Eliminate
E*lim"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eliminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eliminating (?).] [L. eliminatus, p. p. of eliminare; e out + limen
threshold; prob. akin to limes boundary. See Limit.]
1. To put out of doors; to expel; to discharge; to release; to set at
liberty.
Eliminate my spirit, give it range Through provinces of thought yet
unexplored. Young.
2. (Alg.) To cause to disappear from an equation; as, to eliminate an
unknown quantity.
3. To set aside as unimportant in a process of inductive inquiry; to
leave out of consideration.
Eliminate errors that have been gathering and accumulating. Lowth.
4. To obtain by separating, as from foreign matters; to deduce; as, to
eliminate an idea or a conclusion. [Recent, and not well authorized]
5. (Physiol.) To separate; to expel from the system; to excrete; as,
the kidneys eliminate urea, the lungs carbonic acid; to eliminate
poison from the system.
Elimination
E*lim`i*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82limination.]
1. The act of expelling or throwing off; (Physiol.) the act of
discharging or excreting waste products or foreign substances through
the various emunctories.
2. (Alg.) Act of causing a quantity to disappear from an equation;
especially, in the operation of deducing from several equations
containing several unknown quantities a less number of equations
containing a less number of unknown quantities.
3. The act of obtaining by separation, or as the result of
eliminating; deduction. [See Eliminate,
4.]
Eliminative
E*lim"i*na*tive (?), a. (Physiol.) Relating to, or carrying on,
elimination.
Elinguate
E*lin"guate (?), v. t. [L. elinguare.] To deprive of the tongue.
[Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).
Elinguation
E`lin*gua"tion (?), n. [L. elinguatio. See Elinguid.] (O. Eng. Law)
Punishment by cutting out the tongue.
Elinguid
E*lin"guid (?), a. [L. elinguis, prop., deprived of the tongue; hence,
speechless; e + lingua tongue.] Tongue-tied; dumb. [Obs.]
Eliquament
E*liq"ua*ment (?), n. A liquid obtained from fat, or fat fish, by
pressure.
Eliquation
El`i*qua"tion (?), n. [L. eliquatio, fr. eliquare to clarify, strain;
e + liquare to make liquid, melt.] (Metallurgy) The process of
separating a fusible substance from one less fusible, by means of a
degree of heat sufficient to melt the one and not the other, as an
alloy of copper and lead; liquation. Ure.
Elison
E*li"son (?), n. [L. elisio, fr. elidere, elisum, to strike out: cf.
F. \'82lision. See Elide.]
1. Division; separation. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. (Gram.) The cutting off or suppression of a vowel or syllable, for
the sake of meter or euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final
vowel standing before an initial vowel in the following word, when the
two words are drawn together.
Elisor
E*li"sor (?), n. [F. \'82liseur, fr. \'82lire to choose, L. eligere.
See Elect.] (Eng. Law) An elector or chooser; one of two persons
appointed by a court to return a jury or serve a writ when the sheriff
and the coroners are disqualified.
(?), n. [F., fr. \'82lire to choose, L. eligere. See Elect.] A choice or select
body; the flower; as, the \'82lite of society.
Elix
E*lix" (?), v. t. [See Elixate.] To extract. [Obs.] Marston.
Elixate
E*lix"ate (?), v. t. [L. elixatus, p. p. of elixare to seethe, fr.
elixus thoroughly boiled; e + lixare to boil, lix ashes.] To boil; to
seethe; hence, to extract by boiling or seething. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Elixation
El`ix*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lixation.] A seething; digestion.
[Obs.] Burton.
Elixir
E*lix"ir (?), n. [F. \'82lixir, Sp. elixir, Ar. eliks\'c6r the
philosopher's stone, prob. from Gr. ksh\'be to burn.]
1. (Med.) A tincture with more than one base; a compound tincture or
medicine, composed of various substances, held in solution by alcohol
in some form.
2. (Alchemy) An imaginary liquor capable of transmuting metals into
gold; also, one for producing life indefinitely; as, elixir vit\'91,
or the elixir of life.
3. The refined spirit; the quintessence.
The . . . elixir of worldly delights. South.
4. Any cordial or substance which invigorates.
The grand elixir, to support the spirits of human nature. Addison.
Elizabethan
E*liz"a*beth`an (?), a. Pertaining to Queen Elizabeth or her times,
esp. to the architecture or literature of her reign; as, the
Elizabethan writers, drama, literature. -- n. One who lived in England
in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Lowell.
Elk
Elk (?), n. [Icel. elgr; akin to Sw. elg, AS. eolh, OHG. elaho, MHG.
elch, cf. L. alces; perh. akin to E. eland.] (Zo\'94l.) A large deer,
of several species. The European elk (Alces machlis or Cervus alces)
is closely allied to the American moose. The American elk, or wapiti
(Cervus Canadensis), is closely related to the European stag. See
Moose, and Wapiti. Irish elk (Paleon.), a large, extinct, Quaternary
deer (Cervus giganteus) with widely spreading antlers. Its remains
have been found beneath the peat of swamps in Ireland and England. See
Illustration in Appendix; also Illustration of Antler. -- Cape elk
(Zo\'94l.), the eland.
Elk, Elke
Elk, Elke (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) The European wild or whistling swan
(Cygnus ferus).
Elknut
Elk"nut` (?), n. (Bot.) The buffalo nut. See under Buffalo.
Elkwood
Elk"wood` (?), n. The soft, spongy wood of a species of Magnolia (M.
Umbrella).
Ell
Ell (?), n. [AS. eln; akin to D. el, elle, G. elle, OHG. elina, Icel.
alin, Dan. alen, Sw. aln, Goth. alenia, L. ulna elbow, ell, Gr. Elbow,
Alnage.] A measure for cloth; -- now rarely used. It is of different
lengths in different countries; the English ell being 45 inches, the
Dutch or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch about 37.
Ell
Ell, n. (Arch.) See L.
Ellachick
El"la*chick (?), n. [Native Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water
tortoise (Chelopus marmoratus) of California; -- used as food.
Ellagic
El*lag"ic (?), a. [F., fr. galle gall (with the letters reversed).]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as,
ellagic acid. Ellagic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance,
C14H8O9, found in bezoar stones, and obtained by the oxidation of
gallic acid.
Ellebore
El"le*bore (?), n. Hellebore. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Elleborin
El*leb"o*rin (?), n. See Helleborin.
Elleck
El"leck (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The red gurnard or
cuckoo fish. [Prov. Eng.]
Ellenge, Ellinge, a., Ellengeness, Ellingeness
El"lenge (?), El"linge (?), a., El"lenge*ness, El"linge*ness, n. See
Elenge, Elengeness. [Obs.]
Elles
El"les (?), adv. & conj. See Else. [Obs.]
Ellipse
El*lipse" (?), n. [Gr. ellipse. See Ellipsis.]
1. (Geom.) An oval or oblong figure, bounded by a regular curve, which
corresponds to an oblique projection of a circle, or an oblique
section of a cone through its opposite sides. The greatest diameter of
the ellipse is the major axis, and the least diameter is the minor
axis. See Conic section, under Conic, and cf. Focus.
2. (Gram.) Omission. See Ellipsis.
3. The elliptical orbit of a planet.
The Sun flies forward to his brother Sun; The dark Earth follows
wheeled in her ellipse. Tennyson.
Ellipsis
El*lip"sis (?), n.; pl. Ellipses (#). [L., fr. Gr. In, and Loan, and
cf. Ellipse.]
1. (Gram.) Omission; a figure of syntax, by which one or more words,
which are obviously understood, are omitted; as, the virtues I admire,
for, the virtues which I admire.
2. (Geom.) An ellipse. [Obs.]
Ellipsograph
El*lip"so*graph (?), n. [Ellipse + graph: cf. F. ellipsographe.] An
instrument for describing ellipses; -- called also trammel.
Ellipsoid
El*lip"soid (?), n. [Ellipse + -oid: cf. F. ellipsoide.] (Geom.) A
solid, all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles. See
Conoid, n., 2 (a).
NOTE: &hand; Th e el lipsoid has three principal plane sections, a,
b, and c, each at right angles to the other two, and each dividing
the solid into two equal and symmetrical parts. The lines of
meeting of these principal sections are the axes, or principal
diameters of the ellipsoid. The point where the three planes meet
is the center.
Ellipsoid of revolution, a spheroid; a solid figure generated by the
revolution of an ellipse about one of its axes. It is called a prolate
spheroid, or prolatum, when the ellipse is revolved about the major
axis, and an oblate spheroid, or oblatum, when it is revolved about
the minor axis.
Ellipsoid, Ellipsoidal
El*lip"soid (?), El`lip*soi"dal (?), a. Pertaining to, or shaped like,
an ellipsoid; as, ellipsoid or ellipsoidal form.
Elliptic, Elliptical
El*lip"tic (?), El*lip"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. elliptique. See Ellipsis.]
1. Of or pertaining to an ellipse; having the form of an ellipse;
oblong, with rounded ends.
The planets move in elliptic orbits. Cheyne.
2. Having a part omitted; as, an elliptical phrase.
Elliptic chuck. See under Chuck. -- Elliptic compasses, an instrument
arranged for drawing ellipses. -- Elliptic function. (Math.) See
Function. -- Elliptic integral. (Math.) See Integral. -- Elliptic
polarization. See under Polarization.
Elliptically
El*lip"tic*al*ly, adv.
1. In the form of an ellipse.
2. With a part omitted; as, elliptically expressed.
Ellipticity
El`lip*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. ellipticit\'82.] Deviation of an
ellipse or a spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere;
especially, in reference to the figure of the earth, the difference
between the equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the
equatorial; thus, the ellipticity of the earth is .
NOTE: &hand; So me wr iters us e el lipticity as th e ratio of the
difference of the two semiaxes to the minor axis, instead of the
major.
Nichol.
Elliptic-lanceolate
El*lip"tic-lan"ce*o*late (?), a. (Bot.) Having a form intermediate
between elliptic and lanceolate.
Elliptograph
El*lip"to*graph (?), n. Same as Ellipsograph.
Ellwand
Ell"wand (?), n. Formerly, a measuring rod an ell long.
Elm
Elm (?), n. [AS. elm; akin to D. olm, OHG. elm, G. ulme, Icel. almr,
Dan. & Sw. alm, L. ulmus, and E. alder. Cf. Old.] (Bot.) A tree of the
genus Ulmus, of several species, much used as a shade tree,
particularly in America. The English elm is Ulmus campestris; the
common American or white elm is U. Americana; the slippery or red elm,
U. fulva. Elm beetle (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of beetles
(esp. Galeruca calmariensis), which feed on the leaves of the elm. --
Elm borer (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of beetles of which the
larv\'91 bore into the wood or under the bark of the elm (esp. Saperda
tridentata). -- Elm butterfly (Zo\'94l.), one of several species of
butterflies, which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of
the elm (esp. Vanessa antiopa and Grapta comma). See Comma butterfly,
under Comma. -- Elm moth (Zo\'94l.), one of numerous species of moths
of which the larv\'91 destroy the leaves of the elm (esp. Eugonia
subsignaria, called elm spanworm). -- Elm sawfly (Zo\'94l.), a large
sawfly (Cimbex Americana). The larva, which is white with a black
dorsal stripe, feeds on the leaves of the elm.
Elmen
Elm"en (?), a. Belonging to elms. [Obs.]
Elmo's fire
El"mo's fire` (?). See Corposant; also Saint Elmo's Fire, under Saint.
Elmy
Elm"y (?), a. Abounding with elms.
The simple spire and elmy grange. T. Warton.
Elocation
El`o*ca"tion (?), n. [Pref. e- + locate.]
1. A removal from the usual place of residence. [Obs.]
2. Departure from the usual state; an ecstasy. [Obs.]
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Page 481
Elocular
E*loc"u*lar (?), a. [Pref. e- + locular.] Having but one cell, or
cavity; not divided by a septum or partition.
Elocution
El`o*cu"tion (?), n. [L. elocutio, fr. eloqui, elocutus, to speak out:
cf. F. \'82locution. See Eloquent.]
1. Utterance by speech. [R.]
[Fruit] whose taste . . . Gave elocution to the mute, and taught
The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise. Milton.
2. Oratorical or expressive delivery, including the graces of
intonation, gesture, etc.; style or manner of speaking or reading in
public; as, clear, impressive elocution. "The elocution of a reader."
Whately
3. Suitable and impressive writing or style; eloquent diction. [Obs.]
To express these thoughts with elocution. Dryden.
Elocutionary
El`o*cu"tion*a*ry (?), a. Pertaining to elocution.
Elocutionist
El`o*cu"tion*ist, n. One who is versed in elocution; a teacher of
elocution.
Elocutive
El"o*cu`tive (?), a. Pertaining to oratorical expression. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Elodian
E*lo"di*an (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of tortoises, including
the terrapins, etc., in which the head and neck can be withdrawn.
(?), n. [F. See Elogium.] A panegyrical funeral oration.
Elogist
El"o*gist (?), n. [F. \'82logiste.] One who pronounces an \'82loge.
Elogium, Elogy
E*lo"gi*um (?), El"o*gy (?), n. [L. elogium a short saying, an
inscription, fr. Gr. .] The praise bestowed on a person or thing;
panegyric; eulogy.
Elohim
E*lo"him (?), n. [Heb.] One of the principal names by which God is
designated in the Hebrew Scriptures.
Elohist
E*lo"hist (?), n. The writer, or one of the writers, of the passages
of the Old Testament, notably those of Elohim instead of Jehovah, as
the name of the Supreme Being; -- distinguished from Jehovist. S.
Davidson.
Elohistic
El`o*his"tic (?), a. Relating to Elohim as a name of God; -- said of
passages in the Old Testament.
Eloign
E*loign" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eloigned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eloigning.] [F. \'82loigner, OF. esloignier; pref. es- (L. ex) + OF. &
F. loin far, far off, L. longe, fr. longus long. See Elongate.]
>[Written also eloin.]
1. To remove afar off; to withdraw. [Obs.]
From worldly cares he did himself eloign. Spenser.
2. (Law) To convey to a distance, or beyond the jurisdiction, or to
conceal, as goods liable to distress.
The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are eloigned.
Blackstone.
Eloignate
E*loign"ate (?), v. t. To remove. [Obs.] Howell.
Eloignment
E*loign"ment (?), n. [F. \'82loignement.] Removal to a distance;
withdrawal. [Obs.]
Eloin
E*loin" (?), v. t. See Eloign.
Eloinate
E*loin"ate (?), v. t. See Eloignate.
Eloinment
E*loin"ment (?), n. See Eloignment.
Elong
E*long" (?; 115), v. t. [See Eloign, Elongate.]
1. To lengthen out; to prolong. [Obs.]
2. To put away; to separate; to keep off. [Obs.] Wyatt.
Elongate
E*lon"gate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elongated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elongating.] [LL. elongatus, p. p. of elongare to remove, to prolong;
e + L. longus long. See Long, a., and cf. Eloign.]
1. To lengthen; to extend; to stretch; as, to elongate a line.
2. To remove further off. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Elongate
E*lon"gate, v. i. To depart to, or be at, a distance; esp., to recede
apparently from the sun, as a planet in its orbit. [R.]
Elongate
E*lon"gate (?), a. [LL. elongatus.] Drawn out at length; elongated;
as, an elongate leaf. "An elongate form." Earle.
Elongation
E`lon*ga"tion (?; 277), n. [LL. elongatio: cf. F. \'82longation.]
1. The act of lengthening, or the state of being lengthened;
protraction; extension. "Elongation of the fibers." Arbuthnot.
2. That which lengthens out; continuation.
May not the mountains of Westmoreland and Cumberland be considered
as elongations of these two chains? Pinkerton.
3. Removal to a distance; withdrawal; a being at a distance; distance.
The distant points in the celestial expanse appear to the eye in so
small a degree of elongation from one another, as bears no
proportion to what is real. Glanvill.
4. (Astron.) The angular distance of a planet from the sun; as, the
elongation of Venus or Mercury.
Elope
E*lope" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eloping.]
[D. ontloopen to run away; pref. ont- (akin to G. ent-, AS. and-, cf.
E. answer) + loopen to run; akin to E. leap. See Leap, v. t.] To run
away, or escape privately, from the place or station to which one is
bound by duty; -- said especially of a woman or a man, either married
or unmarried, who runs away with a paramour or a sweetheart.
Great numbers of them [the women] have eloped from their
allegiance. Addison.
Elopement
E*lope"ment (?), n. The act of eloping; secret departure; -- said of a
woman and a man, one or both, who run away from their homes for
marriage or for cohabitation.
Eloper
E*lop"er (?), n. One who elopes.
Elops
E"lops (?), n. [L. elops, helops, a kind of sea fish, Gr.
1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fishes. See Saury.
2. A mythical serpent. [Obs.] Milton.
Eloquence
El"o*quence (?), n. [F. \'82loquence, L. eloquentia, fr. eloquens. See
Eloquent.]
1. Fluent, forcible, elegant, and persuasive speech in public; the
power of expressing strong emotions in striking and appropriate
language either spoken or written, thereby producing conviction or
persuasion.
Eloquence is speaking out . . . out of the abundance of the heart.
Hare.
2. Fig.: Whatever produces the effect of moving and persuasive speech.
Silence that spoke and eloquence of eyes. Pope.
The hearts of men are their books; events are their tutors; great
actions are their eloquence. Macaulay.
3. That which is eloquently uttered or written.
O, let my books be then the eloquence And dumb presagers of my
speaking breast. Shak.
Syn. -- Oratory; rhetoric.
Eloquent
El"o*quent (?), a. [F. \'82loquent, L. eloquens, -entis, p. pr. of
eloqui to speak out, declaim; e + loqui to speak. See Loquacious.]
1. Having the power of expressing strong emotions or forcible
arguments in an elevated, impassioned, and effective manner; as, an
eloquent orator or preacher.
O Death, all-eloquent! You only prove What dust we dote on when 't
is man we love. Pope.
2. Adapted to express strong emotion or to state facts arguments with
fluency and power; as, an eloquent address or statement; an eloquent
appeal to a jury.
Eloquently
El"o*quent*ly, adv. In an eloquent manner.
Elrich OR Elritch
El"rich (?) OR El"ritch, a. Ghastly; preternatural. Same as Eldritch.
[Scot. & Local, Eng.]
Else
Else (?), a. & pron. [OE. & AS. elles otherwise, gen. sing. of an adj.
signifying other; akin to OHG. elles otherwise, OSw. \'84ljes, Sw.
eljest, Goth. aljis, adj., other, L. alius, Gr. Alias, Alien.] Other;
one or something beside; as, Who else is coming? What else shall I
give? Do you expect anything else? "Bastards and else." Shak.
NOTE: &hand; This word always follows its noun. It is usual to give
the possessive form to else rather than to the substantive; as,
somebody else's; no one else's. "A boy who is fond of somebody
else's pencil case." G. Eliot. "A suit of clothes like everybody
else's." Thackeray.
Else
Else, adv. & conj.
1. Besides; except that mentioned; in addition; as, nowhere else; no
one else.
2. Otherwise; in the other, or the contrary, case; if the facts were
different.
For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give it. Ps. li. 16.
NOTE: &hand; Af ter \'bfor', else is sometimes used expletively, as
simply noting an alternative. "Will you give thanks, . . . or else
shall I?"
Shak.
Elsewhere
Else"where` (?), adv.
1. In any other place; as, these trees are not to be found elsewhere.
2. In some other place; in other places, indefinitely; as, it is
reported in town and elsewhere.
Elsewhither
Else"whith`er (?), adv. To some, or any, other place; as, you will
have to go elsewhither for it. R. of Gloucester."For elsewhither was I
bound." Carlyle.
Elsewise
Else"wise` (?), adv. Otherwise. [R.]
Elsin
El"sin (?), n. A shoemaker's awl. [Prov. Eng.]
Elucidate
E*lu"ci*date (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elucidated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elucidating (?).] [LL. elucidatus, p. p. of elucidare; e + lucidus
full of light, clear. See Lucid.] To make clear or manifest; to render
more intelligible; to illustrate; as, an example will elucidate the
subject.
Elucidation
E*lu`ci*da"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lucidation.] A making clear; the
act of elucidating or that which elucidates, as an explanation, an
exposition, an illustration; as, one example may serve for further
elucidation of the subject.
Elucidative
E*lu"ci*da`tive (?), a. Making clear; tending to elucidate; as, an
elucidative note.
Elucidator
E*lu"ci*da`tor (?), n. One who explains or elucidates; an expositor.
Elucidatory
E*lu"ci*da*to*ry (?), a. Tending to elucidate; elucidative. [R.]
Eluctate
E*luc"tate (?), v. i. [L. eluctatus, p. p. of eluctari to struggle
out; e + luctari to wrestle.] To struggle out; -- with out. [Obs.] Bp.
Hacket.
Eluctation
E`luc*ta"tion (?), n. [L. eluctatio.] A struggling out of any
difficulty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Elucubrate
E*lu"cu*brate (?), v. i. [L. elucubratus, p. p. of elucubrare to
compose by lamplight.] See Lucubrate. [Obs.] Blount.
Elucubration
E*lu`cu*bra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82lucubration.] See Lucubration.
[Obs.] Evelyn.
Elude
E*lude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Eluding.] [L.
eludere, elusum; e + ludere to play: cf. F. \'82luder. See Ludicrous.]
To avoid slyly, by artifice, stratagem, or dexterity; to escape from
in a covert manner; to mock by an unexpected escape; to baffle; as, to
elude an officer; to elude detection, inquiry, search, comprehension;
to elude the force of an argument or a blow.
Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain, Then, hid in shades, eludes
he eager swain. Pope.
The transition from fetichism to polytheism seems a gradual process
of which the stages elude close definition. Tylor.
Syn. -- To evade; avoid; escape; shun; eschew; flee; mock; baffle;
frustrate; foil.
Eludible
E*lud"i*ble (?), a. Capable of being eluded; evadible.
Elul
E"lul (?), n. [Heb.] The sixth month of the Jewish year, by the sacred
reckoning, or the twelfth, by the civil reckoning, corresponding
nearly to the month of September.
Elumbated
E*lum"ba*ted (?), a. [L. elumbis; e + lumbus loin.] Weak or lame in
the loins. [Obs.]
Elusion
E*lu"sion (?), n. [LL. elusio, fr. L. eludere, elusum. See Elude.] Act
of eluding; adroit escape, as by artifice; a mockery; a cheat;
trickery.
Elusive
E*lu"sive (?), a. Tending to elude; using arts or deception to escape;
adroitly escaping or evading; eluding the grasp; fallacious.
Elusive of the bridal day, she gives Fond hopes to all, and all
with hopes deceives. Pope.
-- E*lu"sive*ly, adv. -- E*lu"sive*ness, n.
Elusory
E*lu"so*ry (?), a. [LL. elusorius.] Tending to elude or deceive;
evasive; fraudulent; fallacious; deceitful; deceptive. --
E*lu"so*ri*ness (#), n.
Elute
E*lute" (?), v. t. [L. elutus, p. p. of eluers to elute; e + luere to
wash.] To wash out. [R.] Arbuthnot.
Elutriate
E*lu"tri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elutriated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elutriating (?).] [L. elutriatus, p. p. of elutriare.] To wash or
strain out so as to purify; as, to elutriate the blood as it passes
through the lungs; to strain off or decant, as a powder which is
separated from heavier particles by being drawn off with water; to
cleanse, as by washing.
Elutriation
E*lu`tri*a"tion (?), n. The process of elutriating; a decanting or
racking off by means of water, as finer particles from heavier.
Eluxate
E*lux"ate (?), v. t. [Pref. e- + luxate.] To dislocate; to luxate.
Eluxation
E`lux*a"tion (?), n. Dislocation; luxation.
Elvan
Elv"an (?), a.
1. Pertaining to elves; elvish.
2. (Mining) Of or pertaining to certain veins of feldspathic or
porphyritic rock crossing metalliferous veins in the mining districts
of Cornwall; as, an elvan course.
Elvan, Elvanite
Elv"an, Elv"an*ite (?), n. The rock of an elvan vein, or the elvan
vein itself; an elvan course.
Elve
Elve (?), n. An old form of Elf.
Elver
El"ver (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; --
called also elvene.
Elves
Elves (?), n.; pl. of Elf.
Elvish
Elv"ish (?), a.
1. Pertaining to elves; implike; mischievous; weird; also, vacant;
absent in demeanor. See Elfish.
He seemeth elvish by his countenance. Chaucer.
2. Mysterious; also, foolish. [Obs.]
Elvishly
Elv"ish*ly, adv. In an elvish manner. Sir W. Scott.
Elwand
El"wand (?), n. [Obs.] See Ellwand.
Elysian
E*ly"sian (?), a. [L. Elysius, fr. Elysium.] Pertaining, or the abode
of the blessed after death; hence, yielding the highest pleasures;
exceedingly delightful; beatific. "Elysian shades." Massinger.
"Elysian age." Beattie.
This life of mortal breath Is but a suburb of the life elysian.
Longfellow.
Elysium
E*ly"sium (?), n.; pl. E. Elysiums (#), L. Elysia (#). [L., fr. Gr.
(Anc. Myth.)
1. A dwelling place assigned to happy souls after death; the seat of
future happiness; Paradise.
2. Hence, any delightful place.
An Elysian more pure and bright than that pf the Greeks. I. Taylor.
Elytriform
E*lyt"ri*form (?), a. [Elytrum + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the form,
or structure, of an elytron.
Elytrin
El"y*trin (?), n. [From Elytrum.] (Chem.) See Chitin.
Elytroid
El"y*troid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling a beetle's wing
case.
Elytron; 277, Elytrum
El"y*tron (?; 277), El"y*trum (-tr n.; pl. Elytra (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the anterior pair of wings in the Coleoptera and
some other insects, when they are thick and serve only as a protection
for the posterior pair. See Coleoptera. (b) One of the shieldlike
dorsal scales of certain annelids. See Ch\'91topoda.
Elzevir
El"ze*vir (?), a. (Bibliog.) Applied to books or editions (esp. of the
Greek New Testament and the classics) printed and published by the
Elzevir family at Amsterdam, Leyden, etc., from about 1592 to 1680;
also, applied to a round open type introduced by them.
The Elzevir editions are valued for their neatness, and the elegant
small types used. Brande & C.
'Em
'Em (?). An obsolete or colloquial contraction of the old form hem,
them. Addison.
Em
Em (?), n. (Print.) The portion of a line formerly occupied by the
letter m, then a square type, used as a unit by which to measure the
amount of printed matter on a page; the square of the body of a type.
Em-
Em-. A prefix. See En-.
Emacerate
E*mac"er*ate (?), v. t. & i. [L. emaceratus emaciated; e + macerare to
make soft.] To make lean or to become lean; to emaciate. [Obs.]
Bullokar.
Emaceration
E*mac`er*a"tion (?), n. Emaciation. [Obs.]
Emaciate
E*ma"ci*ate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emaciated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emaciating.] [L. emaciatus, p. p. of emaciare to make lean; e +
maciare to make lean or meager, fr. macies leanness, akin to macer
lean. See Meager.] To lose flesh gradually and become very lean; to
waste away in flesh. "He emaciated and pined away." Sir T. Browne.
Emaciate
E*ma"ci*ate, v. t. To cause to waste away in flesh and become very
lean; as, his sickness emaciated him.
Emaciate
E*ma"ci*ate (?), a. [L. emaciatus, p. p.] Emaciated. "Emaciate
steeds." T. Warton.
Emaciation
E*ma`ci*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82maciation.]
1. The act of making very lean.
2. The state of being emaciated or reduced to excessive leanness; an
excessively lean condition.
Emaculate
E*mac"u*late (?), v. t. [L. emaculatus, p. p. of emaculare to clear
from spots. See Maculate.] To clear from spots or stains, or from any
imperfection. [Obs.] Hales.
Emaculation
E*mac`u*la"tion (?), n. The act of clearing from spots. [Obs.]
Johnson.
\'92mail ombrant
\'92`mail` om`brant" (?). [F., shaded enamel.] (Fine Arts) An art or
process of flooding transparent colored glaze over designs stamped or
molded on earthenware or porcelain. Ure.
Emanant
Em"a*nant (?), a. [L. emanans, -antis, p. pr. of emanare. See
Emanate.] Issuing or flowing forth; emanating; passing forth into an
act, or making itself apparent by an effect; -- said of mental acts;
as, an emanant volition.
Emanate
Em"a*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emanated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emanating.] [L. emanare, emanatum, to emanate; e out + manare to flow,
prob. for madnare, and akin to madere to be wet, drip, madidus wet,
drenched, drunk, Gr. mad to boil, matta drunk. Cf. Emane.]
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Page 482
1. To issue forth from a source; to flow out from more or less
constantly; as, fragrance emanates from flowers.
2. To proceed from, as a source or fountain; to take origin; to arise,
to originate.
That subsisting from of government from which all special laws
emanate. De Quincey.
Syn. -- To flow; arise; proceed; issue; originate.
Emanate
Em"a*nate (?), a. Issuing forth; emanant. [R.]
Emanation
Em`a*na"tion (?), n. [L. emanatio: cf. F. \'82manation.]
1. The act of flowing or proceeding from a fountain head or origin.
South.
Those profitable and excellent emanations from God. Jer. Taylor.
2. That which issues, flows, or proceeds from any object as a source;
efflux; an effluence; as, perfume is an emanation from a flower.
An emanation of the indwelling life. Bryant.
Emanative
Em"a*na*tive (?), a. Issuing forth; effluent.
Emanatively
Em"a*na*tive*ly, adv. By an emanation.
Emanatory
Em"a*na*to*ry (?), a. Emanative; of the nature of an emanation. Dr. H.
More.
Emancipate
E*man"ci*pate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emancipated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emancipating.] [L. emancipatus, p. p. of emancipare to emancipate;
e + mancipare to transfer ownership in, fr. manceps purchaser, as
being one who laid his hand on the thing bought; manus hand + capere
to take. See Manual, and Capable.] To set free from the power of
another; to liberate; as: (a) To set free, as a minor from a parent;
as, a father may emancipate a child. (b) To set free from bondage; to
give freedom to; to manumit; as, to emancipate a slave, or a country.
Brasidas . . . declaring that he was sent to emancipate Hellas.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
(c) To free from any controlling influence, especially from anything
which exerts undue or evil influence; as, to emancipate one from
prejudices or error.
From how many troublesome and slavish impertinences . . . he had
emancipated and freed himself. Evelyn.
To emancipate the human conscience. A. W. Ward.
Emancipate
E*man"ci*pate (?), a. [L. emancipatus, p. p.] Set at liberty.
Emancipation
E*man`ci*pa"tion (?), n. [L. emancipatio: cf. F. \'82mancipation.] The
act of setting free from the power of another, from slavery,
subjection, dependence, or controlling influence; also, the state of
being thus set free; liberation; as, the emancipation of slaves; the
emancipation of minors; the emancipation of a person from prejudices;
the emancipation of the mind from superstition; the emancipation of a
nation from tyranny or subjection. Syn. -- Deliverance; liberation;
release; freedom; manumission; enfranchisement.
Emancipationist
E*man`ci*pa"tion*ist, n. An advocate of emancipation, esp. the
emancipation of slaves.
Emancipator
E*man"ci*pa`tor (?), n. [L.] One who emancipates.
Emancipatory
E*man"ci*pa*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to emancipation, or tending to
effect emancipation. "Emancipatory laws." G. Eliot.
Emancipist
E*man"ci*pist (?), n. A freed convict. [Australia]
Emarginate
E*mar"gi*nate (?), v. t. [L. emarginare; e out + marginare to furnish
with a margin, fr. margo margin.] To take away the margin of.
Emarginate, Emarginated
E*mar"gi*nate (?), E*mar"gi*na`ted (?), a.
1. Having the margin interrupted by a notch or shallow sinus.
2. (Bot.) Notched at the summit.
3. (Cryst.) Having the edges truncated.
Emarginately
E*mar"gi*nate*ly, adv. In an emarginate manner.
Emargination
E*mar`gi*na"tion (?), n. The act of notching or indenting the margin,
or the state of being so notched; also, a notch or shallow sinus in a
margin.
Emasculate
E*mas"cu*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emasculated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emasculating (?).] [L. emasculare; e + masculus male, masculine.
See Male masculine.]
1. To deprive of virile or procreative power; to castrate power; to
castrate; to geld.
2. To deprive of masculine vigor or spirit; to weaken; to render
effeminate; to vitiate by unmanly softness.
Luxury had not emasculated their minds. V. Knox.
Emasculate
E*mas"cu*late (?), a. Deprived of virility or vigor; unmanned; weak.
"Emasculate slave." Hammond.
Emasculation
E*mas`cu*la"tion (?), n.
1. The act of depriving of virility, or the state of being so
deprived; castration.
2. The act of depriving, or state of being deprived, of vigor or
strength; unmanly weakness.
Emasculator
E*mas"cu*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, emasculates.
Emasculatory
E*mas"cu*la*to*ry (?), a. Serving or tending to emasculate.
Embace
Em*bace" (?), v. t. See Embase. [Obs.]
Embale
Em*bale" (?), v. t. [F. emballer; pref. em- (L. in) + balle bale. See
1st Bale.] [Obs.]
1. To make up into a bale or pack. Johnson.
2. To bind up; to inclose.
Legs . . . embaled in golden buskins. Spenser.
Emball
Em*ball" (?), v. t. [See Embale.] To encircle or embrace. [Obs.] Sir
P. Sidney.
Embalm
Em*balm" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embalmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embalming.] [F. embaumer; pref. em- (L. in) + baume balm. See Balm.]
1. To anoint all over with balm; especially, to preserve from decay by
means of balm or other aromatic oils, or spices; to fill or impregnate
(a dead body), with aromatics and drugs that it may resist
putrefaction.
Joseph commanded his servants, the physicians, to embalm embalmed
Israel. Gem. l. 2.
2. To fill or imbue with sweet odor; to perfume.
With fresh dews embalmed the earth. Milton.
3. To preserve from decay or oblivion as if with balm; to perpetuate
in remembrance.
Those tears eternal that embalm the dead. Pope.
Embalmer
Em*balm"er (?), n. One who embalms.
Embalmment
Em*balm"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embaumement.] The act of embalming. [R.]
Malone.
Embank
Em*bank" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embanked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embanking.] [Pref. em- + bank. Cf. Imbank.] To throw up a bank so as
to confine or to defend; to protect by a bank of earth or stone.
Embankment
Em*bank"ment (?), n.
1. The act of surrounding or defending with a bank.
2. A structure of earth, gravel, etc., raised to prevent water from
overflowing a level tract of country, to retain water in a reservoir,
or to carry a roadway, etc.
Embar
Em*bar" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embanking.] [Pref. em- + bar: cf. F. embarrer. Cf. Embargo.]
1. To bar or shut in; to inclose securely, as with bars.
Where fast embarred in mighty brazen wall. Spenser.
2. To stop; to hinder by prohibition; to block up.
He embarred all further trade. Bacon.
Embarcation
Em`bar*ca"tion (?), n. Same as Embarkation.
Embarge
Em*barge" (?), v. t. To put in a barge. [Poetic] Drayton.
Embargo
Em*bar"go (?), n.; pl. Embargoes (#). [Sp., fr. embargar to arrest,
restrain; pref. em- (L. in) + Sp. barra bar, akin to F. barre bar. See
Bar.] An edict or order of the government prohibiting the departure of
ships of commerce from some or all of the ports within its dominions;
a prohibition to sail.
NOTE: &hand; If th e em bargo is la id on an enemy's ships, it is
called a hostile embargo; if on the ships belonging to citizens of
the embargoing state, it is called a civil embargo.
Embargo
Em*bar"go, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embargoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embargoing.] To lay an embargo on and thus detain; to prohibit from
leaving port; -- said of ships, also of commerce and goods.
Embark
Em*bark" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embarking.] [F. embarquer; pref. em- (L. in) + barque bark: cf. Sp.
embarcar, It. imbarcare. See Bark. a vessel.]
1. To cause to go on board a vessel or boat; to put on shipboard.
2. To engage, enlist, or invest (as persons, money, etc.) in any
affair; as, he embarked his fortune in trade.
It was the reputation of the sect upon which St. Paul embarked his
salvation. South.
Embark
Em*bark", v. i.
1. To go on board a vessel or a boat for a voyage; as, the troops
embarked for Lisbon.
2. To engage in any affair.
Slow to embark in such an undertaking. Macaulay.
Embarkation
Em`bar*ka"tion (?), n.
1. The act of putting or going on board of a vessel; as, the
embarkation of troops.
2. That which is embarked; as, an embarkation of Jesuits. Smollett.
Embarkment
Em*bark"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embarquement.] Embarkation. [R.]
Middleton.
Embarrass
Em*bar"rass (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarrassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embarrassing.] [F. embarrasser (cf. Sp. embarazar, Pg. embara, Pr.
barras bar); pref. em- (L. in) + LL. barra bar. See Bar.]
1. To hinder from freedom of thought, speech, or action by something
which impedes or confuses mental action; to perplex; to discompose; to
disconcert; as, laughter may embarrass an orator.
2. To hinder from liberty of movement; to impede; to obstruct; as,
business is embarrassed; public affairs are embarrassed.
3. (Com.) To involve in difficulties concerning money matters; to
incumber with debt; to beset with urgent claims or demands; -- said of
a person or his affairs; as, a man or his business is embarrassed when
he can not meet his pecuniary engagements. Syn. -- To hinder; perplex;
entangle; confuse; puzzle; disconcert; abash; distress. -- To
Embarrass, Puzzle, Perplex. We are puzzled when our faculties are
confused by something we do not understand. We are perplexed when our
feelings, as well as judgment, are so affected that we know not how to
decide or act. We are embarrassed when there is some bar or hindrance
upon us which impedes our powers of thought, speech, or motion. A
schoolboy is puzzled by a difficult sum; a reasoner is perplexed by
the subtleties of his opponent; a youth is sometimes so embarrassed
before strangers as to lose his presence of mind.
Embarrass
Em*bar"rass, n. [F. embarras. See Embarrass, v. t.] Embarrassment.
[Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
Embarrassment
Em*bar"rass*ment (?), n. [F. embarrassement.]
1. A state of being embarrassed; perplexity; impediment to freedom of
action; entanglement; hindrance; confusion or discomposure of mind, as
from not knowing what to do or to say; disconcertedness.
The embarrassment which inexperienced minds have often to express
themselves upon paper. W. Irving.
The embarrassments tom commerce growing out of the late
regulations. Bancroft.
2. Difficulty or perplexity arising from the want of money to pay
debts.
Embase
Em*base" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + base, a. or v. t.: cf. OF.
embaissier.] To bring down or lower, as in position, value, etc.; to
debase; to degrade; to deteriorate. [Obs.]
Embased the valleys, and embossed the hills. Sylvester.
Alloy in coin of gold . . . may make the metal work the better, but
it embaseth it. Bacon.
Such pitiful embellishments of speech as serve for nothing but to
embase divinity. South.
Embasement
Em*base"ment (?), n. [From Embase, v. t.] Act of bringing down;
depravation; deterioration. South.
Embassade
Em"bas*sade (?), n. [F. ambassade. See Embassy.] An embassy. See
Ambassade. [Obs.] Shak.
Embassador
Em*bas"sa*dor (?), n. [F. ambassadeur, Sp. embajador, LL. ambassiator,
ambasciator. See Embassy, and cf. Ambassador.] Same as Ambassador.
Stilbon, that was a wise embassadour, Was sent to Corinth. Chaucer.
Myself my king's embassador will go. Dryden.
Embassadorial
Em*bas`sa*do"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F. ambassadorial.] Same as
Ambassadorial.
Embassadress
Em*bas"sa*dress (?), n. [Cf. F. ambassadrice.] Same as Ambassadress.
Embassadry
Em*bas"sa*dry (?), n. [Cf. OF. ambassaderie.] Embassy. [Obs.] Leland.
Embassage
Em"bas*sage (?; 48), n.
1. An embassy. "He sent a solemn embassage." Bacon.
Except your embassages have better success. Motley.
2. Message; errand. Shak.
Embassy
Em"bas*sy (?), n.; pl. Embassies (#). [OF. ambass\'82e, embasc\'82e,
LL. ambasciata, fr. ambasciare for ambactiare to go on a mission, fr.
L. ambactus vassal, dependent, of Celtic or German origin; cf. W.
amaeth husbandman, Goth. andbahts servant, G. amt office, OHG. ambaht.
Cf. Ambassador.]
1. The public function of an ambassador; the charge or business
intrusted to an ambassador or to envoys; a public message to; foreign
court concerning state affairs; hence, any solemn message.
He sends the angels on embassies with his decrees. Jer. Taylor.
2. The person or persons sent as ambassadors or envoys; the ambassador
and his suite; envoys.
3. The residence or office of an ambassador.
NOTE: &hand; Sometimes, but rarely, spelled ambassy.
Embastardize
Em*bas"tard*ize (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + bastardize.] To bastardize.
[Obs.]
Embathe
Em*bathe" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + bathe. Cf. Imbathe.] To bathe; to
imbathe.
Embattail
Em*bat"tail (?), v. t. [See Embattle.] To furnish with battlements; to
fortify as with battlements. [Archaic]
To embattail and to wall about thy cause With iron-worded proof.
Tennyson.
Embattle
Em*bat"tle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embattled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embattling (?).] [OF. embataillier; pref. em- (L. in) + F. bataille
battle. See Battle, and cf. Battlement.] To arrange in order of
battle; to array for battle; also, to prepare or arm for battle; to
equip as for battle.
One in bright arms embattled full strong. Spenser.
Here once the embattled farmers stood And fired the shot heard
round the world. Emerson.
Embattle
Em*bat"tle, v. i. To be arrayed for battle. [Obs.]
Embattle
Em*bat"tle, v. t. [See Battlement.] To furnish with battlements.
"Embattled house." Wordsworth.
Embattled
Em*bat"tled (?), a.
1. Having indentations like a battlement. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. (Her.) Having the edge broken like battlements; -- said of a
bearing such as a fess, bend, or the like.
3. Having been the place of battle; as, an embattled plain or field.
J. Baillie.
Embattlement
Em*bat"tle*ment (?), n.
1. An intended parapet; a battlement.
2. The fortifying of a building or a wall by means of battlements.
Embay
Em*bay" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + bay to bathe.] To bathe; to soothe or
lull as by bathing. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embay
Em*bay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Embaying.]
[Pref. em- + 1st bay.] To shut in, or shelter, as in a bay.
If that the Turkish fleet Be not ensheltered and embayed, they are
drowned. Shak.
Embayment
Em*bay"ment (?), n. A bay. [R.]
The embayment which is terminated by the land of North Berwick. Sir
W. Scott.
Embeam
Em*beam" (?), v. t. To make brilliant with beams. [R.] G. Fletcher.
Embed
Em*bed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embedded; p. pr. & vb. n. Embedding.]
[Pref. em- + bed. Cf. Imbed.] To lay as in a bed; to lay in
surrounding matter; to bed; as, to embed a thing in clay, mortar, or
sand.
Embedment
Em*bed"ment (?), n. The act of embedding, or the state of being
embedded.
Embellish
Em*bel"lish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embellished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embellishing.] [OE. embelisen, embelisshen, F. embellir; pref. em- (L.
in) + bel, beau, beautiful. See Beauty.] To make beautiful or elegant
by ornaments; to decorate; to adorn; as, to embellish a book with
pictures, a garden with shrubs and flowers, a narrative with striking
anecdotes, or style with metaphors. Syn. -- To adorn; beautify; deck;
bedeck; decorate; garnish; enrich; ornament; illustrate. See Adorn.
Embellisher
Em*bel"lish*er (?), n. One who embellishes.
Embellishment
Em*bel"lish*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embellissement.]
1. The act of adorning, or the state of being adorned; adornment.
In the selection of their ground, as well as in the embellishment
of it. Prescott.
2. That which adds beauty or elegance; ornament; decoration; as,
pictorial embellishments.
The graces and embellishments of the exterior man. I. Taylor.
Ember
Em"ber (?), n. [OE. emmeres, emeres, AS. ; akin to Icel. eimyrja, Dan.
emmer, MHG. eimere; cf. Icel. eimr vapor, smoke.] A lighted coal,
smoldering amid ashes; -- used chiefly in the plural, to signify
mingled coals and ashes; the smoldering remains of a fire. "He rakes
hot embers." Dryden.
He takes a lighted ember out of the covered vessel. Colebrooke.
Ember
Em"ber, a. [OE. ymber, AS. ymbren, ymbryne, prop., running around,
circuit; ymbe around + ryne a running, fr. rinnan to run. See Amb-,
and Run.] Making a circuit of the year of the seasons; recurring in
each quarter of the year; as, ember fasts.
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Page 483
Ember days (R. C. & Eng. Ch.), days set apart for fasting and prayer
in each of the four seasons of the year. The Council of Placentia [A.
D. 1095] appointed for ember days the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday
after the first Sunday in Lent, Whitsuntide, the 14th of September,
and the 13th of December. The weeks in which these days fall are
called ember weeks.
Ember-goose
Em"ber-goose` (?), n. [Cf. Norw. ember, hav-imber, hav-immer, Icel.
himbrin, himbrimi.] (Zo\'94l.) The loon or great northern diver. See
Loon. [Written also emmer-goose and imber-goose.]
Emberings
Em"ber*ings (?), n. pl. Ember days. [Obs.]
Embetter
Em*bet"ter (?), v. t. To make better. [Obs.]
Embezzle
Em*bez"zle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embezzled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embezzling (?).] [Norm. F. embeseiller to destroy; cf. OF. besillier
to ill treat, ravage, destroy. Cf. Bezzle.]
1. To appropriate fraudulently to one's own use, as property intrusted
to one's care; to apply to one's private uses by a breach of trust;
as, to embezzle money held in trust.
2. To misappropriate; to waste; to dissipate in extravagance. [Obs.]
To embezzle our money in drinking or gaming. Sharp.
Embezzlement
Em*bez"zle*ment (?), n. The fraudulent appropriation of property by a
person to whom it has been intrusted; as, the embezzlement by a clerk
of his employer's; embezzlement of public funds by the public officer
having them in charge.
NOTE: &hand; La rceny de notes a taking, by fraud or stealth, from
another's possession; embezzlement denotes an appropriation, by
fraud or stealth, of property already in the wrongdoer's
possession. In England and in most of the United States
embezzlement is made indictable by statute.
Embezzler
Em*bez"zler (?), n. One who embezzles.
Embillow
Em*bil"low (?), v. i. To swell or heave like a [R.] Lisle.
Embiotocoid
Em`bi*ot"o*coid (?), a. [NL. Embiotoca, the name of one genus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Belonging to, or resembling, the Embiotocid\'91. -- n. One
of a family of fishes (Embiotocid\'91) abundant on the coast of
California, remarkable for being viviparous; -- also called surf
fishes and viviparous fishes. See Illust. in Append.
Embitter
Em*bit"ter (?), v. t. To make bitter or sad. See Imbitter.
Embitterment
Em*bit"ter*ment (?), n. The act of embittering; also, that which
embitters.
Emblanch
Em*blanch" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + 1st blanch.] To whiten. See Blanch.
[Obs.] Heylin.
Emblaze
Em*blaze" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblazing.] [Pref. em- + 1st blaze.]
1. To adorn with glittering embellishments.
No weeping orphan saw his father's stores Our shrines irradiate, or
emblaze the floors. Pope.
2. To paint or adorn with armorial figures; to blazon, or emblazon.
[Archaic]
The imperial ensign, . . . streaming to the wind, With gems and
golden luster rich emblazed. Milton.
Emblazon
Em*bla"zon (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblazoned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblazoning.] [Pref. em- + blazon. Cf. Emblaze.]
1. To depict or represent; -- said of heraldic bearings. See Blazon.
2. To deck in glaring colors; to set off conspicuously; to display
pompously; to decorate.
The walls were . . . emblazoned with legends in commemoration of
the illustrious pair. Prescott.
Emblazoner
Em*bla"zon*er (?), n. One who emblazons; also, one who publishes and
displays anything with pomp.
Emblazoning
Em*bla"zon*ing, n. The act or art of heraldic decoration; delineation
of armorial bearings.
Emblazonment
Em*bla"zon*ment (?), n. An emblazoning.
Emblazonry
Em*bla"zon*ry (?), n.; pl. Emblazonries (. The act or art of an
emblazoner; heraldic or ornamental decoration, as pictures or figures
on shields, standards, etc.; emblazonment.
Thine ancient standard's rich emblazonry. Trench.
Emblem
Em"blem (?), n. [F. embl\'8ame, L. emblema, -atis, that which is put
in or on, inlaid work, fr. Gr. In, and Parable.]
1. Inlay; inlaid or mosaic work; something ornamental inserted in a
surface. [Obs.] Milton.
2. A visible sign of an idea; an object, or the figure of an object,
symbolizing and suggesting another object, or an idea, by natural
aptness or by association; a figurative representation; a typical
designation; a symbol; as, a balance is an emblem of justice; a
scepter, the emblem of sovereignty or power; a circle, the emblem of
eternity. "His cicatrice, an emblem of war, here on his sinister
cheek." Shak.
3. A picture accompanied with a motto, a set of verse, or the like,
intended as a moral lesson or meditation.
NOTE: &hand; Wr iters an d ar tists of th e 17th century gave much
attention and study to the composition of such emblems, and many
collections of them were published.
Syn. -- Sign; symbol; type; device; signal; token. -- Sign, Emblem,
Symbol, Type. Sign is the generic word comprehending all significant
representations. An emblem is a visible object representing another by
a natural suggestion of characteristic qualities, or an habitual and
recognized association; as, a circle, having no apparent beginning or
end, is an emblem of eternity; a particular flag is the emblem of the
country or ship which has adopted it for a sign and with which it is
habitually associated. Between emblem and symbol the distinction is
slight, and often one may be substituted for the other without
impropriety. See Symbol. Thus, a circle is either an emblem or a
symbol of eternity; a scepter, either an emblem or a symbol of
authority; a lamb, either an emblem or a symbol of meekness. "An
emblem is always of something simple; a symbol may be of something
complex, as of a transaction . . . In consequence we do not speak of
actions emblematic." C. J. Smith. A type is a representative example,
or model, exhibiting the qualities common to all individuals of the
class to which it belongs; as, the Monitor is a type of a class of war
vessels.
Emblem
Em"blem (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblemed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embleming.] To represent by an emblem; to symbolize. [R.]
Emblemed by the cozening fig tree. Feltham.
Emblematic, Emblematical
Em`blem*at"ic (?), Em`blem*at"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. embl\'82matique.]
Pertaining to, containing, or consisting in, an emblem; symbolic;
typically representative; representing as an emblem; as, emblematic
language or ornaments; a crown is emblematic of royalty; white is
emblematic of purity. -- Em`blem*at"ic*al*ly, adv.
Emblematiccize
Em`blem*at"ic*cize (?), v. t. To render emblematic; as, to
emblematicize a picture. [R.] Walpole.
Emblematist
Em*blem"a*tist (?), n. A writer or inventor of emblems. Sir T. Browne.
Emblematize
Em*blem"a*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblematized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emblematizing (?).] To represent by, or as by, an emblem; to
symbolize.
Anciently the sun was commonly emblematized by a starry or radiate
figure. Bp. Hurd.
Emblement
Em"ble*ment (?), n. [OF. embleer to sow with corn, F. emblaver, fr.
LL. imbladare; pref. in- + LL. bladum grain, F. bl\'82.] (Law) The
growing crop, or profits of a crop which has been sown or planted; --
used especially in the plural. The produce of grass, trees, and the
like, is not emblement. Wharton's Law Dict.
Emblemize
Em"blem*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblemized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblemizing (?).] To represent by an emblem; to emblematize. [R.]
Embloom
Em*bloom" (?), v. t. To emblossom. Savage.
Emblossom
Em*blos"som (?), v. t. To cover or adorn with blossoms.
On the white emblossomed spray. J. Cunningham.
Embodier
Em*bod"i*er (?), n. One who embodies.
Embodiment
Em*bod"i*ment (?), n.
1. The act of embodying; the state of being embodied.
2. That which embodies or is embodied; representation in a physical
body; a completely organized system, like the body; as, the embodiment
of courage, or of courtesy; the embodiment of true piety.
Embody
Em*bod"y (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embodied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embodying.] To form into a body; to invest with a body; to collect
into a body, a united mass, or a whole; to incorporate; as, to embody
one's ideas in a treatise. [Written also imbody.]
Devils embodied and disembodied. Sir W. Scott.
The soul, while it is embodied, can no more be divided from sin.
South.
Embody
Em*bod"y, v. i. To unite in a body, a mass, or a collection; to
coalesce. [Written also imbody.]
Firmly to embody against this court party. Burke.
Embogue
Em*bogue" (?), v. i. [See Disembogue.] To disembogue; to discharge, as
a river, its waters into the sea or another river. [R.]
Emboguing
Em*bo"guing (?), n. The mouth of a river, or place where its waters
are discharged. [R.]
Emboil
Em*boil" (?), v. i. To boil with anger; to effervesce. [Obs.] Spenser.
Emboil
Em*boil", v. t. To cause to boil with anger; to irritate; to chafe.
[Obs.] Spenser.
Embo\'8ctement
Em`bo\'8cte"ment` (?), n. [F., fr. embo\'8cter to fit in, insert; en
in + bo\'8cte box.] (Biol.) The hypothesis that all living things
proceed from pre\'89xisting germs, and that these encase the germs of
all future living things, inclosed one within another. Buffon.
Embolden
Em*bold"en (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emboldened (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emboldening (?).] To give boldness or courage to; to encourage. Shak.
The self-conceit which emboldened him to undertake this dangerous
office. Sir W. Scott.
Emboldener
Em*bold"en*er (?), n. One who emboldens.
Embolic
Em*bol"ic (?), a. [Gr. Embolism.]
1. Embolismic.
2. (Med.) Pertaining to an embolism; produced by an embolism; as, an
embolic abscess.
3. (Biol.) Pushing or growing in; -- said of a kind of invagination.
See under Invagination.
Embolism
Em"bo*lism (?), n. [L. embolismus, from Gr. embolisme. See Emblem.]
1. Intercalation; the insertion of days, months, or years, in an
account of time, to produce regularity; as, the embolism of a lunar
month in the Greek year.
2. Intercalated time. Johnson.
3. (Med.) The occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus. Embolism in
the brain often produces sudden unconsciousness and paralysis.
Embolismal
Em`bo*lis"mal (?), a. Pertaining to embolism; intercalary; as,
embolismal months.
Embolismatic, Embolismatical
Em`bo*lis*mat"ic (?), Em`bo*lis*mat"ic*al (?), a. Embolismic.
Embolismic, Embolismical
Em`bo*lis"mic (?), Em`bo*lis"mic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. embolismique.]
Pertaining to embolism or intercalation; intercalated; as, an
embolismic year, i. e., the year in which there is intercalation.
Embolite
Em"bo*lite (?), n. [From Gr. (Min.) A mineral consisting of both the
chloride and the bromide of silver.
Embolus
Em"bo*lus (?), n.; pl. Emboli (#). [L., fr. Gr. Emblem.]
1. Something inserted, as a wedge; the piston or sucker of a pump or
syringe.
2. (Med.) A plug of some substance lodged in a blood vessel, being
brought thither by the blood current. It consists most frequently of a
clot of fibrin, a detached shred of a morbid growth, a globule of fat,
or a microscopic organism.
Emboly
Em"bo*ly (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) Embolic invagination. See under
Invagination.
Embonpoint
Em`bon`point" (?), n. [F., fr. en bon point in good condition. See
Bon, and Point.] Plumpness of person; -- said especially of persons
somewhat corpulent.
Emborder
Em*bor"der (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + border: cf. OF. emborder.]
To furnish or adorn with a border; to imborder.
Embosom
Em*bos"om (?), v. t. [Written also imbosom.]
1. To take into, or place in, the bosom; to cherish; to foster.
Glad to embosom his affection. Spenser.
2. To inclose or surround; to shelter closely; to place in the midst
of something.
His house embosomed in the grove. Pope.
Some tender flower . . . . Embosomed in the greenest glade. Keble.
Emboss
Em*boss" (?; 115), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embossed (?; 115); p. pr. & vb.
n. Embossing.] [Pref. em- (L. in) + boss: cf. OF. embosser to swell in
bunches.]
1. To arise the surface of into bosses or protuberances; particularly,
to ornament with raised work.
Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton.
2. To raise in relief from a surface, as an ornament, a head on a
coin, or the like.
Then o'er the lofty gate his art embossed Androgeo's death. Dryden.
Exhibiting flowers in their natural color embossed upon a purple
ground. Sir W. Scott.
Emboss
Em*boss", v. t. [Etymology uncertain.] To make to foam at the mouth,
like a hunted animal. [Obs.]
Emboss
Em*boss", v. t. [Cf. Pr. & Sp. emboscar, It. imboscare, F. embusquer,
and E. imbosk.]
1. To hide or conceal in a thicket; to imbosk; to inclose, shelter, or
shroud in a wood. [Obs.]
In the Arabian woods embossed. Milton.
2. To surround; to ensheath; to immerse; to beset.
A knight her met in mighty arms embossed. Spenser.
Emboss
Em*boss", v. i. To seek the bushy forest; to hide in the woods. [Obs.]
S. Butler.
Embossed
Em*bossed" (?; 115), a.
1. Formed or covered with bosses or raised figures.
2. Having a part projecting like the boss of a shield.
3. Swollen; protuberant. [Obs.] "An embossed carbuncle." Shak.
Embosser
Em*boss"er (?; 115), n. One who embosses.
Embossment
Em*boss"ment (?), n.
1. The act of forming bosses or raised figures, or the state of being
so formed.
2. A bosslike prominence; figure in relief; raised work; jut;
protuberance; esp., a combination of raised surfaces having a
decorative effect. "The embossment of the figure." Addison.
Embottle
Em*bot"tle (?), v. t. To bottle. [R.] Phillips.
Embouchure
Em`bou`chure" (?), n. [F., fr. emboucher to put to the mouth; pref.
em- (L. in) + bouche the mouth. Cf. Embouge, Debouch.]
1. The mouth of a river; also, the mouth of a cannon.
2. (Mus.) (a) The mouthpiece of a wind instrument. (b) The shaping of
the lips to the mouthpiece; as, a flute player has a good embouchure.
Embow
Em*bow" (?), v. t. To bend like a bow; to curve. "Embowed arches."
[Obs. or R.] Sir W. Scott.
With gilded horns embowed like the moon. Spenser.
Embowel
Em*bow"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emboweled (?) or Embowelled; p. pr.
& vb. n. Emboweling or Embowelling.]
1. To disembowel.
The barbarous practice of emboweling. Hallam.
The boar . . . makes his trough In your emboweled bosoms. Shak.
NOTE: &hand; Disembowel is the preferable word in this sense.
2. To imbed; to hide in the inward parts; to bury.
Or deep emboweled in the earth entire. Spenser.
Emboweler
Em*bow"el*er (?), n. One who takes out the bowels. [Written also
emboweller.]
Embowelment
Em*bow"el*ment (?), n. Disembowelment.
Embower
Em*bow"er (?), v. t. To cover with a bower; to shelter with trees.
[Written also imbower.] [Poetic] Milton. -- v. i. To lodge or rest in
a bower. [Poetic] "In their wide boughs embow'ring. " Spenser.
Embowl
Em*bowl" (?), v. t. To form like a bowl; to give a globular shape to.
[Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
Embox
Em*box" (?), v. t. To inclose, as in a box; to imbox.
Emboyssement
Em*boysse"ment (?), n. [See Embushment.] An ambush. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Embrace
Em*brace" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (intens.) + brace, v. t.] To fasten
on, as armor. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embrace
Em*brace", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embraced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Embracing
(?).] [OE. embracier, F. embrasser; pref. em- (L. in) + F. bras arm.
See Brace, n.]
1. To clasp in the arms with affection; to take in the arms; to hug.
I will embrace him with a soldier's arm, That he shall shrink under
my courtesy. Shak.
Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them. Acts xx. 1.
2. To cling to; to cherish; to love. Shak.
3. To seize eagerly, or with alacrity; to accept with cordiality; to
welcome. "I embrace these conditions." "You embrace the occasion."
Shak.
What is there that he may not embrace for truth? Locke.
4. To encircle; to encompass; to inclose.
Low at his feet a spacious plain is placed, Between the mountain
and the stream embraced. Denham.
5. To include as parts of a whole; to comprehend; to take in; as,
natural philosophy embraces many sciences.
Not that my song, in such a scanty space, So large a subject fully
can embrace. Dryden.
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Page 484
6. To accept; to undergo; to submit to. "I embrace this fortune
patiently." Shak.
7. (Law) To attempt to influence corruptly, as a jury or court.
Blackstone. Syn. -- To clasp; hug; inclose; encompass; include;
Embrace
Em*brace" (?), v. i. To join in an embrace.
Embrace
Em*brace", n. Intimate or close encircling with the arms; pressure to
the bosom; clasp; hug.
We stood tranced in long embraces, Mixed with kisses. Tennyson.
Embracement
Em*brace"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embrassement.]
1. A clasp in the arms; embrace.
Dear though chaste embracements. Sir P. Sidney.
2. State of being contained; inclosure. [Obs.]
In the embracement of the parts hardly reparable, as bones. Bacon.
3. Willing acceptance. [Obs.]
A ready embracement of . . . his kindness. Barrow.
Embraceor
Em*brace"or (?), n. (Law) One guilty of embracery.
Embracer
Em*bra"cer (?), n. One who embraces.
Embracery
Em*bra"cer*y (?), n. (Law) An attempt to influence a court, jury,
etc., corruptly, by promises, entreaties, money, entertainments,
threats, or other improper inducements.
Embracive
Em*bra"cive (?), a. Disposed to embrace; fond of caressing. [R.]
Thackeray.
Embraid
Em*braid" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + 1st braid.]
1. To braid up, as hair. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. To upbraid. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
Embranchment
Em*branch"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embranchement.] The branching forth, as
of trees.
Embrangle
Em*bran"gle (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + brangle.] To confuse; to
entangle.
I am lost and embrangled in inextricable difficulties. Berkeley.
Embrasure
Em*bra"sure (?; 135), n. [See Embrace.] An embrace. [Obs.] "Our locked
embrasures."" Shak.
Embrasure
Em*bra"sure (277), n. [F., fr. embraser, perh. equiv. to \'82braser to
widen an opening; of unknown origin.]
1. (Arch.) A splay of a door or window.
Apart, in the twilight gloom of a window's embrasure, Sat the
lovers. Longfellow.
2. (Fort.) An aperture with slant sides in a wall or parapet, through
which cannon are pointed and discharged; a crenelle. See Illust. of
Casemate.
Embrave
Em*brave" (?), v. t.
1. To inspire with bravery. [Obs.] Beaumont.
2. To decorate; to make showy and fine. [Obs.]
And with sad cypress seemly it embraves. Spenser.
Embrawn
Em*brawn" (?), v. t. To harden. [Obs.]
It will embrawn and iron-crust his flesh. Nash.
Embread
Em*bread" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + bread = 1st braid.] To
braid. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embreathement
Em*breathe"ment (?), n. The act of breathing in; inspiration. [R.]
The special and immediate suggestion, embreathement, and dictation
of the Holy Ghost. W. Lee.
Embrew
Em*brew" (?), v. t. To imbrue; to stain with blood. [Obs.] Spenser.
Embright
Em*bright" (?), v. t. To brighten. [Obs.]
Embrocate
Em"bro*cate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embrocated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embrocating.] [NL. embrocatus, p. p. of embrocare; cf. Gr. (Med.) To
moisten and rub (a diseased part) with a liquid substance, as with
spirit, oil, etc., by means of a cloth or sponge.
Embrocation
Em`bro*ca"tion (?), n. [NL. embrocatio: cf. F. embrocation.] (Med.)
(a) The act of moistening and rubbing a diseased part with spirit,
oil, etc. (b) The liquid or lotion with which an affected part is
rubbed.
Embroglio
Em*brogl"io (?), n. See Imbroglio.
Embroider
Em*broid"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embroidered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embroidering.] [OE. embrouden. See Broider.] To ornament with
needlework; as, to embroider a scarf.
Thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen. Ex. xxviii. 39.
Embroiderer
Em*broid"er*er (?), n. One who embroiders.
Embroidery
Em*broid"er*y (?), n.; pl. Embroideries (.
1. Needlework used to enrich textile fabrics, leather, etc.; also, the
art of embroidering.
2. Diversified ornaments, especially by contrasted figures and colors;
variegated decoration.
Fields in spring's embroidery are dressed. Addison.
A mere rhetorical embroidery of phrases. J. A. Symonds.
Embroil
Em*broil" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embroiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embroiling.] [F. embrouiller; pref. em- (L. in) + brouiller. See 1st
Broil, and cf. Imbroglio.]
1. To throw into confusion or commotion by contention or discord; to
entangle in a broil or quarrel; to make confused; to distract; to
involve in difficulties by dissension or strife.
The royal house embroiled in civil war. Dryden.
2. To implicate in confusion; to complicate; to jumble.
The Christian antiquities at Rome . . . are so embroiled with
Addison.
Syn. -- To perplex; entangle; distract; disturb; disorder; trouble;
implicate; commingle.
Embroil
Em*broil", n. See Embroilment.
Embroiler
Em*broil"er (?), n. One who embroils.
Embroilment
Em*broil"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. embrouillement.] The act of embroiling,
or the condition of being embroiled; entanglement in a broil. Bp.
Burnet.
Embronze
Em*bronze" (?), v. t.
1. To embody in bronze; to set up a bronze representation of, as of a
person. [Poetic]
2. To color in imitation of bronze. See Bronze, v. t.
Embrothel
Em*broth"el (?), v. t. To inclose in a brothel. [Obs.] Donne.
Embroude, Embrowde, Embroyde
Em*broud"e (?), Em*browd"e, Em*broyd"e (?), v. t. To embroider; to
adorn. [Obs.]
Embrowded was he, as it were a mead All full of fresshe flowers,
white and red. Chaucer.
Embrown
Em*brown" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + brown.] To give a brown
color to; to imbrown.
Summer suns embrown the laboring swain. Fenton.
Embrue
Em*brue" (?), v. t. See Imbrue, Embrew. [Obs.]
Embrute
Em*brute" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + brute. Cf. Imbrute.] To
brutify; to imbrute.
All the man embruted in the swine. Cawthorn.
Embryo
Em"bry*o (?), n.; pl. Embryos (#). [F. embryon, Gr. in) + brew.]
(Biol.) The first rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant;
as: (a) The young of an animal in the womb, or more specifically,
before its parts are developed and it becomes a fetus (see Fetus). (b)
The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in the seed and which is
developed by germination. In embryo, in an incipient or undeveloped
state; in conception, but not yet executed. "The company little
suspected what a noble work I had then in embryo." Swift.
Embryo
Em"bry*o, a. Pertaining to an embryo; rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an
embryo bud.
Embryogenic
Em`bry*o*gen"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to the development of an
embryo.
Embryogeny
Em`bry*og"e*ny (?), n. [Gr. embryog\'82nie.] (Biol.) The production
and development of an embryo.
Embryogony
Em`bry*og"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The formation of an embryo.
Embryography
Em`bry*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. -graphy.] (Biol.) The general
description of embryos.
Embryologic, Embryological
Em`bry*o*log"ic (?), Em`bry*o*log"ic*al (?), a. (Biol.) Of or
pertaining to embryology.
Embryologist
Em`bry*ol"o*gist (?), n. One skilled in embryology.
Embryology
Em`bry*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy: cf. F. embryologie.] (Biol.) The
science which relates to the formation and development of the embryo
in animals and plants; a study of the gradual development of the ovum
until it reaches the adult stage.
Embryon
Em"bry*on (?), n. & a. [NL.] See Embryo.
Embryonal
Em"bry*o*nal (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to an embryo, or the initial
state of any organ; embryonic.
Embryonary
Em"bry*o*na*ry (?), a. (Biol.) Embryonic.
Embryonate, Embryonated
Em"bry*o*nate (?), Em"bry*o*na`ted (?), a. (Biol.) In the state of, or
having, an embryonal.
Embryonic
Em`bry*on"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to an embryo; embryonal;
rudimentary. Embryonic sac OR vesicle (Bot.), the vesicle within which
the embryo is developed in the ovule; -- sometimes called also amnios
sac, and embryonal sac.
Embryoniferous
Em`bry*o*nif"er*ous (?), a. [Embryo + -ferous.] (Biol.) Having an
embryo.
Embryoniform
Em`bry*on"i*form (?), a. [Embryo + -form.] (Biol.) Like an embryo in
form.
Embryoplastic
Em`bry*o*plas"tic (?), n. [Embryo + plastic.] (Biol.) Relating to, or
aiding in, the formation of an embryo; as, embryoplastic cells.
Embryo sac
Em"bry*o sac` (?). (Bot.) See under Embryonic.
Embryotic
Em`bry*ot"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Embryonic.
Embryotomy
Em`bry*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. embryotomie.] (Med.) The cutting a fetus
into pieces within the womb, so as to effect its removal.
Embryotroph
Em"bry*o*troph` (?), n. [Gr. (Biol.) The material from which an embryo
is formed and nourished.
Embryous
Em"bry*ous (?), a. Embryonic; undeveloped. [R.]
Embulk
Em*bulk" (?), v. t. To enlarge in the way of bulk. [R.] Latham.
Emburse
Em*burse" (?), v. t. [See Imburse.] To furnish with money; to imburse.
[Obs.]
Embush
Em*bush" (?), v. t. [Cf. Ambush, Imbosk.] To place or hide in a
thicket; to ambush. [Obs.] Shelton.
Embushment
Em*bush"ment (?), n. [OE. embusshement, OF. embuschement, F.
emb\'96chement.] An ambush. [Obs.]
Embusy
Em*bus"y (?), v. t. To employ. [Obs.] Skelton.
Eme
Eme (?), n. [See Eame.] An uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.
Emeer
E*meer" (?), n. Same as Emir.
Emenagogue
E*men"a*gogue (?), n. See Emmenagogue.
Emend
E*mend" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emended; p. pr. & vb. n. Emending.]
[L. emendare; e out + menda, mendum, fault, blemish: cf. F.
\'82mender. Cf. Amend, Mend.] To purge of faults; to make better; to
correct; esp., to make corrections in (a literary work); to alter for
the better by textual criticism, generally verbal. Syn. -- To amend;
correct; improve; better; reform; rectify. See Amend.
Emendable
E*mend"a*ble (?), a. [L. emendabilis. Cf. Amendable.] Corrigible;
amendable. [R.] Bailey.
Emendately
Em"en*date*ly (?), adv. Without fault; correctly. [Obs.]
Emendation
Em`en*da"tion (?), n. [L. emendatio: cf. F. \'82mendation.]
1. The act of altering for the better, or correcting what is erroneous
or faulty; correction; improvement. "He lies in his sin without
repentance or emendation." Jer. Taylor.
2. Alteration by editorial criticism, as of a text so as to give a
better reading; removal of errors or corruptions from a document; as,
the book might be improved by judicious emendations.
Emendator
Em"en*da`tor (?), n. [L.] One who emends or critically edits.
Emendatory
E*mend"a*to*ry (?), a. [L. emendatorius.] Pertaining to emendation;
corrective. "Emendatory criticism."" Johnson.
Emender
E*mend"er (?), n. One who emends.
Emendicate
E*men"di*cate (?), v. t. [L. emendicatus, p. p. of emendicare to
obtain by begging. See Mendicate.] To beg. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Emerald
Em"er*ald (?), n. [OE. emeraude, OF. esmeraude, esmeralde, F.
\'82meraude, L. smaragdus, fr. Gr. marakata.]
1. (Min.) A precious stone of a rich green color, a variety of beryl.
See Beryl.
2. (Print.) A kind of type, in size between minion and nonpare
NOTE: \'b5 This line is printed in the type called emerald.
Emerald
Em"er*ald, a. Of a rich green color, like that of the emerald.
"Emerald meadows." Byron. Emerald fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish of the Gulf
of Mexico (Gobionellus oceanicus), remarkable for the brilliant green
and blue color of the base of the tongue; -- whence the name; --
called also esmeralda. -- Emerald green, a very durable pigment, of a
vivid light green color, made from the arseniate of copper; green
bice; Scheele's green; -- also used adjectively; as, emerald green
crystals. -- Emerald Isle, a name given to Ireland on account of the
brightness of its verdure. -- Emerald spodumene, OR Lithia emerald.
(Min.) See Hiddenite. -- Emerald nickel. (Min.) See Zaratite.
Emeraldine
Em"er*ald*ine (?; 104), n. A green compound used as a dyestuff,
produced from aniline blue when acted upon by acid.
Emeraud
Em"er*aud (?), n. [See Emerald, n.] An emerald. [Obs.] Spenser.
Emerge
E*merge" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emerged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emerging (?).] [L. emergere, emersum; e out + mergere to dip, plunge.
See Merge.] To rise out of a fluid; to come forth from that in which
anything has been plunged, enveloped, or concealed; to issue and
appear; as, to emerge from the water or the ocean; the sun emerges
from behind the moon in an eclipse; to emerge from poverty or
obscurity. "Thetis . . . emerging from the deep." Dryden.
Those who have emerged from very low, some from the lowest, classes
of society. Burke.
Emergence
E*mer"gence (?), n.; pl. Emergences (. The act of rising out of a
fluid, or coming forth from envelopment or concealment, or of rising
into view; sudden uprisal or appearance.
The white color of all refracted light, at its very first emergence
. . . is compounded of various colors. Sir I. Newton.
When from the deep thy bright emergence sprung. H. Brooke.
Emergency
E*mer"gen*cy (?), n.; pl. Emergencies (#). [See Emergence.]
1. Sudden or unexpected appearance; an unforeseen occurrence; a sudden
occasion.
Most our rarities have been found out by casual emergency.
Glanvill.
2. An unforeseen occurrence or combination of circumstances which
calls for immediate action or remedy; pressing necessity; exigency.
To whom she might her doubts propose, On all emergencies that rose.
Swift.
A safe counselor in most difficult emergencies. Brougham.
Syn. -- Crisis; conjuncture; exigency; pinch; strait; necessity.
Emergent
E*mer"gent (?), a. [L. emergens, p. pr. of emergere.]
1. Rising or emerging out of a fluid or anything that covers or
conceals; issuing; coming to light.
The mountains huge appear emergent. Milton.
2. Suddenly appearing; arising unexpectedly;
Protection granted in emergent danger. Burke.
Emergent year (Chron.), the epoch or date from which any people begin
to compute their time or dates; as, the emergent year of Christendom
is that of the birth of Christ; the emergent year of the United States
is that of the declaration of their independence. -- E*mer"gent*ly,
adv. -- E*mer"gent*ness, n. [R.]
Emeril
Em"er*il (?), n.
1. Emery. [Obs.] Drayton.
2. A glazier's diamond. Crabb.
Emerited
Em"er*it*ed (?), a. [See Emeritus.] Considered as having done
sufficient public service, and therefore honorably discharged. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
Emeritus
E*mer"i*tus (?), a. [L., having served out his time, p. p. of emerere,
emereri, to obtain by service, serve out one's term; e out + merere,
mereri, to merit, earn, serve.] Honorably discharged from the
performance of public duty on account of age, infirmity, or long and
faithful services; -- said of an officer of a college or pastor of a
church.
Emeritus
E*mer"i*tus, n.; pl. Emeriti (#). [L.] A veteran who has honorably
completed his service.
Emerods, Emeroids
Em"er*ods (?), Em"er*oids (?), n. pl. [OF. emmeroides. See
Hemorrhoids.] Hemorrhoids; piles; tumors; boils. [R.] Deut. xxviii.
27.
Emersed
E*mersed" (?), a. [L. emersus, p. p. See Emerge.] (Bot.) Standing out
of, or rising above, water. Gray.
Emersion
E*mer"sion (?), n. [Cf. F. \'82mersion. See Emerge.]
1. The act of emerging, or of rising out of anything; as, emersion
from the sea; emersion from obscurity or difficulties.
Their immersion into water and their emersion out of the same.
Knatchbull.
2. (Astron.) The reappearance of a heavenly body after an eclipse or
occultation; as, the emersion of the moon from the shadow of the
earth; the emersion of a star from behind the moon.
Emery
Em"er*y (?), n. [F. \'82meri, earlier \'82meril, It. smeriglio, fr.
Gr. smear. Cf. Emeril.] (Min.) Corundum in the form of grains or
powder, used in the arts for grinding and polishing hard substances.
Native emery is mixed with more or less magnetic iron. See the Note
under Corundum. Emery board, cardboard pulp mixed with emery and
molded into convenient. -- Emery cloth OR paper, cloth or paper on
which the powder of emery is spread and glued for scouring and
polishing. -- Emery wheel, a wheel containing emery, or having a
surface of emery. In machine shops, it is sometimes called a buff
wheel, and by the manufacturers of cutlery, a glazer.
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Emesis
Em"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Emetic.] (Med.) A vomiting.
Emetic
E*met"ic (?), a. [L. emeticus, Gr. vomere: cf. F. \'82m\'82tique. See
Vomit.] (Med.) Inducing to vomit; exciting the stomach to discharge
its contents by the mouth. -- n. A medicine which causes vomiting.
Emetical
E*met"ic*al (?), a. Inducing to vomit; producing vomiting; emetic. --
E*met"ic*al*ly, adv.
Emetine
Em"e*tine (?; 104), n. [See Emetic.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
bitter alkaloid extracted from ipecacuanha root, and regarded as its
peculiar emetic principle.
Emeto-cathartic
Em`e*to-ca*thar"tic (?), a. [Gr. cathartic.] (Med.) Producing vomiting
and purging at the same time.
Emeu, OR Emew
E"meu, OR E"mew (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) See Emu.
(?), n. [F.] A seditious tumult; an outbreak.
Emforth
Em*forth" (?), prep. [AS. em-, emn-, in comp. equiv. to efen equal +
for forth.] According to; conformably to. [Obs.] Chaucer. Emforth my
might, so far as lies in my power. [Obs.]
Emgalla
Em*gal"la (?), n. (Zo\'94l.) [Native name.] The South African wart
hog. See Wart hog.
Emicant
Em"i*cant (?), a. [L. emicans, p. pr. of emicare. See Emication.]
Beaming forth; flashing. [R.]
Which emicant did this and that way dart. Blackmore.
Emication
Em`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L. emicatio, fr. emicare to spring out or forth;
e. out + micare to move quickly to and fro, to sparkle.] A flying off
in small particles, as heated iron or fermenting liquors; a sparkling;
scintillation. Sir T. Browne.
Emiction
E*mic"tion (?), n. [L. e out + mingere, mictum, to make water.]
1. The voiding of urine.
2. What is voided by the urinary passages; urine.
Emictory
E*mic"to*ry (?), a. & n. (Med.) Diuretic.
Emigrant
Em"i*grant (?), a. [L. emigrans, -antis, p. pr. of emigrare to
emigrate: cf. F. \'82migrant. See Emigrate, v. i.]
1. Removing from one country to another; emigrating; as, an emigrant
company or nation.
2. Pertaining to an emigrant; used for emigrants; as, an emigrant ship
or hospital.
Emigrant
Em"i*grant, n. One who emigrates, or quits one country or region to
settle in another. Syn. -- Emigrant, Immigrant. Emigrant and
emigration have reference to the country from which the migration is
made; the correlative words immigrant and immigration have reference
to the country into which the migration is made, the former marking
the going out from a country, the latter the coming into it.
Emigrate
Em"i*grate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emigrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emigrating.] [L. emigratus, p. p. of emigrare to remove, emigrate; e
out + migrare to migrate. See Migrate.] To remove from one country or
State to another, for the purpose of residence; to migrate from home.
Forced to emigrate in a body to America. Macaulay.
They [the Huns] were emigrating from Tartary into Europe in the
time of the Goths. J. H. Newman.
Emigrate
Em"i*grate (?), a. Migratory; roving. [Obs.]
Emigration
Em`i*gra"tion (?), n. [L. emigratio: cf. F. \'82migration.]
1. The act of emigrating; removal from one country or state to
another, for the purpose of residence, as from Europe to America, or,
in America, from the Atlantic States to the Western.
2. A body emigrants; emigrants collectively; as, the German
emigration.
Emigrational
Em`i*gra"tion*al (?), a. Relating to emigration.
Emigrationist
Em`i*gra"tion*ist, n. An advocate or promoter of emigration.
Emigrator
Em"i*gra`tor (?), n. One who emigrates; am emigrant. [R.]
(?), n. [F., emigrant.] One of the natives of France who were opposed to the
first Revolution, and who left their country in consequence.
Eminence
Em"i*nence (?), n. [L. eminentia, fr. eminens eminent: cf. F.
\'82minence.]
1. That which is eminent or lofty; a high ground or place; a height.
Without either eminences or cavities. Dryden.
The temple of honor ought to be seated on an eminence. Burke.
2. An elevated condition among men; a place or station above men in
general, either in rank, office, or celebrity; social or moral
loftiness; high rank; distinction; preferment. Milton.
You 've too a woman's heart, which ever yet Affected eminence,
wealth, sovereignty. Shak.
3. A title of honor, especially applied to a cardinal in the Roman
Catholic Church.
Eminency
Em"i*nen*cy (?), n.; pl Eminences (. State of being eminent; eminence.
"Eminency of estate." Tillotson.
Eminent
Em"i*nent (?), a. [L. eminens, -entis, p. pr. of eminere to stand out,
be prominent; e out + minere (in comp.) to project; of uncertain
origin: cf. F. \'82minent. Cf. Menace.]
1. High; lofty; towering; prominent. "A very eminent promontory."
Evelyn
2. Being, metaphorically, above others, whether by birth, high
station, merit, or virtue; high in public estimation; distinguished;
conspicuous; as, an eminent station; an eminent historian, statements,
statesman, or saint. <-- by distinctive accomplishment -->
Right of eminent domain. (Law) See under Domain. Syn. -- Lofty;
elevated; exalted; conspicuous; prominent; remarkable; distinguished;
illustrious; famous; celebrated; renowned; well-known. See
Distinguished.
Eminently
Em"i*nent*ly, adv. In an eminent manner; in a high degree;
conspicuously; as, to be eminently learned.
Emir, Emeer
E"mir (?), E*meer" (?), n. [Ar. em\'c6r, am\'c6r, commander: cf. F.
\'82mir. Cf. Admiral, Ameer.] An Arabian military commander,
independent chieftain, or ruler of a province; also, an honorary title
given to the descendants of Mohammed, in the line of his daughter
Fatima; among the Turks, likewise, a title of dignity, given to
certain high officials.
Emirship, Emeership
E`mir*ship, E*meer"ship, n. The rank or office of an Emir.
Emissary
Em"is*sa*ry (?), n.; pl. Emissaries (#). [L. emissarius, fr. emittere,
emissum, to send out: cf. F. \'82missaire. See Emit.] An agent
employed to advance, in a covert manner, the interests of his
employers; one sent out by any power that is at war with another, to
create dissatisfaction among the people of the latter.
Buzzing emissaries fill the ears Of listening crowds with
jealousies and fears. Dryden.
Syn. -- Emissary, Spy. A spy is one who enters an enemy's camp or
territories to learn the condition of the enemy; an emissary may be a
secret agent appointed not only to detect the schemes of an opposing
party, but to influence their councils. A spy must be concealed, or he
suffers death; an emissary may in some cases be known as the agent of
an adversary without incurring similar hazard.
Emissary
Em"is*sa*ry, a.
1. Exploring; spying. B. Jonson.
2. (Anat.) Applied to the veins which pass out of the cranium through
apertures in its walls.
Emissaryship
Em"is*sa*ry*ship`, n. The office of an emissary.
Emission
E*mis"sion (?), n. [L. emissio: cf. F. \'82mission. See Emit.]
1. The act of sending or throwing out; the act of sending forth or
putting into circulation; issue; as, the emission of light from the
sun; the emission of heat from a fire; the emission of bank notes. <--
now, we issue bank notes. -->
2. That which is sent out, issued, or put in circulation at one time;
issue; as, the emission was mostly blood.
Emission theory (Physics), the theory of Newton, regarding light as
consisting of emitted particles or corpuscles. See Corpuscular theory,
under Corpuscular.
Emissitious
Em`is*si"tious (?), a. [L. emissitius, fr. emittere.] Looking, or
narrowly examining; prying. [Obs.] "Those emissitious eyes." Bp. Hall.
Emissive
E*mis"sive (?), a. Sending out; emitting; as, emissive powers.
Emissivity
Em`is*siv"i*ty (?), n. Tendency to emission; comparative facility of
emission, or rate at which emission takes place, as of heat from the
surface of a heated body.
Emissory
E*mis"so*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Same as Emissary, a., 2.
Emit
E*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emitting.] [L. emittere to send out; e out + mittere to send. See
Mission.]
1. To send forth; to throw or give out; to cause to issue; to give
vent to; to eject; to discharge; as, fire emits heat and smoke;
boiling water emits steam; the sun emits light.
Lest, wrathful, the far-shooting god emit His fatal arrows. Prior.
2. To issue forth, as an order or decree; to print and send into
circulation, as notes or bills of credit.
No State shall . . . emit bills of credit. Const. of the U. S.
Emittent
E*mit"tent (?), a. [L. emittens, p. pr. emittere.] Sending forth;
emissive. Boyle.
Emmantle
Em*man"tle (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + mantle: cf. F. emmanteler.
Cf. Inmantle.] To cover over with, or as with, a mantle; to put about
as a protection. [Obs.] Holland.
Emmanuel
Em*man"u*el (?), n. See Immanuel. Matt. i. 23.
Emmarble
Em*mar"ble (?), v. t. To turn to marble; to harden. [Obs.]
Thou dost emmarble the proud heart. Spenser.
Emmenagogue
Em*men"a*gogue (?), n. [Gr. n. pl., menses (emm\'82nagogue.] (Med.) A
medicine that promotes the menstrual discharge.
Emmet
Em"met (?), n. [OE. emete, amete, AS. \'91mete. See Ant.] (Zo\'94l.)
An ant. Emmet hunter (Zo\'94l.), the wryneck.
Emmetropia
Em`me*tro"pi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) That refractive condition
of the eye in which the rays of light are all brought accurately and
without undue effort to a focus upon the retina; -- opposed to
hypermetropia, myopia, an astigmatism.
Emmetropic
Em`me*trop"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, emmetropia.
The normal or emmetropic eye adjusts itself perfectly for all
distances. J. Le Conte.
Emmetropy
Em*met"ro*py (?), n. (Med.) Same as Emmetropia.
Emmew
Em*mew" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + mew. Cf. Immew.] To mew or
coop up. [Obs.] Shak.
Emmove
Em*move" (?), v. t. [For emove: cf. F. \'82mouvoir, L. emovere. See
Emotion.] To move; to rouse; to excite. [Obs.]
Emodin
Em"o*din (?), n. (Chem.) An orange-red crystalline substance,
C15H10O5, obtained from the buckthorn, rhubarb, etc., and regarded as
a derivative of anthraquinone; -- so called from a species of rhubarb
(Rheum emodei).
Emollescence
Em`ol*les"cence (?), n. [L. e out + mollescere, incho. fr. mollere to
be soft, mollis soft.] That degree of softness in a body beginning to
melt which alters its shape; the first or lowest degree of fusibility.
Emolliate
E*mol"li*ate (?; 106), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emolliated (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Emolliating.] [See Emollient, a.] To soften; to render
effeminate.
Emolliated by four centuries of Roman domination, the Belgic
colonies had forgotten their pristine valor. Pinkerton.
Emollient
E*mol"lient (?; 106), a. [L. emolliens, -entis, p. pr. of emollire to
soften; e out + mollire to soften, mollis soft: cf. F. \'82mollient.
See Mollify.] Softening; making supple; acting as an emollient.
"Emollient applications." Arbuthnot.
Emollient
E*mol"lient (?; 105), n. (Med.) An external something or soothing
application to allay irritation, soreness, etc.
Emollition
Em`ol*li"tion (?), n. The act of softening or relaxing; relaxation.
Bacon.
Emolument
E*mol"u*ment (?), n. [L. emolumentum, lit., a working out, fr. emoliri
to move out, work out; e out + moliri to set in motion, exert one's
self, fr. moles a huge, heavy mass: cf. F. \'82molument. See Mole a
mound.] The profit arising from office, employment, or labor; gain;
compensation; advantage; perquisites, fees, or salary.
A long . . . enjoyment of the emoluments of office. Bancroft.
Emolumental
E*mol`u*men"tal (?), a. Pertaining to an emolument; profitable. [R.]
Evelyn.
Emong, Emongst
E*mong" (?), E*mongst" (?), (prep. Among. [Obs.]
Emotion
E*mo"tion (?), n. [L. emovere, emotum, to remove, shake, stir up; e
out + movere to move: cf. F. \'82motion. See Move, and cf. Emmove.] A
moving of the mind or soul; excitement of the feelings, whether
pleasing or painful; disturbance or agitation of mind caused by a
specific exciting cause and manifested by some sensible effect on the
body.
How different the emotions between departure and return! W. Irving.
Some vague emotion of delight. Tennyson.
Syn. -- Feeling; agitation; tremor; trepidation; perturbation;
passion; excitement. -- Emotion, Feeling, Agitation. Feeling is the
weaker term, and may be of the body or the mind. Emotion is of the
mind alone, being the excited action of some inward susceptibility or
feeling; as, an emotion of pity, terror, etc. Agitation may the bodily
or mental, and usually arises in the latter case from a vehement
struggle between contending desires or emotions. See Passion.
"Agitations have but one character, viz., that of violence; emotions
vary with the objects that awaken them. There are emotions either of
tenderness or anger, either gentle or strong, either painful or
pleasing." Crabb.
Emotioned
E*mo"tioned (?), a. Affected with emotion. [R.] "The emotioned soul."
Sir W. Scott.
Emotional
E*mo"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, emotion;
excitable; easily moved; sensational; as, an emotional nature.
Emotionalism
E*mo"tion*al*ism (?), n. The cultivation of an emotional state of
mind; tendency to regard things in an emotional manner.
Emotionalize
E*mo"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To give an emotional character to.
Brought up in a pious family where religion was not talked about
emotionalized, but was accepted as the rule of thought and conduct.
Froude.
Emotive
E*mo"tive (?), a. Attended by, or having the character of, emotion. H.
Brooke. -- E*mo"tive*ly, adv.
Emotiveness
E*mo"tive*ness, n. Susceptibility to emotion. G. Eliot.
Emotivity
E`mo*tiv"i*ty (?), n. Emotiveness. Hickok.
Emove
E*move" (?), v. t. To move. [Obs.] Thomson.
Empair
Em*pair" (?), v. t. To impair. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empaistic
Em*pais"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Fine Arts) Having to do with inlaid work; --
especially used with reference to work of the ancient Greeks.
Empale
Em*pale" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + pale: cf. OF. empalir.] To
make pale. [Obs.]
No bloodless malady empales their face. G. Fletcher.
Empale
Em*pale", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Empaling.]
[OF. empaler to palisade, pierce, F. empaler to punish by empalement;
pref. em- (L. in) + OF. & F. pal a pale, stake. See Pale a stake, and
cf. Impale.] >[Written also impale.]
1. To fence or fortify with stakes; to surround with a line of stakes
for defense; to impale.
All that dwell near enemies empale villages, to save themselves
from surprise. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. To inclose; to surround. See Impale.
3. To put to death by thrusting a sharpened stake through the body.
4. (Her.) Same as Impale.
Empalement
Em*pale"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. empalement, fr. empaler. See Empale.]
>[Written also impalement.]
1. A fencing, inclosing, or fortifying with stakes.
2. A putting to death by thrusting a sharpened stake through the body.
3. (Her.) Same as Impalement.
Empanel
Em*pan"el (?), n. [Pref. em- (L. in) + panel.] (Law) A list of jurors;
a panel. [Obs.] Cowell.
Empanel
Em*pan"el, v. t. See Impanel.
Empanoplied
Em*pan"o*plied (?), a. [Pref. em- + panoply.] Completely armed;
panoplied. Tennyson.
Emparadise
Em*par"a*dise (?), v. t. Same as Imparadise.
Empark
Em*park" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + park: cf. OF. emparchier, emparkier.
Cf. Impark.] To make a park of; to inclose, as with a fence; to
impark. [Obs.]
Emparlance
Em*par"lance (?), n. Parley; imparlance. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empasm
Em*pasm" (?), n. [F. empasme, fr. Gr. A perfumed powder sprinkled upon
the body to mask the odor of sweat.
Empassion
Em*pas"sion (?), v. t. To move with passion; to affect strongly. See
Impassion. [Obs.]
Those sights empassion me full near. Spenser.
Empassionate
Em*pas"sion*ate (?), a. Strongly affected. [Obs.]
The Briton Prince was sore empassionate. Spenser.
Empawn
Em*pawn" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + pawn. Cf. Impawn.] To put in pawn; to
pledge; to impawn.
To sell, empawn, and alienate the estates. Milman.
Empeach
Em*peach" (?), v. t. To hinder. See Impeach. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empearl
Em*pearl" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + pearl. Cf. Impearl.] To form like
pearls; to decorate with, or as with, pearls; to impearl.
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Page 486
Empeople
Em*peo"ple (?), v. t. To form into a people or community; to inhabit;
to people. [Obs.]
We now know 't is very well empeopled. Sir T. Browne.
Emperess
Em"per*ess (?), n. See Empress. [Obs.]
Emperice
Em"per*ice (?), n. An empress. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Emperil
Em*per"il (?), v. t. To put in peril. See Imperil. Spenser.
Emperished
Em*per"ished (?), a. Perished; decayed. [Obs.]
I deem thy brain emperished be. Spenser.
Emperor
Em"per*or (?), n. [OF. empereor, empereour, F. empereur, L. imperator,
fr. imperare to command; in in + parare to prepare, order. See Parade,
and cf. Imperative, Empress.] The sovereign or supreme monarch of an
empire; -- a title of dignity superior to that of king; as, the
emperor of Germany or of Austria; the emperor or Czar of Russia.
Emperor goose (Zo\'94l.), a large and handsome goose (Philacte
canagica), found in Alaska. -- Emperor moth (Zo\'94l.), one of several
large and beautiful bombycid moths, with transparent spots on the
wings; as the American Cecropia moth (Platysamia cecropia), and the
European species (Saturnia pavonia). -- Emperor paper. See under
Paper. -- Purple emperor (Zo\'94l.), a large, strong British butterfly
(Apatura iris).
Emperorship
Em"per*or*ship, n. The rank or office of an emperor.
Empery
Em"per*y (?), n. [L. imperium, influenced by OF. emperie, empire. See
Empire.] Empire; sovereignty; dominion. [Archaic] Shak.
Struggling for my woman's empery. Mrs. Browning.
Emphasis
Em"pha*sis (?), n.; pl. Emphases (#). [L., fr. Gr. In, and Phase.]
1. (Rhet.) A particular stress of utterance, or force of voice, given
in reading and speaking to one or more words whose signification the
speaker intends to impress specially upon his audience.
The province of emphasis is so much more important than accent,
that the customary seat of the latter is changed, when the claims
of emphasis require it. E. Porter.
2. A peculiar impressiveness of expression or weight of thought; vivid
representation, enforcing assent; as, to dwell on a subject with great
emphasis.
External objects stand before us . . . in all the life and emphasis
of extension, figure, and color. Sir W. Hamilton.
Emphasize
Em"pha*size (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emphasized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emphasizing (?).] To utter or pronounce with a particular stress of
voice; to make emphatic; as, to emphasize a word or a phrase.
Emphatic, Emphatical
Em*phat"ic (?), Em*phat"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. emphatique. See Emphasis.]
1. Uttered with emphasis; made prominent and impressive by a peculiar
stress of voice; laying stress; deserving of stress or emphasis;
forcible; impressive; strong; as, to remonstrate in am emphatic
manner; an emphatic word; an emphatic tone; emphatic reasoning.
2. Striking the sense; attracting special attention; impressive;
forcible. "Emphatical colors." Boyle. "Emphatical evils." Bp.
Reynolds. Syn. -- Forcible; earnest; impressive; energetic; striking;
positive; important; special; significant.
Emphatically
Em*phat"ic*al*ly, adv.
1. With emphasis; forcibly; in a striking manner or degree;
pre\'89minently.
He was indeed emphatically a popular writer. Macaulay.
2. Not really, but apparently. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Emphaticalness
Em*phat"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of being emphatic; emphasis.
Emphractic
Em*phrac"tic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Having the quality of closing the
pores of the skin.
Emphrensy
Em*phren"sy (?), v. t. To madden. [Obs.]
Emphysema
Em`phy*se"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. emphys\'8ame.] (Med.) A swelling
produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue. Emphysema of
the lungs, Pulmonary emphysema (Med.), a common disease of the lungs
in which the air cells are distended and their partition walls
ruptured by an abnormal pressure of the air contained in them.
Emphysematous
Em`phy*sem"a*tous (?), a. [Cf. F. emphys\'82mateux.] (Med.) Pertaining
to, or of the nature of, emphysema; swelled; bloated.
Emphyteusis
Em`phy*teu"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Rom. Law) A real right,
susceptible of assignment and of descent, charged on productive real
estate, the right being coupled with the enjoyment of the property on
condition of taking care of the estate and paying taxes, and sometimes
a small rent. Heumann.
Emphyteutic
Em`phy*teu"tic (?), a. [L. emphyteuticus.] Of or pertaining to an
emphyteusis; as, emphyteutic lands.
Emphyteuticary
Em`phy*teu"ti*ca*ry (?), n. [L. emphyteuticarius, a.] One who holds
lands by emphyteusis.
Empierce
Em*pierce" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + pierce. Cf. Impierce.] To pierce;
to impierce. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empight
Em*pight" (?), a. [Pref. em- + pight pitched, fixed.] Fixed; settled;
fastened. [Obs.] Spenser.
Empire
Em"pire (?), n. [F., fr. L. imperium a command, sovereignty, dominion,
empire, fr. imperare. See Emperor; cf. Imperial.]
1. Supreme power; sovereignty; sway; dominion. "The empire of the
sea." Shak.
Over hell extend His empire, and with iron scepter rule. Milton.
2. The dominion of an emperor; the territory or countries under the
jurisdiction and dominion of an emperor (rarely of a king), usually of
greater extent than a kingdom, always comprising a variety in the
nationality of, or the forms of administration in, constituent and
subordinate portions; as, the Austrian empire.
Empire carries with it the idea of a vast and complicated
government. C. J. Smith.
3. Any dominion; supreme control; governing influence; rule; sway; as,
the empire of mind or of reason. "Under the empire of facts." M.
Arnold.
Another force which, in the Middle Ages, shared with chivalry the
empire over the minds of men. A. W. Ward.
Celestial empire. See under Celestial. -- Empire City, a common
designation of the city of New York. -- Empire State, a common
designation of the State of New York. Syn. -- Sway; dominion; rule;
control; reign; sovereignty; government; kingdom; realm; state.
Empiric
Em*pir"ic (?; 277), n. [L. empiricus an empiric, Gr. fare: cf. F.
empirique. See In, and Fare.]
1. One who follows an empirical method; one who relies upon practical
experience.
2. One who confines himself to applying the results of mere experience
or his own observation; especially, in medicine, one who deviates from
the rules of science and regular practice; an ignorant and unlicensed
pretender; a quack; a charlatan.
Among the Greek physicians, those who founded their practice on
experience called themselves empirics. Krauth-Fleming.
Swallow down opinions as silly people do empirics' pills. Locke.
Empiric, Empirical
Em*pir"ic (?), Em*pir"ic*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to, or founded upon, experiment or experience; depending
upon the observation of phenomena; versed in experiments.
In philosophical language, the term empirical means simply what
belongs to or is the product of experience or observation. Sir W.
Hamilton.
The village carpenter . . . lays out his work by empirical rules
learnt in his apprenticeship. H. Spencer.
2. Depending upon experience or observation alone, without due regard
to science and theory; -- said especially of medical practice,
remedies, etc.; wanting in science and deep insight; as, empiric
skill, remedies.
Empirical formula. (Chem.) See under Formula. Syn. -- See
Transcendental.
Empirically
Em*pir"ic*al*ly, adv. By experiment or experience; without science; in
the manner of quacks.
Empiricism
Em*pir"i*cism (?), n.
1. The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of knowledge by
observation and experiment.
2. Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on mere experience,
without the aid of science or a knowledge of principles; ignorant and
unscientific practice; charlatanry; quackery.
3. (Metaph.) The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of
all our knowledge to experience.
Empiricist
Em*pir"i*cist (?), n. An empiric.
Empiristic
Em`pi*ris"tic (?), a. (Physics) Relating to, or resulting from,
experience, or experiment; following from empirical methods or data;
-- opposed to nativistic.
Emplaster
Em*plas"ter (?), n. [OF. emplastre, F. empl\'83tre, L. emplastrum a
plaster or salve, fr. Gr. See Plaster. [Obs.] Wiseman.
Emplaster
Em*plas"ter, v. t. [Cf. OF. emplastrer, F. empl\'83trer. See
Emplaster, n.] To plaster over; to cover over so as to present a good
appearance. [Obs.] "Fair as ye his name emplaster." Chaucer.
Emplastic
Em*plas"tic (?), a. [Cf. F. emplastique, fr. Gr. Emplaster.] Fit to be
applied as a plaster; glutinous; adhesive; as, emplastic applications.
Emplastic
Em*plas"tic, n. A medicine causing constipation.
Emplastration
Em`plas*tra"tion (?), n. [L. emplastratio a budding.]
1. The act or process of grafting by inoculation; budding. [Obs.]
Holland.
2. [See 1st Emplaster.] (Med.) The application of a plaster or salve.
Emplead
Em*plead" (?), v. t. [Pref. em- (L. in) + plead: cf. F. emplaidier.
Cf. Implead.] To accuse; to indict. See Implead.
Emplection
Em*plec"tion (?), n. See Emplecton.
Emplecton
Em*plec"ton (?), n. [F. or L. emplecton, fr. Gr. A kind of masonry in
which the outer faces of the wall are ashlar, the space between being
filled with broken stone and mortar. Cross layers of stone are
interlaid as binders. [R.] Weale.
Emplore
Em*plore" (?), v. t. See Implore. [Obs.]
Employ
Em*ploy" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Employed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Employing.] [F. employer, fr. L. implicare to fold into, infold,
involve, implicate, engage; in + plicare to fold. See Ply, and cf.
Imply, Implicate.]
1. To inclose; to infold. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To use; to have in service; to cause to be engaged in doing
something; -- often followed by in, about, on, or upon, and sometimes
by to; as: (a) To make use of, as an instrument, a means, a material,
etc., for a specific purpose; to apply; as, to employ the pen in
writing, bricks in building, words and phrases in speaking; to employ
the mind; to employ one's energies.
This is a day in which the thoughts . . . ought to be employed on
serious subjects. Addison.
(b) To occupy; as, to employ time in study. (c) To have or keep at
work; to give employment or occupation to; to intrust with some duty
or behest; as, to employ a hundred workmen; to employ an envoy.
Jonathan . . . and Jahaziah . . . were employed about this matter.
Ezra x. 15.
Thy vineyard must employ the sturdy steer To turn the glebe.
Dryden.
To employ one's self, to apply or devote one's time and attention; to
busy one's self. Syn. -- To use; busy; apply; exercise; occupy;
engross; engage. See Use.
Employ
Em*ploy", n. [Cf. F. emploi.] That which engages or occupies a person;
fixed or regular service or business; employment.
The whole employ of body and of mind. Pope.
In one's employ, in one's service.
Employable
Em*ploy"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. employable.] Capable of being employed;
capable of being used; fit or proper for use. Boyle.
Employ\'82
Em`ploy`\'82" (?), n. [F., p. p. of employer.] One employed by
another; a clerk or workman in the service of an employer.
Employee
Em`ploy*ee" (?), n. [The Eng. form of employ\'82.] One employed by
another.
Employer
Em*ploy"er (?), n. One who employs another; as, an employer of
workmen.
Employment
Em*ploy"ment (?), n.
1. The act of employing or using; also, the state of being employed.
2. That which engages or occupies; that which consumes time or
attention; office or post of business; service; as, agricultural
employments; mechanical employments; public employments; in the
employment of government.
Cares are employments, and without employ The soul is on a rack.
Young.
Syn. -- Work; business; occupation; vocation; calling; office;
service; commission; trade; profession.
Emplumed
Em*plumed" (?), a. Plumed. [R.]
Emplunge
Em*plunge" (?), v. t. [Cf. Implunge.] To plunge; to implunge. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Empoison
Em*poi"son (?), v. t. [F. empoisonner; pref. em- + F. poison. See
Poison, and cf. Impoison.] To poison; to impoison. Shak.
Empoison
Em*poi"son, n. Poison. [Obs.] Remedy of Love.
Empoisoner
Em*poi"son*er (?), n. Poisoner. [Obs.] Bacon.
Empoisonment
Em*poi"son*ment (?), n. [F. empoisonnement.] The act of poisoning.
Bacon.
Emporetic, Emporetical
Em`po*ret"ic (?), Em`po*ret"ic*al (?), a. [L. emporeticus, Gr.
Emporium.] Pertaining to an emporium; relating to merchandise. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Emporium
Em*po"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Emporiums (#), L. Emporia (#). [L., fr. Gr.
In, and Empiric, Fare.]
1. A place of trade; a market place; a mart; esp., a city or town with
extensive commerce; the commercial center of a country.
That wonderful emporium [Manchester] . . . was then a mean and
ill-built market town. Macaulay.
It is pride . . . which fills our streets, our emporiums, our
theathers. Knox.
2. (Physiol.) The brain. [Obs.]
Empoverish
Em*pov"er*ish (?), v. t. See Impoverish.
Empower
Em*pow"er (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empowered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Empowering.]
1. To give authority to; to delegate power to; to commission; to
authorize (having commonly a legal force); as, the Supreme Court is
empowered to try and decide cases, civil or criminal; the attorney is
empowered to sign an acquittance, and discharge the debtor.
2. To give moral or physical power, faculties, or abilities to. "These
eyes . . . empowered to gaze." Keble.
Empress
Em"press (?), n. [OE. empress, emperice, OF. empereis, empereris, fr.
L. imperatrix, fem. of imperator. See Emperor.]
1. The consort of an emperor. Shak.
2. A female sovereign.
3. A sovereign mistress. "Empress of my soul." Shak.
Empress cloth, a cloth for ladies' dresses, either wholly of wool, or
with cotton warp and wool weft. It resembles merino, but is not
twilled.
Emprint
Em*print" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Imprint.
Emprise
Em*prise" (?), n. [OF. emprise, fr. emprendre to undertake; pref. em-
(L. in) + F. prendre to take, L. prehendere, prendere; prae before + a
verb akin to E. get. See Get, and cf. Enterprise, Impresa.] [Archaic]
1. An enterprise; endeavor; adventure. Chaucer.
In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise. Spenser.
The deeds of love and high emprise. Longfellow.
2. The qualifies which prompt one to undertake difficult and dangerous
exploits.
I love thy courage yet and bolt emprise; But here thy sword can do
thee little stead. Milton.
Emprise
Em*prise", v. t. To undertake. [Obs.] Sackville.
Emprising
Em*pris"ing (?), a. [From Emprise, v. t.] Full of daring; adventurous.
[Archaic] T. Campbell.
Emprison
Em*pris"on (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Imprison.
Emprosthotonos
Em`pros*thot"o*nos (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A drawing of the body
forward, in consequence of the spasmodic action of some of the
muscles. Gross.
Empte
Emp"te (?), v. t. To empty. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Emptier
Emp"ti*er (?; 215), n. One who, or that which, empties.
Emptier
Emp"ti*er, compar. of Empty.
Emptiness
Emp"ti*ness, n. [From Empty.]
1. The state of being empty; absence of contents; void space; vacuum;
as, the emptiness of a vessel; emptiness of the stomach.
2. Want of solidity or substance; unsatisfactoriness; inability to
satisfy desire; vacuity; hollowness; the emptiness of earthly glory.
3. Want of knowledge; lack of sense; vacuity of mind.
Eternal smiles his emptiness betray. Pope.
The sins of emptiness, gossip, and spite. Tennyson.
Emption
Emp"tion (?), n. [L. emptio, fr. emere to buy.] The act of buying.
[R.] Arbuthnot.
Emptional
Emp"tion*al (?), a. Capable of being purchased.
Empty
Emp"ty (?; 215), a. [Compar. Emptier (?); superl. Emptiest.] [AS.
emtig, \'91mtig, \'91metig, fr. \'91mta, \'91metta, quiet, leisure,
rest; of uncertain origin; cf. G. emsig busy.]
1. Containing nothing; not holding or having anything within; void of
contents or appropriate contents; not filled; -- said of an inclosure,
as a box, room, house, etc.; as, an empty chest, room, purse, or
pitcher; an empty stomach; empty shackles.
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2. Free; clear; devoid; -- often with of. "That fair female troop . .
. empty of all good." Milton.
I shall find you empty of that fault. Shak.
3. Having nothing to carry; unburdened. "An empty messenger." Shak.
When ye go ye shall not go empty. Ex. iii. 21.
4. Destitute of effect, sincerity, or sense; -- said of language; as,
empty words, or threats.
Words are but empty thanks. Cibber.
5. Unable to satisfy; unsatisfactory; hollow; vain; -- said of
pleasure, the world, etc.
Pleas'd in the silent shade with empty praise. Pope.
6. Producing nothing; unfruitful; -- said of a plant or tree; as, an
empty vine.
Seven empty ears blasted with the east wind. Gen. xli. 27.
7. Destitute of, or lacking, sense, knowledge, or courtesy; as, empty
brains; an empty coxcomb.
That in civility thou seem'st so empty. Shak.
8. Destitute of reality, or real existence; unsubstantial; as, empty
dreams.
NOTE: &hand; Em pty is used as the first element in a compound; as,
empty-handed, having nothing in the hands, destitute; empty-headed,
having few ideas; empty-hearted, destitute of feeling.
Syn. -- See Vacant.
Empty
Emp"ty (?), n.; pl. Empties (. An empty box, crate, cask, etc.; --
used in commerce, esp. in transportation of freight; as, "special
rates for empties."
Empty
Emp"ty, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emptied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emptying.] To
deprive of the contents; to exhaust; to make void or destitute; to
make vacant; to pour out; to discharge; as, to empty a vessel; to
empty a well or a cistern.
The clouds . . . empty themselves upon the earth. Eccl. xi. 3.
Empty
Emp"ty, v. i.
1. To discharge itself; as, a river empties into the ocean.
2. To become empty. "The chapel empties." B. Jonson.
Emptying
Emp"ty*ing, n.
1. The act of making empty. Shak.
2. pl. The lees of beer, cider, etc.; yeast. [U.S.]
Empugn
Em*pugn" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See Impugn.
Empurple
Em*pur"ple (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empurpled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Empurpling (?).] [Pref. em- + purple. Cf. Impurple.] To tinge or dye
of a purple color; to color with purple; to impurple. "The deep
empurpled ran." Philips.
Empuse
Em*puse" (?), n. [LL. empusa, Gr. A phantom or specter. [Obs.] Jer.
Taylor.
Empuzzle
Em*puz"zle (?), v. t. [Pref. em- + puzzle.] To puzzle. [Archaic] Sir
T. Browne.
Empyema
Em`py*e"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) A collection of blood, pus, or
other fluid, in some cavity of the body, especially that of the
pleura. Dunglison.
NOTE: &hand; Th e term empyema is now restricted to a collection of
pus in the cavity of the pleura.
Empyesis
Em`py*e"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) An eruption of pustules.
Empyreal
Em*pyr"e*al (?), a. [L. empyrius, empyreus, fiery, Gr. In, and Fire.]
Formed of pure fire or light; refined beyond a\'89rial substance;
pertaining to the highest and purest region of heaven.
Go, soar with Plato to the empyreal sphere. Pope.
Empyreal air, oxygen gas.
Empyreal
Em*pyr"e*al, n. Empyrean. Mrs. Browning.
Empyrean
Em`py*re"an (?; 277), n. [See Empyreal.] The highest heaven, where the
pure element of fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist.
The empyrean rung With hallelujahs. Milton.
Empyrean
Em`py*re"an, a. Empyreal. Akenside.
Empyreuma
Em`py*reu"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. empyreume. See Empyreal.] (Chem.)
The peculiar smell and taste arising from products of decomposition of
animal or vegetable substances when burnt in close vessels.
Empyreumatic, Empyreumatical
Em`py*reu*mat"ic (?), Em`py*reu*mat"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
empyreumatique.] Of or pertaining to empyreuma; as, an empyreumatic
odor. Empyreumatic oils, oils obtained by distilling various organic
substances at high temperatures. Brande & C.
Empyreumatize
Em`py*reu"ma*tize (?), v. t. To render empyreumatic. [R.]
Empyrical
Em*pyr"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. Empyreal.] Containing the combustible
principle of coal. Kirwan.
Empyrosis
Em"py*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. A general fire; a conflagration.
[Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
Emrods
Em"rods (?), n. pl. See Emerods. [Obs.]
Emu
E"mu (?), n. [Cf. Pg. ema ostrich, F. \'82mou, \'82meu, emu.]
(Zo\'94l.) A large Australian bird, of two species (Dromaius
Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91 and D. irroratus), related to the cassowary and
the ostrich. The emu runs swiftly, but is unable to fly. [Written also
emeu and emew.]
NOTE: &hand; Th e na me is so metimes er roneously applied, by the
Brazilians, to the rhea, or South American ostrich.
Emu wren. See in the Vocabulary.
Emulable
Em"u*la*ble (?), a. [L. aemulari to emulate + -able.] Capable of being
emulated. [R.]
Some imitable and emulable good. Abp. Leighton.
Emulate
Em"u*late (?), a. [L. aemulatus, p. p. of aemulari, fr. aemulus
emulous; prob. akin to E. imitate.] Striving to excel; ambitious;
emulous. [Obs.] "A most emulate pride." Shak.
Emulate
Em"u*late (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emulated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emulating (?).] To strive to equal or to excel in qualities or
actions; to imitate, with a view to equal or to outdo, to vie with; to
rival; as, to emulate the good and the great.
Thine eye would emulate the diamond. Shak.
Emulation
Em`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. aemulatio: cf. F. \'82mulation.]
1. The endeavor to equal or to excel another in qualities or actions;
an assiduous striving to equal or excel another; rivalry.
A noble emulation heats your breast. Dryden.
2. Jea
Such factious emulations shall arise. Shak.
Syn. -- Competition; rivalry; contest; contention; strife. --
Emulation, Competition, Rivalry. Competition is the struggle of two or
more persons for the same object. Emulation is an ardent desire for
superiority, arising from competition, but now implying, of necessity,
any improper feeling. Rivalry is a personal contest, and, almost of
course, has a selfish object and gives rise to envy. "Competition and
emulation have honor for their basis; rivalry is but a desire for
selfish gratification. Competition and emulation animate to effort;
rivalry usually produces hatred. Competition and emulation seek to
merit success; rivalry is contented with obtaining it." Crabb.
Emulative
Em"u*la*tive (?), a. Inclined to emulation; aspiring to competition;
rivaling; as, an emulative person or effort. "Emulative zeal." Hoole.
Emulatively
Em"u*la*tive*ly, adv. In an emulative manner; with emulation.
Emulator
Em"u*la`tor (?), n. [L. aemulator.] One who emulates, or strives to
equal or surpass.
As Virgil rivaled Homer, Milton was the emulator of both. Bp.
Warburton.
Emulatory
Em"u*la*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to emulation; connected with rivalry.
[R.] "Emulatory officiousness." Bp. Hall.
Emulatress
Em"u*la`tress (?), n. A female emulator. [R.]
Emule
Em"ule (?), v. t. [F. \'82muler. See Emulate.] To emulate. [Obs.]
"Emuled of many." Spenser.
Emulge
E*mulge" (?), v. t. [L. emulgere, emulsum; e out + mulgere to milk;
akin to E. milk. See Milk.] To milk out; to drain. [Obs.] Bailey.
Emulgent
E*mul"gent (?), a. [L. emulgens, p. pr. of emulgere to milk out: cf.
F. \'82mulgent. So called because regarded by the ancients as
straining out the serum, as if by milking, and so producing the
urine.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the kidneys; renal; as, emulgent
arteries and veins. -- n. An emulgent vessel, as a renal artery or
vein.
Emulgent
E*mul"gent, n. (Med.) A medicine that excites the flow of bile. [Obs.]
Hoblyn.
Emulous
Em"u*lous (?), a. [L. aemulus. See Emulate.]
1. Ambitiously desirous to equal or even to excel another; eager to
emulate or vie with another; desirous of like excellence with another;
-- with of; as, emulous of another's example or virtues.
2. Vying with; rivaling; hence, contentious, envious. "Emulous
Carthage." B. Jonson.
Emulous missions 'mongst the gods. Shak.
Emulously
Em"u*lous*ly, adv. In an emulous manner.
Emulousness
Em"u*lous*ness, n. The quality of being emulous.
Emulsic
E*mul"sic (?), a. Pertaining to, or produced from, emulsin; as,
emulsic acid. Hoblyn.
Emulsify
E*mul"si*fy (?), v. t. [Emulsion + -fy.] To convert into an emulsion;
to form an emulsion; to reduce from an oily substance to a milky fluid
in which the fat globules are in a very finely divided state, giving
it the semblance of solution; as, the pancreatic juice emulsifies the
oily part of food.
Emulsin
E*mul"sin (?), n. [See Emulsion, Emulge.] (Chem.) (a) The white milky
pulp or extract of bitter almonds. [R.] (b) An unorganized ferment
(contained in this extract and in other vegetable juices), which
effects the decomposition of certain glucosides.
Emulsion
E*mul"sion (?), n. [From L. emulgere, emulsum: cf. F. \'82mulsion. See
Emulge.] Any liquid preparation of a color and consistency resembling
milk; as: (a) In pharmacy, an extract of seeds, or a mixture of oil
and water united by a mucilaginous substance. (b) In photography, a
liquid preparation of collodion holding salt of silver, used in the
photographic process.
Emulsive
E*mul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F. \'82mulsif.]
1. Softening; milklike.
2. Yielding oil by expression; as, emulsive seeds.
3. Producing or yielding a milklike substance; as, emulsive acids.
Emunctory
E*munc"to*ry (?), n.; pl. Emunctories (#). [L. emunctorium a pair of
snuffers, fr. emungere, emunctum, to blow the nose, hence, to wipe,
cleanse; e out + mungere to blow the nose: cf. F. \'82monctoire,
formerly spelled also \'82monctoire.] (Physiol.) Any organ or part of
the body (as the kidneys, skin, etc.,) which serves to carry off
excrementitious or waste matter.
Emuscation
Em`us*ca"tion (?), n. [L. emuscare to clear from moss; e out + muscus
moss.] A freeing from moss. [Obs.]
Emu wren
E"mu wren` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A small wrenlike Australian bird
(Stipiturus malachurus), having the tail feathers long and loosely
barbed, like emu feathers.
Emyd
E"myd (?), n.; pl. E. Emyds (#), E. Emyd (#). [See Emydea.] (Zo\'94l.)
A fresh-water tortoise of the family Emydid\'91.
Emydea
E*myd"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Emys a genus of tortoises, L. emys a
kind of fresh-water tortoise, Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of chelonians
which comprises many species of fresh-water tortoises and terrapins.
En-
En- (?).
1. [F. en-, L. in.] A prefix signifying in or into, used in many
English words, chiefly those borrowed from the French. Some English
words are written indifferently with en- or in-. For ease of
pronunciation it is commonly changed to em- before p, b, and m, as in
employ, embody, emmew. It is sometimes used to give a causal force, as
in enable, enfeeble, to cause to be, or to make, able, or feeble; and
sometimes merely gives an intensive force, as in enchasten. See In-.
2. A prefix from Gr. in
; as, encephalon, entomology. See In-.
-en
-en.
1. A suffix from AS. -an, formerly used to form the plural of many
nouns, as in ashen, eyen, oxen, all obs. except oxen. In some cases,
such as children and brethren, it has been added to older plural
forms.
2. A suffix corresponding to AS. -en and -on, formerly used to form
the plural of verbs, as in housen, escapen.
3. A suffix signifying to make, to cause, used to form verbs from
nouns and adjectives; as in strengthen, quicken, frighten. This must
not be confused with -en corresponding in Old English to the AS.
infinitive ending -an.
4. [AS. -en; akin to Goth. -eins, L. -inus, Gr. An adjectival suffix,
meaning made of; as in golden, leaden, wooden.
5. [AS. -en; akin to Skr. -na.] The termination of the past participle
of many strong verbs; as, in broken, gotten, trodden.
En
En (?), n. (Print.) Half an em, that is, half of the unit of space in
measuring printed matter. See Em.
Enable
En*a"ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enabled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enabling (?).]
1. To give strength or ability to; to make firm and strong. [Obs.]
"Who hath enabled me." 1 Tim. i. 12.
Receive the Holy Ghost, said Christ to his apostles, when he
enabled them with priestly power. Jer. Taylor.
2. To make able (to do, or to be, something); to confer sufficient
power upon; to furnish with means, opportunities, and the like; to
render competent for; to empower; to endow.
Temperance gives Nature her full play, and enables her to exert
herself in all her force and vigor. Addison.
Enablement
En*a"ble*ment (?), n. The act of enabling, or the state of being
enabled; ability. Bacon.
Enact
En*act" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enacted; p. pr. & vb. n. Enacting.]
1. To decree; to establish by legal and authoritative act; to make
into a law; especially, to perform the legislative act with reference
to (a bill) which gives it the validity of law.
2. To act; to perform; to do; to effect. [Obs.]
The king enacts more wonders than a man. Shak.
3. To act the part of; to represent; to play.
I did enact Julius Caesar. Shak.
Enacting clause, that clause of a bill which formally expresses the
legislative sanction.
Enact
En*act", n. Purpose; determination. [Obs.]
Enactive
En*act"ive (?), a. Having power to enact or establish as a law. Abp.
Bramhall.
Enactment
En*act"ment (?), n.
1. The passing of a bill into a law; the giving of legislative
sanction and executive approval to a bill whereby it is established as
a law.
2. That which is enacted or passed into a law; a law; a decree; a
statute; a prescribed requirement; as, a prohibitory enactment; a
social enactment.
Enactor
En*act"or (?), n. One who enacts a law; one who decrees or establishes
as a law. Atterbury.
Enacture
En*ac"ture (?; 135), n. Enactment; resolution. [Obs.] Shak.
Enaliosaur
En*al"i*o*saur` (?), n. (Paleon.) One of the Enaliosauria.
Enaliosauria
En*al`i*o*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.) An extinct
group of marine reptiles, embracing both the Ichthyosauria and the
Plesiosauria, now regarded as distinct orders.
Enaliosaurian
En*al`i*o*sau"ri*an (?), a. (Paleon.) Pertaining to the Enaliosauria.
-- n. One of the Enaliosauria.
Enallage
E*nal"la*ge (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.) A substitution, as of one
part of speech for another, of one gender, number, case, person,
tense, mode, or voice, of the same word, for another.
Enambush
En*am"bush (?), v. t. To ambush. [Obs.]
Enamel
En*am"el (?), n. [Pref. en- + amel. See Amel, Smelt, v. t.]
1. A variety of glass, used in ornament, to cover a surface, as of
metal or pottery, and admitting of after decoration in color, or used
itself for inlaying or application in varied colors.
2. (Min.) A glassy, opaque bead obtained by the blowpipe.
3. That which is enameled; also, any smooth, glossy surface,
resembling enamel, especially if variegated.
4. (Anat.) The intensely hard calcified tissue entering into the
composition of teeth. It merely covers the exposed parts of the teeth
of man, but in many animals is intermixed in various ways with the
dentine and cement.
Enamel painting, painting with enamel colors upon a ground of metal,
porcelain, or the like, the colors being afterwards fixed by fire. --
Enamel paper, paper glazed a metallic coating.
Enamel
En*am"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enameled (?) or Enamelled; p. pr. & vb.
n. Enameling or Enamelling.]
1. To lay enamel upon; to decorate with enamel whether inlaid or
painted.
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2. To variegate with colors as if with enamel.
Oft he [the serpent]bowed His turret crest and sleek enameled neck.
Milton.
3. To form a glossy surface like enamel upon; as, to enamel card
paper; to enamel leather or cloth.
4. To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's complexion.
Enamel
En*am"el (?), v. i. To practice the art of enameling.
Enamel
En*am"el, a. Relating to the art of enameling; as, enamel painting.
Tomlinson.
Enamelar
En*am"el*ar (?), a. Consisting of enamel; resembling enamel; smooth;
glossy. [R.] Craig.
Enameled
En*am"eled (?), a. Coated or adorned with enamel; having a glossy or
variegated surface; glazed. [Written also enamelled.]
Enameler, Enamelist
En*am"el*er (?), En*am"el*ist, n. One who enamels; a workman or artist
who applies enamels in ornamental work. [Written also enameller,
enamellist.]
Enamor
En*am"or (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enamored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enamoring.] [OF. enamourer, enamorer; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. & F.
amour love, L. amor. See Amour, and cf. Inamorato.] To inflame with
love; to charm; to captivate; -- with of, or with, before the person
or thing; as, to be enamored with a lady; to be enamored of books or
science. [Written also enamour.]
Passionately enamored of this shadow of a dream. W. Irving.
Enamorment
En*am"or*ment (?), n. The state of being enamored. [R.]
Enantiomorphous
E*nan`ti*o*mor"phous (?), a. [Gr. (Crystallog.) Similar, but not
superposable, i. e., related to each other as a right-handed to a
left-handed glove; -- said of certain hemihedral crystals.
Enantiopathic
E*nan`ti*o*path"ic (?), a. (Med.) Serving to palliate; palliative.
Dunglison.
Enantiopathy
E*nan`ti*op"a*thy (?), n. [Gr.
1. An opposite passion or affection. Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Med.) Allopathy; -- a term used by followers of Hahnemann, or
homeopathists.
Enantiosis
E*nan`ti*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) A figure of speech by
which what is to be understood affirmatively is stated negatively, and
the contrary; affirmation by contraries.
Enarch
En**arch" (?), v. t. To arch. [Obs.] Lydgate.
Enarched
En*arched" (?), a. (Her.) Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or
other ordinary.
Enargite
En*ar"gite (?), n. (Min.) An iron-black mineral of metallic luster,
occurring in small orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains
sulphur, arsenic, copper, and often silver.
Enarmed
En*armed" (?), a. (Her.) Same as Armed, 3.
Enarration
En`ar*ra"tion (?), n. [L. enarratio. See Narration.] A detailed
exposition; relation. [Obs.] Hakewill.
Enarthrodia
En`ar*thro"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Arthrodia.] (Anat.) See
Enarthrosis. -- En`ar*thro"di*al, a.
Enarthrosis
En`ar*thro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) A ball and socket joint,
or the kind of articulation represented by such a joint. See
Articulation.
Enascent
E*nas"cent (?), a. [L. enascens, p. pr. of enasci to spring up; e out
+ nasci to be born.] Coming into being; nascent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.
Enatation
E`na*ta"tion (?), n. [L. enatare to swim out. See Natation.] A
swimming out. [Obs.] Bailey.
Enate
E*nate" (?), a. [L. enatus, p. p. of enasci. See Enascent.] Growing
out.
Enation
E*na"tion (?), n. (Bot.) Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a
thing, as of a petal; also, the capacity or act of producing such an
outgrowth.
Enaunter
E*naun"ter (?), adv. [Pref. en- + aunter.] Lest that. [Obs.] Spenser.
Enavigate
E*nav"i*gate (?), v. t. [L. enavigatus, p. p. of enavigare.] To sail
away or over. [Obs.] Cockeram.
Enbattled
En*bat"tled (?), a. Embattled. [Obs.]
Enbibe
En*bibe" (?), v. t. To imbibe. [Obs.] Skelton.
Enbroude
En*broud"e (?), v. t. See Embroude.
Encage
En*cage" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engaging.] [Pref. en- + cage: cf. F. encager.] To confine in a cage;
to coop up. Shak.
Encalendar
En*cal"en*dar (?), v. t. To register in a calendar; to calendar.
Drayton.
Encamp
En*camp" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encamped (?; 215); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encamping.] To form and occupy a camp; to prepare and settle in
temporary habitations, as tents or huts; to halt on a march, pitch
tents, or form huts, and remain for the night or for a longer time, as
an army or a company traveling.
The host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. 1
Chron. xi. 15.
Encamp
En*camp", v. t. To form into a camp; to place in a temporary
habitation, or quarters.
Bid him encamp his soldiers. Shak.
Encampment
En*camp"ment (?), n.
1. The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or
traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.
2. The place where an army or a company is encamped; a camp; tents
pitched or huts erected for temporary lodgings.
A square of about seven hundred yards was sufficient for the
encampment of twenty thousand Romans. Gibbon.
A green encampment yonder meets the eye. Guardian.
Encanker
En*can"ker (?), v. t. To canker. [Obs.]
Encapsulation
En*cap`su*la"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The act of inclosing in a
capsule; the growth of a membrane around (any part) so as to inclose
it in a capsule.
Encarnalize
En*car"nal*ize (?), v. t. To carnalize; to make gross. [R.]
"Encarnalize their spirits." Tennyson.
Encarpus
En*car"pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. encarpa, pl., Gr. (Arch.) An ornament
on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons of fruit, flowers,
leaves, etc. [Written also encarpa.]
Encase
En*case" (?), v. t. [Cf. Enchase.] To inclose as in a case. See
Incase. Beau. & Fl.
Encasement
En*case"ment (?), n. [Cf. Casement.]
1. The act of encasing; also, that which encases.
2. (Biol.) An old theory of generation similar to emboOvulist.
Encash
En*cash" (?), v. t. (Eng. Banking) To turn into cash; to cash. Sat.
Rev.
Encashment
En*cash"ment (?), n. (Eng. Banking) The payment in cash of a note,
draft, etc.
Encauma
En*cau"ma (?), n. [NL., from Gr. Encaustic.] (Med.) An ulcer in the
eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss of the humors. Dunglison.
Encaustic
En*caus"tic (?), a. [L. encausticus, Gr. encaustique. See Caustic, and
cf. Ink.] (Fine Arts) Prepared by means of heat; burned in. Encaustic
painting (Fine Arts), painting by means of wax with which the colors
are combined, and which is afterwards fused with hot irons, thus
fixing the colors. -- Encaustic tile (Fine Arts), an earthenware tile
which has a decorative pattern and is not wholly of one color.
Encaustic
En*caus"tic, n. [L. encaustica, Gr. encaustique. See Encaustic, a.]
The method of painting in heated wax, or in any way where heat is used
to fix the colors.
Encave
En*cave" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + cave: cf. F. encaver. Cf. Incavated.]
To hide in, or as in, a cave or recess. "Do but encave yourself."
Shak.
-ence
-ence (?). [F. -ence, L. -entia.] A noun suffix signifying action,
state, or quality; also, that which relates to the action or state; as
in emergence, diffidence, diligence, influence, difference,
excellence. See -ance.
Enceinte
En`ceinte" (?), n. [F., fr. enceindre to gird about, surround, L.
incingere; in (intens). + cingere to gird. See Cincture.]
1. (Fort.) The line of works which forms the main inclosure of a
fortress or place; -- called also body of the place.
2. The area or town inclosed by a line of fortification.
The suburbs are not unfrequently larger than their enceinte. S. W.
Williams.
Enceinte
En`ceinte", a. [F., fr. L. in not + cinctus, p. p. of cingere to gird
about.] Pregnant; with child.
Encenia
En*ce"ni*a (?), n. pl. [LL. encaenia, fr. Gr. A festival commemorative
of the founding of a city or the consecration of a church; also, the
ceremonies (as at Oxford and Cambridge, England) commemorative of
founders or benefactors.
Encense
En*cense" (?), v. t. & i. [F. encenser, fr. encens. See Incense, n.]
To offer incense to or upon; to burn incense. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Encephalic
En`ce*phal"ic (?), a. [See Encephalon.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the
encephalon or brain.
Encephalitis
En*ceph`a*li"tis (?), n. [NL., from Gr. -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of
the brain. -- En`ceph*a*lit"ic (#), a.
Encephalocele
En*ceph"a*lo*cele (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Hernia of the brain.
Encephaloid
En*ceph"a*loid (?), a. [Gr. -oid.] Resembling the material of the
brain; cerebriform. Encephaloid cancer (Med.), a very malignant form
of cancer of brainlike consistency. See under Cancer.
Encephaloid
En*ceph"a*loid, n. An encephaloid cancer.
Encephalology
En*ceph`a*lol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which treats of
the brain, its structure and functions.
Encephalon
En*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL. See Encephalos.] (Anat.) The contents of
the cranium; the brain.
Encephalopathy
En*ceph`a*lop"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. (Med.) Any disease or symptoms of
disease referable to disorders of the brain; as, lead encephalopathy,
the cerebral symptoms attending chronic lead poisoning.
Encephalos
En*ceph"a*los (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The encephalon.
In man the encephalos reaches its full size about seven years of
age. Sir W. Hamilton.
Encephalotomy
En*ceph`a*lot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. (Surg.) The act or art of dissecting
the brain.
Encephalous
En*ceph"a*lous (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a head; -- said of most
Mollusca; -- opposed to acephalous.
Enchafe
En*chafe" (?), v. t. To chafe; to enrage; to heat. [Obs.] Shak.
Enchafing
En*chaf"ing, n. Heating; burning. [Obs.]
The wicked enchaufing or ardure of this sin [lust]. Chaucer.
Enchain
En*chain" (?), v. t. [F. encha\'8cner; pref. en- (L. in) cha\'8cne
chain. See Chain, and cf. Incatenation.]
1. To bind with a chain; to hold in chains.
2. To hold fast; to confine; as, to enchain attention.
3. To link together; to connect. Howell.
Enchainment
En*chain"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. encha\'8cnement.] The act of enchaining,
or state of being enchained.
Enchair
En*chair" (?), v. t. To seat in a chair. Tennyson.
Enchannel
En*chan"nel (?), v. t. To make run in a channel. "Its waters were
enchanneled." Sir D. Brewster.
Enchant
En*chant" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enchanted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Enchanting.] [F. enchanter, L. incantare to chant or utter a magic
formula over or against one, to bewitch; in in, against + cantare to
sing. See Chant, and cf. Incantation.]
1. To charm by sorcery; to act on by enchantment; to get control of by
magical words and rites.
And now about the caldron sing, Like elves and fairies in a ring,
Enchanting all that you put in. Shak.
He is enchanted, cannot speak. Tennyson.
2. To delight in a high degree; to charm; to enrapture; as, music
enchants the ear.
Arcadia was the charmed circle where all his spirits forever should
be enchanted. Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- To charm; bewitch; fascinate. Cf. Charm.
Enchanted
En*chant"ed (?), a. Under the power of enchantment; possessed or
exercised by enchanters; as, an enchanted castle.
Enchanter
En*chant"er (?), n. [Cf. F. enchanteur.] One who enchants; a sorcerer
or magician; also, one who delights as by an enchantment.
Like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing. Shelley.
Enchanter's nightshade (Bot.), a genus (Circ\'91a) of low
inconspicuous, perennial plants, found in damp, shady places.
Enchanting
En*chant"ing, a. Having a power of enchantment; charming; fascinating.
-- En*chant"ing*ly, adv.
Enchantment
En*chant"ment (?), n. [F. enchantement.]
1. The act of enchanting; the production of certain wonderful effects
by the aid of demons, or the agency of supposed spirits; the use of
magic arts, spells, or charms; incantation.
After the last enchantment you did here. Shak.
2. The effect produced by the act; the state of being enchanted; as,
to break an enchantment.
3. That which captivates the heart and senses; an influence or power
which fascinates or highly delights.
Such an enchantment as there is in words. South.
Syn. -- Incantation; necromancy; magic; sorcery; witchcraft; spell;
charm; fascination; witchery.
Enchantress
En*chant"ress (?), n. [Cf. F. enchanteresse.] A woman versed in
magical arts; a sorceress; also, a woman who fascinates. Shak.
Encharge
En*charge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encharged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encharging (?).] [OF. enchargier, F. encharger; pref. en- (L. in) + F.
charger. See Charge.] To charge (with); to impose (a charge) upon.
His countenance would express the spirit and the passion of the
part he was encharged with. Jeffrey.
Encharge
En*charge", n. A charge. [Obs.] A. Copley.
Enchase
En*chase" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enchased (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enchasing.] [F. ench\'83sser; pref. en- (L. in) + ch\'83sse box
containing relics, frame, case, the same word as caisse case. See 1st
Case, and cf. Chase, Encase, Incase.]
1. To incase or inclose in a border or rim; to surround with an
ornamental casing, as a gem with gold; to encircle; to inclose; to
adorn.
Enchased with a wanton ivy twine. Spenser.
An precious stones, in studs of gold enchased, The shaggy velvet of
his buskins graced. Mickle.
2. To chase; to ornament by embossing or engraving; as, to enchase a
watch case.
With golden letters . . . well enchased. Spenser.
3. To delineate or describe, as by writing. [Obs.]
All which . . . for to enchase, Him needeth sure a golden pen, I
ween. Spenser.
Enchaser
En*chas"er (?), n. One who enchases.
Enchasten
En*chas"ten (?), v. t. To chasten. [Obs.]
Encheson, Encheason
En*che"son, En*chea"son (?), n. [OF. enchaison, fr. L. incidere to
happen; in + cadere to fall.] Occasion, cause, or reason. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Enchest
En*chest" (?), v. t. [Cf. Inchest.] To inclose in a chest. Vicars.
Enchiridion
En`chi*rid"i*on (?), n. [L., from Gr. Handbook; a manual of devotions.
Evelyn.
Enchisel
En*chis"el (?), v. t. To cut with a chisel.
Enchodus
En"cho*dus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.) A genus of extinct
Cretaceous fishes; -- so named from their spear-shaped teeth. They
were allied to the pike (Esox).
Enchondroma
En`chon*dro"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.] (Med.) A cartilaginous
tumor growing from the interior of a bone. Quain.
Enchorial, Enchoric
En*cho"ri*al (?), En*chor"ic (?), a. [Gr. Belonging to, or used in, a
country; native; domestic; popular; common; -- said especially of the
written characters employed by the common people of ancient Egypt, in
distinction from the hieroglyphics. See Demotic.
Enchylemma
En`chy*lem"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The basal substance of the
cell nucleus; a hyaline or granular substance, more or less fluid
during life, in which the other parts of the nucleus are imbedded.
Enchyma
En"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.) The primitive formative juice,
from which the tissues, particularly the cellular tissue, are formed.
Encincture
En*cinc"ture (?), n. A cincture. [Poetic]
The vast encincture of that gloomy sea. Wordsworth.
Encindered
En*cin"dered (?), a. Burnt to cinders. [R.]
Encircle
En*cir"cle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encircled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encircling (?).] [Pref. en- + circle: cf. OF. encercler.] To form a
circle about; to inclose within a circle or ring; to surround; as, to
encircle one in the arms; the army encircled the city.
Her brows encircled with his serpent rod. Parnell.
Syn. -- To encompass; surround; environ; inclose.
Encirclet
En*cir"clet (?), n. [Encircle + -let.] A small circle; a ring. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Enclasp
En*clasp" (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + clasp. Cf. Inclasp.] To clasp. See
Inclasp.
Enclave
En*clave" (?), n. [F., fr. L. in + clavus a nail.] A tract of land or
a territory inclosed within another territory of which it is
independent. See Exclave. [Recent]
Enclave
En*clave", v. t. [Cf. F. enclaver.] To inclose within an alien
territory. [Recent]
Enclavement
En*clave"ment (?), n. [F.] The state of being an enclave. [Recent]
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Page 489
Enclitic, Enclitical
En*clit"ic (?), En*clit"ic*al (?), a. [L. encliticus, Gr. In, and
Lean, v. i.] (Gram.) Affixed; subjoined; -- said of a word or particle
which leans back upon the preceding word so as to become a part of it,
and to lose its own independent accent, generally varying also the
accent of the preceding word.
Enclitic
En*clit"ic, n. (Gram.) A word which is joined to another so closely as
to lose its proper accent, as the pronoun thee in prithee (pray thee).
Enclitically
En*clit"ic*al*ly, adv. In an enclitic manner; by throwing the accent
back. Walker.
Enclitics
En*clit"ics (?), n. (Gram.) The art of declining and conjugating
words.
Encloister
En*clois"ter (?), v. t. [Cf. Incloister.] To shut up in a cloister; to
cloister.
Enclose
En*close" (?), v. t. [F. enclos, p. p. of enclore to enclose; pref.
en- (L. in) + clore to close. See Close, and cf. Inclose, Include.] To
inclose. See Inclose.
Enclosure
En*clo"sure (?; 135), n. Inclosure. See Inclosure.
NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rds en close an d en closure ar e wr itten
indiscriminately enclose or inclose and enclosure or inclosure.
Enclothe
En*clothe" (?), v. t. To clothe.
Encloud
En*cloud" (?), v. t. [Cf. Incloud.] To envelop in clouds; to cloud.
[R.] Spenser.
Encoach
En*coach" (?), v. t. [Cf. Incoach.] To carry in a coach. [R.] Davies
(Wit's Pilgr.)
Encoffin
En*cof"fin (?), v. t. To put in a coffin. [R.]
Encolden
En*cold"en (?), v. t. To render cold. [Obs.]
Encollar
En*col"lar (?), v. t. To furnish or surround with a collar. [R.]
Encolor
En*col"or (?), v. t. To color. [R.]
Encolure
En`co`lure" (?), n. [F.] The neck of horse. R. Browning.
Encomber
En*com"ber (?), v. t. See Encumber. [Obs.]
Encomberment
En*com"ber*ment (?), n. [See Encumberment.] Hindrance;
molestation.[Obs.] Spenser.
Encomiast
En*co"mi*ast (?), n. [Gr. encomiaste. See Encomium.] One who praises;
a panegyrist. Locke.
Encomiastic, Encomiastical
En*co`mi*as"tic (?), En*co`mi*as"tic*al (?), a. [Gr. Bestowing praise;
praising; eulogistic; laudatory; as, an encomiastic address or
discourse. -- En*co`mi*as"tic*al*ly, adv.
Encomiastic
En*co`mi*as"tic, n. A panegyric. B. Jonson.
Encomion
En*co"mi*on (?), n. [NL.] Encomium; panegyric. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Encomium
En*co"mi*um (?), n.; pl. Encomiums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. Comedy.] Warm or
high praise; panegyric; strong commendation.
His encomiums awakened all my ardor. W. Irving.
Syn. -- See Eulogy.
Encompass
En*com"pass (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encompassed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encompassing.] To circumscribe or go round so as to surround closely;
to encircle; to inclose; to environ; as, a ring encompasses the
finger; an army encompasses a city; a voyage encompassing the world.
Shak.
A question may be encompassed with difficulty. C. J. Smith.
The love of all thy sons encompass thee. Tennyson.
Syn. -- To encircle; inclose; surround; include; environ; invest; hem
in; shut up.
Encompassment
En*com"pass*ment (?), n. The act of surrounding, or the state of being
surrounded; circumvention.
By this encompassment and drift of question. Shak.
Encore
En`core" (?), adv. OR interj. [F. The last part of the word is fr. L.
hora hour. See Hour.] Once more; again; -- used by the auditors and
spectators of plays, concerts, and other entertainments, to call for a
repetition of a particular part.
Encore
En`core", n. A call or demand (as, by continued applause) for a
repetition; as, the encores were numerous.
Encore
En`core", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Encoring.]
To call for a repetition or reappearance of; as, to encore a song or a
singer.
[Rebecca] insisted upon encoring one of the duets. Thackeray.
Encorporing
En*cor"po*ring (?), n. [Pref. en- + L. corpus body.] Incorporation.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Encoubert
En`cou`bert" (?), n. [F., Pg. encorberto, encuberto, lit., covered.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of several species of armadillos of the genera Dasypus
and Euphractus, having five toes both on the fore and hind feet.
Encounter
En*coun"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encountered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encountering.] [OF. encontrer; pref. en- (L. in) + contre against, L.
contra. See Counter, adv.] To come against face to face; to meet; to
confront, either by chance, suddenly, or deliberately; especially, to
meet in opposition or with hostile intent; to engage in conflict with;
to oppose; to struggle with; as, to encounter a friend in traveling;
two armies encounter each other; to encounter obstacles or
difficulties, to encounter strong evidence of a truth.
Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics,
encountered him. Acts xvii. 18.
I am most fortunate thus accidentally to encounter you. Shak.
Encounter
En*coun"ter, v. i. To meet face to face; to have a meeting; to meet,
esp. as enemies; to engage in combat; to fight; as, three armies
encountered at Waterloo.
I will encounter with Andronicus. Shak.
Perception and judgment, employed in the investigation of all
truth, have in the first place to encounter with particulars.
Tatham.
Encounter
En*coun"ter, n. [OF. encontre, fr. encontrer. See Encounter, v. t.]
1. A meeting face to face; a running against; a sudden or incidental
meeting; an interview.
To shun the encounter of the vulgar crowd. Pope.
2. A meeting, with hostile purpose; hence, a combat; a battle; as, a
bloody encounter.
As one for . . . fierce encounters fit. Spenser.
To join their dark encounter in mid-air. Milton
. Syn. -- Contest; conflict; fight; combat; assault; rencounter;
attack; engagement; onset. See Contest.
Encounterer
En*coun"ter*er (?), n. One who encounters; an opponent; an antagonist.
Atterbury.
Encourage
En*cour"age (?; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encouraged (?; 48); p. pr. &
vb. n. Encouraging (?).] [F. encourager; pref. en- (L. in) + courage
courage. See Courage.] To give courage to; to inspire with courage,
spirit, or hope; to raise, or to increase, the confidence of; to
animate; enhearten; to incite; to help forward; -- the opposite of
discourage.
David encouraged himself in the Lord. 1 Sam. xxx. 6.
Syn. -- To embolden; inspirit; animate; enhearten; hearten; incite;
cheer; urge; impel; stimulate; instigate; countenance; comfort;
promote; advance; forward; strengthen.
Encouragement
En*cour"age*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. encouragement.]
1. The act of encouraging; incitement to action or to practice; as,
the encouragement of youth in generosity.
All generous encouragement of arts. Otway.
2. That which serves to incite, support, promote, or advance, as
favor, countenance, reward, etc.; incentive; increase of confidence;
as, the fine arts find little encouragement among a rude people.
To think of his paternal care, Is a most sweet encouragement to
prayer. Byron.
Encourager
En*cour"a*ger (?), n. One who encourages, incites, or helps forward; a
favorer.
The pope is . . . a great encourager of arts. Addison.
Encouraging
En*cour"a*ging (?), a. Furnishing ground to hope; inspiriting;
favoring. -- En*cour"a*ging*ly, adv.
Encowl
En*cowl" (?), v. t. To make a monk (or wearer of a cowl) of. [R.]
Drayton.
Encradle
En*cra"dle (?), v. t. To lay in a cradle.
Encratite
En"cra*tite (?), n. [L. Encratitae, pl., fr. Gr. (Eccl. Hist.) One of
a sect in the 2d century who abstained from marriage, wine, and animal
food; -- called also Continent.
Encrease
En*crease" (?), v. t. & i. [Obs.] See Increase.
Encrimson
En*crim"son (?), v. t. To give a crimson or red color to; to crimson.
Shak.
Encrinic, Encrinal, Encrinital
En*crin"ic (?), En*cri"nal (?), En*crin"i*tal (?), a. (Paleon.)
Relating to encrinites; containing encrinites, as certain kinds of
limestone.
Encrinite
En"cri*nite (?), n. [Gr. encrinite.] (Paleon.) A fossil crinoid, esp.
one belonging to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus. Sometimes used in
a general sense for any crinoid.
Encrinitic, Encrinitical
En`cri*nit"ic (?), En`cri*nit"ic*al (?), a. (Paleon.) Pertaining to
encrinites; encrinal.
Encrinoidea
En`cri*noid"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Encrinus and -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
That order of the Crinoidea which includes most of the living and many
fossil forms, having jointed arms around the margin of the oral disk;
-- also called Brachiata and Articulata. See Illusts. under Comatula
and Crinoidea.
Encrinus
En"cri*nus (?), n.; pl. Encrini (#). [NL. See Encrinite.] (Paleon.) A
genus of fossil encrinoidea, from the Mesozoic rocks.
Encrisped
En*crisped" (?), a. Curled. [Obs.] Skelton.
Encroach
En*croach" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encroached (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encroaching.] [OF. encrochier to perch, prop., to hook, fasten a hook
(perh. confused with acrochier, F. accrocher, to hook, get hold of, E.
accroach); pref. en- (L. in) + F. croc hook. See Crook, and cf.
Accroach.] To enter by gradual steps or by stealth into the
possessions or rights of another; to trespass; to intrude; to trench;
-- commonly with on or upon; as, to encroach on a neighbor; to
encroach on the highway.
No sense, faculty, or member must encroach upon or interfere with
the duty and office of another. South.
Superstition, . . . a creeping and encroaching evil. Hooker.
Exclude the encroaching cattle from thy ground. Dryden.
Syn. -- To intrude; trench; infringe; invade; trespass.
Encroach
En*croach", n. Encroachment. [Obs.] South.
Encroacher
En*croach"er (?), n. One who by gradual steps enters on, and takes
possession of, what is not his own.
Encroachingly
En*croach"ing*ly, adv. By way of encroachment.
Encroachment
En*croach"ment (?), n.
1. The act of entering gradually or silently upon the rights or
possessions of another; unlawful intrusion.
An unconstitutional encroachment of military power on the civil
establishment. Bancroft.
2. That which is taken by encroaching on another.
3. (Law) An unlawful diminution of the possessions of another.
Encrust
En*crust" (?), v. t. To incrust. See Incrust.
Encrustment
En*crust"ment (?), n. That which is formed as a crust; incrustment;
incrustation.
Disengaging truth from its encrustment of error. I. Taylor.
Encumber
En*cum"ber (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encumbered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encumbering.] [F. encombrer; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. combrer to
hinder. See Cumber, and cf. Incumber.] >[Written also incumber.]
1. To impede the motion or action of, as with a burden; to retard with
something superfluous; to weigh down; to obstruct or embarrass; as,
his movements were encumbered by his mantle; his mind is encumbered
with useless learning.
Not encumbered with any notable inconvenience. Hooker.
2. To load with debts, or other legal claims; as, to encumber an
estate with mortgages. Syn. -- To load; clog; oppress; overload;
embarrass; perplex; hinder; retard; obstruct; check; block.
Encumberment
En*cum"ber*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. encombrement.] Encumbrance. [R.]
Encumbrance
En*cum"brance (?), n. [Cf. OF. encombrance. Cf. Incumbrance.]
1. That which encumbers; a burden which impedes action, or renders it
difficult and laborious; a clog; an impediment. See Incumbrance.
2. (Law) Same as Incumbrance. Syn. -- Burden; clog; impediment; check;
hindrance.
Encumbrancer
En*cum"bran*cer (?), n. (Law) Same as Incumbrancer.
Encurtain
En*cur"tain (?), v. t. To inclose with curtains.
-ency
-en*cy (?). [L. -entia.] A noun suffix having much the same meaning as
-ence, but more commonly signifying the quality or state; as,
emergency, efficiency. See -ancy.
Encyclic, Encyclical
En*cyc"lic (?), En*cyc"li*cal (?), a. [L. encyclios of a circle,
general, Gr. encyclique. See Cycle.] Sent to many persons or places;
intended for many, or for a whole order of men; general; circular; as,
an encyclical letter of a council, of a bishop, or the pope.
Encyclic, Encyclical
En*cyc"lic, En*cyc"li*cal, n. An encyclical letter, esp. one from a
pope. Shipley.
Encyclopedia, Encyclop\'91dia
En*cy`clo*pe"di*a, En*cy`clo*p\'91"di*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
encyclop\'82die. See Cyclopedia, and Encyclical.] [Formerly written
encyclop\'91dy and encyclopedy.] The circle of arts and sciences; a
comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge; esp.,
a work in which the various branches of science or art are discussed
separately, and usually in alphabetical order; a cyclopedia.
Encyclopediacal
En*cy`clo*pe*di"a*cal (?), a. Encyclopedic.
Encyclopedian
En*cy`clo*pe"di*an (?), a. Embracing the whole circle of learning, or
a wide range of subjects.
Encyclopedic, Encyclopedical
En*cy`clo*ped"ic (?), En*cy`clo*ped"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
encyclop\'82dique.] Pertaining to, or of the nature of, an
encyclopedia; embracing a wide range of subjects.
Encyclopedism
En*cy`clo*pe"dism (?), n. The art of writing or compiling
encyclopedias; also, possession of the whole range of knowledge;
encyclopedic learning.
Encyclopedist
En*cy`clo*pe"dist (?), n. [Cf. F. encyclop\'82diste.] The compiler of
an encyclopedia, or one who assists in such compilation; also, one
whose knowledge embraces the whole range of the sciences. The
Encyclopedists, the writers of the great French encyclopedia which
appeared in 1751-1772. The editors were Diderot and D'Alembert. Among
the contributors were Voltaire and Rousseau.
Encyst
En*cyst" (?), v. t. To inclose in a cyst.
Encystation
En`cys*ta"tion (?), n. Encystment.
Encysted
En*cyst"ed (?), a. Inclosed in a cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle;
as, an encysted tumor.
The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's fang.
Coleridge.
Encystment
En*cyst"ment (?), n.
1. (Biol.) A process which, among some of the lower forms of life,
precedes reproduction by budding, fission, spore formation, etc.
NOTE: &hand; Th e animal (a) first contracts its body to a globular
mass (b) and then secretes a transparent cyst (c), after which the
mass divides into two or more parts (as in d e), each of which
attains freedom by the bursting of the cyst, and becomes an
individual animal.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A process by which many internal parasites, esp. in
their larval states, become inclosed within a cyst in the muscles,
liver, etc. See Trichina.
End
End (?), n. [OE. & AS. ende; akin to OS. endi, D. einde, eind, OHG.
enti, G. ende, Icel. endir, endi, Sw. \'84nde, Dan. ende, Goth.
andeis, Skr. anta. Ante-, Anti-, Answer.]
1. The extreme or last point or part of any material thing considered
lengthwise (the extremity of breadth being side); hence, extremity, in
general; the concluding part; termination; close; limit; as, the end
of a field, line, pole, road; the end of a year, of a discourse; put
an end to pain; -- opposed to beginning, when used of anything having
a first part.
Better is the end of a thing than the beginning thereof. Eccl. vii.
8.
2. Point beyond which no procession can be made; conclusion; issue;
result, whether successful or otherwise; conclusive event;
consequence.
My guilt be on my head, and there an end. Shak.
O that a man might know The end of this day's business ere it come!
Shak.
3. Termination of being; death; destruction; extermination; also,
cause of death or destruction.
Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end. Pope.
Confound your hidden falsehood, and award Either of you to be the
other's end. Shak.
I shall see an end of him. Shak.
4. The object aimed at in any effort considered as the close and
effect of exertion; ppurpose; intention; aim; as, to labor for private
or public ends.
Losing her, the end of living lose. Dryden.
When every man is his own end, all things will come to a bad end.
Coleridge.
5. That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a scrap; as, odds and
ends.
I clothe my naked villainy With old odd ends stolen out of holy
writ, And seem a saint, when most I play the devil. Shak.
6. (Carpet Manuf.) One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels
carpet.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 490
An end. (a) On end; upright; erect; endways. Spenser (b) To the end;
continuously. [Obs.] Richardson. -- End bulb (Anat.), one of the
bulblike bodies in which some sensory nerve fibers end in certain
parts of the skin and mucous membranes; -- also called end corpuscles.
-- End fly, a bobfly. -- End for end, one end for the other; in
reversed order. -- End man, the last man in a row; one of the two men
at the extremities of a line of minstrels. -- End on (Naut.), bow
foremost. -- End organ (Anat.), the structure in which a nerve fiber
ends, either peripherally or centrally. -- End plate (Anat.), one of
the flat expansions in which motor nerve fibers terminate on muscular
fibers. -- End play (Mach.), movement endwise, or room for such
movement. -- End stone (Horol.), one of the two plates of a jewel in a
timepiece; the part that limits the pivot's end play. -- Ends of the
earth, the remotest regions of the earth. -- In the end, finally.
Shak. -- On end, upright; erect. -- To the end, in order. Bacon. -- To
make both ends meet, to live within one's income. Fuller. -- To put an
end to, to destroy.
End
End (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ended; p. pr. & vb. n. Ending.]
1. To bring to an end or conclusion; to finish; to close; to
terminate; as, to end a speech. "I shall end this strife." Shak.
On the seventh day God ended his work. Gen. ii. 2.
2. To form or be at the end of; as, the letter k ends the word back.
3. To destroy; to put to death. "This sword hath ended him." Shak.
To end up, to lift or tilt, so as to set on end; as, to end up a
hogshead.
End
End, v. i. To come to the ultimate point; to be finished; to come to a
close; to cease; to terminate; as, a voyage ends; life ends; winter
ends.
Endable
End"a*ble (?), a. That may be ended; terminable.
Endall
End"*all` (?), n. Complete termination. [R.]
That but this blow Might be the be-all and the end-all here. Shak.
Endamage
En*dam"age (?; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endamaged (?; 48); p. pr. &
vb. n. Endamaging (?).] [Pref. en- + damage: cf. F. endommager.] To
bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure. [R.]
The trial hath endamaged thee no way. Milton.
Endamageable
En*dam"age*a*ble (?), a. Capable of being damaged, or injured;
damageable. [Obs.]
Endamagement
En*dam"age*ment (?), n. [Cf. F. endommagement.] Damage; injury; harm.
[Obs.] Shak.
Endamnify
En*dam"ni*fy (?), v. t. To damnify; to injure. [R.] Sandys.
Endanger
En*dan"ger (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endangered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endangering.]
1. To put to hazard; to bring into danger or peril; to expose to loss
or injury; as, to endanger life or peace.
All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised without
endangering him. Burke.
2. To incur the hazard of; to risk. [Obs.]
He that turneth the humors back . . . endangereth malign ulcers.
Bacon.
Endangerment
En*dan"ger*ment (?), n. Hazard; peril. Milton.
Endark
En*dark" (?), v. t. To darken. [Obs.] Feltham.
Endaspidean
En`das*pid"e*an (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior
scutes extending around the tarsus on the inner side; -- said of
certain birds.
Endazzle
En*daz"zle (?), v. t. To dazzle. [Obs.] "Endazzled eyes." Milton.
Endear
En*dear" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endeared (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endearing.]
1. To make dear or beloved. "To be endeared to a king." Shak.
2. To raise the price or cost of; to make costly or expensive. [R.]
King James I. (1618).
Endearedly
En*dear"ed*ly (?), adv. With affection or endearment; dearly.
Endearedness
En*dear"ed*ness, n. State of being endeared.
Endearing
En*dear"ing, a. Making dear or beloved; causing love. --
En*dear"ing*ly, adv.
Endearment
En*dear"ment (?), n. The act of endearing or the state of being
endeared; also, that which manifests, excites, or increases,
affection. "The great endearments of prudent and temperate speech."
Jer. Taylor.
Her first endearments twining round the soul. Thomson.
Endeavor
En*deav"or (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endeavored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endeavoring.] [OE. endevor; pref. en- + dever, devoir, duty, F.
devoir: cf. F. se mettre en devoir de faire quelque chose to try to do
a thing, to go about it. See Devoir, Debt.] [Written also endeavour.]
To exert physical or intellectual strength for the attainment of; to
use efforts to effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try; to
attempt.
It is our duty to endeavor the recovery of these beneficial
subjects. Ld. Chatham.
To endeavor one's self, to exert one's self strenuously to the
fulfillment of a duty. [Obs.] "A just man that endeavoreth himself to
leave all wickedness." Latimer.
Endeavor
En*deav"or, v. i. To exert one's self; to work for a certain end.
And such were praised who but endeavored well. Pope.
NOTE: Usually wi th an in finitive; as, to endeavor to outstrip an
antagonist.
He had . . . endeavored earnestly to do his duty. Prescott.
Syn. -- To attempt; try; strive; struggle; essay; aim; seek.
Endeavor
En*deav"or, n. [Written also endeavour.] An exertion of physical or
intellectual strength toward the attainment of an object; a systematic
or continuous attempt; an effort; a trial.
To employ all my endeavor to obey you. Sir P. Sidney.
To do one's endeavor, to do one's duty; to put forth strenuous efforts
to attain an object; -- a phrase derived from the Middle English
phrase "to do one's dever" (duty). "Mr. Prynne proceeded to show he
had done endeavor to prepare his answer." Fuller. Syn. -- Essay;
trial; effort; exertion. See Attempt.
Endeavorer
En*deav"or*er (?), n. One who makes an effort or attempt. [Written
also endeavourer.]
Endeavorment
En*deav"or*ment (?), n. Act of endeavoring; endeavor. [Obs.] Spenser.
Endecagon
En*dec"a*gon (?), n. [See Hendecagon.] (Geom.) A plane figure of
eleven sides and angles.
Endecagynous
En`de*cag"y*nous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having eleven pistils; as, an
endecagynous flower.
Endecane
En"de*cane (?), n. [Gr. (Chem.) One of the higher hydrocarbons of the
paraffin series, C11H24, found as a constituent of petroleum. [Written
also hendecane.]
Endecaphyllous
En`de*caph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Composed of eleven leaflets; --
said of a leaf.
Endeictic
En*deic"tic (?), a. [Gr. Serving to show or exhibit; as, an endeictic
dialogue, in the Platonic philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen
of skill. Enfield.
Endeixis
En*deix"is (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. Endeictic.] (Med.) An indication.
Endemial
En*de"mi*al (?), a. Endemic. [R.]
Endemic, Endemical
En*de"mic (?), En*de"mic*al (?), a. [Gr. end\'82mique.] (Med.)
Peculiar to a district or particular locality, or class of persons;
as, an endemic disease.
NOTE: &hand; An endemic disease is one which is constantly present
to a greater or less degree in any place, as distinguished from an
epidemic disease, which prevails widely at some one time, or
periodically, and from a sporadic disease, of which a few instances
occur now and then.
Endemic
En*dem"ic, n. (Med.) An endemic disease.
Fear, which is an endemic latent in every human heart, sometimes
rises into an epidemic. J. B. Heard.
Endemically
En*dem"ic*al*ly, adv. In an endemic manner.
Endemiology
En*dem`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. The science which treats of endemic
affections.
Endenization
En*den`i*za"tion (?), n. The act of naturalizing. [R.]
Endenize
En*den"ize (?), v. t. To endenizen. [Obs.]
Endenizen
En*den"i*zen (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + denizen. Cf. Indenizen.] To admit
to the privileges of a denizen; to naturalize. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Ender
End"er (?), n. One who, or that which, makes an end of something; as,
the ender of my life.
Endermatic
En`der*mat"ic (?), a. Endermic.
Endermic
En*der"mic (?), a. [Gr. (Med.) Acting through the skin, or by direct
application to the skin. Endermic method, that in which the medicine
enters the system through the skin, being applied either to the sound
skin, or to the surface denuded of the cuticle by a blister.
Endermically
En*der"mic*al*ly (?), adv. By the endermic method; as, applied
endermically.
Enderon
En"de*ron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The deep sensitive and
vascular layer of the skin and mucous membranes. -- En`de*ron"ic, a.
Endiademed
En*di"a*demed (?), a. Diademed. [R.]
Endiaper
En*di"a*per (?), v. t. [See Diaper.] To decorate with a diaper
pattern.
Endict
En*dict" (?), v. t. See Indict.
Endictment
En*dict"ment (?), n. See Indictment.
Ending
End"ing (?), n.
1. Termination; concluding part; result; conclusion; destruction;
death.
2. (Gram.) The final syllable or letter of a word; the part joined to
the stem. See 3d Case, 5.
Ending day, day of death. Chaucer.
Endite
En*dite (?), v. t. See Indite. Spenser.
Endive
En"dive (?), n. [F. endive (cf. Pr., Sp. Pg., & It. endivia), fr. a
deriv. of L. intibus, intybus, endive.] (Bot.) A composite herb
(Cichorium Endivia). Its finely divided and much curled leaves, when
blanched, are used for salad. Wild endive (Bot.), chicory or succory.
Endless
End"less (?), a. [AS. endele\'a0s. See End.]
1. Without end; having no end or conclusion; perpetual; interminable;
-- applied to length, and to duration; as, an endless line; endless
time; endless bliss; endless praise; endless clamor.
2. Infinite; excessive; unlimited. Shak.
3. Without profitable end; fruitless; unsatisfying. [R.] "All loves
are endless." Beau. & Fl.
4. Void of design; objectless; as, an endless pursuit.
Endless chain, a chain which is made continuous by uniting its two
ends. -- Endless screw. (Mech.) See under Screw. Syn. -- Eternal;
everlasting; interminable; infinite; unlimited; incessant; perpetual;
uninterrupted; continual; unceasing; unending; boundless; undying;
imperishable.
Endlessly
End"less*ly, adv. In an endless manner.
Endlessness
End"less*ness, n. [AS. endele\'a0snys.] The quality of being endless;
perpetuity.
Endlong
End"long` (?; 115), adv. & prep. [Cf. Along.] Lengthwise; along.
[Archaic]
The doors were all of adamants eterne, I-clenched overthwart and
endelong With iron tough. Chaucer.
He pricketh endelong the large space. Chaucer.
To thrust the raft endlong across the moat. Sir W. Scott.
Endmost
End"most` (?), a. Farthest; remotest; at the very end. Tylor.
Endo-, End-
En"do- (?), End- (?). [Gr. In.] A combining form signifying within;
as, endocarp, endogen, endocuneiform, endaspidean.
Endoblast
En"do*blast (?), n. [Endo- + -blast.] (Biol.) Entoblast; endoplast.
See Nucleus,
Endoblastic
En`do*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to the endoblast; as, the
endoblastic layer.
Endocardiac, Endocardial
En`do*car"di*ac (?), En`do*car"di*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the endocardium.
2. (Med.) Seated or generated within the heart; as, endocardial
murmurs.
Endocarditis
En`do*car*di"tis (?), n. [NL. See -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the
endocardium.
Endocardium
En`do*car"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The membrane lining the
cavities of the heart.
Endocarp
En"do*carp (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. endocarpe.] (Bot.) The inner layer of
a ripened or fructified ovary.
Endochondral
En`do*chon"dral (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. (Physiol.) Growing or developing
within cartilage; -- applied esp. to developing bone.
Endochrome
En"do*chrome (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.) The coloring matter within
the cells of plants, whether green, red, yellow, or any other color.
Endoctrine
En*doc"trine (?), v. t. [Pref. en- + doctrine.] To teach; to
indoctrinate. [Obs.] Donne.
Endocyst
En"do*cyst (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The inner layer of the
cells of Bryozoa.
Endoderm
En"do*derm (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The inner layer of the
skin or integument of an animal. (b) The innermost layer of the
blastoderm and the structures derived from it; the hypoblast; the
entoblast. See Illust. of Ectoderm.
Endodermal, Endodermic
En`do*der"mal (?), En`do*der"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to
the endoderm.
Endodermis
En`do*der"mis (?), n. [NL. See Endoderm.] (Bot.) A layer of cells
forming a kind of cuticle inside of the proper cortical layer, or
surrounding an individual fibrovascular bundle.
Endogamous
En*dog"a*mous (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. Marrying within the same tribe; --
opposed to exogamous.
Endogamy
En*dog"a*my (?), n. Marriage only within the tribe; a custom
restricting a man in his choice of a wife to the tribe to which he
belongs; -- opposed to exogamy.
Endogen
En"do*gen (?), n. [Endo- + -gen: cf. F. endog\'8ane.] (Bot.) A plant
which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the
summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads, irregularly
distributed throughout the whole diameter, not forming annual layers,
and with no distinct pith. The leaves of the endogens have, usually,
parallel veins, their flowers are mostly in three, or some multiple of
three, parts, and their embryos have but a single cotyledon, with the
first leaves alternate. The endogens constitute one of the great
primary classes of plants, and included all palms, true lilies,
grasses, rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc. See Exogen.
Endogenesis
En`do*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Endo- + genesis.] (Biol.) Endogeny.
Endogenetic
En`do*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Endogenous.
Endogenous
En*dog"e*nous (?), a.
1. (Bot.) Increasing by internal growth and elongation at the summit,
instead of externally, and having no distinction of pith, wood, and
bark, as the rattan, the palm, the cornstalk.
2. (Biol.) Originating from within; increasing by internal growth.
Endogenous multiplication (Biol.), a method of cell formation, seen in
cells having a cell wall. The nucleus and protoplasm divide into two
distinct masses; these in turn become divided and subdivided, each
division becoming a new cell, until finally the original cell wall is
ruptured and the new cells are liberated (see Segmentation, and
Illust. of Cell Division, under Division). This mode of growth is
characteristic of many forms of cells, both animal and vegetable.
Endogenously
En*dog"e*nous*ly, adv. By endogenous growth.
Endogeny
En*dog"e*ny (?), n. [See Endogenesis.] (Biol.) Growth from within;
multiplication of cells by endogenous division, as in the development
of one or more cells in the interior of a parent cell.
Endognath
En"dog*nath (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The inner or principal
branch of the oral appendages of Crustacea. See Maxilla.
Endognathal
En*dog"na*thal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the endognath.
Endolymph
En"do*lymph (?), n. [Endo- + lymph: cf. F. endolymphe.] (Anat.) The
watery fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the internal
ear.
Endolymphangial
En"do*lym*phan"gi*al (?), a. [Endo- + lymphangial.] (Anat.) Within a
lymphatic vessel.
Endolymphatic
En"do*lym*phat"ic (?), a. [Endo- + lymphatic.] (Anat.) (a) Pertaining
to, or containing, endolymph; as, the endolymphatic duct. (b) Within a
lymphatic vessel; endolymphangial.
Endome
En*dome" (?), v. t. To cover as with a dome.
Endometritis
En`do*me*tri"tis (?), n. [NL. See Endometrium, and -itis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the endometrium.
Endometrium
En`do*me"tri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The membrane lining the
inner surface of the uterus, or womb.
Endomorph
En"do*morph (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Min.) A crystal of one species
inclosed within one of another, as one of rutile inclosed in quartz.
Endomysium
En`do*my"si*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The delicate bands of
connective tissue interspersed among muscular fibers.
Endoneurium
En`do*neu"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) The delicate bands of
connective tissue among nerve fibers.
Endoparasite
En`do*par"a*site (?), n. [Endo- + parasite.] (Zo\'94l.) Any parasite
which lives in the internal organs of an animal, as the tapeworms,
Trichina, etc.; -- opposed to ectoparasite. See Entozo\'94n. --
En`do*par`a*sit"ic (#), a.
_________________________________________________________________
Page 491
Endophl En`do*phl (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) The inner layer of the bark of
trees.
Endophragma
En`do*phrag"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A chitinous structure
above the nervous cord in the thorax of certain Crustacea.
Endophragmal
En`do*phrag"mal (?), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
endophragma.
Endophyllous
En*doph"yl*lous (?), a. [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.) Wrapped up within a leaf
or sheath.
Endoplasm
En"do*plasm (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) The protoplasm in the
interior of a cell.
Endoplasma
En`do*plas"ma (?), n. [NL. See Endoplasm.] (Biol.) Same as Entoplasm
and Endosarc.
Endoplast
En"do*plast (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) See Nucleus.
Endoplastica
En`do*plas"ti*ca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
Rhizopoda having a distinct nucleus, as the am
Endoplastule
En`do*plas"tule (?; 135), n. [A dim. fr. endo- + Gr. (Biol.) See
Nucleolus.
Endopleura
En`do*pleu"ra, n. [NL., fr. Gr. Pleura.] (Bot.) The inner coating of a
seed. See Tegmen.
Endopleurite
En`do*pleu"rite (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The portion of each
apodeme developed from the interepimeral membrane in certain
crustaceans.
Endopodite
En*dop"o*dite (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The internal or
principal branch of the locomotive appendages of Crustacea. See
Maxilliped.
Endorhiza
En`do*rhi"za (?), n.; pl. Endorhiz\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.) Any
monocotyledonous plant; -- so named because many monocotyledons have
an endorhizal embryo.
NOTE: &hand; En dorhiza was proposed by Richard as a substitute for
the term endogen, and exorhiza as a substitute for the term exogen;
but they have not been generally adopted.
Endorhizal, Endorhizous
En`do*rhi"zal (?), En`do*rhi"zous (?), a. (Bot.) Having the radicle of
the embryo sheathed by the cotyledon, through which the embryo bursts
in germination, as in many monocotyledonous plants.
Endorse
En*dorse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endorsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endorsing.] [Formerly endosse, fr. F. endosser to put on the back, to
endorse; pref. en- (L. in) + dos back, L. dorsum. See Dorsal, and cf.
Indorse.] Same as Indorse.
NOTE: &hand; Both endorse and indorse are used by good writers; but
the tendency is to the more general use of indorse and its
derivatives indorsee, indorser, and indorsement.
Endorse
En*dorse", n. (Her.) A subordinary, resembling the pale, but of one
fourth its width (according to some writers, one eighth).
Endorsee
En`dor*see" (?), n. Same as Indorsee.
Endorsement
En*dorse"ment (?), n. [Cf. F. endossement.] Same as Indorsement.
Endorser
En*dors"er (?), n. Same as Indorser.
Endosarc
En"do*sarc (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) The semifluid, granular
interior of certain unicellular organisms, as the inner layer of
sarcode in the am\'d2ba; entoplasm; endoplasta.
Endoscope
En"do*scope (?), n. [Endo- + -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for
examining the interior of the rectum, the urethra, and the bladder.
Endoscopy
En*dos"co*py (?), n. (Med.) The art or process of examining by means
of the endoscope.
Endoskeletal
En`do*skel"e*tal (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or connected with, the
endoskeleton; as, endoskeletal muscles.
Endoskeleton
En`do*skel"e*ton (?), n. [Endo- + skeleton.] (Anat.) The bony,
cartilaginous, or other internal framework of an animal, as
distinguished from the exoskeleton.
Endosmometer
En`dos*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Endosmose + -meter.] (Physics) An instrument
for measuring the force or amount of endosmotic action.
Endosmometric
En*dos`mo*met"ric (?), a. Pertaining to, or designed for, the
measurement of endosmotic action.
Endosmose, Endosmosis
En"dos*mose` (?), En`dos*mo"sis (?), n. [NL. endosmosis, fr. Gr.
endosmose.] (Physics) The transmission of a fluid or gas from without
inward in the phenomena, or by the process, of osmose.
Endosmosmic
En`dos*mos"mic (?), a. Endosmotic.
Endosmotic
En`dos*mot"ic (?), a. Pertaining to endosmose; of the nature
endosmose; osmotic. Carpenter.
Endosperm
En"do*sperm (?), n. [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.) The albumen of a seed; --
limited by recent writers to that formed within the embryo sac.
Endospermic
En`do*sper"mic (?), a. (Bot.) Relating to, accompanied by, or
containing, endosperm.
Endospore
En"