*The Project Gutenberg Etext of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary*
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   A.

                                       A

   A  (named  \'be  in  the  English,  and  most  commonly  \'84 in other
   languages).  The  first  letter  of  the  English  and  of  many other
   alphabets.  The  capital  A  of  the  alphabets  of Middle and Western
   Europe,  as  also  the  small letter (a), besides the forms in Italic,
   black  letter, etc., are all descended from the old Latin A, which was
   borrowed  from  the  Greek  Alpha, of the same form; and this was made
   from the first letter (Aleph, and itself from the Egyptian origin. The
   Aleph  was  a  consonant letter, with a guttural breath sound that was
   not  an  element  of  Greek  articulation;  and  the Greeks took it to
   represent  their  vowel  Alpha  with  the \'84 sound, the Ph\'d2nician
   alphabet having no vowel symbols. This letter, in English, is used for
   several  different vowel sounds. See Guide to pronunciation, §§ 43-74.
   The regular long a, as in fate, etc., is a comparatively modern sound,
   and has taken the place of what, till about the early part of the 17th
   century, was a sound of the quality of \'84 (as in far).

   2. (Mus.) The name of the sixth tone in the model major scale (that in
   C),  or the first tone of the minor scale, which is named after it the
   scale in A minor. The second string of the violin is tuned to the A in
   the  treble  staff.  --  A  sharp  (A#)  is the name of a musical tone
   intermediate  between  A  and  B. -- A flat (Ab) is the name of a tone
   intermediate between A and G.
   A per se (L. per se by itself), one pre\'89minent; a nonesuch. [Obs.]

     O  fair  Creseide,  the  flower  and  A  per se Of Troy and Greece.
     Chaucer.

                                       A

   A (# emph. #).

   1.  [Shortened  form  of  an.  AS.  \'ben one. See One.] An adjective,
   commonly called the indefinite article, and signifying one or any, but
   less emphatically. "At a birth"; "In a word"; "At a blow". Shak.

     NOTE: It is  placed before nouns of the singular number denoting an
     individual  object,  or a quality individualized, before collective
     nouns,  and  also before plural nouns when the adjective few or the
     phrase great many or good many is interposed; as, a dog, a house, a
     man;  a  color;  a sweetness; a hundred, a fleet, a regiment; a few
     persons,  a  great  many  days.  It is used for an, for the sake of
     euphony,  before  words  beginning  with  a  consonant  sound  [for
     exception  of certain words beginning with h, see An]; as, a table,
     a  woman,  a  year, a unit, a eulogy, a ewe, a oneness, such a one,
     etc. Formally an was used both before vowels and consonants.

   2.  [Originally  the preposition a (an, on).] In each; to or for each;
   as,  "twenty  leagues  a  day", "a hundred pounds a year", "a dollar a
   yard", etc.

                                       A

   A (#), prep. [Abbreviated form of an (AS. on). See On.]

   1.  In;  on;  at; by. [Obs.] "A God's name." "Torn a pieces." "Stand a
   tiptoe."  "A  Sundays"  Shak. "Wit that men have now a days." Chaucer.
   "Set them a work." Robynson (More's Utopia)

   2.  In  process  of;  in  the  act  of;  into; to; -- used with verbal
   substantives in -ing which begin with a consonant. This is a shortened
   form of the preposition an (which was used before the vowel sound); as
   in a hunting, a building, a begging. "Jacob, when he was a dying" Heb.
   xi. 21. "We'll a birding together." " It was a doing." Shak. "He burst
   out  a  laughing."  Macaulay. The hyphen may be used to connect a with
   the verbal substantive (as, a-hunting, a-building) or the words may be
   written  separately.  This form of expression is now for the most part
   obsolete,  the a being omitted and the verbal substantive treated as a
   participle.

                                       A

   A.  [From  AS.  of  off, from. See Of.] Of. [Obs.] "The name of John a
   Gaunt." "What time a day is it ?" Shak. "It's six a clock." B. Jonson.

                                       A

   A.  A  barbarous corruption of have, of he, and sometimes of it and of
   they. "So would I a done" "A brushes his hat." Shak.

                                       A

   A. An expletive, void of sense, to fill up the meter

     A merry heart goes all the day, Your sad tires in a mile-a. Shak.

                                      A-.

   A-.  A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from various sources.
   (1)  It  frequently  signifies  on or in (from an, a forms of AS. on),
   denoting  a state, as in afoot, on foot, abed, amiss, asleep, aground,
   aloft,  away (AS. onweg), and analogically, ablaze, atremble, etc. (2)
   AS. of off, from, as in adown (AS. ofd\'81ne off the dun or hill). (3)
   AS.  \'be-  (Goth.  us-,  ur-,  Ger. er-), usually giving an intensive
   force,  and sometimes the sense of away, on, back, as in arise, abide,
   ago.  (4)  Old  English  y-  or i- (corrupted from the AS. inseparable
   particle  ge-,  cognate  with  OHG.  ga-, gi-, Goth. ga-), which, as a
   prefix,  made  no  essential addition to the meaning, as in aware. (5)
   French \'85 (L. ad to), as in abase, achieve. (6) L. a, ab, abs, from,
   as  in avert. (7) Greek insep. prefix a without, or privative, not, as
   in abyss, atheist; akin to E. un-.

     NOTE: Besides th ese, there are other sources from which the prefix
     a takes its origin.

                                      A 1

   A  1  (#).  A  registry  mark given by underwriters (as at Lloyd's) to
   ships  in  first-class condition. Inferior grades are indicated by A 2
   and A 3.

     NOTE: A 1  is  al so ap plied colloquially to other things to imply
     superiority; prime; first-class; first-rate.

                                      Aam

   Aam  (#),  n.  [D. aam, fr. LL. ama; cf. L. hama a water bucket, Gr. A
   Dutch  and  German  measure  of  liquids, varying in different cities,
   being  at  Amsterdam  about  41  wine  gallons,  at Antwerp 36\'ab, at
   Hamburg 38\'ac. [Written also Aum and Awm.]

                                   Aard-vark

   Aard"-vark` (#), n. [D., earth-pig.] (Zo\'94l.) An edentate mammal, of
   the genus Orycteropus, somewhat resembling a pig, common in some parts
   of  Southern  Africa.  It burrows in the ground, and feeds entirely on
   ants, which it catches with its long, slimy tongue.

                                   Aard-wolf

   Aard"-wolf` (#), n. [D, earth-wolf] (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous quadruped
   (Proteles  Lalandii),  of  South Africa, resembling the fox and hyena.
   See Proteles.

                              Aaronic, Aaronical

   Aa*ron"ic  (#),  Aa*ron"ic*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to Aaron, the first
   high priest of the Jews.

                                  Aaron's rod

   Aar"on's rod` (#). [See Exodus vii. 9 and Numbers xvii. 8]

   1.  (Arch.)  A  rod  with one serpent twined around it, thus differing
   from the caduceus of Mercury, which has two.

   2.  (Bot.) A plant with a tall flowering stem; esp. the great mullein,
   or hag-taper, and the golden-rod.

                                      Ab-

   Ab- (#). [Latin prep., etymologically the same as E. of, off. See Of.]
   A  prefix  in  many  words  of Latin origin. It signifies from, away ,
   separating, or departure, as in abduct, abstract, abscond. See A-(6).

                                      Ab

   Ab  (#),  n.  [Of  Syriac  origin.] The fifth month of the Jewish year
   according  to  the ecclesiastical reckoning, the eleventh by the civil
   computation, coinciding nearly with August. W. Smith.

                                     Abaca

   Ab"a*ca  (#),  n.  [The  native  name.]  The  Manila-hemp  plant (Musa
   textilis); also, its fiber. See Manila hemp under Manila.

                                   Abacinate

   A*bac"i*nate  (#),  v.t.  [LL. abacinatus, p.p. of abacinare; ab off +
   bacinus  a  basin.]  To blind by a red-hot metal plate held before the
   eyes. [R.]

                                  Abacination

   A*bac`i*na"tion (#), n. The act of abacinating. [R.]

                                   Abaciscus

   Ab`a*cis"cus  (#), n. [Gr.Abacus.] (Arch.) One of the tiles or squares
   of a tessellated pavement; an abaculus.

                                    Abacist

   Ab"a*cist (#), n. [LL abacista, fr. abacus.] One who uses an abacus in
   casting accounts; a calculator.

                                     Aback

   A*back"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- + back; AS. on b\'91c at, on, or toward
   the back. See Back.]

   1.  Toward  the back or rear; backward. "Therewith aback she started."
   Chaucer.

   2. Behind; in the rear. Knolles. 

   3.  (Naut.)  Backward against the mast;-said of the sails when pressed
   by the wind. Totten.
   To be taken aback. (a) To be driven backward against the mast; -- said
   of  the sails, also of the ship when the sails are thus driven. (b) To
   be suddenly checked, baffled, or discomfited. Dickens.

                                     Aback

   Ab"ack (#), n. An abacus. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                   Abactinal

   Ab*ac"ti*nal  (#),  a.  [L. ab + E. actinal.] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to
   the  surface  or  end  opposite  to  the mouth in a radiate animal; --
   opposed to actinal. "The aboral or abactinal area." L. Agassiz.

                                   Abaction

   Ab*ac"tion (#), n. Stealing cattle on a large scale. [Obs.]

                                    Abactor

   Ab*ac"tor  (#), n. [L., fr. abigere to drive away; ab+agere to drive.]
   (Law)  One  who  steals  and  drives away cattle or beasts by herds or
   droves. [Obs.]

                                   Abaculus

   A*bac"u*lus  (#), n.; pl. Abaculi (#). [L., dim. of abacus.] (Arch.) A
   small  tile  of  glass, marble, or other substance, of various colors,
   used in making ornamental patterns in mosaic pavements. Fairholt.

                                    Abacus

   Ab"a*cus  (#),  n.>;  E.  pl. Abacuses ; L. pl. Abaci (#). [L. abacus,
   abax, Gr.

   1.  A  table  or  tray  strewn  with sand, anciently used for drawing,
   calculating, etc. [Obs.]

   2.  A  calculating  table  or  frame;  an  instrument  for  performing
   arithmetical  calculations  by  balls sliding on wires, or counters in
   grooves,  the  lowest  line representing units, the second line, tens,
   etc. It is still employed in China.

   3.  (Arch.)  (a)  The uppermost member or division of the capital of a
   column,  immediately  under  the architrave. See Column. (b) A tablet,
   panel, or compartment in ornamented or mosaic work.

   4.  A board, tray, or table, divided into perforated compartments, for
   holding  cups,  bottles,  or  the like; a kind of cupboard, buffet, or
   sideboard.
   Abacus harmonicus (Mus.), an ancient diagram showing the structure and
   disposition of the keys of an instrument. Crabb.

                                     Abada

   Ab"a*da  (#),  n. [Pg., the female rhinoceros.] The rhinoceros. [Obs.]
   Purchas.

                                    Abaddon

   A*bad"don  (#), n. [Heb. \'bebadd\'d3n destruction, abyss, fr. \'bebad
   to be lost, to perish.]

   1.  The  destroyer,  or  angel  of  the bottomless pit; -- the same as
   Apollyon and Asmodeus.

   2. Hell; the bottomless pit. [Poetic]

     In all her gates, Abaddon rues Thy bold attempt. Milton.

                                     Abaft

   A*baft"  (#),  prep.  [Pref.  a-on  +  OE.  baft, baften, biaften, AS.
   be\'91ftan;  be  by  +  \'91ftan  behind. See After, Aft, By.] (Naut.)
   Behind;  toward  the  stern  from; as, abaft the wheelhouse. Abaft the
   beam. See under Beam.

                                     Abaft

   A*baft", adv. (Naut.) Toward the stern; aft; as, to go abaft.

                                   Abaisance

   A*bai"sance  (#),  n.  [For  obeisance;  confused with F. abaisser, E.
   abase] Obeisance. [Obs.] Jonson.

                                    Abaiser

   A*bai"ser (#), n. Ivory black or animal charcoal. Weale.
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                                    Abaist

   A*baist" (#), p.p. Abashed; confounded; discomfited. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Abalienate

   Ab*al"ien*ate  (#),  v.t.  [L.  abalienatus,  p.p. of abalienare; ab +
   alienus foreign, alien. See Alien.]

   1.  (Civil  Law)  To  transfer  the  title  of from one to another; to
   alienate.

   2. To estrange; to withdraw. [Obs.]

   3. To cause alienation of (mind). Sandys.

                                 Abalienation

   Ab*al`ien*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L. abalienatio: cf. F. abalianation.] The
   act of abalienating; alienation; estrangement. [Obs.]

                                    Abalone

   Ab`a*lo"ne  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  univalve  mollusk  of  the  genus
   Haliotis.  The  shell  is  lined  with  mother-of-pearl,  and used for
   ornamental  purposes;  the sea-ear. Several large species are found on
   the coast of California, clinging closely to the rocks.

                                     Aband

   A*band" (#), v.t. [Contracted from abandon.]

   1. To abandon. [Obs.]

     Enforced the kingdom to aband. Spenser.

   2. To banish; to expel. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.

                                    Abandon

   A*ban"don  (#),  v.t.  [imp.  &  p.p.  Abandoned  (#);  p.pr.  & vb.n.
   Abandoning.]   [OF.   abandoner,   F.abandonner;   a   (L.  ad)+bandon
   permission,   authority,  LL.  bandum,  bannum,  public  proclamation,
   interdiction,  bannire  to  proclaim,  summon: of Germanic origin; cf.
   Goth.  bandwjan  to  show by signs, to designate OHG. banproclamation.
   The word meant to proclaim, put under a ban, put under control; hence,
   as  in OE., to compel, subject, or to leave in the control of another,
   and hence, to give up. See Ban.]

   1. To cast or drive out; to banish; to expel; to reject. [Obs.]

     That he might . . . abandon them from him. Udall.

     Being all this time abandoned from your bed. Shak.

   2.  To  give up absolutely; to forsake entirely ; to renounce utterly;
   to  relinquish  all  connection  with  or  concern on; to desert, as a
   person to whom one owes allegiance or fidelity; to quit; to surrender.

     Hope was overthrown, yet could not be abandoned. I. Taylor.

   3.   Reflexively  :  To  give  (one's  self)  up  without  attempt  at
   self-control  ;  to  yield (one's self) unrestrainedly ; -- often in a
   bad sense.

     He abandoned himself . . . to his favorite vice. Macaulay.

   4.  (Mar.  Law)  To  relinquish  all claim to; -- used when an insured
   person gives up to underwriters all claim to the property covered by a
   policy,  which  may  remain  after  loss  or damage by a peril insured
   against.  Syn.  -- To give up; yield; forego; cede; surrender; resign;
   abdicate;  quit; relinquish; renounce; desert; forsake; leave; retire;
   withdraw  from.  --  To Abandon, Desert, Forsake. These words agree in
   representing  a person as giving up or leaving some object, but differ
   as  to  the mode of doing it. The distinctive sense of abandon is that
   of  giving  up  a  thing  absolutely and finally; as, to abandon one's
   friends, places, opinions, good or evil habits, a hopeless enterprise,
   a  shipwrecked  vessel. Abandon is more widely applicable than forsake
   or  desert.  The  Latin  original  of  desert  appears  to  have  been
   originally  applied  to  the  case of deserters from military service.
   Hence, the verb, when used of persons in the active voice, has usually
   or  always a bad sense, implying some breach of fidelity, honor, etc.,
   the  leaving  of something which the person should rightfully stand by
   and  support;  as,  to  desert  one's colors, to desert one's post, to
   desert  one's  principles or duty. When used in the passive, the sense
   is  not  necessarily  bad;  as,  the  fields were deserted, a deserted
   village,  deserted halls. Forsake implies the breaking off of previous
   habit,  association,  personal  connection, or that the thing left had
   been  familiar  or  frequented; as, to forsake old friends, to forsake
   the  paths  of rectitude, the blood forsook his cheeks. It may be used
   either in a good or in a bad sense.

                                    Abandon

   A*ban"don,   n.   [F.   abandon.  fr.  abandonner.  See  Abandon,  v.]
   Abandonment; relinquishment. [Obs.]

                                    Abandon

   A`ban`don"  (#),  n. [F. See Abandon.] A complete giving up to natural
   impulses;  freedom  from  artificial  constraint;  careless freedom or
   ease.

                                   Abandoned

   A*ban"doned (#), a.

   1. Forsaken, deserted. "Your abandoned streams." Thomson.

   2.  Self-abandoned,  or given up to vice; extremely wicked, or sinning
   without  restraint;  irreclaimably  wicked ; as, an abandoned villain.
   Syn.  -- Profligate; dissolute; corrupt; vicious; depraved; reprobate;
   wicked;  unprincipled;  graceless;  vile.  --  Abandoned,  Profligate,
   Reprobate.  These  adjectives  agree  in  expressing the idea of great
   personal  depravity.  Profligate  has  reference to open and shameless
   immoralities,  either  in  private  life  or  political conduct; as, a
   profligate  court,  a  profligate ministry. Abandoned is stronger, and
   has  reference  to  the  searing  of conscience and hardening of heart
   produced by a man's giving himself wholly up to iniquity; as, a man of
   abandoned  character. Reprobate describes the condition of one who has
   become  insensible  to  reproof, and who is morally abandoned and lost
   beyond hope of recovery.

     God gave them over to a reprobate mind. Rom. i. 28.

                                  Abandonedly

   A*ban"doned*ly, adv. Unrestrainedly.

                                   Abandonee

   A*ban`don*ee" (#), n. (Law) One to whom anything is legally abandoned.

                                   Abandoner

   A*ban"don*er (#), n. One who abandons. Beau. & Fl.

                                  Abandonment

   A*ban"don*ment (#), n. [Cf. F. abandonnement.]

   1.  The  act  of  abandoning,  or  the state of being abandoned; total
   desertion; relinquishment.

     The abandonment of the independence of Europe. Burke.

   2. (Mar. Law) The relinquishment by the insured to the underwriters of
   what  may  remain  of the property insured after a loss or damage by a
   peril insured against.

   3.  (Com. Law) (a) The relinquishment of a right, claim, or privilege,
   as  to  mill  site, etc. (b) The voluntary leaving of a person to whom
   one  is  bound  by  a  special relation, as a wife, husband, or child;
   desertion.

   4. Careless freedom or ease; abandon. [R.] Carlyle.

                                    Abandum

   A*ban"*dum  (#),  n.  [LL.  See  Abandon.] (Law) Anything forfeited or
   confiscated.

                                    Abanet

   Ab"a*net (#), n. See Abnet.

                                    Abanga

   A*ban"ga  (#),  n.  [Name  given  by  the negroes in the island of St.
   Thomas.] A West Indian palm; also the fruit of this palm, the seeds of
   which are used as a remedy for diseases of the chest.

                            Abannation, Abannition

   Ab`an*na"tion  (#),  Ab`an*nition  (#),  n.  [LL.  abannatio; ad + LL.
   bannire to banish.] (Old Law) Banishment. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                Abarticulation

   Ab`ar*tic`u*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ab  +  E.  articulation  :  cf. F.
   abarticulation.  See Article.] (Anat.) Articulation, usually that kind
   of articulation which admits of free motion in the joint; diarthrosis.
   Coxe.

                                     Abase

   A*base"  (#), v.t. [imp.&p.p. Abased (#); p.pr. & vb. n. Abasing.] [F.
   abaisser,  LL. abassare, abbassare ; ad + bassare, fr. bassus low. See
   Base, a.]

   1.  To  lower or depress; to throw or cast down; as, to abase the eye.
   [Archaic] Bacon.

     Saying so, he abased his lance. Shelton.

   2.  To cast down or reduce low or lower, as in rank, office, condition
   in  life,  or  estimation  of  worthiness;  to  depress; to humble; to
   degrade.

     Whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased. Luke xiv. ll.

   Syn.  --  To  Abase, Debase, Degrade. These words agree in the idea of
   bringing down from a higher to a lower state. Abase has reference to a
   bringing  down in condition or feelings; as to abase one's self before
   God.  Debase  has reference to the bringing down of a thing in purity,
   or  making  it base. It is, therefore, always used in a bad sense, as,
   to  debase  the  coin  of  the  kingdom, to debase the mind by vicious
   indulgence,  to  debase  one's  style by coarse or vulgar expressions.
   Degrade  has  reference  to  a bringing down from some higher grade or
   from  some  standard.  Thus,  a  priest  is degraded from the clerical
   office.  When  used  in  a  moral sense, it denotes a bringing down in
   character  and  just  estimation;  as,  degraded  by  intemperance,  a
   degrading  employment,  etc. "Art is degraded when it is regarded only
   as a trade."

                                    Abased

   A*based" (#), a.

   1. Lowered; humbled.

   2.  (Her.)  [F.  abaiss\'82.] Borne lower than usual, as a fess; also,
   having  the ends of the wings turned downward towards the point of the
   shield.

                                   Abasedly

   A*bas"ed*ly (#), adv. Abjectly; downcastly.

                                   Abasement

   A*base"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  abaissement.]  The  act  of  abasing,
   humbling,  or  bringing  low;  the  state  of being abased or humbled;
   humiliation.

                                    Abaser

   A*bas"er (#), n. He who, or that which, abases.

                                     Abash

   A*bash"  (#), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abashed (#); p.pr. & vb. n. Abashing.]
   [OE.  abaissen,  abaisshen,  abashen,  OF.esbahir,  F.  \'82bahir,  to
   astonish,  fr.  L. ex + the interjection bah, expressing astonishment.
   In  OE.  somewhat  confused  with  abase.  Cf. Finish.] To destroy the
   self-possession  of; to confuse or confound, as by exciting suddenly a
   consciousness  of  guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to put to shame; to
   disconcert; to discomfit.

     Abashed, the devil stood, And felt how awful goodness is. Milton.

     He was a man whom no check could abash. Macaulay.

   Syn. -- To confuse; confound; disconcert; shame. -- To Abash, Confuse,
   Confound.  Abash is a stronger word than confuse, but not so strong as
   confound.  We are abashed when struck either with sudden shame or with
   a humbling sense of inferiority; as, Peter was abashed in the presence
   of  those  who  are  greatly his superiors. We are confused when, from
   some  unexpected or startling occurrence, we lose clearness of thought
   and  self-possession.  Thus,  a  witness is often confused by a severe
   cross-examination;  a timid person is apt to be confused in entering a
   room  full  of  strangers.  We  are  confounded  when  our  minds  are
   overwhelmed,  as  it  were,  by  something wholly unexpected, amazing,
   dreadful,  etc.,  so  that we have nothing to say. Thus, a criminal is
   usually confounded at the discovery of his guilt.

     Satan stood Awhile as mute, confounded what to say. Milton.

                                   Abashedly

   A*bash"ed*ly (#), adv. In an abashed manner.

                                   Abashment

   A*bash"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  \'82bahissement.]  The state of being
   abashed; confusion from shame.

                                Abassi, Abassis

   A*bas"si  (#),  A*bas"sis (#), n. [Ar.& Per. ab\'bes\'c6, belonging to
   Abas  (a king of Persia).] A silver coin of Persia, worth about twenty
   cents.

                                   Abatable

   A*bat"a*ble  (#),  a. Capable of being abated; as, an abatable writ or
   nuisance.

                                     Abate

   A*bate"  (#),  v.t.  [imp.&  p.p. Abated, p.pr. & vb.n. Abating.] [OF.
   abatre  to  beat  down,  F.  abattre,  LL. abatere; ab or ad + batere,
   battere (popular form for L. batuere to beat). Cf. Bate, Batter.]

   1. To beat down; to overthrow. [Obs.]

     The King of Scots . . . sore abated the walls. Edw. Hall.

   2.  To bring down or reduce from a higher to a lower state, number, or
   degree;  to  lessen;  to  diminish; to contract; to moderate; toto cut
   short; as, to abate a demand; to abate pride, zeal, hope.

     His eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated. Deut. xxxiv. 7.

   3. To deduct; to omit; as, to abate something from a price.

     Nine thousand parishes, abating the odd hundreds. Fuller.

   4. To blunt. [Obs.]

     To abate the edge of envy. Bacon.

   5. To reduce in estimation; to deprive. [Obs.]

     She hath abated me of half my train. Shak.

   6. (Law) (a) To bring entirely down or put an end to; to do away with;
   as,  to abate a nuisance, to abate a writ. (b) (Eng. Law) To diminish;
   to reduce. Legacies are liable to be abated entirely or in proportion,
   upon a deficiency of assets.
   To abate a tax, to remit it either wholly or in part.

                                     Abate

   A*bate" (#), v.i. [See Abate, v.t.]

   1.  To  decrease,  or  become  less  in strength or violence; as, pain
   abates, a storm abates.

     The fury of Glengarry . . . rapidly abated. Macaulay.

   2.  To be defeated, or come to naught; to fall through; to fail; as, a
   writ abates.
   To  abate  into  a  freehold, To abate in lands (Law), to enter into a
   freehold  after  the  death of the last possessor, and before the heir
   takes  possession.  See  Abatement,  4.  Syn. -- To subside; decrease;
   intermit;  decline;  diminish;  lessen.  --  To  Abate, Subside. These
   words,  as  here  compared,  imply  a coming down from some previously
   raised  or  exited  state. Abate expresses this in respect to degrees,
   and  implies  a  diminution  of  force  or of intensity; as, the storm
   abates,  the  cold  abates, the force of the wind abates; or, the wind
   abates,  a  fever  abates. Subside (to settle down) has reference to a
   previous  state of agitation or commotion; as, the waves subside after
   a  storm,  the  wind  subsides  into  a  calm. When the words are used
   figuratively,  the same distinction should be observed. If we conceive
   of  a  thing as having different degrees of intensity or strength, the
   word to be used is abate. Thus we say, a man's anger abates, the ardor
   of  one's  love abates, "Winter rage abates". But if the image be that
   of  a  sinking down into quiet from preceding excitement or commotion,
   the word to be used is subside; as, the tumult of the people subsides,
   the  public mind subsided into a calm. The same is the case with those
   emotions  which  are  tumultuous  in  their  nature;  as,  his passion
   subsides, his joy quickly subsided, his grief subsided into a pleasing
   melancholy.  Yet  if, in such cases, we were thinking of the degree of
   violence of the emotion, we might use abate; as, his joy will abate in
   the progress of time; and so in other instances.

                                     Abate

   A*bate (#), n. Abatement. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Abatement

   A*bate"ment (#), n. [OF. abatement, F. abattement.]

   1.  The  act  of  abating,  or the state of being abated; a lessening,
   diminution,  or  reduction;  removal  or  putting  an  end to; as, the
   abatement of a nuisance is the suppression thereof.

   2.  The  amount  abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction;
   deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed.

   3. (Her.) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon.

   4. (Law) The entry of a stranger, without right, into a freehold after
   the  death  of  the  last  possessor,  before  the  heir  or  devisee.
   Blackstone.
   Defense  in  abatement,  Plea  in abatement, (Law), plea to the effect
   that from some formal defect (e.g. misnomer, want of jurisdiction) the
   proceedings should be abated.

                                    Abater

   A*bat"er (#), n. One who, or that which, abates.

                                Abatis, Abattis

   Ab"a*tis, Aba"t*tis, (#) n. [F. abatis, abattis, mass of things beaten
   or  cut  down,  fr.  abattre.  See  Abate.] (Fort.) A means of defense
   formed  by  felled trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and
   directed outwards, or against the enemy.

                                   Abatised

   Ab"a*tised (#), a. Provided with an abatis.

                                    Abator

   A*ba"tor  (#),  n.  (Law)  (a) One who abates a nuisance. (b) A person
   who,  without  right,  enters into a freehold on the death of the last
   possessor, before the heir or devisee. Blackstone.

                                   Abattoir

   A`bat`toir" (#), n.; pl. Abattoirs (#). [F., fr. abattre to beat down.
   See Abate.] A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc.

                                    Abature

   Ab"a*ture  (#),  n.  [F.  abatture, fr. abattre. See Abate.] Grass and
   sprigs beaten or trampled down by a stag passing through them. Crabb.

                                   Abatvoix

   A`bat`voix"  (#),  n.  [F.  abattre  to  beat  down + voix voice.] The
   sounding-board over a pulpit or rostrum.

                                    Abawed

   Ab*awed"  (#), p.p. [Perh. p.p. of a verb fr. OF. abaubir to frighten,
   disconcert,  fr.  L.  ad  +  balbus  stammering.] Astonished; abashed.
   [Obs.] Chaucer.

                               Abaxial, Abaxile

   Ab*ax"i*al  (#),  Ab*ax"ile  (#),  a. [L. ab + axis axle.] (Bot.) Away
   from the axis or central line; eccentric. Balfour.

                                     Abay

   A*bay"  (#), n. [OF. abay barking.] Barking; baying of dogs upon their
   prey. See Bay. [Obs.]

                                      Abb

   Abb  (#),  n.  [AS.  \'beweb,  \'beb;  pref. a- + web. See Web.] Among
   weaves, yarn for the warp. Hence, abb wool is wool for the abb.

                                     Abba

   Ab"ba  (#),  n.  [Syriac abb\'be father. See Abbot.] Father; religious
   superior;  --  in  the  Syriac, Coptic, and Ethiopic churches, a title
   given to the bishops, and by the bishops to the patriarch.

                                    Abbacy

   Ab"ba*cy  (#),  n.; pl. Abbacies (#). [L. abbatia, fr. abbas, abbatis,
   abbot. See Abbey.] The dignity, estate, or jurisdiction of an abbot.

                                   Abbatial

   Ab*ba"tial (#), a. [LL. abbatialis : cf. F. abbatial.] Belonging to an
   abbey; as, abbatial rights.

                                   Abbatical

   Ab*bat"ic*al (#), a. Abbatial. [Obs.]

                                    Abb\'82

   Ab"b\'82` (#), n.[F. abb\'82. See Abbot.] The French word answering to
   the  English  abbot,  the  head  of  an abbey; but commonly a title of
   respect  given  in  France to every one vested with the ecclesiastical
   habit or dress.

     NOTE: \'b5 Af ter th e 16 th century, the name was given, in social
     parlance, to candidates for some priory or abbey in the gift of the
     crown.  Many  of  these aspirants became well known in literary and
     fashionable life. By further extension, the name came to be applied
     to unbeneficed secular ecclesiastics generally.

   Littr\'82.

                                    Abbess

   Ab"bess  (#),  n. [OF.abaesse, abeesse, F. abbesse, L. abbatissa, fem.
   of  abbas,  abbatis, abbot. See Abbot.] A female superior or governess
   of  a  nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the
   nuns which the abbots have over the monks. See Abbey.

                                     Abbey

   Ab"bey  (#), n.; pl. Abbeys (#). [OF. aba\'8be, F. abbaye, L. abbatia,
   fr. abbas abbot. See Abbot.]

   1.  A monastery or society of persons of either sex, secluded from the
   world  and  devoted  to  religion  and  celibacy;  also,  the monastic
   building or buildings.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e me n ar e called monks, and governed by an abbot;
     the women are called nuns, and governed by an abbess.

   2. The church of a monastery.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 3

     NOTE: In Lo  ndon, th e Ab bey me ans We stminster Ab bey, an d in 
     Scotland,  the precincts of the Abbey of Holyrood. The name is also
     retained  for  a  private  residence  on  the site of an abbey; as,
     Newstead Abbey, the residence of Lord Byron.

   Syn. -- Monastery; convent; nunnery; priory; cloister. See Cloister.

                                     Abbot

   Ab"bot  (#),  n.  [AS.  abbod,  abbad,  L. abbas, abbatis, Gr. abb\'be
   father. Cf. Abba, Abb\'90.]

   1. The superior or head of an abbey.

   2.  One  of a class of bishops whose sees were formerly abbeys. Encyc.
   Brit.
   Abbot  of  the  people.  a  title  formerly  given to one of the chief
   magistrates  in  Genoa.  --  Abbot of Misrule (or Lord of Misrule), in
   medi\'91val  times, the master of revels, as at Christmas; in Scotland
   called the Abbot of Unreason. Encyc. Brit.

                                   Abbotship

   Ab"bot*ship (#), n. [Abbot + -ship.] The state or office of an abbot.

                                  Abbreviate

   Ab*bre"vi*ate  (#),  v.t.  [imp. & p.p. Abbreviated (#); p.pr. & vb.n.
   Abbreviating.]  [L.  abbreviatus, p.p. of abbreviare; ad + breviare to
   shorten, fr. brevis short. See Abridge.]

   1.  To  make briefer; to shorten; to abridge; to reduce by contraction
   or omission, especially of words written or spoken.

     It  is  one  thing to abbreviate by contracting, another by cutting
     off. Bacon.

     2. (Math.) To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.

                                  Abbreviate

     Ab*bre"vi*ate (#), a. [L. abbreviatus, p.p.]

     1.  Abbreviated;  abridged;  shortened. [R.] "The abbreviate form."
     Earle.

     2.  (Biol.) Having one part relatively shorter than another or than
     the ordinary type.

                                  Abbreviate

     Ab*bre"vi*ate, n. An abridgment. [Obs.] Elyot.

                                  Abbreviated

     Ab*bre"vi*a`ted (#), a. Shortened; relatively short; abbreviate.

                                 Abbreviation

     Ab*bre`vi*a"tion (#), n. [LL. abbreviatio: cf. F. abbr\'82viation.]

     1. The act of shortening, or reducing.

     2. The result of abbreviating; an abridgment. Tylor.

     3. The form to which a word or phrase is reduced by contraction and
     omission;  a  letter  or  letters, standing for a word or phrase of
     which  they  are  a  part;  as, Gen. for Genesis; U.S.A. for United
     States of America.

     4.  (Mus.)  One dash, or more, through the stem of a note, dividing
     it  respectively  into  quavers,  semiquavers, or demi-semiquavers.
     Moore.

                                  Abbreviator

     Ab*bre"vi*a`tor (#), n. [LL.: cf. F. abbr\'82viateur.]

     1. One who abbreviates or shortens.

     2.  One  of  a  college  of seventy-two officers of the papal court
     whose  duty  is to make a short minute of a decision on a petition,
     or  reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the minute
     into official form.

                                 Abbreviatory

     Ab*bre"vi*a*to*ry   (#),  a.  Serving  or  tending  to  abbreviate;
     shortening; abridging.

                                 Abbreviature

     Ab*bre"vi*a*ture (#), n.

     1. An abbreviation; an abbreviated state or form. [Obs.]

     2. An abridgment; a compendium or abstract.

     This is an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a Christian.
     Jer. Taylor.

                                   Abb wool

     Abb" wool (#). See Abb.

                                     A B C

     A B C" (#).

     1.  The  first  three  letters  of the alphabet, used for the whole
     alphabet.

     2.  A  primer  for  teaching  the  alphabet  and  first elements of
     reading. [Obs.]

     3. The simplest rudiments of any subject; as, the A B C of finance.

   A B C book, a primer. Shak.

                                     Abdal

   Ab"dal  (#),  n.  [Ar.  bad\'c6l,  pl. abd\'bel, a substitute, a good,
   religious  man,  saint, fr. badala to change, substitute.] A religious
   devotee or dervish in Persia.

                                   Abderian

   Ab*de"ri*an  (#),  a.  [From  Abdera, a town in Thrace, of which place
   Democritus,   the  Laughing  Philosopher,  was  a  native.]  Given  to
   laughter; inclined to foolish or incessant merriment.

                                   Abderite

   Ab*de"rite (#), n. [L. Abderita, Abderites, fr. Gr. ' An inhabitant of
   Abdera, in Thrace. The Abderite, Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher.

                                    Abdest

   Ab"dest  (#),  n. [Per. \'bebdast; ab water + dast hand.] Purification
   by washing the hands before prayer; -- a Mohammedan rite. Heyse.

                                   Abdicable

   Ab"di*ca*ble (#), a. Capable of being abdicated.

                                   Abdicant

   Ab"di*cant  (#),  a.  [L.  abdicans,  p.pr.  of abdicare.] Abdicating;
   renouncing; -- followed by of.

     Monks abdicant of their orders. Whitlock.

                                   Abdicant

   Ab"di*cant, n. One who abdicates. Smart.

                                   Abdicate

   Ab"di*cate  (#),  v.t.  [imp.  &  p.p.  Abdicated  (#);  p.pr. & vb.n.
   Abdicating.] [L. abdicatus, p.p. of abdicare; ab + dicare to proclaim,
   akin to dicere to say. See Diction.]

   1.  To  surrender  or  relinquish,  as  sovereign  power;  to withdraw
   definitely  from  filling  or  exercising,  as a high office, station,
   dignity; as, to abdicate the throne, the crown, the papacy.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd ab dicate wa s held to mean, in the case of
     James II., to abandon without a formal surrender.

     The cross-bearers abdicated their service. Gibbon.

   2.  To  renounce;  to relinquish; -- said of authority, a trust, duty,
   right, etc.

     He abdicates all right to be his own governor. Burke.

     The understanding abdicates its functions. Froude.

   3. To reject; to cast off. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

   4.  (Civil Law) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his
   child;  to  disown;  to  disinherit. Syn. -- To give up; quit; vacate;
   relinquish;   forsake;   abandon;  resign;  renounce;  desert.  --  To
   Abdicate,  Resign. Abdicate commonly expresses the act of a monarch in
   voluntary  and  formally  yielding  up  sovereign  authority;  as,  to
   abdicate  the  government. Resign is applied to the act of any person,
   high  or  low, who gives back an office or trust into the hands of him
   who  conferred  it.  Thus,  a  minister  resigns,  a  military officer
   resigns,  a  clerk  resigns.  The  expression,  "The king resigned his
   crown,"  sometimes  occurs  in  our later literature, implying that he
   held it from his people. -- There are other senses of resign which are
   not here brought into view.

                                   Abdicate

   Ab"di*cate (#), v.i. To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high
   office or dignity.

     Though  a  king may abdicate for his own person, he cannot abdicate
     for the monarchy. Burke.

                                  Abdication

   Ab`di*ca"tion  (#),  n.  [L. abdicatio: cf. F. abdication.] The act of
   abdicating;  the  renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by
   its  holder;  commonly  the voluntary renunciation of sovereign power;
   as, abdication of the throne, government, power, authority.

                                  Abdicative

   Ab"di*ca*tive   (#),   a.  [L.  abdicativus.]  Causing,  or  implying,
   abdication. [R.] Bailey.

                                   Abdicator

   Ab"di*ca`tor (#), n. One who abdicates.

                                   Abditive

   Ab"di*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  abditivus,  fr. abdere to hide.] Having the
   quality of hiding. [R.] Bailey.

                                   Abditory

   Ab"di*to*ry  (#), n. [L. abditorium.] A place for hiding or preserving
   articles of value. Cowell.

                                    Abdomen

   Ab*do"men  (#),  n.  [L. abdomen (a word of uncertain etymol.): cf. F.
   abdomen.]

   1.  (Anat.) The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and
   the  pelvis.  Also,  the  cavity  of  the belly, which is lined by the
   peritoneum,  and  contains  the stomach, bowels, and other viscera. In
   man,  often  restricted  to  the  part  between  the diaphragm and the
   commencement  of  the  pelvis,  the  remainder being called the pelvic
   cavity.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) The posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in
   insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda.

                                   Abdominal

   Ab*dom"i*nal (#), a. [Cf. F. abdominal.]

   1.  Of  or  pertaining  to  the  abdomen;  ventral;  as, the abdominal
   regions, muscles, cavity.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Having abdominal fins; belonging to the Abdominales; as,
   abdominal fishes.
   Abdominal ring (Anat.), a fancied ringlike opening on each side of the
   abdomen,  external  and superior to the pubes; -- called also inguinal
   ring.
   
                                   Abdominal
                                       
   Ab*dom"i*nal, n.; E. pl. Abdominals, L. pl. Abdominales. A fish of the
   group Abdominales. 

                                  Abdominales

   Ab*dom`i*na"les  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  masc.  pl.]  (Zo\'94l.) A group
   including  the  greater  part  of  fresh-water fishes, and many marine
   ones, having the ventral fins under the abdomen behind the pectorals.

                                  Abdominalia

   Ab*dom`i*na"li*a  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., neut. pl.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   cirripeds having abdominal appendages.

                                 Abdominoscopy

   Ab*dom`i*nos"co*py (#), n. [L. abdomen + Gr. (Med.) Examination of the
   abdomen to detect abdominal disease.

                               Abdominothoracic

   Ab*dom`i*no*tho*rac"ic (#), a. Relating to the abdomen and the thorax,
   or chest.

                                  Abdominous

   Ab*dom"i*nous (#), a. Having a protuberant belly; pot-bellied.

     Gorgonius sits, abdominous and wan, Like a fat squab upon a Chinese
     fan. Cowper.

                                    Abduce

   Ab*duce"  (#), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abduced (#); p.pr. & vb.n. Abducing.]
   [L.  abducere  to  lead  away;  ab + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf.
   Abduct.]  To draw or conduct away; to withdraw; to draw to a different
   part. [Obs.]

     If  we  abduce  the  eye  unto  either  corner, the object will not
     duplicate. Sir T. Browne.

                                    Abduct

   Ab*duct"   (#),  v.t.  [imp.  &  p.p.  Abducted  (#);  p.pr.  &  vb.n.
   Abducting.] [L. abductus, p.p. of abducere. See Abduce.]

   1.  To  take  away  surreptitiously  by  force; to carry away (a human
   being) wrongfully and usually by violence; to kidnap.

   2. To draw away, as a limb or other part, from its ordinary position.

                                   Abduction

   Ab*duc"tion (#), n. [L. abductio: cf. F. abduction.]

   1. The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; a carrying away.
   Roget.

   2.  (Physiol.)  The movement which separates a limb or other part from
   the axis, or middle line, of the body.

   3.  (Law)  The  wrongful,  and usually the forcible, carrying off of a
   human  being;  as,  the  abduction  of  a  child,  the abduction of an
   heiress.

   4.  (Logic)  A  syllogism  or  form  of argument in which the major is
   evident, but the minor is only probable.

                                   Abductor

   Ab*duc"tor (#), n. [NL.]

   1. One who abducts.

   2.  (Anat.)  A  muscle  which  serves  to draw a part out, or form the
   median  line  of the body; as, the abductor oculi, which draws the eye
   outward.

                                     Abeam

   A*beam"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + beam.] (Naut.) On the beam, that is, on
   a line which forms a right angle with the ship's keel; opposite to the
   center of the ship's side.

                                     Abear

   A*bear" (#), v.t. [AS. \'beberan; pref. \'be- + beran to bear.]

   1. To bear; to behave. [Obs.]

     So did the faery knight himself abear. Spenser.

   2. To put up with; to endure. [Prov.] Dickens.

                                   Abearance

   A*bear"ance (#), n. Behavior. [Obs.] Blackstone.

                                   Abearing

   A*bear"ing, n. Behavior. [Obs.] Sir. T. More.

                                  Abecedarian

   A`be*ce*da"ri*an  (#),  n. [L. abecedarius. A word from the first four
   letters of the alphabet.]

   1. One who is learning the alphabet; hence, a tyro.

   2. One engaged in teaching the alphabet. Wood.

                            Abecedarian, Abecedary

   A`be*ce*da"ri*an,  A`be*ce"da*ry  (#), a. Pertaining to, or formed by,
   the   letters   of   the  alphabet;  alphabetic;  hence,  rudimentary.
   Abecedarian psalms, hymns, etc., compositions in which (like the 119th
   psalm  in Hebrew) distinct portions or verses commence with successive
   letters of the alphabet. Hook.

                                   Abecedary

   A`be*ce"da*ry  (#),  n.  A  primer; the first principle or rudiment of
   anything. [R.] Fuller.

                                     Abed

   A*bed" (#), adv. [Pref. a- in, on + bed.]

   1. In bed, or on the bed.

     Not to be abed after midnight. Shak.

   2.  To childbed (in the phrase "brought abed," that is, delivered of a
   child). Shak.

                                    Abegge

   A*beg"ge (#). Same as Aby. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Abele

   A*bele" (#), n. [D. abeel (abeel-boom), OF. abel, aubel, fr. a dim. of
   L. albus white.] The white polar (Populus alba).

     Six abeles i' the churchyard grow. Mrs. Browning.

                          Abelian, Abelite, Abelonian

   A*bel"i*an (#), A"bel*ite (#), A`bel*o"ni*an (#), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One
   of  a  sect  in  Africa (4th century), mentioned by St. Augustine, who
   states  that  they married, but lived in continence, after the manner,
   as they pretended, of Abel.

                                   Abelmosk

   A"bel*mosk`  (#),  n.  [NL.  abelmoschus, fr. Ar. abu-l-misk father of
   musk,  i.e.,  producing  musk.  See  Musk.]  (Bot.) An evergreen shrub
   (Hibiscus  --  formerly  Abelmoschus-moschatus),  of the East and West
   Indies  and  Northern  Africa, whose musky seeds are used in perfumery
   and to flavor coffee; -- sometimes called musk mallow.

                                 Ab er-de-vine

   Ab`  er-de-vine"  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  The European siskin (Carduelis
   spinus), a small green and yellow finch, related to the goldfinch.

                                     Aberr

   Ab*err"  (#),  v.i.  [L. aberrare. See Aberrate.] To wander; to stray.
   [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                             Aberrance, Aberrancy

   Ab*er"rance  (#),  Ab*er"ran*cy  (#),  n.  State  of being aberrant; a
   wandering  from  the  right way; deviation from truth, rectitude, etc.
   Aberrancy  of  curvature  (Geom.),  the  deviation  of  a curve from a
   circular form.

                                   Aberrant

   Ab*er"rant  (#),  a.  [L.  aberrans,  -rantis, p.pr. of aberrare.] See
   Aberr.]

   1. Wandering; straying from the right way.

   2.  (Biol.)  Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; exceptional;
   abnormal.

     The  more  aberrant  any  form  is,  the greater must have been the
     number   of  connecting  forms  which,  on  my  theory,  have  been
     exterminated. Darwin.

                                   Aberrate

   Ab"er*rate  (#), v.i. [L. aberratus, p.pr. of aberrare; ab + errare to
   wander. See Err.] To go astray; to diverge. [R.]

     Their own defective and aberrating vision. De Quincey.

                                  Aberration

   Ab`er*ra"tion (#), n. [L. aberratio: cf. F. aberration. See Aberrate.]

   1.  The  act  of  wandering; deviation, especially from truth or moral
   rectitude,  from the natural state, or from a type. "The aberration of
   youth." Hall. "Aberrations from theory." Burke.

   2.   A  partial  alienation  of  reason.  "Occasional  aberrations  of
   intellect." Lingard.

     Whims,  which  at first are the aberrations of a single brain, pass
     with heat into epidemic form. I. Taylor.

   3.  (Astron.)  A  small periodical change of position in the stars and
   other  heavenly  bodies,  due  to the combined effect of the motion of
   light  and  the motion of the observer; called annual aberration, when
   the  observer's motion is that of the earth in its orbit, and dairy or
   diurnal  aberration,  when  of  the  earth on its axis; amounting when
   greatest,  in the former case, to 20.4'', and in the latter, to 0.3''.
   Planetary aberration is that due to the motion of light and the motion
   of the planet relative to the earth.

   4.  (Opt.)  The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of
   rays  of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation
   of  such  rays  from a single focus; called spherical aberration, when
   due  to  the  spherical  form  of the lens or mirror, such form giving
   different   foci   for   central  and  marginal  rays;  and  chromatic
   aberration, when due to different refrangibilities of the colored rays
   of the spectrum, those of each color having a distinct focus.

   5.  (Physiol.)  The  passage  of  blood  or other fluid into parts not
   appropriate for it.

   6.  (Law)  The producing of an unintended effect by the glancing of an
   instrument,  as when a shot intended for A glances and strikes B. Syn.
   --   Insanity;   lunacy;   madness;  derangement;  alienation;  mania;
   dementia; hallucination; illusion; delusion. See Insanity.

                                 Aberrational

   Ab`er*ra"tion*al (#), a. Characterized by aberration.

                                  Aberuncate

   Ab`e*run"cate   (#),   v.t.   [L.  aberuncare,  for  aberruncare.  See
   Averruncate.] To weed out. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Aberuncator

   Ab`e*run"ca*tor (#), n. A weeding machine.

                                     Abet

   A*bet"  (#),  v.t.  [imp. & p.p. Abetted (#); p.pr. & vb.n. Abetting.]
   [OF. abeter; a (L. ad) + beter to bait (as a bear), fr. Icel. beita to
   set  dogs on, to feed, originally, to cause to bite, fr. Icel. b\'c6ta
   to bite, hence to bait, to incite. See Bait, Bet.]

   1.  To  instigate or encourage by aid or countenance; -- used in a bad
   sense of persons and acts; as, to abet an ill-doer; to abet one in his
   wicked  courses;  to  abet  vice;  to abet an insurrection. "The whole
   tribe abets the villany." South.

     Would  not  the  fool abet the stealth, Who rashly thus exposed his
     wealth? Gay.

   2.  To  support,  uphold,  or  aid;  to  maintain; -- in a good sense.
   [Obs.].

     Our duty is urged, and our confidence abetted. Jer. Taylor.

   3.   (Law)To  contribute,  as  an  assistant  or  instigator,  to  the
   commission  of  an  offense. Syn. -- To incite; instigate; set on; egg
   on;  foment;  advocate;  countenance;  encourage; second; uphold; aid;
   assist; support; sustain; back; connive at.

                                     Abet

   A*bet"  (#),  n.  [OF. abet, fr. abeter.] Act of abetting; aid. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Abetment

   A*bet"ment  (#),  n.  The act of abetting; as, an abetment of treason,
   crime, etc.

                                    Abettal

   A*bet"tal (#), n. Abetment. [R.]
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   Page 4

                               Abetter, Abettor

   A*bet"ter,  A*bet*tor  (#),  n.  One  who  abets;  an instigator of an
   offense or an offender.

     NOTE: &hand; The form abettor is the legal term and also in general
     use.

   Syn.  --  Abettor, Accessory, Accomplice. These words denote different
   degrees  of  complicity  in  some deed or crime. An abettor is one who
   incites  or encourages to the act, without sharing in its performance.
   An  accessory  supposes  a  principal offender. One who is neither the
   chief actor in an offense, nor present at its performance, but accedes
   to  or  becomes  involved  in  its  guilt,  either by some previous or
   subsequent act, as of instigating, encouraging, aiding, or concealing,
   etc.,  is  an  accessory. An accomplice is one who participates in the
   commission  of  an offense, whether as principal or accessory. Thus in
   treason,  there are no abettors or accessories, but all are held to be
   principals or accomplices.

                                 Abevacuation

   Ab`e*vac"u*a"tion  (#),  n. [Pref. ab- + evacuation.] (Med.) A partial
   evacuation. Mayne.

                                   Abeyance

   A*bey"ance  (#),  n.  [OF.  abeance  expectation, longing; a (L. ad) +
   baer, beer, to gape, to look with open mouth, to expect, F. bayer, LL.
   badare to gape.]

   1. (Law) Expectancy; condition of being undetermined.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh en th ere is  no  pe rson in  ex istence in whom an
     inheritance  (or a dignity) can vest, it is said to be in abeyance,
     that   is,  in  expectation;  the  law  considering  it  as  always
     potentially  existing,  and  ready  to vest whenever a proper owner
     appears.

   Blackstone.

   2. Suspension; temporary suppression.

     Keeping  the  sympathies of love and admiration in a dormant state,
     or state of abeyance. De Quincey.

                                   Abeyancy

   A*bey"an*cy (#), n. Abeyance. [R.] Hawthorne.

                                    Abeyant

   A*bey"ant (#), a. Being in a state of abeyance.

                                     Abhal

   Ab"hal (#), n. The berries of a species of cypress in the East Indies.

                                  Abhominable

   Ab*hom"i*na*ble (#), a. Abominable.

     NOTE: [A fa lse or thography an ciently us ed; h  wa s foisted into
     various words; hence abholish, for abolish, etc.]

     This  is  abhominable, which he [Don Armado] would call abominable.
     Shak. Love's Labor's Lost, v. 1.

                                   Abhominal

   Ab*hom`i*nal  (#), a. [L. ab away from + homo, hominis, man.] Inhuman.
   [Obs.] Fuller.

                                     Abhor

   Ab*hor"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abhorred (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abhorring.]  [L.  abhorrere; ab + horrere to bristle, shiver, shudder:
   cf. F. abhorrer. See Horrid.]

   1.  To  shrink  back  with  shuddering  from; to regard with horror or
   detestation;  to  feel  excessive  repugnance  toward;  to  detest  to
   extremity; to loathe.

     Abhor  that  which is evil; cleave to that which is good. Rom. xii.
     9.

   2. To fill with horror or disgust. [Obs.]

     It doth abhor me now I speak the word. Shak.

   3. (Canon Law) To protest against; to reject solemnly. [Obs.]

     I utterly abhor, yea, from my soul Refuse you for my judge. Shak.

   Syn. -- To hate; detest; loathe; abominate. See Hate.

                                     Abhor

   Ab*hor",  v. i. To shrink back with horror, disgust, or dislike; to be
   contrary  or averse; -- with from. [Obs.] "To abhor from those vices."
   Udall.

     Which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law. Milton.

                                  Abhorrence

   Ab*hor"rence  (#),  n.  Extreme  hatred or detestation; the feeling of
   utter dislike.

                                  Abhorrency

   Ab*hor"ren*cy (#), n. Abhorrence. [Obs.] Locke.

                                   Abhorrent

   Ab*hor"rent (#), a. [L. abhorens, -rentis, p. pr. of abhorrere.]

   1.  Abhorring;  detesting;  having  or  showing  abhorrence; loathing;
   hence, strongly opposed to; as, abhorrent thoughts.

     The persons most abhorrent from blood and treason. Burke.

     The arts of pleasure in despotic courts I spurn abhorrent. Clover.

   2. Contrary or repugnant; discordant; inconsistent; -- followed by to.
   "Injudicious  profanation,  so  abhorrent to our stricter principles."
   Gibbon.

   3. Detestable. "Pride, abhorrent as it is." I. Taylor.

                                  Abhorrently

   Ab*hor"rent*ly, adv. With abhorrence.

                                   Abhorrer

   Ab*hor"rer (#), n. One who abhors. Hume.

                                  Abhorrible

   Ab*hor"ri*ble (#), a. Detestable. [R.]

                                   Abhorring

   Ab*hor"ring (#), n.

   1. Detestation. Milton.

   2. Object of abhorrence. Isa. lxvi. 24.

                                     Abib

   A"bib  (#),  n.  [Heb.  ab\'c6b, lit. an ear of corn. The month was so
   called  from barley being at that time in ear.] The first month of the
   Jewish  ecclesiastical  year, corresponding nearly to our April. After
   the Babylonish captivity this month was called Nisan. Kitto.

                                   Abidance

   A*bid"ance   (#),   n.  The  state  of  abiding;  abode;  continuance;
   compliance (with).

     The  Christians  had  no  longer  abidance  in  the  holy  hill  of
     Palestine. Fuller.

     A judicious abidance by rules. Helps.

                                     Abide

   A*bide" (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abode (#), formerly Abid(#); p. pr. &
   vb. n. Abiding (#).] [AS. \'beb\'c6dan; pref. \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, G.
   er-, orig. meaning out) + b\'c6dan to bide. See Bide.]

   1. To wait; to pause; to delay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2.  To stay; to continue in a place; to have one's abode; to dwell; to
   sojourn;  --  with  with  before  a person, and commonly with at or in
   before a place.

     Let the damsel abide with us a few days. Gen. xxiv. 55.

   3.  To remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to continue;
   to remain.

     Let every man abide in the same calling. 1 Cor. vii. 20.

   Followed by by: To abide by. (a) To stand to; to adhere; to maintain.

     The  poor  fellow  was obstinate enough to abide by what he said at
     first. Fielding.

   (b)  To  acquiesce;  to  conform  to; as, to abide by a decision or an
   award.

                                     Abide

   A*bide", v. t.

   1.  To  wait  for;  to  be prepared for; to await; to watch for; as, I
   abide my time. "I will abide the coming of my lord." Tennyson.

     NOTE: [[Obs.], with a personal object.

     Bonds and afflictions abide me. Acts xx. 23.

   2. To endure; to sustain; to submit to.

     [Thou] shalt abide her judgment on it. Tennyson.

   3. To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up with.

     She could not abide Master Shallow. Shak.

   4.

     NOTE: [Confused with aby to pay for. See Aby.]

   To stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for.

     Dearly I abide that boast so vain. Milton.

                                    Abider

   A*bid"er (#), n.

   1.  One  who  abides,  or  continues.  [Obs.] "Speedy goers and strong
   abiders." Sidney.

   2. One who dwells; a resident. Speed.

                                    Abiding

   A*bid"ing, a. Continuing; lasting.

                                   Abidingly

   A*bid"ing*ly, adv. Permanently. Carlyle.

                                     Abies

   A"bi*es  (#),  n.  [L., fir tree.] (Bot.) A genus of coniferous trees,
   properly called Fir, as the balsam fir and the silver fir. The spruces
   are sometimes also referred to this genus.

                                   Abietene

   Ab"i*e*tene  (#),  n.  [L. abies, abietis, a fir tree.] A volatile oil
   distilled  from  the resin or balsam of the nut pine (Pinus sabiniana)
   of California.

                                    Abietic

   Ab`i*et"ic  (#),  a. Of or pertaining to the fir tree or its products;
   as, abietic acid, called also sylvic acid. Watts.

                               Abietin, Abietine

   Ab"i*e*tin,  Ab"i*e*tine  (#),  n.  [See Abietene.] (Chem.) A resinous
   obtained  from  Strasburg  turpentine  or Canada balsam. It is without
   taste  or  smell,  is  insoluble  in  water,  but  soluble  in alcohol
   (especially  at  the  boiling  point),  in  strong acetic acid, and in
   ether. Watts.

                                   Abietinic

   Ab`i*e*tin"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to abietin; as, abietinic acid.

                                   Abietite

   Ab"i*e*tite  (#),  n. (Chem.) A substance resembling mannite, found in
   the needles of the common silver fir of Europe (Abies pectinata). Eng.
   Cyc.

                                    Abigail

   Ab"i*gail  (#),  n. [The proper name used as an appellative.] A lady's
   waiting-maid. Pepys.

     Her  abigail reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had a set of night curls
     for sleeping in. Leslie.

                                   Abiliment

   A*bil"i*ment (#), n. Habiliment. [Obs.]

                                    Ability

   A*bil"i*ty   (#),  n.;  pl.  Abilities(#).  [F.  habilet\'82,  earlier
   spelling  habilit\'82 (with silent h), L. habilitas aptitude, ability,
   fr.  habilis apt. See Able.] The quality or state of being able; power
   to  perform,  whether  physical, moral, intellectual, conventional, or
   legal;   capacity;  skill  or  competence  in  doing;  sufficiency  of
   strength, skill, resources, etc.; -- in the plural, faculty, talent.

     Then  the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined
     to send relief unto the brethren. Acts xi. 29.

     Natural  abilities  are  like  natural plants, that need pruning by
     study. Bacon.

     The public men of England, with much of a peculiar kind of ability.
     Macaulay.

   Syn. -- Capacity; talent; cleverness; faculty; capability; efficiency;
   aptitude; aptness; address; dexterity; skill. Ability, Capacity. These
   words  come  into  comparison  when applied to the higher intellectual
   powers. Ability has reference to the active exercise of our faculties.
   It  implies  not  only  native  vigor  of  mind,  but  that  ease  and
   promptitude  of  execution  which arise from mental training. Thus, we
   speak  of  the  ability  with  which  a  book  is written, an argument
   maintained,  a  negotiation carried on, etc. It always something to be
   done,  and  the  power  of  doing  it.  Capacity  has reference to the
   receptive  powers. In its higher exercises it supposes great quickness
   of  apprehension  and  breadth of intellect, with an uncommon aptitude
   for  acquiring  and  retaining knowledge. Hence it carries with it the
   idea  of  resources  and  undeveloped  power.  Thus  we  speak  of the
   extraordinary  capacity  of such men as Lord Bacon, Blaise Pascal, and
   Edmund Burke. "Capacity," says H. Taylor, "is requisite to devise, and
   ability  to  execute,  a great enterprise." The word abilities, in the
   plural,  embraces  both  these  qualities,  and  denotes  high  mental
   endowments.

                                Abime or Abyme

   A*bime" or A*byme" (#), n. [F. ab\'8cme. See Abysm.] A abyss. [Obs.]

                                  Abiogenesis

   Ab`i*o*gen"e*sis  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Biol.)  The supposed origination of
   living  organisms  from  lifeless  matter;  such  genesis  as does not
   involve  the  action  of  living  parents;  spontaneous generation; --
   called also abiogeny, and opposed to biogenesis.

     I  shall call the . . . doctrine that living matter may be produced
     by not living matter, the hypothesis of abiogenesis. Huxley, 1870.

                                  Abiogenetic

   Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic  (#),  a.  (Biol.)  Of  or pertaining to abiogenesis.
   Ab`i*o*ge*net"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  Abiogenist

   Ab`i*og"e*nist  (#),  n.  (Biol.)  One  who  believes that life can be
   produced independently of antecedent. Huxley.

                                  Abiogenous

   Ab`i*og"e*nous (#), a. (Biol.) Produced by spontaneous generation.

                                   Abiogeny

   Ab`i*og"e*ny (#), n. (Biol.) Same as Abiogenesis.

                                  Abiological

   Ab`i*o*log"ic*al  (#), a. [Gr. biological.] Pertaining to the study of
   inanimate things.

                                  Abirritant

   Ab*ir"ri*tant (#), n. (Med.) A medicine that diminishes irritation.

                                  Abirritate

   Ab*ir"ri*tate  (#),  v.  t. [Pref. ab- + irritate.] (Med.) To diminish
   the sensibility of; to debilitate.

                                 Abirritation

   Ab*ir`ri*ta"tion  (#),  n. (Med.) A pathological condition opposite to
   that of irritation; debility; want of strength; asthenia.

                                 Abirritative

   Ab*ir"ri*ta*tive  (#),  a.  (Med.)  Characterized  by  abirritation or
   debility.

                                     Abit

   A*bit" (#), 3d sing. pres. of Abide. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Abject

   Ab"ject  (#),  a.  [L. abjectus, p. p. of abjicere to throw away; ab +
   jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.]

   1. Cast down; low-lying. [Obs.]

     From  the  safe  shore  their floating carcasses And broken chariot
     wheels;  so  thick bestrown Abject and lost lay these, covering the
     flood. Milton.

   2. Sunk to a law condition; down in spirit or hope; degraded; servile;
   groveling;  despicable;  as,  abject posture, fortune, thoughts. "Base
   and abject flatterers." Addison. "An abject liar." Macaulay.

     And banish hence these abject, lowly dreams. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Mean;  groveling; cringing; mean-spirited; slavish; ignoble;
   worthless; vile; beggarly; contemptible; degraded.

                                    Abject

   Ab*ject"  (#),  v. t. [From Abject, a.] To cast off or down; hence, to
   abase; to degrade; to lower; to debase. [Obs.] Donne.

                                    Abject

   Ab"ject  (#), n. A person in the lowest and most despicable condition;
   a castaway. [Obs.]

     Shall  these abjects, these victims, these outcasts, know any thing
     of pleasure? I. Taylor.

                                 Abjectedness

   Ab*ject"ed*ness  (#),  n.  A very abject or low condition; abjectness.
   [R.] Boyle.

                                   Abjection

   Ab*jec"tion (#), n. [F. abjection, L. abjectio.]

   1.  The  act  of bringing down or humbling. "The abjection of the king
   and his realm." Joe.

   2. The state of being rejected or cast out. [R.]

     An  adjection  from  the beatific regions where God, and his angels
     and saints, dwell forever. Jer. Taylor.

   3.   A   low   or  downcast  state;  meanness  of  spirit;  abasement;
   degradation.

     That  this  should  be  termed  baseness,  abjection  of  mind,  or
     servility, is it credible? Hooker.

                                   Abjectly

   Ab"ject*ly (#), adv. Meanly; servilely.

                                  Abjectness

   Ab"ject*ness,  n.  The  state  of  being  abject; abasement; meanness;
   servility. Grew.

                                    Abjudge

   Ab*judge"  (#),  v. t. [Pref. ab- + judge, v. Cf. Abjudicate.] To take
   away by judicial decision. [R.]

                                  Abjudicate

   Ab*ju"di*cate  (#),  v.  t. [L. abjudicatus, p. p. of abjudicare; ab +
   judicare. See Judge, and cf. Abjudge.] To reject by judicial sentence;
   also, to abjudge. [Obs.] Ash.

                                 Abjudication

   Ab*ju`di*ca"tion (#), n. Rejection by judicial sentence. [R.] Knowles.

                                   Abjugate

   Ab"ju*gate  (#),  v.  t. [L. abjugatus, p. p. of abjugare.] To unyoke.
   [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Abjunctive

   Ab*junc"tive  (#),  a. [L. abjunctus, p. p. of abjungere; ab + jungere
   to join.] Exceptional. [R.]

     It  is this power which leads on from the accidental and abjunctive
     to the universal. I. Taylor.

                                  Abjuration

   Ab`ju*ra"tion (#), n. [L. abjuratio: cf. F. abjuration.]

   1.  The  act of abjuring or forswearing; a renunciation upon oath; as,
   abjuration  of  the  realm, a sworn banishment, an oath taken to leave
   the country and never to return.

   2. A solemn recantation or renunciation; as, an abjuration of heresy.
   Oath  of  abjuration, an oath asserting the right of the present royal
   family  to  the crown of England, and expressly abjuring allegiance to
   the descendants of the Pretender. Brande & C.

                                  Abjuratory

   Ab*ju"ra*to*ry (#), a. Containing abjuration.

                                    Abjure

   Ab*jure"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abjured (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abjuring  (#).]  [L. abjurare to deny upon oath; ab + jurare to swear,
   fr. jus, juris, right, law; cf. F. abjurer. See Jury.]

   1.  To  renounce  upon  oath;  to  forswear; to disavow; as, to abjure
   allegiance to a prince. To abjure the realm, is to swear to abandon it
   forever.

   2.  To  renounce  or  reject  with  solemnity;  to  recant; to abandon
   forever;  to  reject;  repudiate;  as, to abjure errors. "Magic I here
   abjure." Shak. Syn. -- See Renounce.

                                    Abjure

   Ab*jure", v. i. To renounce on oath. Bp. Burnet.

                                  Abjurement

   Ab*jure"ment (#), n. Renunciation. [R.]

                                    Abjurer

   Ab*jur"er (#), n. One who abjures.

                                   Ablactate

   Ab*lac"tate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  ablactatus,  p.  p. of ablactare; ab +
   lactare to suckle, fr. lac milk.] To wean. [R.] Bailey.

                                  Ablactation

   Ab`lac*ta"tion (#). n.

   1.  The  weaning  of  a child from the breast, or of young beasts from
   their dam. Blount.

   2.  (Hort.)  The process of grafting now called inarching, or grafting
   by approach.

                                  Ablaqueate

   Ab*la"que*ate (#), v. t. [L. ablaqueatus, p. p. of. ablaqueare; fr. ab
   +  laqueus  a  noose.]  To  lay  bare,  as the roots of a tree. [Obs.]
   Bailey.

                                 Ablaqueation

   Ab*la`que*a"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ablaqueatio.]  The  act or process of
   laying  bare  the  roots of trees to expose them to the air and water.
   [Obs.] Evelyn.

                                  Ablastemic

   Ab`las*tem"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Biol.) Non-germinal.

                                   Ablation

   Ab*la"tion  (#), n. [L. ablatio, fr. ablatus p. p. of auferre to carry
   away;  ab  +  latus,  p.  p.  of  ferre  carry:  cf.  F. ablation. See
   Tolerate.]

   1. A carrying or taking away; removal. Jer. Taylor.

   2. (Med.) Extirpation. Dunglison.

   3. (Geol.) Wearing away; superficial waste. Tyndall.

                                  Ablatitious

   Ab`la*ti"tious  (#),  a. Diminishing; as, an ablatitious force. Sir J.
   Herschel.

                                   Ablative

   Ab"la*tive  (#),  a.  [F. ablatif, ablative, L. ablativus fr. ablatus.
   See Ablation.]

   1. Taking away or removing. [Obs.]

     Where the heart is forestalled with misopinion, ablative directions
     are  found  needful  to  unteach error, ere we can learn truth. Bp.
     Hall.

   2.  (Gram.)  Applied to one of the cases of the noun in Latin and some
   other languages, -- the fundamental meaning of the case being removal,
   separation, or taking away.

                                   Ablative

   Ab"la*tive,   (Gram.)   The   ablative   case.  ablative  absolute,  a
   construction  in  Latin,  in  which  a noun in the ablative case has a
   participle  (either expressed or implied), agreeing with it in gender,
   number,  and case, both words forming a clause by themselves and being
   unconnected,  grammatically,  with  the  rest  of  the  sentence;  as,
   Tarquinio  regnante,  Pythagoras  venit,  i.  e., Tarquinius reigning,
   Pythagoras came.
   
                                    Ablaut
                                       
   Ab"laut  (#), n. [Ger., off-sound; ab off + laut sound.] (Philol.) The
   substitution  of  one  root  vowel  for  another,  thus  indicating  a
   corresponding  modification  of use or meaning; vowel permutation; as,
   get, gat, got; sing, song; hang, hung. Earle. <-- p. 5 -->
   
                                    Ablaze
                                       
   A*blaze" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + blaze.]
   
   1. On fire; in a blaze, gleaming. Milman.
   
     All ablaze with crimson and gold. Longfellow.

   2. In a state of glowing excitement or ardent desire.

     The  young  Cambridge democrats were all ablaze to assist Torrijos.
     Carlyle.

                                     Able

   A"ble  (#),  a. [Comp. Abler (#); superl. Ablest (#).] [OF. habile, L.
   habilis  that may be easily held or managed, apt, skillful, fr. habere
   to have, hold. Cf. Habile and see Habit.]

   1. Fit; adapted; suitable. [Obs.]

     A many man, to ben an abbot able. Chaucer.

   2.   Having  sufficient  power,  strength,  force,  skill,  means,  or
   resources   of  any  kind  to  accomplish  the  object;  possessed  of
   qualifications rendering competent for some end; competent; qualified;
   capable;  as,  an able workman, soldier, seaman, a man able to work; a
   mind  able  to  reason;  a  person able to be generous; able to endure
   pain; able to play on a piano.

   3.  Specially:  Having  intellectual  qualifications, or strong mental
   powers;  showing ability or skill; talented; clever; powerful; as, the
   ablest man in the senate; an able speech.

     No man wrote abler state papers. Macaulay.

   4. (Law) Legally qualified; possessed of legal competence; as, able to
   inherit or devise property.

     NOTE:

   Able for, is Scotticism.

     "Hardly able for such a march." Robertson.

   Syn.  --  Competent; qualified; fitted; efficient; effective; capable;
   skillful; clever; vigorous; powerful.

                                     Able

   A"ble, v. t. [See Able, a.] [Obs.]

   1. To make able; to enable; to strengthen. Chaucer.

   2. To vouch for. "I 'll able them." Shak.

                                     able

   *a*ble (#). [F. -able, L. -abilis.] An adjective suffix now usually in
   a  passive  sense;  able  to  be;  fit  to  be; expressing capacity or
   worthiness  in  a  passive  sense;  as,  movable,  able  to  be moved;
   amendable, able to be amended; blamable, fit to be blamed; salable.

     NOTE: The form ible is used in the same sense.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  di fficult to say when we are not to use -able
     instead of -ible. "Yet a rule may be laid down as to when we are to
     use  it.  To all verbs, then, from the Anglo-Saxon, to all based on
     the  uncorrupted  infinitival  stems  of  Latin  verbs of the first
     conjugation, and to all substantives, whencesoever sprung, we annex
     -able only."

   Fitzed. Hall.

                                  Able-bodied

   A`ble-bod"ied   (#),  a.  Having  a  sound,  strong  body;  physically
   competent;     robust.     "Able-bodied     vagrant."    Froude.    --
   A`ble-bod"ied*ness, n..

                                   Ablegate

   Ab"le*gate (#), v. t. [L. ablegatus, p. p. of ablegare; ab + legare to
   send with a commission. See Legate.] To send abroad. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Ablegate

   Ab"le*gate  (#),  n.  (R. C. Ch.) A representative of the pope charged
   with  important  commissions  in  foreign countries, one of his duties
   being to bring to a newly named cardinal his insignia of office.

                                  Ablegation

   Ab`le*ga"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ablegatio.]  The  act of sending abroad.
   [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

                                  Able-minded

   A`ble-mind"ed   (#),   a.   Having   much   intellectual   power.   --
   A`ble-mind"ed*ness, n.

                                   Ableness

   A"ble*ness (#), n. Ability of body or mind; force; vigor. [Obs. or R.]

                                    Ablepsy

   Ab"lep*sy (#), n. [Gr. Blindness. [R.] Urquhart.

                                     Abler

   A"bler (#), a., comp. of Able. -- A"blest (#), a., superl. of Able.

                                 Ablet, Ablen

   Ab"let  (#),  Ab"len  [F.  ablet,  ablette,  a dim. fr. LL. abula, for
   albula,   dim.   of  albus  white.  Cf.  Abele.]  (Zo\'94l.)  A  small
   fresh-water fish (Leuciscus alburnus); the bleak.

                                   Abligate

   Ab"li*gate  (#),  v.  t. [L. ab + ligatus, p. p. of ligare to tie.] To
   tie up so as to hinder from. [Obs.]

                                 Abligurition

   Ab*lig`u*ri"tion  (#),  n.  [L. abligurito, fr. abligurire to spend in
   luxurious  indulgence;  ab  +  ligurire  to  be lickerish, dainty, fr.
   lingere to lick.] Prodigal expense for food. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                    Ablins

   A"blins (#), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps. [Scot.]

                                    Abloom

   A*bloom" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + bloom.] In or into bloom; in a blooming
   state. Masson.

                                    Ablude

   Ab*lude"  (#), v. t. [L. abludere; ab + ludere to play.] To be unlike;
   to differ. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                    Abluent

   Ab"lu*ent  (#),  a. [L. abluens, p. pr. of. abluere to wash away; ab +
   luere   (lavere,  lavare).  See  Lave.]  Washing  away;  carrying  off
   impurities; detergent. -- n. (Med.) A detergent.

                                    Ablush

   A*blush" (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + blush.] Blushing; ruddy.

                                   Ablution

   Ab*lu`tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ablutio,  fr. abluere: cf. F. ablution. See
   Abluent.]

   1.  The  act of washing or cleansing; specifically, the washing of the
   body, or some part of it, as a religious rite.

   2.  The  water  used  in  cleansing. "Cast the ablutions in the main."
   Pope.

   3.  (R.  C.  Ch.) A small quantity of wine and water, which is used to
   wash  the  priest's  thumb  and  index finger after the communion, and
   which   then,  as  perhaps  containing  portions  of  the  consecrated
   elements, is drunk by the priest.

                                  Ablutionary

   Ab*lu"tion*a*ry (#), a. Pertaining to ablution.

                                   Abluvion

   Ab*lu"vi*on  (#),  n. [LL. abluvio. See Abluent.] That which is washed
   off. [R.] Dwight.

                                     Ably

   A"bly  (#), adv. In an able manner; with great ability; as, ably done,
   planned, said.

                                     -ably

   -a*bly(#).  A  suffix  composed of -able and the adverbial suffix -ly;
   as, favorably.

                                   Abnegate

   Ab"ne*gate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abnegated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abnegating.] [L. abnegatus,p. p. of abnegare; ab + negare to deny. See
   Deny.] To deny and reject; to abjure. Sir E. Sandys. Farrar.

                                  Abnegation

   Ab`ne*ga"tion  (#), n. [L. abnegatio: cf. F. abn\'82gation.] a denial;
   a renunciation.

     With  abnegation  of  God,  of his honor, and of religion, they may
     retain the friendship of the court. Knox.

                                  Abnegative

   Ab"ne*ga*tive (#), a. [L. abnegativus.] Denying; renouncing; negative.
   [R.] Clarke.

                                   Abnegator

   Ab"ne*ga`tor(#),  n.  [L.]  One  who  abnegates,  denies,  or  rejects
   anything. [R.]

                                     Abnet

   Ab"net (#), n. [Heb.] The girdle of a Jewish priest or officer.

                                   Abnodate

   Ab"no*date  (#),  v.  t.  [L. abnodatus, p. p. of abnodare; ab + nodus
   knot.] To clear (tress) from knots. [R.] Blount.

                                  Abnodation

   Ab`no*da"tion (#), n. The act of cutting away the knots of trees. [R.]
   Crabb.

                                   Abnormal

   Ab*nor"mal  (#), a. [For earlier anormal.F. anormal, LL. anormalus for
   anomalus,  Gr.  abnormis.  See  Anomalous,  Abnormous,  Anormal.]  Not
   conformed  to  rule  or  system;  deviating  from the type; anomalous;
   irregular.  "That  deviating  from  the  type; anomalous; irregular. "
   Froude.

                                  Abnormality

   Ab`nor*mal"i*ty (#), n.; pl. Abnormalities (#).

   1.  The  state  or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity.
   Darwin.

   2. Something abnormal.

                                  Abnormally

   Ab*nor"mal*ly (#), adv. In an abnormal manner; irregularly. Darwin.

                                   Abnormity

   Ab*nor"mi*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Abnormities  (#).  [LL.  abnormitas. See
   Abnormous.]   Departure   from   the   ordinary   type;  irregularity;
   monstrosity.  "An  abnormity  .  . . like a calf born with two heads."
   Mrs. Whitney.

                                   Abnormous

   Ab*nor"mous  (#),  a.  [L.  abnormis;  ab  +  norma rule. See Normal.]
   Abnormal; irregular. Hallam.

     A  character  of  a  more abnormous cast than his equally suspected
     coadjutor. State Trials.

                                    Aboard

     A*board"  (#),  adv.  [Pref.  a- on, in + board.] On board; into or
     within a ship or boat; hence, into or within a railway car.

     2. Alongside; as, close aboard. Naut.:

   To  fall  aboard  of,  to strike a ship's side; to fall foul of. -- To
   haul the tacks aboard, to set the courses. -- To keep the land aboard,
   to  hug  the shore. -- To lay (a ship) aboard, to place one's own ship
   close alongside of (a ship) for fighting.

                                    Aboard

   A*board", prep.

   1. On board of; as, to go aboard a ship.

   2. Across; athwart. [Obs.]

     Nor  iron  bands  aboard  The  Pontic  Sea by their huge navy cast.
     Spenser.

                                   Abodance

   A*bod"ance (#), n. [See Bode.] An omen; a portending. [Obs.]

                                     Abode

   A*bode" (#), pret. of Abide.

                                     Abode

   A*bode",  n. [OE. abad, abood, fr. abiden to abide. See Abide. For the
   change of vowel, cf. abode, imp. of abide.]

   1. Act of waiting; delay. [Obs.] Shak.

     And with her fled away without abode. Spenser.

   2. Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn.

     He waxeth at your abode here. Fielding.

   3.   Place  of  continuance,  or  where  one  dwells;  abiding  place;
   residence; a dwelling; a habitation.

     Come, let me lead you to our poor abode. Wordsworth.

                                     Abode

   A*bode", n. [See Bode, v. t.] An omen. [Obs.]

     High-thundering  Juno's  husband  stirs my spirit with true abodes.
     Chapman.

                                     Abode

   A*bode", v. t. To bode; to foreshow. [Obs.] Shak.

                                     Abode

   A*bode", v. i. To be ominous. [Obs.] Dryden.

                                   Abodement

   A*bode"ment (#), n. A foreboding; an omen. [Obs.] "Abodements must not
   now affright us." Shak.

                                    Aboding

   A*bod"ing (#), n. A foreboding. [Obs.]

                                    Abolish

   A*bol"ish  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Abolished (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abolishing.] [F. abolir, L. abolere, aboletum; ab + olere to grow. Cf.
   Finish.]

   1.  To  do  away with wholly; to annul; to make void; -- said of laws,
   customs,  institutions,  governments, etc.; as, to abolish slavery, to
   abolish folly.

   2.  To  put an end to, or destroy, as a physical objects; to wipe out.
   [Archaic]

     And with thy blood abolish so reproachful blot. Spenser.

     His  quick  instinctive hand Caught at the hilt, as to abolish him.
     Tennyson.

   Syn.  -- To Abolish, Repeal, Abrogate, Revoke, Annul, Nullify, Cancel.
   These  words  have  in  common  the  idea  of  setting  aside  by some
   overruling  act. Abolish applies particularly to things of a permanent
   nature,  such  as  institutions, usages, customs, etc.; as, to abolish
   monopolies,  serfdom,  slavery.  Repeal describes the act by which the
   legislature  of  a  state  sets  aside  a  law which it had previously
   enacted. Abrogate was originally applied to the repeal of a law by the
   Roman  people; and hence, when the power of making laws was usurped by
   the  emperors,  the term was applied to their act of setting aside the
   laws.  Thus  it  came  to  express that act by which a sovereign or an
   executive   government   sets  aside  laws,  ordinances,  regulations,
   treaties,  conventions,  etc. Revoke denotes the act or recalling some
   previous  grant  which  conferred,  privilege,  etc.;  as, to revoke a
   decree,  to revoke a power of attorney, a promise, etc. Thus, also, we
   speak  of  the  revocation  of the Edict of Nantes. Annul is used in a
   more  general  sense,  denoting  simply  to  make void; as, to annul a
   contract,  to  annul  an  agreement. Nullify is an old word revived in
   this  country,  and  applied  to the setting of things aside either by
   force or by total disregard; as, to nullify an act of Congress. Cancel
   is  to  strike  out  or  annul,  by  a  deliberate  exercise of power,
   something which has operative force.

                                  Abolishable

   A*bol"ish*a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  abolissable.]  Capable  of  being
   abolished.

                                   Abolisher

   A*bol"ish*er (#), n. One who abolishes.

                                  Abolishment

   A*bol"ish*ment  (#),  n. [Cf. F. abolissement.] The act of abolishing;
   abolition; destruction. Hooker.

                                   Abolition

   Ab"o*li"tion  (#), n. [L. abolitio, fr. abolere: cf. F. abolition. See
   Abolish.]  The  act of abolishing, or the state of being abolished; an
   annulling; abrogation; utter destruction; as, the abolition of slavery
   or  the  slave  trade;  the  abolition  of  laws, decrees, ordinances,
   customs, taxes, debts, etc.

     NOTE: &hand; The application of this word to persons is now unusual
     or obsolete

                                 Abolitionism

   Ab`o*li"tion*ism  (#), n. The principles or measures of abolitionists.
   Wilberforce.

                                 Abolitionist

   Ab`o*li"tion*ist,  n.  A  person  who  favors  the  abolition  of  any
   institution, especially negro slavery.

                                 Abolitionize

   Ab`o*li`tion*ize   (#),   v.  t.  To  imbue  with  the  principles  of
   abolitionism. [R.] Bartlett.

                                     Aboma

   A*bo"ma (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) A large South American serpent (Boa aboma).

                              Abomasum, Abomasus

   Ab`o*ma"sum  (#),  Ab`o*ma"sus  (#),  n.  [NL.,  fr. L. ab + omasum (a
   Celtic  word.]  (Anat.) The fourth or digestive stomach of a ruminant,
   which leads from the third stomach omasum. See Ruminantia.

                                  Abominable

   A*bom"i*na*ble (#), a. [F. abominable. L. abominalis. See Abominate.]

   1.  Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious
   in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable.

   2. Excessive; large; -- used as an intensive. [Obs.]

     NOTE: &hand; Ju liana Be rners .  .  .  informs us that in her time
     [15th  c.], "abomynable syght of monkes" was elegant English for "a
     large company of friars."

   G. P. Marsh.

                                Abominableness

   A*bom"i*na*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  or  state of being abominable;
   odiousness. Bentley.

                                  Abominably

   A*bom"i*na*bly  (#),  adv.  In  an  abominable  manner; very odiously;
   detestably.

                                   Abominate

   A*bom"i*nate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Abominated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abominating.]  [L.  abominatus,  p.  p.  or  abominari to deprecate as
   ominous,  to  abhor,  to  curse; ab + omen a foreboding. See Omen.] To
   turn  from  as  ill-omened;  to hate in the highest degree, as if with
   religious  dread;  loathe;  as,  to  abominate all impiety. Syn. -- To
   hate; abhor; loathe; detest. See Hate.

                                  Abomination

   A*bom`i*na"tion  (#),  n. [OE. abominacioun, -cion, F. abominatio. See
   Abominate.]

   1. The feeling of extreme disgust and hatred; abhorrence; detestation;
   loathing; as, he holds tobacco in abomination.

   2.  That  which is abominable; anything hateful, wicked, or shamefully
   vile; an object or state that excites disgust and hatred; a hateful or
   shameful vice; pollution.

     Antony, most large in his abominations. Shak.

   3.  A cause of pollution or wickedness. Syn. -- Detestation; loathing;
   abhorrence;  disgust;  aversion;  loathsomeness;  odiousness.  Sir  W.
   Scott.

                                     Aboon

   A*boon" (#), prep. and adv. Above. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

     Aboon the pass of Bally-Brough. Sir W. Scott.

     The ceiling fair that rose aboon. J. R. Drake.

                                    Aboral

   Ab*o"ral  (#), a. [L. ab. + E. oral.] (Zo\'94l.) Situated opposite to,
   or away from, the mouth.

                                     Abord

   A*bord"  (#),  n.  [F.]  Manner  of approaching or accosting; address.
   Chesterfield.

                                     Abord

   A*bord" (#), v. t. [F. aborder, \'85 (L. ad) + bord rim, brim, or side
   of a vessel. See Border, Board.] To approach; to accost. [Obs.] Digby.

                                  Aboriginal

   Ab`o*rig"i*nal (#), a. [See Aborigines.]

   1.  First; original; indigenous; primitive; native; as, the aboriginal
   tribes of America. "Mantled o'er with aboriginal turf." Wordsworth.

   2. Of or pertaining to aborigines; as, a Hindoo of aboriginal blood.

                                  Aboriginal

   Ab`o*rig"i*nal, n.

   1. An original inhabitant of any land; one of the aborigines.

   2. An animal or a plant native to the region.

     It  may well be doubted whether this frog is an aboriginal of these
     islands. Darwin.

                                 Aboriginality

   Ab`o*rig`i*nal"i*ty  (#),  n.  The quality of being aboriginal. Westm.
   Rev.

                                 Aboriginally

   Ab`o*rig"i*nal*ly (#), adv. Primarily.

                                  Aboriginess

   Ab`o*rig"i*ness (#), n. pl. [L. Aborigines; ab + origo, especially the
   first  inhabitants  of  Latium,  those  who  originally  (ab  origine)
   inhabited Latium or Italy. See Origin.]

   1. The earliest known inhabitants of a country; native races.

   2. The original fauna and flora of a geographical area

                                  Aborsement

   A*borse"ment (#), n. Abortment; abortion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

                                   Aborsive

   A*bor"sive (#), a. Abortive. [Obs.] Fuller.

                                     Abort

   A*bort"  (#),  v. i. [L. abortare, fr. abortus, p. p. of aboriri; ab +
   oriri to rise, to be born. See Orient.]

   1. To miscarry; to bring forth young prematurely.

   2.  (Biol.)  To  become checked in normal development, so as either to
   remain rudimentary or shrink away wholly; to become sterile.

                                     Abort

   A*bort", n. [L. abortus, fr. aboriri.]

   1. An untimely birth. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

   2. An aborted offspring. [Obs.] Holland.

                                    Aborted

   A*bort"ed, a.

   1. Brought forth prematurely.

   2.  (Biol.)  Rendered  abortive  or  sterile;  undeveloped; checked in
   normal  development  at  a  very  early  stage; as, spines are aborted
   branches.

     The  eyes of the cirripeds are more or less aborted in their mature
     state. Owen.

                                  Aborticide

   A*bor"ti*cide  (#),  n.  [L.  abortus  +  caedere to kill. See Abort.]
   (Med.) The act of destroying a fetus in the womb; feticide.

                                 Abortifacient

   A*bor`ti*fa"cient  (#),  a.  [L. abortus (see Abort, v.) + faciens, p.
   pr.  of  facere  to  make.]  Producing miscarriage. -- n. A drug or an
   agent that causes premature delivery.

                                   Abortion

   A*bor"tion (#), n. [L. abortio, fr. aboriri. See Abort.]

   1.  The  act of giving premature birth; particularly, the expulsion of
   the  human  fetus  prematurely,  or before it is capable of sustaining
   life; miscarriage.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  so metimes used for the offense of procuring a
     premature   delivery,  but  strictly  the  early  delivery  is  the
     abortion,  "causing  or procuring abortion" is the full name of the
     offense.

   Abbott.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 6

   2. The immature product of an untimely birth.

   3.  (Biol.)  Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an
   imperfect formation or is absorbed.

   4.  Any  fruit  or produce that does not come to maturity, or anything
   which  in  its  progress,  before it is matured or perfect; a complete
   failure; as, his attempt. proved an abortiori.

                                  Abortional

   A*bor"tion*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to abortion; miscarrying; abortive.
   Carlyle.

                                  Abortionist

   A*bor"tion*ist, n. One who procures abortion or miscarriage.

                                   Abortive

   A*bor"tive (#), a. [L. abortivus, fr. aboriri. See Abort, v.]

   1. Produced by abortion; born prematurely; as, an abortive child. [R.]

   2.  Made  from  the  skin of a still-born animal; as, abortive vellum.
   [Obs.]

   3.  Rendering  fruitless  or  ineffectual.  [Obs.]  "Plunged  in  that
   abortive gulf." Milton.

   4.  Coming  to  naught; failing in its effect; miscarrying; fruitless;
   unsuccessful;  as,  an  abortive  attempt.  "An  abortive enterprise."
   Prescott.

   5.  (Biol.) Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; sterile; as,
   an abortive organ, stamen, ovule, etc.

   6.  (Med.)  (a)  Causing  abortion;  as, abortive medicines. Parr. (b)
   Cutting short; as, abortive treatment of typhoid fever.

                                   Abortive

   A*bor"tive, n.

   1.  That  which  is  born  or  brought forth prematurely; an abortion.
   [Obs.] Shak.

   2. A fruitless effort or issue. [Obs.]

   3.  A  medicine  to  which  is  attributed  the  property  of  causing
   abortion.<-- now usu. abortifacient. --> Dunglison.

                                  Abortively

   A*bor"tive*ly,  adv.  In  an  abortive or untimely manner; immaturely;
   fruitlessly.

                                 Abortiveness

   A*bor"tive*ness, n. The quality of being abortive.

                                   Abortment

   A*bort"ment (#), n. Abortion. [Obs.]

                                    Abought

   A*bought" (#), imp. & p. p. of Aby. [Obs.]

                                    Abound

   A*bound"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abounded;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Abounding.]  [OE.  abounden,  F. abonder, fr. L. abundare to overflow,
   abound; ab + unda wave. Cf. Undulate.]

   1. To be in great plenty; to be very prevalent; to be plentiful.

     The  wild  boar  which  abounds  in  some parts of the continent of
     Europe. Chambers.

     Where sin abounded grace did much more abound. Rom. v. 20.

   2. To be copiously supplied; -- followed by in or with.
   To  abound  in, to posses in such abundance as to be characterized by.
   -- To abound with, to be filled with; to possess in great numbers.

     Men abounding in natural courage. Macaulay.

     A faithful man shall abound with blessings. Prov. xxviii. 20.

     It abounds with cabinets of curiosities. Addison.

                                     About

   A*bout"  (#),  prep.  [OE.  aboute,  abouten,  abuten;  AS. \'bebutan,
   onbutan;  on + butan, which is from be by + utan outward, from ut out.
   See But, Out.]

   1.  Around; all round; on every side of. "Look about you." Shak. "Bind
   them about thy neck." Prov. iii. 3.

   2.  In  the  immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity or proximity to;
   near, as to place; by or on (one's person). "Have you much money about
   you?" Bulwer.

   3.  Over  or  upon  different  parts  of;  through  or over in various
   directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout.

     Lampoons . . . were handed about the coffeehouses. Macaulay.

     Roving still about the world. Milton.

   4.  Near;  not  far  from;  --  determining  approximately time, size,
   quantity.  "To-morrow,  about  this  time."  Exod.  ix.  18. "About my
   stature." Shak.

     He went out about the third hour. Matt. xx. 3.

     NOTE: &hand; This use passes into the adverbial sense.

   5. In concern with; engaged in; intent on.

     I must be about my Father's business. Luke ii. 49.

   6.  Before  a  verbal noun or an infinitive: On the point or verge of;
   going; in act of.

     Paul was now aboutto open his mouth. Acts xviii. 14.

   7.  Concerning;  with  regard  to;  on account of; touching. "To treat
   about thy ransom." Milton.

     She must have her way about Sarah. Trollope.

                                     About

   A*bout", adv.

   1. On all sides; around.

     'Tis time to look about. Shak.

   2.  In  circuit;  circularly; by a circuitous way; around the outside;
   as, a mile about, and a third of a mile across.

   3. Here and there; around; in one place and another.

     Wandering about from house to house. 1 Tim. v. 13.

   4.  Nearly;  approximately;  with  close  correspondence,  in quality,
   manner,  degree,  etc.;  as,  about as cold; about as high; -- also of
   quantity,  number,  time. "There fell . . . about three thousand men."
   Exod. xxii. 28.

   5.  To  a reserved position; half round; in the opposite direction; on
   the opposite tack; as, to face about; to turn one's self about.
   To  bring  about,  to  cause  to take place; to accomplish. -- To come
   about, to occur; to take place. See under Come. -- To go about, To set
   about,  to undertake; to arrange; to prepare. "Shall we set about some
   revels? Shak. -- Round about, in every direction around.

                                 About-sledge

   A*bout"-sledge" (#), n. The largest hammer used by smiths. Weale.

                                     Above

   A*bove"  (#), prep. [OE. above, aboven, abuffe, AS. abufon; an (or on)
   on + be by + ufan upward; cf. Goth. uf under. \'fb199. See Over.]

   1. In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface;
   over; -- opposed to below or beneath.

     Fowl that may fly above the earth. Gen. i. 20.

   2.  Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing;
   beyond;   higher   in   measure  or  degree  than;  as,  things  above
   comprehension;  above mean actions; conduct above reproach. "Thy worth
   . . . is actions above my gifts." Marlowe.

     I  saw  in  the way a light from heaven above the brightness of the
     sun. Acts xxxvi. 13.

   3.  Surpassing  in number or quantity; more than; as, above a hundred.
   (Passing into the adverbial sense. See Above, adv., 4.)
   above all, before every other consideration; chiefly; in preference to
   other things. Over and above, prep. or adv., besides; in addition to.

                                     Above

   A*bove" (#), adv.

   1.  In  a  higher place; overhead; into or from heaven; as, the clouds
   above.

   2.  Earlier  in  order; higher in the same page; hence, in a foregoing
   page. "That was said above." Dryden.

   3. Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the court above.

   4. More than; as, above five hundred were present.

     NOTE: Above is  often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting
     the   word   mentioned,   quoted,   or  the  like;  as,  the  above
     observations,  the above reference, the above articles. -- Above is
     also  used  substantively.  "The waters that come down from above."
     Josh.  iii.  13. It is also used as the first part of a compound in
     the  sense of before, previously; as, above-cited, above-described,
     above-mentioned,     above-named,     abovesaid,    abovespecified,
     above-written, above-given.

                                  Aboveboard

   A*bove"board`  (#),  adv.  Above  the  board  or table. Hence: in open
   sight;   without   trick,   concealment,   or   deception.  "Fair  and
   aboveboard." Burke.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is ex pression is  sa id by  Jo hnson to  have been
     borrowed  from  gamesters,  who,  when they change their cards, put
     their hands under the table.

                                  Above-cited

   A*bove"-cit`ed  (#),  a. Cited before, in the preceding part of a book
   or writing.

                                   Abovedeck

   A*bove"deck`  (#),  a.  On  deck;  and hence, like aboveboard, without
   artifice. Smart.

                         Above-mentioned, Above-named

   A*bove"-men`tioned  (#),  A*bove"-named`(#),  a.  Mentioned  or  named
   before; aforesaid.

                                   Abovesaid

   A*bove"said` (#), a. Mentioned or recited before.

                                     Abox

   A*box" (#), adv. & a. (Naut.) Braced aback.

                                  Abracadabra

   Ab`ra*ca*dab"ra  (#),  n.  [L.  Of unknown origin.] A mystical word or
   collocation  of letters written as in the figure. Worn on an amulet it
   was supposed to ward off fever. At present the word is used chiefly in
   jest to denote something without meaning; jargon.

                                   Abradant

   Ab*ra"dant  (#),  n.  A  material  used  for grinding, as emery, sand,
   powdered glass, etc.

                                    Abrade

   Ab*rade"  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Abrading.]
   [L. abradere, abrasum, to scrape off; ab + radere to scrape. See Rase,
   Raze.]  To  rub or wear off; to waste or wear away by friction; as, to
   abrade rocks. Lyell.

                                    Abrade

   A*brade" (#), v. t. Same as Abraid. [Obs.]

                                   Abrahamic

   A`bra*ham"ic  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to Abraham, the patriarch; as, the
   Abrachamic covenant.

                               Abrahamitic, ical

   A`bra*ham*it"ic, *ic*al(#), a. Relating to the patriarch Abraham.

                           Abraham-man or Abram-man

   A"bra*ham-man`(#)  or  A"bram-man`(#), n. [Possibly in allusion to the
   parable  of the beggar Lazarus in Luke xvi. Murray (New Eng. Dict. ).]
   One  of  a  set  of  vagabonds  who  formerly  roamed through England,
   feigning  lunacy  for  the  sake  of  obtaining  alms.  Nares. To sham
   Abraham, to feign sickness. Goldsmith.

                                    Abraid

   A*braid"  (#), v. t. & i. [OE. abraiden, to awake, draw (a sword), AS.
   \'bebredgan  to  shake,  draw;  pref.  \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-,
   orig. meaning out) + bregdan to shake, throw. See Braid.] To awake; to
   arouse; to stir or start up; also, to shout out. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Abranchial

   A*bran"chi*al (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Abranchiate.

                                  Abranchiata

   A*bran`chi*a"ta  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  from  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   annelids,  so  called because the species composing it have no special
   organs of respiration.

                                  Abranchiate

   A*bran"chi*ate (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Without gills.

                                    Abrase

   Ab*rase"  (#),  a. [L. abrasus, p. p. of abradere. See Abrade.] Rubbed
   smooth. [Obs.] "An abrase table." B. Jonson.

                                   Abrasion

   Ab*ra"sion (#), n. [L. abrasio, fr. abradere. See Abrade.]

   1.  The  act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by
   friction; as, the abrasion of coins.

   2. The substance rubbed off. Berkeley.

   3.  (Med.) A superficial excoriation, with loss of substance under the
   form of small shreds. Dunglison.

                                   Abrasive

   Ab*ra"sive (#), a. Producing abrasion. Ure.

                            Abraum or Abraum salts

   A*braum"  or A*braum" salts (#), n. [Ger., fr. abr\'84umen to remove.]
   A  red  ocher  used  to  darken  mahogany  and  for making chloride of
   potassium.

                                    Abraxas

   A*brax"as  (#),  n. [A name adopted by the Egyptian Gnostic Basilides,
   containing   the   Greek   letters  \'3ca\'3e,  \'3cb\'3e,  \'3cr\'3e,
   \'3ca\'3e,   \'3cx\'3e,  \'3ca\'3e,  \'3cs\'3e,  which,  as  numerals,
   amounted  to 365. It was used to signify the supreme deity as ruler of
   the  365  heavens  of his system.] A mystical word used as a charm and
   engraved on gems among the ancients; also, a gem stone thus engraved.

                                     Abray

   A*bray"  (#), v. [A false form from the preterit abraid, abrayde.] See
   Abraid. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                    Abreast

   A*breast" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + breast.]

   1.  Side  by  side,  with breasts in a line; as, "Two men could hardly
   walk abreast." Macaulay.

   2.  (Naut.) Side by side; also, opposite; over against; on a line with
   the vessel's beam; -- with of.

   3.  Up  to  a  certain  level  or  line; equally advanced; as, to keep
   abreast of [or with] the present state of science.

   4. At the same time; simultaneously. [Obs.]

     Abreast therewith began a convocation. Fuller.

                                    Abregge

   A*breg"ge (#), v. t. See Abridge. [Obs.]

                                  Abrenounce

   Ab`re*nounce"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  abrenuntiare;  ab  + renuntiare. See
   Renounce.]  To  renounce.  [Obs.] "They abrenounce and cast them off."
   Latimer.

                                Abrenunciation

   Ab`re*nun`ci*a"tion  (#),  n.  [LL.  abrenuntiatio.  See  Abrenounce.]
   Absolute renunciation or repudiation. [Obs.]

     An abrenunciation of that truth which he so long had professed, and
     still believed. Fuller.

                                   Abreption

   Ab*rep"tion (#), n. [L. abreptus, p. p. of abripere to snatch away; ab
   + rapere to snatch.] A snatching away. [Obs.]

                                   Abreuvoir

   A`breu`voir"  (#),  n.  [F., a watering place.] (Masonry) The joint or
   interstice between stones, to be filled with mortar. Gwilt.

                                   Abricock

   A"bri*cock (#), n. See Apricot. [Obs.]

                                    Abridge

   A*bridge"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Abridged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abridging.]   [OE.  abregen,  OF.  abregier,  F.  abr\'82ger,  fr.  L.
   abbreviare; ad + brevis short. See Brief and cf. Abbreviate.]

   1. To make shorter; to shorten in duration; to lessen; to diminish; to
   curtail;  as,  to  abridge  labor;  to  abridge  power or rights. "The
   bridegroom . . . abridged his visit." Smollett.

     She  retired  herself to Sebaste, and abridged her train from state
     to necessity. Fuller.

   2.  To  shorten  or  contract  by using fewer words, yet retaining the
   sense;  to  epitomize;  to  condense;  as,  to  abridge  a  history or
   dictionary.

   3.  To  deprive;  to cut off; -- followed by of, and formerly by from;
   as, to abridge one of his rights.

                                   Abridger

   A*bridg"er (#), n. One who abridges.

                                  Abridgment

   A*bridg"ment (#), n. [OE. abregement. See Abridge.]

   1.  The  act  abridging,  or  the state of being abridged; diminution;
   lessening; reduction or deprivation; as, an abridgment of pleasures or
   of expenses.

   2.  An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form;
   an abbreviation.

     Ancient coins as abridgments of history. Addison.

   3.  That  which  abridges  or cuts short; hence, an entertainment that
   makes the time pass quickly. [Obs.]

     What  abridgment  have you for this evening? What mask? What music?
     Shak.

   Syn.  --  Abridgment,  Compendium,  Epitome,  Abstract,  Synopsis.  An
   abridgment is made by omitting the less important parts of some larger
   work;  as,  an  abridgment  of  a  dictionary. A compendium is a brief
   exhibition  of a subject, or science, for common use; as, a compendium
   of  American  literature.  An epitome corresponds to a compendium, and
   gives briefly the most material points of a subject; as, an epitome of
   history.  An  abstract  is  a  brief  statement of a thing in its main
   points.  A synopsis is a bird's-eye view of a subject, or work, in its
   several parts.

                                    Abroach

   A*broach" (#), v. t. [OE. abrochen, OF. abrochier. See Broach.] To set
   abroach; to let out, as liquor; to broach; to tap. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Abroach

   A*broach", adv. [Pref. a- + broach.]

   1.  Broached;  in a condition for letting out or yielding liquor, as a
   cask which is tapped.

     Hogsheads of ale were set abroach. Sir W. Scott.

   2.  Hence:  In  a  state  to  be diffused or propagated; afoot; astir.
   "Mischiefs that I set abroach." Shak.

                                    Abroad

   A*broad" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + broad.]

   1.  At  large;  widely; broadly; over a wide space; as, a tree spreads
   its branches abroad.

     The fox roams far abroad. Prior.

   2.  Without  a  certain  confine;  outside  the house; away from one's
   abode; as, to walk abroad.

     I  went  to  St.  James',  where another was preaching in the court
     abroad. Evelyn.

   3.  Beyond  the bounds of a country; in foreign countries; as, we have
   broils  at  home  and enemies abroad. "Another prince . . . was living
   abroad." Macaulay.

   4.  Before  the public at large; throughout society or the world; here
   and there; widely.

     He  went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the
     matter. Mark i. 45.

   To  be abroad. (a) To be wide of the mark; to be at fault; as, you are
   all abroad in your guess. (b) To be at a loss or nonplused.
   
                                   Abrogable
                                       
   Ab"ro*ga*ble (#), a. Capable of being abrogated. 

                                   Abrogate

   Ab"ro*gate  (#), a. [L. abrogatus, p. p.] Abrogated; abolished. [Obs.]
   Latimer.

                                   Abrogate

   Ab"ro*gate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Abrogated; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abrogating.]  [L.  abrogatus,  p.  p. of abrogare; ab + rogare to ask,
   require, propose. See Rogation.]

   1.  To  annul  by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of
   the  maker  or  his  successor; to repeal; -- applied to the repeal of
   laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc.

     Let  us  see  whether  the  New  Testament  abrogates  what  we  so
     frequently see in the Old. South.

     Whose laws, like those of the Medes and Persian, they can not alter
     or abrogate. Burke.

   2. To put an end to; to do away with. Shak. Syn. -- To abolish; annul;
   do away; set aside; revoke; repeal; cancel; annihilate. See Abolish.

                                  Abrogation

   Ab`ro*ga"tion (#), n. [L. abrogatio, fr. abrogare: cf. F. abrogation.]
   The act of abrogating; repeal by authority. Hume.

                                  Abrogative

   Ab"ro*ga*tive  (#),  a.  Tending  or  designed  to  abrogate;  as,  an
   abrogative law.

                                   Abrogator

   Ab"ro*ga`tor (#), n. One who repeals by authority.

                                    Abrood

   A*brood"  (#), adv. [Pref. a- + brood.] In the act of brooding. [Obs.]
   Abp. Sancroft.

                                    Abrook

   A*brook" (#), v. t. [Pref. a- + brook, v.] To brook; to endure. [Obs.]
   Shak.

                                    Abrupt

   Ab*rupt"  (#),  a. [L. abruptus, p. p. of abrumpere to break off; ab +
   rumpere to break. See Rupture.]

   1.  Broken  off;  very  steep, or craggy, as rocks, precipices, banks;
   precipitous;   steep;  as,  abrupt  places.  "Tumbling  through  ricks
   abrupt," Thomson.

   2.  Without  notice  to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty;
   unceremonious. "The cause of your abrupt departure." Shak.

   3. Having sudden transitions from one subject to another; unconnected.

     The abrupt style, which hath many breaches. B. Jonson.
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   4.  (Bot.)  Suddenly terminating, as if cut off. Gray. Syn. -- Sudden;
   unexpected;   hasty;   rough;   curt;  unceremonious;  rugged;  blunt;
   disconnected; broken.

                                    Abrupt

   Ab*rupt" (#), n. [L. abruptum.] An abrupt place. [Poetic]

     "Over the vast abrupt." Milton.

                                    Abrupt

   Ab*rupt",  v.  t.  To  tear off or asunder. [Obs.] "Till death abrupts
   them." Sir T. Browne.

                                   Abruption

   Ab*rup"tion  (#), n. [L. abruptio, fr. abrumpere: cf. F. abruption.] A
   sudden breaking off; a violent separation of bodies. Woodward.

                                   Abruptly

   Ab*rupt"ly, adv.

   1.  In  an  abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual
   forms; suddenly.

   2. Precipitously.
   Abruptly  pinnate  (Bot.),  pinnate  without  an odd leaflet, or other
   appendage, at the end. Gray.

                                  Abruptness

   Ab*rupt"ness, n.

   1.  The  state  of  being  abrupt  or broken; craggedness; ruggedness;
   steepness.

   2.  Suddenness;  unceremonious  haste  or vehemence; as, abruptness of
   style or manner.

                                    Abscess

   Ab"scess  (#),  n.;  pl.  Abscesses  (#).  [L. abscessus a going away,
   gathering  of  humors, abscess, fr. abscessus, p. p. of absedere to go
   away;  ab,  abs  +  cedere  to  go  off,  retire.  See Cede.] (Med.) A
   collection  of  pus  or  purulent matter in any tissue or organ of the
   body, the result of a morbid process. Cold abscess, an abscess of slow
   formation,  unattended  with  the  pain  and  heat  characteristic  of
   ordinary  abscesses,  and  lasting  for  years  without exhibiting any
   tendency towards healing; a chronic abscess.

                                  Abscession

   Ab*sces"sion  (#),  n.  [L.  abscessio a separation; fr. absedere. See
   Abscess.]  A  separating;  removal;  also,  an abscess. [Obs.] Gauden.
   Barrough.

                                    Abscind

   Ab*scind"  (#),  v.  t. [L. absindere; ab + scindere to rend, cut. See
   Schism.]  To  cut  off.  [R.]  "Two syllables . . . abscinded from the
   rest." Johnson.

                                   Abscision

   Ab*sci"sion (#), n. [L. abscisio.] See Abscission.

                                    Absciss

   Ab"sciss (#), n.; pl. Abscisses (#). See Abscissa.

                                   Abscissa

   Ab*scis"sa (#), n.; E. pl. Abscissas, L. pl. Absciss\'91. [L., fem. of
   abscissus,  p. p. of absindere to cut of. See Abscind.] (Geom.) One of
   the elements of reference by which a point, as of a curve, is referred
   to a system of fixed rectilineal co\'94rdinate axes.

     NOTE: When re ferred to  tw o intersecting axes, one of them called
     the  axis  of  abscissas,  or  of  X,  and  the  other  the axis of
     ordinates,  or  of Y, the abscissa of the point is the distance cut
     off  from  the axis of X by a line drawn through it and parallel to
     the  axis  of  Y.  When  a point in space is referred to three axes
     having  a  common  intersection,  the  abscissa may be the distance
     measured parallel to either of them, from the point to the plane of
     the  other  two  axes.  Abscissas  and ordinates taken together are
     called  co\'94rdinates.  -- OX or PY is the abscissa of the point P
     of  the curve, OY or PX its ordinate, the intersecting lines OX and
     OY  being the axes of abscissas and ordinates respectively, and the
     point O their origin.

                                  Abscission

   Ab*scis"sion (#), n. [L. abscissio. See Abscind.]

   1.  The  act  or  process of cutting off. "Not to be cured without the
   abscission of a member." Jer. Taylor.

   2. The state of being cut off. Sir T. Browne.

   3.  (Rhet.) A figure of speech employed when a speaker having begun to
   say  a  thing  stops abruptly: thus, "He is a man of so much honor and
   candor, and of such generosity -- but I need say no more."

                                    Abscond

   Ab*scond"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Absconded;  p. pr. & vb. n.
   Absconding.]  [L. abscondere to hide; ab, abs + condere to lay up; con
   + d\'ddre (only in comp.) to put. Cf. Do.]

   1. To hide, withdraw, or be concealed.

     The marmot absconds all winter. Ray.

   2.  To  depart  clandestinely; to steal off and secrete one's self; --
   used  especially of persons who withdraw to avoid a legal process; as,
   an absconding debtor.

     That  very  homesickness  which,  in regular armies, drives so many
     recruits to abscond. Macaulay.

                                    Abscond

   Ab*scond", v. t. To hide; to conceal. [Obs.] Bentley.

                                  Abscondence

   Ab*scond"ence (#), n. Fugitive concealment; secret retirement; hiding.
   [R.] Phillips.

                                   Absconder

   Ab*scond"er (#), n. One who absconds.

                                    Absence

   Ab"sence (#), n. [F., fr. L. absentia. See Absent.]

   1.  A  state  of  being  absent  or  withdrawn  from  a  place or from
   companionship; -- opposed to presence.

     Not  as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence. Phil.
     ii. 12.

   2.  Want;  destitution;  withdrawal.  "In  the absence of conventional
   law." Kent.

   3.  Inattention  to things present; abstraction (of mind); as, absence
   of  mind.  "Reflecting  on  the  little  absences  and distractions of
   mankind." Addison.

     To conquer that abstraction which is called absence. Landor.

                                    Absent

   Ab"sent (#), a. [F., fr. absens, absentis, p. pr. of abesse to be away
   from; ab + esse to be. Cf. Sooth.]

   1.  Being  away  from  a  place;  withdrawn from a place; not present.
   "Expecting absent friends." Shak.

   2. Not existing; lacking; as, the part was rudimental or absent.

   3.  Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied; as, an
   absent air.

     What  is  commonly  called  an absent man is commonly either a very
     weak or a very affected man. Chesterfield.

   Syn. -- Absent, Abstracted. These words both imply a want of attention
   to  surrounding objects. We speak of a man as absent when his thoughts
   wander  unconsciously  from  present scenes or topics of discourse; we
   speak  of him as abstracted when his mind (usually for a brief period)
   is   drawn  off  from  present  things  by  some  weighty  matter  for
   reflection.  Absence  of mind is usually the result of loose habits of
   thought;  abstraction commonly arises either from engrossing interests
   and cares, or from unfortunate habits of association.

                                    Absent

   Ab*sent"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Absented;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Absenting.] [Cf. F. absenter.]

   1.  To  take or withdraw (one's self) to such a distance as to prevent
   intercourse; -- used with the reflexive pronoun.

     If after due summons any member absents himself, he is to be fined.
     Addison.

   2. To withhold from being present. [Obs.] "Go; for thy stay, not free,
   absents thee more." Milton.

                                 Absentaneous

   Ab`sen*ta"ne*ous  (#),  a. [LL. absentaneus. See absent] Pertaining to
   absence. [Obs.]

                                  Absentation

   Ab`sen*ta"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  absenting  one's  self. Sir W.
   Hamilton.

                                   Absentee

   Ab`sen*tee"  (#), n. One who absents himself from his country, office,
   post,  or  duty; especially, a landholder who lives in another country
   or  district  than  that  where  his  estate is situated; as, an Irish
   absentee. Macaulay.

                                  Absenteeism

   Ab`sen*tee"ism  (#), n. The state or practice of an absentee; esp. the
   practice  of  absenting  one's self from the country or district where
   one's estate is situated.

                                   Absenter

   Ab*sent"er (#), n. One who absents one's self.

                                   Absently

   Ab"sent*ly (#), adv. In an absent or abstracted manner.

                                  Absentment

   Ab*sent"ment  (#),  n.  The  state  of  being absent; withdrawal. [R.]
   Barrow.

                                 Absent-minded

   Ab`sent-mind"ed(#),  a.  Absent  in  mind; abstracted; preoccupied. --
   Ab`sent-mind"ed*ness, n. -- Ab`sent-mind"ed*ly, adv.

                                  Absentness

   Ab"sent*ness (#), n. The quality of being absent-minded. H. Miller.

                                  Absey-book

   Ab"sey-book`(#), n. An A-B-C book; a primer. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Absinthate

   Ab"sin"thate  (#),  n.  (Chem.) A combination of absinthic acid with a
   base or positive radical.

                               Absinth, Absinthe

   Ab"sinth`, Ab"sinthe` (#), n. [F. absinthe. See Absinthium.]

   1. The plant absinthium or common wormwood.

   2.  A  strong  spirituous  liqueur  made  from  wormwood and brandy or
   alcohol.

                                  Absinthial

   Ab*sin"thi*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to wormwood; absinthian.

                                  Absinthian

   Ab*sin"thi*an   (#),   n.  Of  the  nature  of  wormwood.  "Absinthian
   bitterness." T. Randolph.

                                  Absinthiate

   Ab"sin"thi*ate  (#),  v.  t. [From L. absinthium: cf. L. absinthiatus,
   a.] To impregnate with wormwood.

                                 Absinthiated

   Ab*sin"thi*a`ted  (#),  a. Impregnated with wormwood; as, absinthiated
   wine.

                                   Absinthic

   Ab*sin"thic  (#),  a. (Chem.) Relating to the common wormwood or to an
   acid obtained from it.

                                   Absinthin

   Ab*sin"thin   (#),   n.  (Chem.)  The  bitter  principle  of  wormwood
   (Artemisia absinthium). Watts.

                                  Absinthism

   Ab"sin*thism  (#), n. The condition of being poisoned by the excessive
   use of absinth.

                                  Absinthium

   Ab*sin"thi*um  (#),  n.  [L.,  from  Gr.  (Bot.)  The  common wormwood
   (Artemisia absinthium), an intensely bitter plant, used as a tonic and
   for making the oil of wormwood.

                                     Absis

   Ab"sis (#), n. See Apsis.

                                    Absist

   Ab*sist"  (#),  v. i. [L. absistere, p. pr. absistens; ab + sistere to
   stand,  causal  of  stare.]  To  stand  apart  from; top leave off; to
   desist. [Obs.] Raleigh.

                                  Absistence

   Ab*sist"ence (#), n. A standing aloof. [Obs.]

                                   Absolute

   Ab"so*lute  (#),  a. [L. absolutus, p. p. of absolvere: cf. F. absolu.
   See Absolve.]

   1.   Loosed   from   any   limitation   or   condition;  uncontrolled;
   unrestricted;   unconditional;   as,   absolute  authority,  monarchy,
   sovereignty,  an  absolute  promise  or  command;  absolute  power; an
   absolute monarch.

   2.  Complete  in  itself; perfect; consummate; faultless; as, absolute
   perfection; absolute beauty.

     So absolute she seems, And in herself complete. Milton.

   3.  Viewed  apart from modifying influences or without comparison with
   other  objects;  actual; real; -- opposed to relative and comparative;
   as, absolute motion; absolute time or space.

     NOTE: Absolute ri ghts an d du ties are such as pertain to man in a
     state  of  nature  as  contradistinguished from relative rights and
     duties, or such as pertain to him in his social relations.

   4.  Loosed  from,  or  unconnected  by, dependence on any other being;
   self-existent; self-sufficing.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse Go d is  ca lled th e Absolute by the
     Theist.  The term is also applied by the Pantheist to the universe,
     or  the total of all existence, as only capable of relations in its
     parts  to  each  other  and  to the whole, and as dependent for its
     existence  and  its  phenomena on its mutually depending forces and
     their laws.

   5.   Capable   of   being   thought  or  conceived  by  itself  alone;
   unconditioned; non-relative.

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  in dispute among philosopher whether the term,
     in  this  sense,  is  not  applied  to  a  mere  logical fiction or
     abstraction,  or  whether  the  absolute,  as  thus defined, can be
     known, as a reality, by the human intellect.

     To  Cusa  we  can  indeed  articulately  trace, word and thing, the
     recent philosophy of the absolute. Sir W. Hamilton.

   6. Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful. [R.]

     I am absolute 't was very Cloten. Shak.

   7. Authoritative; peremptory. [R.]

     The  peddler  stopped,  and  tapped  her on the head, With absolute
     forefinger, brown and ringed. Mrs. Browning.

   8. (Chem.) Pure; unmixed; as, absolute alcohol.

   9.  (Gram.)  Not  immediately  dependent  on  the  other  parts of the
   sentence  in government; as, the case absolute. See Ablative absolute,
   under Ablative.
   Absolute  curvature  (Geom.),  that  curvature  of  a  curve of double
   curvature,  which is measured in the osculating plane of the curve. --
   Absolute  equation  (Astron.),  the  sum  of  the  optic and eccentric
   equations.  --  Absolute  space  (Physics),  space  considered without
   relation  to  material  limits  or objects. -- Absolute terms. (Alg.),
   such  as  are  known,  or  which  do not contain the unknown quantity.
   Davies  &  Peck. -- Absolute temperature (Physics), the temperature as
   measured  on  a  scale  determined  by  certain general thermo-dynamic
   principles,  and  reckoned  from  the  absolute zero. -- Absolute zero
   (Physics),  the  be  ginning,  or zero point, in the scale of absolute
   temperature.   It   is  equivalent  to  -273°  centigrade  or  -459.4°
   Fahrenheit.  Syn.  --  Positive;  peremptory;  certain; unconditional;
   unlimited; unrestricted; unqualified; arbitrary; despotic; autocratic.

                                   Absolute

   Ab"so*lute  (#),  n.  (Geom.)  In  a plane, the two imaginary circular
   points at infinity; in space of three dimensions, the imaginary circle
   at infinity.

                                  Absolutely

   Ab"so*lute*ly,  adv.  In  an  absolute,  independent, or unconditional
   manner; wholly; positively.

                                 Absoluteness

   Ab"so*lute*ness,  n.  The  quality  of being absolute; independence of
   everything  extraneous;  unlimitedness;  absolute  power;  independent
   reality; positiveness.

                                  Absolution

   Ab`so*lu"tion  (#),  n. [F. absolution, L. absolutio, fr. absolvere to
   absolve. See Absolve.]

   1.  An  absolving,  or  setting  free  from  guilt,  sin,  or penalty;
   forgiveness  of  an  offense. "Government . . . granting absolution to
   the nation." Froude.

   2.  (Civil  Law)  An  acquittal,  or sentence of a judge declaring and
   accused person innocent. [Obs.]

   3.  (R. C. Ch.) The exercise of priestly jurisdiction in the sacrament
   of  penance, by which Catholics believe the sins of the truly penitent
   are forgiven.

     NOTE: &hand; In the English and other Protestant churches, this act
     regarded as simply declaratory, not as imparting forgiveness.

   4. (Eccl.) An absolving from ecclesiastical penalties, -- for example,
   excommunication. P. Cyc.

   5. The form of words by which a penitent is absolved. Shipley.

   6. Delivery, in speech. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
   Absolution day (R. C. Ch.), Tuesday before Easter.

                                  Absolutism

   Ab"so*lu`tism (#), n.

   1.  The  state  of  being  absolute;  the  system  or  doctrine of the
   absolute;   the  principles  or  practice  of  absolute  or  arbitrary
   government; despotism.

     The element of absolutism and prelacy was controlling. Palfrey.

   2. (Theol.) Doctrine of absolute decrees. Ash.

                                  Absolutist

   Ab"so*lu`tist (#), n.

   1. One who is in favor of an absolute or autocratic government.

   2.  (Metaph.)  One  who  believes  that  it  is  possible to realize a
   cognition or concept of the absolute. Sir. W. Hamilton.

                                  Absolutist

   Ab"so*lu`tist, a. Of or pertaining to absolutism; arbitrary; despotic;
   as, absolutist principles.

                                 Absolutistic

   Ab`so*lu*tis"tic (#), a. Pertaining to absolutism; absolutist.

                                  Absolutory

   Ab*sol"u*to*ry  (#),  a.  [L. absolutorius, fr. absolvere to absolve.]
   Serving to absolve; absolving. "An absolutory sentence." Ayliffe.

                                  Absolvable

   Ab*solv"a*ble (#), a. That may be absolved.

                                  Absolvatory

   Ab*solv"a*to*ry (#), a. Conferring absolution; absolutory.

                                    Absolve

   Ab*solve"  (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Absolved (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Absolving.]  [L.  absolvere  to  set free, to absolve; ab + solvere to
   loose. See Assoil, Solve.]

   1.  To  set  free,  or  release,  as  from  some  obligation, debt, or
   responsibility,  or  from the consequences of guilt or such ties as it
   would  be sin or guilt to violate; to pronounce free; as, to absolve a
   subject  from his allegiance; to absolve an offender, which amounts to
   an acquittal and remission of his punishment.

     Halifax was absolved by a majority of fourteen. Macaulay.

   2. To free from a penalty; to pardon; to remit (a sin); -- said of the
   sin or guilt.

     In his name I absolve your perjury. Gibbon.

   3. To finish; to accomplish. [Obs.]

     The work begun, how soon absolved. Milton.

   4. To resolve or explain. [Obs.] "We shall not absolve the doubt." Sir
   T. Browne.
   Syn.  --  To Absolve, Exonerate, Acquit. We speak of a man as absolved
   from  something  that  binds his conscience, or involves the charge of
   wrongdoing;  as,  to absolve from allegiance or from the obligation of
   an  oath, or a promise. We speak of a person as exonerated, when he is
   released  from some burden which had rested upon him; as, to exonerate
   from  suspicion, to exonerate from blame or odium. It implies a purely
   moral  acquittal.  We  speak of a person as acquitted, when a decision
   has been made in his favor with reference to a specific charge, either
   by  a  jury  or  by disinterested persons; as, he was acquitted of all
   participation in the crime.

                                   Absolvent

   Ab*solv"ent  (#),  a.  [L. absolvens, p. pr. of absolvere.] Absolving.
   [R.] Carlyle.

                                   Absolvent

   Ab*solv"ent, n. An absolver. [R.] Hobbes.

                                   Absolver

   Ab*solv"er (#), n. One who absolves. Macaulay.

                                   Absonant

   Ab"so*nant  (#),  a.  [L.  ab  +  sonans,  p. pr. of sonare to sound.]
   Discordant;  contrary;  -- opposed to consonant. "Absonant to nature."
   Quarles.

                                   Absonous

   Ab"so*nous  (#),  a.  [L.  absonus;  ab  +  sonus  sound.] Discordant;
   inharmonious; incongruous. [Obs.] "Absonous to our reason." Glanvill.

                                    Absorb

   Ab*sorb"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Absorbed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Absorbing.]  [L.  absorbere;  ab  +  sorbere  to  suck in, akin to Gr.
   absorber.]

   1. To swallow up; to engulf; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if
   by  swallowing  up; to use up; to include. "Dark oblivion soon absorbs
   them all." Cowper.

     The large cities absorb the wealth and fashion. W. Irving.

   2.  To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe; as a sponge or as the lacteals
   of the body. Bacon.

   3. To engross or engage wholly; to occupy fully; as, absorbed in study
   or the pursuit of wealth.

   4.  To take up by cohesive, chemical, or any molecular action, as when
   charcoal  absorbs  gases. So heat, light, and electricity are absorbed
   or  taken up in the substances into which they pass. Nichol. p. 8 Syn.
   --  To  Absorb,  Engross, Swallow up, Engulf. These words agree in one
   general idea, that of completely taking up. They are chiefly used in a
   figurative  sense  and  may  be  distinguished by a reference to their
   etymology. We speak of a person as absorbed (lit., drawn in, swallowed
   up)  in  study  or  some  other employment of the highest interest. We
   speak  of  a  person  as ebgrossed (lit., seized upon in the gross, or
   wholly)  by  something  which occupies his whole time and thoughts, as
   the  acquisition  of wealth, or the attainment of honor. We speak of a
   person (under a stronger image) as swallowed up and lost in that which
   completely  occupies  his  thoughts  and  feelings, as in grief at the
   death  of  a friend, or in the multiplied cares of life. We speak of a
   person  as engulfed in that which (like a gulf) takes in all his hopes
   and interests; as, engulfed in misery, ruin, etc.

     That grave question which had begun to absorb the Christian mind --
     the marriage of the clergy. Milman.

     Too  long  hath  love  engrossed  Britannia's  stage,  And  sunk to
     softness all our tragic rage. Tickell.

     Should not the sad occasion swallow up My other cares? Addison.

     And in destruction's river Engulf and swallow those. Sir P. Sidney.

                                 Absorbability

   Ab*sorb`a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. The state or quality of being absorbable.
   Graham (Chemistry).

                                  Absorbable

   Ab*sorb"a*ble,  a.  [Cf.  F. absorbable.] Capable of being absorbed or
   swallowed up. Kerr.

                                  Absorbedly

   Ab*sorb"ed*ly, adv. In a manner as if wholly engrossed or engaged.

                                  Absorbency

   Ab*sorb"en*cy (#), n. Absorptiveness.

                                   Absorbent

   Ab*sorb"ent  (#),  a.  [L. absorbens, p. pr. of absorbere.] Absorbing;
   swallowing;  absorptive.  Absorbent ground (Paint.), a ground prepared
   for  a  picture, chiefly with distemper, or water colors, by which the
   oil is absorbed, and a brilliancy is imparted to the colors.

                                   Absorbent

   Ab*sorb"ent, n.

   1. Anything which absorbs.

     The ocean, itself a bad absorbent of heat. Darwin.

   2.  (Med.)  Any  substance which absorbs and neutralizes acid fluid in
   the  stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, etc.; also a substance e.
   g.,  iodine)  which  acts  on  the  absorbent  vessels so as to reduce
   enlarged and indurated parts.

   3. pl. (Physiol.) The vessels by which the processes of absorption are
   carried on, as the lymphatics in animals, the extremities of the roots
   in plants.

                                   Absorber

   Ab*sorb"er (#), n. One who, or that which, absorbs.

                                   Absorbing

   Ab*sorb"ing,  a.  Swallowing, engrossing; as, an absorbing pursuit. --
   Ab*sorb"ing, adv.

                                  Absorbition

   Ab`sor*bi"tion (#), n. Absorption. [Obs.]

                                    Absorpt

   Ab*sorpt`  (#), a. [L. absorptus, p. p.] Absorbed. [Arcahic.] "Absorpt
   in care." Pope.

                                  Absorption

   Ab*sorp"tion (#), n. [L. absorptio, fr. absorbere. See Absorb.]

   1. The act or process of absorbing or sucking in anything, or of being
   absorbed  and  made  to  disappear;  as, the absorption of bodies in a
   whirlpool, the absorption of a smaller tribe into a larger.

   2. (Chem. & Physics) An imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical
   action; as, the absorption of light, heat, electricity, etc.

   3.  (Physiol.) In living organisms, the process by which the materials
   of  growth  and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed to the tissues and
   organs.

   4.  Entire  engrossment  or  occupation of the mind; as, absorption in
   some employment.

                                  Absorptive

   Ab*sorp"tive  (#), a. Having power, capacity, or tendency to absorb or
   imbibe. E. Darwin.

                                Absorptiveness

   Ab*sorp"tive*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being absorptive; absorptive
   power.

                                 Absorptivity

   Ab`sorp*tiv"i*ty (#), n. Absorptiveness.

                                 Absquatulate

   Ab*squat"u*late  (#),  v.  i.  To  take  one's self off; to decamp. [A
   jocular word. U. S.]

                                  Absque hoc

   Abs"que  hoc  (#).  [L.,  without  this.] (Law) The technical words of
   denial used in traversing what has been alleged, and is repeated.

                                    Abstain

   Ab*stain"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  & p. p. Abstained (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abstaining.]  [OE.  absteynen,  abstenen,  OF.  astenir,  abstenir, F.
   abstenir,  fr.  L.  abstinere, abstentum, v. t. & v. i., to keep from;
   ab,  abs  + tenere to hold. See Tenable.] To hold one's self aloof; to
   forbear  or  refrain voluntarily, and especially from an indulgence of
   the passions or appetites; -- with from.

     Not a few abstained from voting. Macaulay.

     Who abstains from meat that is not gaunt? Shak.

   Syn.  --  To  refrain;  forbear;  withhold;  deny one's self; give up;
   relinquish.

                                    Abstain

   Ab*stain", v. t. To hinder; to withhold.

     Whether he abstain men from marrying. Milton.

                                   Abstainer

   Ab*stain"er  (#), n. One who abstains; esp., one who abstains from the
   use of intoxicating liquors.

                                  Abstemious

   Ab*ste"mi*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  abstemius;  ab,  abs  +  root of temetum
   intoxicating drink.]

   1. Abstaining from wine. [Orig. Latin sense.]

     Under  his  special  eye  Abstemious  I  grew up and thrived amain.
     Milton.

   2.  Sparing  in  diet;  refraining  from a free use of food and strong
   drinks;  temperate;  abstinent;  sparing  in  the  indulgence  of  the
   appetite or passions.

     Instances of longevity are chiefly among the abstemious. Arbuthnot.

   3.  Sparingly  used;  used  with  temperance  or  moderation;  as,  an
   abstemious diet. Gibbon.

   4.  Marked  by,  or spent in, abstinence; as, an abstemious life. "One
   abstemious day." Pope.

   5. Promotive of abstemiousness. [R.]

     Such is the virtue of the abstemious well. Dryden.

                                Abstemiousness

   Ab*ste"mi*ous*ness,  n. The quality of being abstemious, temperate, or
   sparing  in  the use of food and strong drinks. It expresses a greater
   degree of abstinence than temperance.

                                  Abstention

   Ab*sten"tion  (#),  a.  [F.  See  Abstain.]  The  act of abstaining; a
   holding aloof. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Abstentious

   Ab*sten"tious  (#),  a. Characterized by abstinence; self-restraining.
   Farrar.

                                   Absterge

   Ab*sterge  (#),  v. t. [L. abstergere, abstersum; ab, abs + tergere to
   wipe.  Cf.  F  absterger.]  To  make clean by wiping; to wipe away; to
   cleanse; hence, to purge. [R.] Quincy.

                                  Abstergent

   Ab*ster"gent (#), a. [L. abstergens, p. pr. of abstergere.] Serving to
   cleanse, detergent.

                                  Abstergent

   Ab*ster"gent,  n. A substance used in cleansing; a detergent; as, soap
   is an abstergent.

                                   Absterse

   Ab*sterse"  (#),  v. t. To absterge; to cleanse; to purge away. [Obs.]
   Sir T. Browne.

                                  Abstersion

   Ab*ster"sion  (#),  n.  [F.  abstersion.  See Absterge.] Act of wiping
   clean; a cleansing; a purging.

     The task of ablution and abstersion being performed. Sir W. Scott.

                                  Abstersive

   Ab*ster"sive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  abstersif. See Absterge.] Cleansing;
   purging. Bacon.

                                  Abstersive

   Ab*ster"sive, n. Something cleansing.

     The strong abstersive of some heroic magistrate. Milton.

                                Abstersiveness

   Ab*ster"sive*ness, n. The quality of being abstersive. Fuller.

                                  Abstinence

   Ab"sti*nence  (#),  n.  [F. abstinence, L. abstinentia, fr. abstinere.
   See Abstain.]

   1.  The  act  or  practice of abstaining; voluntary forbearance of any
   action,  especially  the refraining from an indulgence of appetite, or
   from  customary  gratifications  of  animal  or  sensual propensities.
   Specifically,  the practice of abstaining from intoxicating beverages,
   -- called also total abstinence.

     The  abstinence  from  a  present  pleasure that offers itself is a
     pain, nay, oftentimes, a very great one. Locke.

   2.  The  practice  of  self-denial  by depriving one's self of certain
   kinds of food or drink, especially of meat.

     Penance,  fasts,  and  abstinence,  To punish bodies for the soul's
     offense. Dryden.

                                  Abstinency

   Ab"sti*nen*cy (#), n. Abstinence. [R.]

                                   Abstinent

   Ab"sti*nent  (#), a. [F. abstinent, L. abstinens, p. pr. of abstinere.
   See   Abstain.]   Refraining  from  indulgence,  especially  from  the
   indulgence of appetite; abstemious; continent; temperate. Beau. & Fl.

                                   Abstinent

   Ab"sti*nent, n.

   1. One who abstains.

   2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect who appeared in France and Spain in the
   3d century.

                                  Abstinently

   Ab"sti*nent*ly, adv. With abstinence.

                                   Abstorted

   Ab*stort"ed (#), a. [As if fr. abstort, fr. L. ab, abs + tortus, p. p.
   of torquere to twist.] Wrested away. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Abstract

   Ab"stract`  (#;  277),  a. [L. abstractus, p. p. of abstrahere to draw
   from, separate; ab, abs + trahere to draw. See Trace.]

   1. Withdraw; separate. [Obs.]

     The more abstract . . . we are from the body. Norris.

   2.  Considered  apart  from  any  application  to a particular object;
   separated  from  matter; exiting in the mind only; as, abstract truth,
   abstract numbers. Hence: ideal; abstruse; difficult.

   3.  (Logic)  (a)  Expressing a particular property of an object viewed
   apart  from  the  other  properties which constitute it; -- opposed to
   concrete;  as,  honesty is an abstract word. J. S. Mill. (b) Resulting
   from  the  mental  faculty  of  abstraction;  general  as  opposed  to
   particular; as, "reptile" is an abstract or general name. Locke.

     A  concrete  name  is  a name which stands for a thing; an abstract
     name which stands for an attribute of a thing. A practice has grown
     up  in  more  modern  times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has
     gained  currency  from  his  example,  of  applying  the expression
     "abstract  name"  to  all names which are the result of abstraction
     and  generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead
     of confining it to the names of attributes. J. S. Mill.

   4. Abstracted; absent in mind. "Abstract, as in a trance." Milton.
   An  abstract  idea (Metaph.), an idea separated from a complex object,
   or  from  other ideas which naturally accompany it; as the solidity of
   marble  when  contemplated apart from its color or figure. -- Abstract
   terms,  those  which  express  abstract  ideas,  as beauty, whiteness,
   roundness,  without  regarding  any  object  in  which  they exist; or
   abstract  terms  are the names of orders, genera or species of things,
   in  which  there  is  a  combination of similar qualities. -- Abstract
   numbers  (Math.), numbers used without application to things, as 6, 8,
   10;  but  when  applied  to  any thing, as 6 feet, 10 men, they become
   concrete. -- Abstract OR Pure mathematics. See Mathematics.

                                   Abstract

   Ab*stract"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Abstracted; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Abstracting.] [See Abstract, a.]

   1. To withdraw; to separate; to take away.

     He  was  incapable  of forming any opinion or resolution abstracted
     from his own prejudices. Sir W. Scott.

   2. To draw off in respect to interest or attention; as, his was wholly
   abstracted by other objects.

     The young stranger had been abstracted and silent. Blackw. Mag.

   3. To separate, as ideas, by the operation of the mind; to consider by
   itself; to contemplate separately, as a quality or attribute. Whately.

   4. To epitomize; to abridge. Franklin.

   5.  To take secretly or dishonestly; to purloin; as, to abstract goods
   from a parcel, or money from a till.

     Von  Rosen  had  quietly  abstracted  the  bearing-reins  from  the
     harness. W. Black.

   6.  (Chem.)  To  separate,  as the more volatile or soluble parts of a
   substance,  by distillation or other chemical processes. In this sense
   extract is now more generally used.

                                   Abstract

   Ab*stract", v. t. To perform the process of abstraction. [R.]

     I own myself able to abstract in one sense. Berkeley.

                                   Abstract

   Ab"stract` (#), n. [See Abstract, a.]

   1.  That  which  comprises  or  concentrates  in  itself the essential
   qualities  of  a  larger  thing  or of several things. Specifically: A
   summary  or an epitome, as of a treatise or book, or of a statement; a
   brief.

     An abstract of every treatise he had read. Watts.

     Man,  the  abstract  Of  all  perfection,  which the workmanship Of
     Heaven hath modeled. Ford.

   2.  A state of separation from other things; as, to consider a subject
   in the abstract, or apart from other associated things.

   3. An abstract term.

     The concretes "father" and "son" have, or might have, the abstracts
     "paternity" and "filiety." J. S. Mill.

   4. (Med.) A powdered solid extract of a vegetable substance mixed with
   sugar  of  milk  in  such  proportion  that  one  part of the abstract
   represents two parts of the original substance.
   Abstract  of  title  (Law),  an epitome of the evidences of ownership.
   Syn. -- Abridgment; compendium; epitome; synopsis. See Abridgment.

                                  Abstracted

   Ab*stract"ed (#), a.

   1. Separated or disconnected; withdrawn; removed; apart.

     The evil abstracted stood from his own evil. Milton.

   2. Separated from matter; abstract; ideal. [Obs.]

   3. Abstract; abstruse; difficult. [Obs.] Johnson.

   4.  Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind. "An abstracted
   scholar." Johnson.

                                 Abstractedly

   Ab*stract"ed*ly,  adv.  In  an  abstracted  manner;  separately;  with
   absence of mind.

                                Abstractedness

   Ab*stract"ed*ness,   n.   The  state  of  being  abstracted;  abstract
   character.

                                  Abstracter

   Ab*stract"er (#), n. One who abstracts, or makes an abstract.

                                  Abstraction

   Ab*strac"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. abstraction. See Abstract, a.]

   1. The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or the state of
   being withdrawn; withdrawal.

     A  wrongful  abstraction  of  wealth  from  certain  members of the
     community. J. S. Mill.

   2.  (Metaph.)  The  act process of leaving out of consideration one or
   more  properties  of  a  complex  object  so  as  to attend to others;
   analysis.  Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by itself,
   or  the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure, the
   act  is  called  abstraction.  So,  also, when it considers whiteness,
   softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.

     NOTE: &hand; Ab straction is  necessary to classification, by which
     things  are arranged in genera and species. We separate in idea the
     qualities  of  certain  objects,  which  are of the same kind, from
     others which are different, in each, and arrange the objects having
     the same properties in a class, or collected body.

     Abstraction  is  no  positive  act:  it  is  simply the negative of
     attention. Sir W. Hamilton.

   3.  An  idea  or  notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; as, to
   fight for mere abstractions.

   4.  A  separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a hermit's
   abstraction.

   5. Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects.

   6.  The  taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property
   of another; purloining. [Modern]

   7.  (Chem.) A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation.
   Nicholson.

                                 Abstractional

   Ab*strac"tion*al (#), a. Pertaining to abstraction.

                                Abstractionist

   Ab*strac"tion*ist, n. An idealist. Emerson.

                                Abstractitious

   Ab`strac*ti"tious (#), a. Obtained from plants by distillation. [Obs.]
   Crabb.

                                  Abstractive

   Ab*strac"tive  (#),  a.  [Cf.  F.  abstractif.]  Having  the  power of
   abstracting;  of  an abstracting nature. "The abstractive faculty." I.
   Taylor.

                                 Abstractively

   Ab*strac"tive*ly,  adv.  In  a  abstract  manner; separately; in or by
   itself. Feltham.

                                Abstractiveness

   Ab*strac"tive*ness,  n.  The quality of being abstractive; abstractive
   property.

                                  Abstractly

   Ab"stract`ly   (#;   277),  adv.  In  an  abstract  state  or  manner;
   separately; absolutely; by itself; as, matter abstractly considered.

                                 Abstractness

   Ab"stract`ness, n. The quality of being abstract. "The abstractness of
   the ideas." Locke.

                                   Abstringe

   Ab*stringe"  (#),  v.  t.  [L  ab  +  stringere,  strictum,  to  press
   together.] To unbind. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Abstrude

   Ab*strude"  (#),  v. t. [L. abstrudere. See Abstruse.] To thrust away.
   [Obs.] Johnson.

                                   Abstruse

   Ab*struse"  (#), a. [L. abstrusus, p. p. of abstrudere to thrust away,
   conceal; ab, abs + trudere to thrust; cf. F. abstrus. See Threat.]

   1. Concealed or hidden out of the way. [Obs.]

     The eternal eye whose sight discerns Abstrusest thoughts. Milton.

   2.   Remote   from  apprehension;  difficult  to  be  comprehended  or
   understood; recondite; as, abstruse learning.

     Profound and abstruse topics. Milman.

                                  Abstrusely

   Ab*struse"ly, adv. In an abstruse manner.

                                 Abstruseness

   Ab*struse"ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  abstruse;  difficulty of
   apprehension. Boyle.

                                  Abstrusion

   Ab*stru"sion  (#),  n.  [L.  abstrusio.  See  Abstruse.]  The  act  of
   thrusting away. [R.] Ogilvie.

                                  Abstrusity

   Ab*stru"si*ty  (#),  n. Abstruseness; that which is abstruse. [R.] Sir
   T. Browne.

                                    Absume

   Ab*sume"  (#), v. t. [L. absumere, absumptum; ab + sumere to take.] To
   consume gradually; to waste away. [Obs.] Boyle.

                                  Absumption

   Ab*sump"tion  (#;  215), n. [L. absumptio. See Absume.] Act of wasting
   away; a consuming; extinction. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                    Absurd

   Ab*surd" (#), a. [L. absurdus harsh-sounding; ab + (prob) a derivative
   fr. a root svar to sound; not connected with surd: cf. F. absurde. See
   Syringe.]  Contrary  to  reason  or  propriety;  obviously  and fiatly
   opposed  to  manifest  truth;  inconsistent with the plain dictates of
   common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; as, an
   absurd person, an absurd opinion; an absurd dream.

     This proffer is absurd and reasonless. Shak.

     'This phrase absurd to call a villain great. Pope.

   p.   9   Syn.   --   Foolish;  irrational;  ridiculous;  preposterous;
   inconsistent;    incongruous.    --   Absurd,   Irrational,   Foolish,
   Preposterous. Of these terms, irrational is the weakest, denoting that
   which  is  plainly inconsistent with the dictates of sound reason; as,
   an irrational course of life. Foolish rises higher, and implies either
   a  perversion  of  that faculty, or an absolute weakness or fatuity of
   mind;  as,  foolish  enterprises.  Absurd rises still higher, denoting
   that  which  is  plainly  opposed to received notions of propriety and
   truth;  as,  an  absurd  man,  project, opinion, story, argument, etc.
   Preposterous rises still higher, and supposes an absolute inversion in
   the order of things; or, in plain terms, a "putting of the cart before
   the  horse;"  as,  a  preposterous suggestion, preposterous conduct, a
   preposterous regulation or law.

                                    Absurd

   Ab*surd" (#), n. An absurdity. [Obs.] Pope.

                                   Absurdity

   Ab*surd"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Absurdities  (#). [L. absurditas: cf. F.
   absurdite.]

   1.  The  quality  of  being absurd or inconsistent with obvious truth,
   reason,  or  sound  judgment.  "The absurdity of the actual idea of an
   infinite number." Locke.

   2. That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical contradiction.

     His travels were full of absurdities. Johnson.

                                   Absurdly

   Ab*surd"ly, adv. In an absurd manner.

                                  Absurdness

   Ab*surd"ness, n. Absurdity. [R.]

                                     Abuna

   A*bu"na  (#), n. [Eth. and Ar., our father.] The Patriarch, or head of
   the Abyssinian Church.

                                   Abundance

   A*bun"dance  (#),  n.  [OE.  (h)abudaunce, abundance, F. abundance, F.
   abondance,  L.  abundantia,  fr. abundare. See Abound.] An overflowing
   fullness;  ample sufficiency; great plenty; profusion; copious supply;
   superfluity;  wealth:  --  strictly  applicable  to quantity only, but
   sometimes used of number.

     It  is  lamentable  to  remember what abundance of noble blood hath
     been shed with small benefit to the Christian state. Raleigh.

   Syn.  --  Exuberance;  plenteousness;  plenty;  copiousness; overflow;
   riches;  affluence;  wealth.  --  Abundance, Plenty, Exuberance. These
   words  rise upon each other in expressing the idea of fullness. Plenty
   denotes a sufficiency to supply every want; as, plenty of food, plenty
   of  money,  etc.  Abundance  express  more,  and  gives  the  idea  of
   superfluity  or  excess;  as, abundance of riches, an abundance of wit
   and  humor;  often,  however, it only denotes plenty in a high degree.
   Exuberance  rises  still higher, and implies a bursting forth on every
   side,  producing great superfluity or redundance; as, an exuberance of
   mirth, an exuberance of animal spirits, etc.

                                   Abundant

   A*bun"dant  (#),  a.  [OE. (h)abundant, aboundant, F. abondant, fr. L.
   abudans, p. pr. of abundare. See Abound.] Fully sufficient; plentiful;
   in  copious  supply;  --  followed by in, rarely by with. "Abundant in
   goodness  and  truth."  Exod.  xxxiv.  6.  Abundant  number (Math.), a
   number,  the  sum  of  whose  aliquot parts exceeds the number itself.
   Thus, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, the aliquot parts of 12, make the number 16. This
   is opposed to a deficient number, as 14, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2,
   7,  the sum of which is 10; and to a perfect number, which is equal to
   the  sum of its aliquot parts, as 6, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2., 3.
   Syn.  -- Ample; plentiful; copious; plenteous; exuberant; overflowing;
   rich; teeming; profuse; bountiful; liberal. See Ample.
   
                                  Abundantly
                                       
   A*bun"dant*ly, adv. In a sufficient degree; fully; amply; plentifully;
   in large measure.
   
                                    Aburst
                                       
   A*burst" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + burst.] In a bursting condition.
   
                                   Abusable
                                       
   A*bus"a*ble (#), a. That may be abused. 

                                    Abusage

   A*bus"age (#), n. Abuse. [Obs.] Whately (1634).

                                     Abuse

   A*buse" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abusing.]
   [F.  abuser;  L.  abusus, p. p. of abuti to abuse, misuse; ab + uti to
   use. See Use.]

   1. To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to misuse; to put to a bad use;
   to  use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert; as, to abuse inherited
   gold; to make an excessive use of; as, to abuse one's authority.

     This  principle  (if one may so abuse the word) shoots rapidly into
     popularity. Froude.

   2. To use ill; to maltreat; to act injuriously to; to punish or to tax
   excessively;  to  hurt; as, to abuse prisoners, to abuse one's powers,
   one's patience.

   3. To revile; to reproach coarsely; to disparage.

     The . . . tellers of news abused the general. Macaulay.

   4. To dishonor. "Shall flight abuse your name?" Shak.

   5. To violate; to ravish. Spenser.

   6. To deceive; to impose on. [Obs.]

     Their  eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud, and abused
     by a double object. Jer. Taylor.

   Syn.  --  To  maltreat;  injure; revile; reproach; vilify; vituperate;
   asperse; traduce; malign.

                                     Abuse

   A*buse" (#), n. [F. abus, L. abusus, fr. abuti. See Abuse, v. t.]

   1.  Improper  treatment or use; application to a wrong or bad purpose;
   misuse;  as, an abuse of our natural powers; an abuse of civil rights,
   or of privileges or advantages; an abuse of language.

     Liberty  may  be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by
     the abuses of power. Madison.

   2.  Physical  ill  treatment;  injury.  "Rejoice . . . at the abuse of
   Falstaff." Shak.

   3. A corrupt practice or custom; offense; crime; fault; as, the abuses
   in the civil service.

     Abuse after disappeared without a struggle.. Macaulay.

   4.  Vituperative  words;  coarse,  insulting speech; abusive language;
   virulent condemnation; reviling.

     The  two  parties,  after  exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to
     blows. Macaulay.

   5. Violation; rape; as, abuse of a female child. [Obs.]

     Or is it some abuse, and no such thing? Shak.

   Abuse  of  distress  (Law),  a  wrongful using of an animal or chattel
   distrained, by the distrainer. Syn. -- Invective; contumely; reproach;
   scurrility;   insult;   opprobrium.  --  Abuse,  Invective.  Abuse  is
   generally  prompted  by anger, and vented in harsh and unseemly words.
   It  is  more personal and coarse than invective. Abuse generally takes
   place in private quarrels; invective in writing or public discussions.
   Invective  may  be  conveyed  in  refined  language  and  dictated  by
   indignation against what is blameworthy. C. J. Smith.

                                   Abuseful

   A*buse"ful  (#), a. Full of abuse; abusive. [R.] "Abuseful names." Bp.
   Barlow.

                                    Abuser

   A*bus"er (#), n. One who abuses [in the various senses of the verb].

                                    Abusion

   A*bu"sion  (#),  n. [OE. abusion, abusioun, OF. abusion, fr. L. abusio
   misuse  of  words,  f. abuti. See Abuse, v. t.] Evil or corrupt usage;
   abuse; wrong; reproach; deception; cheat. Chaucer.

                                    Abusive

   A*bu"sive (#), a. [Cf. F. abusif, fr. L. abusivus.]

   1. Wrongly used; perverted; misapplied.

     I  am  .  .  .  necessitated to use the word Parliament improperly,
     according to the abusive acceptation thereof. Fuller.

   2.  Given  to  misusing;  also, full of abuses. [Archaic] "The abusive
   prerogatives of his see." Hallam.

   3.  Practicing abuse; prone to ill treat by coarse, insulting words or
   by other ill usage; as, an abusive author; an abusive fellow.

   4.   Containing   abuse,  or  serving  as  the  instrument  of  abuse;
   vituperative; reproachful; scurrilous. "An abusive lampoon." Johnson.

   5.  Tending  to  deceive;  fraudulent;  cheating.  [Obs.]  "An abusive
   treaty."   Bacon.   Syn.   --  Reproachful;  scurrilous;  opprobrious;
   insolent; insulting; injurious; offensive; reviling.

                                   Abusively

   A*bu"sive*ly,   adv.  In  an  abusive  manner;  rudely;  with  abusive
   language.

                                  Abusiveness

   A*bu"sive*ness, n. The quality of being abusive; rudeness of language,
   or violence to the person.

     Pick  out  mirth,  like  stones  out  of  thy  ground, Profaneness,
     filthiness, abusiveness. Herbert.

                                     Abut

   A*but"  (#),  v.  i. [imp. & p. p. Abutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Abutting.]
   [OF. abouter, aboter; cf. F. aboutir, and also abuter; a (L. ad) + OF.
   boter,  buter,  to  push:  cf.  F. bout end, and but end, purpose.] To
   project;  to  terminate  or border; to be contiguous; to meet; -- with
   on, upon, or against; as, his land abuts on the road.

                                   Abutilon

   A*bu"ti*lon  (#),  n.  [Ar.  aub\'d4t\'c6l\'d4n.]  (Bot.)  A  genus of
   malvaceous  plants  of many species, found in the torrid and temperate
   zones of both continents; -- called also Indian mallow.

                                   Abutment

   A*but"ment (#), n.

   1. State of abutting.

   2.  That  on  or against which a body abuts or presses; as (a) (Arch.)
   The  solid  part of a pier or wall, etc., which receives the thrust or
   lateral  pressure  of  an  arch, vault, or strut. Gwilt. (b) (mech.) A
   fixed  point or surface from which resistance or reaction is obtained,
   as  the  cylinder head of a steam engine, the fulcrum of a lever, etc.
   (c)  In  breech-loading  firearms,  the  block behind the barrel which
   receives the pressure due to recoil.

                                    Abuttal

   A*but"tal (#), n. The butting or boundary of land, particularly at the
   end; a headland. Spelman.

                                    Abutter

   A*but"ter  (#),  n.  One  who, or that which, abuts. Specifically, the
   owner of a contiguous estate; as, the abutters on a street or a river.

                                     Abuzz

   A*buzz"  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  +  buzz.] In a buzz; buzzing. [Colloq.]
   Dickens.

                                   Aby, Abye

   A*by",  A*bye"  (#),  v.  t.  &  i.  [imp.  & p. p. Abought (#).] [AS.
   \'bebycgan  to  pay  for;  pref. \'be- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-, orig.
   meaning out) + bycgan to buy. See Buy, and cf. Abide.]

   1.  To  pay  for;  to suffer for; to atone for; to make amends for; to
   give satisfaction. [Obs.]

     Lest to thy peril thou aby it dear. Shak.

   2. To endure; to abide. [Obs.]

     But nought that wanteth rest can long aby. Spenser.

                                     Abysm

   A*bysm"  (#), n. [OF. abisme; F. abime, LL. abyssimus, a superl. of L.
   abyssus; Gr. Abyss.] An abyss; a gulf. "The abysm of hell." Shak.

                                    Abysmal

   A*bys"mal  (#), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, an abyss; bottomless;
   unending; profound.

     Geology  gives  one  the same abysmal extent of time that astronomy
     does of space. Carlyle.

                                   Abysmally

   A*bys"mal*ly,  adv.  To  a  fathomless  depth;  profoundly. "Abysmally
   ignorant." G. Eliot.

                                     Abyss

   A*byss" (#), n. [L. abyssus a bottomless gulf, fr. Gr.

   1.  A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep,
   immeasurable, and, specifically, hell, or the bottomless pit.

     Ye powers and spirits of this nethermost abyss. Milton.

     The throne is darkness, in the abyss of light. Dryden.

   2. Infinite time; a vast intellectual or moral depth.

     The abysses of metaphysical theology. Macaulay.

     In unfathomable abysses of disgrace. Burke.

   3. (Her.) The center of an escutcheon.

     NOTE: &hand; This word, in its leading uses, is associated with the
     cosmological notions of the Hebrews, having reference to a supposed
     illimitable mass of waters from which our earth sprung, and beneath
     whose profound depths the wicked were punished.

   Encyc. Brit.

                                    Abyssal

   A*byss"al  (#),  a.  [Cf.  Abysmal.]  Belonging  to, or resembling, an
   abyss;  unfathomable.  Abyssal zone (Phys. Geog.), one of the belts or
   zones  into  which  Sir  E.  Forbes  divides  the bottom of the sea in
   describing  its  plants, animals, etc. It is the one furthest from the
   shore,  embracing  all beyond one hundred fathoms deep. Hence, abyssal
   animals, plants, etc.
   
                                  Abyssinian
                                       
   Ab`ys*sin"i*an (#), a. Of or pertaining to Abyssinia. Abyssinian gold,
   an alloy of 90.74 parts of copper and 8.33 parts of zink. Ure.

                                  Abyssinian

   Ab`ys*sin"i*an, n.

   1. A native of Abyssinia.

   2. A member of the Abyssinian Church.

                                    Acacia

   A*ca"ci*a  (#),  n. (Antiq.) A roll or bag, filled with dust, borne by
   Byzantine  emperors,  as  a memento of mortality. It is represented on
   medals.

                                    Acacia

   A*ca"cia  (#),  n.; pl. E. Acacias (#), L. Acaci\'91 (#). [L. from Gr.
   ak to be sharp. See Acute.]

   1.  A  genus  of  leguminous  trees and shrubs. Nearly 300 species are
   Australian  or  Polynesian,  and  have terete or vertically compressed
   leaf stalks, instead of the bipinnate leaves of the much fewer species
   of America, Africa, etc. Very few are found in temperate climates.

   2.  (Med.)  The  inspissated  juice  of  several species of acacia; --
   called also gum acacia, and gum arabic.

                                Acacin, Acacine

   Ac"a*cin, Ac"a*cine (#), n. Gum arabic.

                                    Academe

   Ac`a*deme"  (#),  n.  [L. academia. See Academy.] An academy. [Poetic]
   Shak.

                                   Academial

   Ac`a*de"mi*al (#), a. Academic. [R.]

                                   Academian

   Ac`a*de"mi*an (#), n. A member of an academy, university, or college.

                             Academic, Academical

   Ac`a*dem"ic  (#),  Ac`a*dem"ic*al  (#),  a.  [L.  academicus:  cf.  F.
   acad\'82migue. See Academy.]

   1.  Belonging  to  the school or philosophy of Plato; as, the Academic
   sect or philosophy.

   2.  Belonging  to  an academy or other higher institution of learning;
   scholarly;  literary  or  classical,  in  distinction from scientific.
   "Academic courses." Warburton. "Academical study." Berkeley.

                                   Academic

   Ac`a*dem"ic, n.

   1.  One  holding  the  philosophy  of Socrates and Plato; a Platonist.
   Hume.

   2. A member of an academy, college, or university; an academician.

                                 Academically

   Ac`a*dem`ic*al*ly, adv. In an academical manner.

                                  Academicals

   Ac`a*dem"ic*als  (#), n. pl. The articles of dress prescribed and worn
   at some colleges and universities.

                                  Academician

   Ac`a*de*mi"cian (#; 277), n. [F. acad\'82micien. See Academy.]

   1.  A  member of an academy, or society for promoting science, art, or
   literature, as of the French Academy, or the Royal Academy of arts.

   2. A collegian. [R.] Chesterfield.

                                  Academicism

   Ac`a*dem"i*cism (#), n.

   1. A tenet of the Academic philosophy.

   2. A mannerism or mode peculiar to an academy.

                                   Academism

   A*cad"e*mism  (#), n. The doctrines of the Academic philosophy. [Obs.]
   Baxter.

                                   Academist

   A*cad"e*mist (#), n. [F. academiste.]

   1. An Academic philosopher.

   2. An academician. [Obs.] Ray.

                                    Academy

   A*cad"e*my  (#),  n.; pl. Academies (#). [F. acad\'82mie, L. academia.
   Cf. Academe.]

   1.  A  garden  or grove near Athens (so named from the hero Academus),
   where  Plato  and  his followers held their philosophical conferences;
   hence, the school of philosophy of which Plato was head.

   2.  An  institution  for  the study of higher learning; a college or a
   university.  Popularly,  a  school, or seminary of learning, holding a
   rank between a college and a common school.

   3. A place of training; a school. "Academies of fanaticism." Hume.

   4. A society of learned men united for the advancement of the arts and
   sciences,  and  literature, or some particular art or science; as, the
   French  Academy;  the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; academies
   of literature and philology.

   5.  A school or place of training in which some special art is taught;
   as,  the military academy at West Point; a riding academy; the Academy
   of Music.
   Academy  figure  (Paint.), a drawing usually half life-size, in crayon
   or pencil, after a nude model.

                                    Acadian

   A*ca"di*an  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  Acadie,  or Nova Scotia.
   "Acadian farmers." Longfellow. -- n. A native of Acadie. Acadian epoch
   (Geol.), an epoch at the beginning of the American paleozoic time, and
   including  the  oldest  American  rocks known to be fossiliferous. See
   Geology.  --  Acadian  owl  (Zo\'94l.),  a  small  North  American owl
   (Nyctule Acadica); the saw-whet.

                                    Acajou

   Ac"a*jou  (#),  n.  [F. See Cashew.] (Bot.) (a) The cashew tree; also,
   its fruit. See Cashew. (b) The mahogany tree; also, its timber.

                              Acaleph, Acalephan

   Ac"a*leph  (#), Ac`a*le"phan (#) n.; pl. Acalephs (#), Acalephans (#).
   [See Acaleph\'91.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Acaleph\'91.

                                  Acaleph\'91

   Ac`a*le"ph\'91  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. A group of C\'d2lenterata,
   including  the  Medus\'91  or  jellyfishes, and hydroids; -- so called
   from the stinging power they possess. Sometimes called sea nettles.

                                  Acalephoid

   Ac`ale"phoid  (#),  a.  [Acaleph  +  -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to or
   resembling the Acaleph\'91 or jellyfishes.

                            Acalycine, Acalysinous

   A*cal"y*cine (#), Ac`a*lys`i*nous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Without a calyx,
   or outer floral envelope.

                                    Acanth

   A*canth" (#), n. Same as Acanthus.

                                    Acantha

   A*can"tha (#), n. [Gr. Acute.]

   1. (Bot.) A prickle.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A spine or prickly fin.

   3.  (Anat.)  The  vertebral column; the spinous process of a vertebra.
   Dunglison.

                                 Acanthaceous

   Ac"an*tha"ceous (#), a.

   1. Armed with prickles, as a plant.

   2.  (Bot.)  Of,  pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of
   which the acanthus is the type.
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                                   Acanthine

   A*can"thine  (#), a. [L. acanthinus, Gr. Acanthus.] Of, pertaining to,
   or resembling, the plant acanthus.

                                Acanthocarpous

   A*can`tho*car"pous  (#),  a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having the fruit covered with
   spines.

                                Acanthocephala

   A*can`tho*ceph"a*la  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   intestinal worms, having the proboscis armed with recurved spines.

                               Acanthocephalous

   A*can`tho*ceph"a*lous  (#),  a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a spiny head, as one
   of the Acanthocephala.

                                Acanthophorous

   Ac`an*thoph"o*rous (#), a. [Gr. Spine-bearing. Gray.

                                Acanthopodious

   A*can`tho*po"di*ous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Having spinous petioles.

                                 Acanthopteri

   Ac`an*thop"ter*i  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of
   teleostean fishes having spiny fins. See Acanthopterygii.

                                Acanthopterous

   Ac`an*thop"ter*ous (#), a. [Gr.

   1. (Zo\'94l.) Spiny-winged.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) Acanthopterygious.

                               Acanthopterygian

   Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*an  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the order of
   fishes having spinose fins, as the perch. -- n. A spiny-finned fish.

                                Acanthopterygii

   Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*i  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An order
   of  fishes  having  some  of the rays of the dorsal, ventral, and anal
   fins unarticulated and spinelike, as the perch.

                               Acanthopterygious

   Ac`an*thop`ter*yg"i*ous  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.) Having fins in which the
   rays are hard and spinelike; spiny-finned.

                                   Acanthus

   A*can"thus  (#),  n.; pl. E. Acanthuses (#), L. Acanthi (#). [L., from
   Gr. Acantha.]

   1.  (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous prickly plants, found in the south of
   Europe, Asia Minor, and India; bear's-breech.

   2.  (Arch.)  An  ornament  resembling  the  foliage  or  leaves of the
   acanthus   (Acanthus  spinosus);  --  used  in  the  capitals  of  the
   Corinthian and Composite orders.

                                  A cappella

   A  cap*pel"la  (#).  [It.  See Chapel.] (Mus.) (a) In church or chapel
   style;  --  said of compositions sung in the old church style, without
   instrumental accompaniment; as, a mass a capella, i. e., a mass purely
   vocal. (b) A time indication, equivalent to alla breve.

                                   Acapsular

   A*cap"su*lar  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  + capsular.] (Bot.) Having no
   capsule.

                                   Acardiac

   A*car"di*ac (#), a. [Gr. Without a heart; as, an acardiac fetus.

                                   Acaridan

   A*car"i*dan  (#),  n.  [See  Acarus.]  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of  a group of
   arachnids, including the mites and ticks.

                                    Acarina

   Ac`a*ri"na  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  from  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  group of
   Arachnida  which  includes  the  mites  and  ticks.  Many  species are
   parasitic, and cause diseases like the itch and mange.

                                    Acarine

   Ac"a*rine  (#),  a. (Med.) Of or caused by acari or mites; as, acarine
   diseases.

                                    Acaroid

   Ac"a*roid  (#), a. [NL., acarus a mite + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Shaped like
   or resembling a mite.

                                  Acarpellous

   Ac`ar*pel"lous  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  + carpel.] (Bot.) Having no
   carpels.

                                   Acarpous

   A*car"pous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Not producing fruit; unfruitful.

                                    Acarus

   Ac"a*rus  (#),  n.;  pl.  Acari (#). [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus
   including many species of small mites.

                                  Acatalectic

   A*cat`a*lec"tic  (#), a. [L. acatalecticus, Gr. (Pros.) Not defective;
   complete;  as,  an  acatalectic  verse.  --  n.  A verse which has the
   complete number of feet and syllables.

                                  Acatalepsy

   A*cat"a*lep`sy   (#),  n.  [Gr.  Incomprehensibility  of  things;  the
   doctrine   held  by  the  ancient  Skeptic  philosophers,  that  human
   knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to probability.

                                  Acataleptic

   A*cat`a*lep"tic   (#),   a.  [Gr.  Incapable  of  being  comprehended;
   incomprehensible.

                                    Acater

   A*ca"ter (#), n. See Caterer. [Obs.]

                                    Acates

   A*cates" (#), n. pl. See Cates. [Obs.]

                                   Acaudate

   A*cau"date (#), a. [Pref. a- not + caudate.] Tailless.

                                  Acaulescent

   Ac`au*les"cent  (#),  a. [Pref. a- not + caulescent.] (Bot.) Having no
   stem  or  caulis,  or  only  a very short one concealed in the ground.
   Gray.

                                   Acauline

   A*cau"line   (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  +  cauline.]  (Bot.)  Same  as
   Acaulescent.

                              Acaulose, Acaulous

   A*cau"lose  (#),  A*cau"lous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  caulis stalk. See Cole.]
   (Bot.) Same as Acaulescent.

                                   Accadian

   Ac*ca"di*an  (#), a. [From the city Accad. See Gen. x. 10.] Pertaining
   to  a  race  supposed  to  have lived in Babylonia before the Assyrian
   conquest. -- Ac*ca"di*an, n., Ac"cad (#), n. Sayce.

                                    Accede

   Ac*cede"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acceded; p. pr. & vb. n. Acceding.]
   [L.  accedere  to approach, accede; ad + cedere to move, yield: cf. F.
   acc\'82dere. See Cede.]

   1. To approach; to come forward; -- opposed to recede. [Obs.] T. Gale.

   2. To enter upon an office or dignity; to attain.

     Edward  IV.,  who  had  acceded  to the throne in the year 1461. T.
     Warton.

     If Frederick had acceded to the supreme power. Morley.

   3.  To  become  a party by associating one's self with others; to give
   one's adhesion. Hence, to agree or assent to a proposal or a view; as,
   he acceded to my request.

     The  treaty  of Hanover in 1725 . . . to which the Dutch afterwards
     acceded. Chesterfield.

   Syn. -- To agree; assent; consent; comply; acquiesce; concur.

                                   Accedence

   Ac*ced"ence (#), n. The act of acceding.

                                    Acceder

   Ac*ced"er (#), n. One who accedes.

                                  Accelerando

   Ac*cel`er*an"do  (#),  a.  [It.]  (Mus.)  Gradually  accelerating  the
   movement.

                                  Accelerate

   Ac*cel"er*ate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accelerated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accelerating.] [L. acceleratus, p. p. of accelerare; ad + celerare
   to hasten; celer quick. See Celerity.]

   1.  To  cause  to move faster; to quicken the motion of; to add to the
   speed of; -- opposed to retard.

   2.  To  quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of; as,
   to accelerate the growth of a plant, the increase of wealth, etc.

   3.  To  hasten,  as  the  occurence of an event; as, to accelerate our
   departure.
   Accelerated  motion  (Mech.),  motion  with  a  continually increasing
   velocity.  --  Accelerating  force, the force which causes accelerated
   motion.  Nichol.  Syn.  --  To  hasten;  expedite;  quicken; dispatch;
   forward; advance; further.

                                 Acceleration

   Ac*cel`er*a"tion  (#), n. [L. acceleratio: cf. F. acc\'82l\'82ration.]
   The  act  of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase
   of motion or action; as, a falling body moves toward the earth with an
   acceleration of velocity; -- opposed to retardation.

     A  period  of  social  improvement, or of intellectual advancement,
     contains within itself a principle of acceleration. I. Taylor.

   (Astr.  &  Physics.)  Acceleration  of  the  moon, the increase of the
   moon's mean motion in its orbit, in consequence of which its period of
   revolution  is  now shorter than in ancient times. -- Acceleration and
   retardation  of the tides. See Priming of the tides, under Priming. --
   Diurnal  acceleration  of  the  fixed stars, the amount by which their
   apparent  diurnal  motion  exceeds  that of the sun, in consequence of
   which they daily come to the meridian of any place about three minutes
   fifty-six  seconds of solar time earlier than on the day preceding. --
   Acceleration  of the planets, the increasing velocity of their motion,
   in proceeding from the apogee to the perigee of their orbits.

                                 Accelerative

   Ac*cel"er*a*tive (#), a. Relating to acceleration; adding to velocity;
   quickening. Reid.

                                  Accelerator

   Ac*cel"er*a`tor  (#),  n. One who, or that which, accelerates. Also as
   an adj.; as, accelerator nerves.

                                 Acceleratory

   Ac*cel"er*a*to*ry (#), a. Accelerative.

                                 Accelerograph

   Ac*cel"er*o*graph  (#),  n. [Accelerate + -graph.] (Mil.) An apparatus
   for studying the combustion of powder in guns, etc.

                                 Accelerometer

   Ac*cel`er*om"e*ter  (#),  n.  [Accelerate  + -meter.] An apparatus for
   measuring the velocity imparted by gunpowder.

                                    Accend

   Ac*cend"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  accendere,  accensum,  to  kindle;  ad  +
   cand\'cbre  to  kindle  (only  in compounds); rel. to cand\'c7re to be
   white,  to  gleam.  See  Candle.]  To  set  on fire; to kindle. [Obs.]
   Fotherby.

                                 Accendibility

   Ac*cend`i*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. Capacity of being kindled, or of becoming
   inflamed; inflammability.

                                  Accendible

   Ac*cend"i*ble   (#),   a.   Capable  of  being  inflamed  or  kindled;
   combustible; inflammable. Ure.

                                   Accension

   Ac*cen"sion (#), n. The act of kindling or the state of being kindled;
   ignition. Locke.

                                   Accensor

   Ac*cen"sor (#), n. [LL., from p. p. accensus. See Accend.] (R. C. Ch.)
   One of the functionaries who light and trim the tapers.

                                    Accent

   Ac"cent`  (#),  n.  [F.  accent,  L.  accentus; ad + cantus a singing,
   canere to sing. See Cant.]

   1.  A  superior  force  of  voice  or of articulative effort upon some
   particular  syllable of a word or a phrase, distinguishing it from the
   others.

     NOTE: &hand; Ma ny En glish words have two accents, the primary and
     the  secondary;  the primary being uttered with a greater stress of
     voice than the secondary; as in as\'b7pira\'b6tion, where the chief
     stress  is  on  the  third  syllable,  and a slighter stress on the
     first.      Some     words,     as     an\'b7tiap\'b7o-plec\'b6tic,
     in-com\'b7pre-hen\'b7si-bil\'b6i-ty,  have  two  secondary accents.
     See Guide to Pron., \'c5\'c5 30-46.

   2.  A  mark  or character used in writing, and serving to regulate the
   pronunciation;  esp.:  (a)  a mark to indicate the nature and place of
   the  spoken accent; (b) a mark to indicate the quality of sound of the
   vowel marked; as, the French accents.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th e ancient Greek the acute accent (\'b7) meant a
     raised  tone  or pitch, the grave (`), the level tone or simply the
     negation of accent, the circumflex ( ~ or ^) a tone raised and then
     depressed. In works on elocution, the first is often used to denote
     the  rising  inflection  of  the  voice;  the  second,  the falling
     inflection;  and  the third (^), the compound or waving inflection.
     In  dictionaries, spelling books, and the like, the acute accent is
     used  to  designate the syllable which receives the chief stress of
     voice.

   3.  Modulation  of  the  voice  in  speaking;  manner  of  speaking or
   pronouncing;  peculiar  or  characteristic  modification of the voice;
   tone; as, a foreign accent; a French or a German accent. "Beguiled you
   in a plain accent." Shak. "A perfect accent." Thackeray.

     The tender accent of a woman's cry. Prior.

   4. A word; a significant tone; (pl.) expressions in general; speech.

     Winds!  on  your  wings  to  Heaven her accents bear, Such words as
     Heaven alone is fit to hear. Dryden.

   5. (Pros.) Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse.

   6.  (Mus.)  (a) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the
   beginning,  and,  more  feebly,  the  third part of the measure. (b) A
   special  emphasis  of  a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure.
   (c)  The  rythmical  accent,  which  marks  phrases  and sections of a
   period.  (d)  The  expressive emphasis and shading of a passage. J. S.
   Dwight.

   7.  (Math.)  (a)  A  mark  placed at the right hand of a letter, and a
   little above it, to distinguish magnitudes of a similar kind expressed
   by  the  same letter, but differing in value, as y\'b7, y\'b7\'b7. (b)
   (Trigon.)  A mark at the right hand of a number, indicating minutes of
   a  degree,  seconds, etc.; as, 12\'b727\'b7\'b7, i. e., twelve minutes
   twenty  seven  seconds.  (c)  (Engin.)  A mark used to denote feet and
   inches; as, 6\'b7 10\'b7\'b7 is six feet ten inches.

                                    Accent

   Ac*cent"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accented;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Accenting.] [OF. accenter, F. accentuer.]

   1.  To  express  the  accent of (either by the voice or by a mark); to
   utter or to mark with accent.

   2. To mark emphatically; to emphasize.

                                  Accentless

   Ac"cent`less (#), a. Without accent.

                                   Accentor

   Ac*cen"tor (#), n. [L. ad. + cantor singer, canere to sing.]

   1.  (Mus.)  One  who  sings  the leading part; the director or leader.
   [Obs.]

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus  of European birds (so named from their sweet
   notes),  including  the hedge warbler. In America sometimes applied to
   the water thrushes.

                                  Accentuable

   Ac*cen"tu*a*ble (#), a. Capable of being accented.

                                   Accentual

   Ac*cen"tu*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining to accent; characterized or
   formed by accent.

                                 Accentuality

   Ac*cen`tu*al"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being accentual.

                                  Accentually

   Ac*cen"tu*al*ly  (#),  adv. In an accentual manner; in accordance with
   accent.

                                  Accentuate

   Ac*cen"tu*ate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accentuated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accentuating.]  [LL.  accentuatus,  p.  p.  of  accentuare, fr. L.
   accentus: cf. F. accentuer.]

   1. To pronounce with an accent or with accents.

   2. To bring out distinctly; to make prominent; to emphasize.

     In  Bosnia,  the  struggle  between  East  and  West  was even more
     accentuated. London Times.

   3. To mark with the written accent.

                                 Accentuation

   Ac*cen`tu*a"tion  (#),  n. [LL. accentuatio: cf. F. accentuation.] Act
   of  accentuating; applications of accent. Specifically (Eccles. Mus.),
   pitch or modulation of the voice in reciting portions of the liturgy.

                                    Accept

   Ac*cept"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accepted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Accepting.] [F. accepter, L. acceptare, freq. of accipere; ad + capere
   to take; akin to E. heave.]

   1.  To  receive  with  a  consenting  mind (something offered); as, to
   accept a gift; -- often followed by of.

     If you accept them, then their worth is great. Shak.

     To accept of ransom for my son. Milton.

     She accepted of a treat. Addison.

   2. To receive with favor; to approve.

     The Lord accept thy burnt sacrifice. Ps. xx. 3.

     Peradventure he will accept of me. Gen. xxxii. 20.

     3.  To  receive  or  admit and agree to; to assent to; as, I accept
     your proposal, amendment, or excuse.

     4.  To  take by the mind; to understand; as, How are these words to
     be accepted?

     5.  (Com.)  To  receive  as  obligatory  and promise to pay; as, to
     accept a bill of exchange. Bouvier.

     6.  In  a  deliberate  body,  to  receive  in acquittance of a duty
     imposed;  as,  to  accept the report of a committee. [This makes it
     the  property  of  the  body,  and  the  question  is  then  on its
     adoption.]

     To accept a bill

   (Law),  to agree (on the part of the drawee) to pay it when due. -- To
   accept  service  (Law),  to  agree  that  a  writ  or process shall be
   considered as regularly served, when it has not been. -- To accept the
   person  (Eccl.),  to show favoritism. "God accepteth no man's person."
   Gal. ii. 6. Syn. -- To receive; take; admit. See Receive.
   
                                    Accept
                                       
   Ac*cept", a. Accepted. [Obs.] Shak.
   
                                 Acceptability
                                       
   Ac*cept`a*bil"i*ty  (#), n. [LL. acceptabilitas.] The quality of being
   acceptable;   acceptableness.   "Acceptability  of  repentance."  Jer.
   Taylor.
   
                                  Acceptable
                                       
   Ac*cept"a*ble (#), a. [F. acceptable, L. acceptabilis, fr. acceptare.]
   Capable,  worthy, or sure of being accepted or received with pleasure;
   pleasing  to  a  receiver;  gratifying;  agreeable;  welcome;  as,  an
   acceptable present, one acceptable to us. 

                                Acceptableness

   Ac*cept"a*ble*ness  (#),  n.  The  quality  of  being  acceptable,  or
   suitable to be favorably received; acceptability.

                                  Acceptably

   Ac*cept"a*bly,  adv. In an acceptable manner; in a manner to please or
   give satisfaction.

                                  Acceptance

   Ac*cept"ance (#), n.

   1.   The   act  of  accepting;  a  receiving  what  is  offered,  with
   approbation, satisfaction, or acquiescence; esp., favorable reception;
   approval; as, the acceptance of a gift, office, doctrine, etc.

     They shall come up with acceptance on mine altar. Isa. lx. 7.

   2.  State  of  being  accepted;  acceptableness.  "Makes it assured of
   acceptance." Shak.

   3. (Com.) (a) An assent and engagement by the person on whom a bill of
   exchange  is  drawn,  to pay it when due according to the terms of the
   acceptance. (b) The bill itself when accepted.

   4.  An  agreeing to terms or proposals by which a bargain is concluded
   and  the  parties are bound; the reception or taking of a thing bought
   as that for which it was bought, or as that agreed to be delivered, or
   the taking possession as owner.

   5. (Law) An agreeing to the action of another, by some act which binds
   the person in law.

     NOTE: &hand; Wh at acts shall amount to such an acceptance is often
     a question of great nicety and difficulty. Mozley & W.

   <-- p. 11 -->

     NOTE: &hand; In  mo dern la w, pr oposal an d ac ceptance ar e th e
     constituent elements into which all contracts are resolved.

   Acceptance  of  a  bill  of  exchange,  check,  draft, OR order, is an
   engagement  to  pay  it  according  to  the  terms. This engagement is
   usually  made  by  writing  the word "accepted" across the face of the
   bill.  Acceptance  of  goods,  under  the  statute  of  frauds,  is an
   intelligent   acceptance   by  a  party  knowing  the  nature  of  the
   transaction.

   6. Meaning; acceptation. [Obs.]
   Acceptance of persons, partiality, favoritism. See under Accept.

                                  Acceptancy

   Ac*cept"an*cy (#), n. Acceptance. [R.]

     Here's  a  proof  of gift, But here's no proof, sir, of acceptancy.
     Mrs. Browning.

                                   Acceptant

   Ac*cept"ant (#), a. Accepting; receiving.

                                   Acceptant

   Ac*cept"ant, n. An accepter. Chapman.

                                  Acceptation

   Ac`cep*ta"tion (#), n.

   1.  Acceptance;  reception;  favorable  reception  or regard; state of
   being acceptable. [Obs.]

     This is saying worthy of all acceptation. 1 Tim. i. 15.

     Some  things  .  .  .  are  notwithstanding of so great dignity and
     acceptation with God. Hooker.

   2.  The  meaning  in  which  a  word  or  expression is understood, or
   generally  received;  as,  term  is  to be used according to its usual
   acceptation.

     My words, in common acceptation, Could never give this provocation.
     Gay.

                                  Acceptedly

   Ac*cept"ed*ly (#), adv. In a accepted manner; admittedly.

                                   Accepter

   Ac*cept"er (#), n.

   1. A person who accepts; a taker.

   2. A respecter; a viewer with partiality. [Obs.]

     God is no accepter of persons. Chillingworth.

   3. (Law) An acceptor.

                                 Acceptilation

   Ac*cep`ti*la"tion  (#), n. [L. acceptilatio entry of a debt collected,
   acquittance,  fr.  p.  p. of accipere (cf. Accept) + latio a carrying,
   fr. latus, p. p. of ferre to carry: cf. F. acceptilation.] (Civil Law)
   Gratuitous  discharge;  a  release  from  debt  or  obligation without
   payment; free remission.

                                   Acception

   Ac*cep"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  acceptio  a  receiving,  accepting: cf. F.
   acception.] Acceptation; the received meaning. [Obs.]

     Here  the word "baron" is not to be taken in that restrictive sense
     to which the modern acception hath confined it. Fuller.

   Acception  of persons or faces (Eccl.), favoritism; partiality. [Obs.]
   Wyclif.

                                   Acceptive

   Ac*cept"ive (#), a.

   1. Fit for acceptance.

   2. Ready to accept. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                   Acceptor

   Ac*cept"or  (#;  277),  n.  [L.]  One who accepts; specifically (Law &
   Com.),  one who accepts an order or a bill of exchange; a drawee after
   he has accepted.

                                    Access

   Ac*cess"  (#;  277),  n.  [F. acc\'8as, L. accessus, fr. accedere. See
   Accede.]

   1.   A   coming   to,   or   near   approach;  admittance;  admission;
   accessibility; as, to gain access to a prince.

     I did repel his letters, and denied His access to me. Shak.

   2.  The  means,  place,  or  way  by  which a thing may be approached;
   passage  way;  as,  the  access  is by a neck of land. "All access was
   thronged." Milton.

   3. Admission to sexual intercourse.

     During  coverture,  access of the husband shall be presumed, unless
     the contrary be shown. Blackstone.

   4.  Increase by something added; addition; as, an access of territory.
   [In this sense accession is more generally used.]

     I, from the influence of thy looks, receive Access in every virtue.
     Milton.

   5. An onset, attack, or fit of disease.

     The first access looked like an apoplexy. Burnet.

   6.  A  paroxysm; a fit of passion; an outburst; as, an access of fury.
   [A Gallicism]

                                  Accessarily

   Ac*ces"sa*ri*ly (#), adv. In the manner of an accessary.

                                 Accessariness

   Ac*ces"sa*ri*ness, n. The state of being accessary.

                                   Accessary

   Ac*ces"sa*ry  (#; 277), a. Accompanying, as a subordinate; additional;
   accessory;  esp.,  uniting in, or contributing to, a crime, but not as
   chief actor. See Accessory.

     To both their deaths thou shalt be accessary. Shak.

     Amongst  many secondary and accessary causes that support monarchy,
     these are not of least reckoning. Milton.

                                   Accessary

   Ac*ces"sa*ry  (277),  n.;  pl. Accessaries (#). [Cf. Accessory and LL.
   accessarius.]  (Law)  One  who,  not  being present, contributes as an
   assistant  or  instigator  to  the commission of an offense. Accessary
   before  the  fact  (Law), one who commands or counsels an offense, not
   being present at its commission. -- Accessary after the fact, one who,
   after  an offense, assists or shelters the offender, not being present
   at the commission of the offense.

     NOTE: &hand; Th is wo rd, as  us ed in  la w, is spelt accessory by
     Blackstone and many others; but in this sense is spelt accessary by
     Bouvier,  Burrill,  Burns, Whishaw, Dane, and the Penny Cyclopedia;
     while  in  other senses it is spelt accessory. In recent text-books
     on  criminal  law  the  distinction  is not preserved, the spelling
     being either accessary or accessory.

                                 Accessibility

   Ac*cess`i*bil"i*ty    (#),    n.    [L.    accessibilitas:    cf.   F.
   accessibilit\'82.]  The  quality  of being accessible, or of admitting
   approach; receptibility. Langhorne.

                                  Accessible

   Ac*cess"i*ble   (#),   a.  [L.  accessibilis,  fr.  accedere:  cf.  F.
   accessible. See Accede.]

   1. Easy of access or approach; approachable; as, an accessible town or
   mountain, an accessible person.

   2. Open to the influence of; -- with to. "Minds accessible to reason."
   Macaulay.

   3. Obtainable; to be got at.

     The best information . . . at present accessible. Macaulay.

                                  Accessibly

   Ac*cess"i*bly (#), adv. In an accessible manner.

                                   Accession

   Ac*ces"sion  (#), n. [L. accessio, fr. accedere: cf. F. accession. See
   Accede.]

   1.  A coming to; the act of acceding and becoming joined; as, a king's
   accession to a confederacy.

   2. Increase by something added; that which is added; augmentation from
   without; as, an accession of wealth or territory.

     The only accession which the Roman empire received was the province
     of Britain. Gibbon.

   3.  (Law)  (a)  A  mode of acquiring property, by which the owner of a
   corporeal substance which receives an addition by growth, or by labor,
   has  a  right to the part or thing added, or the improvement (provided
   the thing is not changed into a different species). Thus, the owner of
   a  cow  becomes  the owner of her calf. (b) The act by which one power
   becomes  party  to  engagements already in force between other powers.
   Kent.

   4.  The  act of coming to or reaching a throne, an office, or dignity;
   as, the accession of the house of Stuart; -- applied especially to the
   epoch of a new dynasty.

   5.  (Med.) The invasion, approach, or commencement of a disease; a fit
   or paroxysm. Syn. -- Increase; addition; augmentation; enlargement.

                                  Accessional

   Ac*ces"sion*al  (#),  a. Pertaining to accession; additional. [R.] Sir
   T. Browne.

                                   Accessive

   Ac*ces"sive (#), a. Additional.

                                  Accessorial

   Ac`ces*so"ri*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to  an  accessory;  as,
   accessorial agency, accessorial guilt.

                                  Accessorily

   Ac*ces"so*ri*ly (#), adv. In the manner of an accessory; auxiliary.

                                 Accessoriness

   Ac*ces"so*ri*ness,  n.  The  state  of  being  accessory, or connected
   subordinately.

                                   Accessory

   Ac*ces"so*ry  (#;  277),  a.  [L.  accessorius.  See  Access,  and cf.
   Accessary.]  Accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way;
   additional;  connected  as  an incident or subordinate to a principal;
   contributing or contributory; said of persons and things, and, when of
   persons,  usually  in  a  bad sense; as, he was accessory to the riot;
   accessory sounds in music.

     NOTE: &hand; As h accents the antepenult; and this is not only more
     regular,  but  preferable, on account of easiness of pronunciation.
     Most orho\'89pists place the accent on the first syllable.

   Syn.    --    Accompanying;   contributory;   auxiliary;   subsidiary;
   subservient; additional; acceding.

                                   Accessory

   Ac*ces"so*ry, n.; pl. Accessories (#).

   1.  That  which  belongs  to  something  else  deemed  the  principal;
   something additional and subordinate. "The aspect and accessories of a
   den of banditti." Carlyle.

   2. (Law) Same as Accessary, n.

   3.  (Fine  Arts) Anything that enters into a work of art without being
   indispensably  necessary,  as  mere  ornamental  parts. Elmes. Syn. --
   Abettor; accomplice; ally; coadjutor. See Abettor.

                                 Acciaccatura

   Ac*ciac`ca*tu"ra  (#),  n.  [It.,  from acciaccare to crush.] (Mus.) A
   short grace note, one semitone below the note to which it is prefixed;
   -- used especially in organ music. Now used as equivalent to the short
   appoggiatura.

                                   Accidence

   Ac"ci*dence  (#), n. [A corruption of Eng. accidents, pl. of accident.
   See Accident, 2.]

   1.  The  accidents, of inflections of words; the rudiments of grammar.
   Milton.

   2. The rudiments of any subject. Lowell.

                                   Accident

   Ac"ci*dent  (#),  n. [F. accident, fr. L. accidens, -dentis, p. pr. of
   accidere to happen; ad + cadere to fall. See Cadence, Case.]

   1.  Literally,  a  befalling;  an event that takes place without one's
   foresight or expectation; an undesigned, sudden, and unexpected event;
   chance; contingency; often, an undesigned and unforeseen occurrence of
   an  afflictive  or unfortunate character; a casualty; a mishap; as, to
   die by an accident.

     Of moving accidents by flood and field. Shak.

     Thou  cam'st not to thy place by accident: It is the very place God
     meant for thee. Trench.

   2.  (Gram.) A property attached to a word, but not essential to it, as
   gender, number, case.

   3.  (Her.)  A point or mark which may be retained or omitted in a coat
   of arms.

   4.  (Log.) (a) A property or quality of a thing which is not essential
   to it, as whiteness in paper; an attribute. (b) A quality or attribute
   in distinction from the substance, as sweetness, softness.

   5.  Any  accidental  property,  fact,  or  relation;  an accidental or
   nonessential; as, beauty is an accident.

     This  accident,  as  I call it, of Athens being situated some miles
     from the sea. J. P. Mahaffy.

   6. Unusual appearance or effect. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     NOTE: &hand; Ac cident, in  La w, is  eq uivalent to casus, or such
     unforeseen, extraordinary, extraneous interference as is out of the
     range of ordinary calculation.

                                  Accidental

   Ac`ci*den"tal (#), a. [Cf. F. accidentel, earlier accidental.]

   1. Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to
   the  usual  course  of  things;  casual; fortuitous; as, an accidental
   visit.

   2.   Nonessential;   not  necessary  belonging;  incidental;  as,  are
   accidental to a play.
   Accidental  chords  (Mus.),  those  which  contain  one  or more tones
   foreign  to  their proper harmony. -- Accidental colors (Opt.), colors
   depending  on  the  hypersensibility  of  the  retina  of  the eye for
   complementary  colors.  They are purely subjective sensations of color
   which  often result from the contemplation of actually colored bodies.
   --  Accidental  point (Persp.), the point in which a right line, drawn
   from  the  eye,  parallel  to a given right line, cuts the perspective
   plane;  so called to distinguish it from the principal point, or point
   of  view,  where  a  line  drawn  from  the  eye  perpendicular to the
   perspective  plane  meets  this  plane. -- Accidental lights (Paint.),
   secondary  lights; effects of light other than ordinary daylight, such
   as  the rays of the sun darting through a cloud, or between the leaves
   of  trees;  the  effect  of moonlight, candlelight, or burning bodies.
   Fairholt.   Syn.   --   Casual;  fortuitous;  contingent;  occasional;
   adventitious.   --   Accidental,   Incidental,   Casual,   Fortuitous,
   Contingent.  We speak of a thing as accidental when it falls out as by
   chance,  and  not  in  the regular course of things; as, an accidental
   meeting, an accidental advantage, etc. We call a thing incidental when
   it  falls,  as  it  were,  into  some regular course of things, but is
   secondary,  and  forms  no  essential part thereof; as, an incremental
   remark, an incidental evil, an incidental benefit. We speak of a thing
   as  casual,  when it falls out or happens, as it were, by mere chance,
   without  being  prearranged  or  premeditated;  as, a casual remark or
   encounter;  a  casual observer. An idea of the unimportant is attached
   to  what  is  casual. Fortuitous is applied to what occurs without any
   known  cause,  and  in  opposition  to  what  has been foreseen; as, a
   fortuitous  concourse  of atoms. We call a thing contingent when it is
   such  that,  considered  in  itself,  it may or may not happen, but is
   dependent  for  its  existence  on  something else; as, the time of my
   coming will be contingent on intelligence yet to be received.

                                  Accidental

   Ac`ci*den"tal (#), n.

   1.  A  property  which  is  not  essential;  a  nonessential; anything
   happening accidentally.

     He  conceived  it  just that accidentals . . . should sink with the
     substance of the accusation. Fuller.

   2.  pl.  (Paint.)  Those  fortuitous effects produced by luminous rays
   falling  on certain objects so that some parts stand forth in abnormal
   brightness and other parts are cast into a deep shadow.

   3. (Mus.) A sharp, flat, or natural, occurring not at the commencement
   of a piece of music as the signature, but before a particular note.

                                 Accidentalism

   Ac`ci*den"tal*ism (#), n. Accidental character or effect. Ruskin.

                                 Accidentality

   Ac`ci*den*tal"i*ty   (#),   n.   The   quality  of  being  accidental;
   accidentalness. [R.] Coleridge.

                                 Accidentally

   Ac`ci*den"tal*ly  (#),  adv. In an accidental manner; unexpectedly; by
   chance; unintentionally; casually; fortuitously; not essentially.

                                Accidentalness

   Ac`ci*den"tal*ness, n. The quality of being accidental; casualness.

                                    Accidie

   Ac"ci*die  (#),  n. [OF. accide, accidie, LL. accidia, acedia, fr. Gr.
   Sloth; torpor. [Obs.] "The sin of accidie." Chaucer.

                                  Accipenser

   Ac`ci*pen"ser (#), n. See Acipenser.

                                   Accipient

   Ac*cip"i*ent (#), n. [L. accipiens, p. pr. of accipere. See Accept.] A
   receiver. [R.] Bailey

                                   Accipiter

   Ac*cip"i*ter  (#),  n.; pl. E. Accipiters (#). L. Accipitres (#). [L.,
   hawk.]

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  genus  of rapacious birds; one of the Accipitres or
   Raptores.

   2.  (Surg.)  A bandage applied over the nose, resembling the claw of a
   hawk.

                                  Accipitral

   Ac*cip"i*tral  (#), n. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a falcon or
   hawk; hawklike. Lowell.

                                  Accipitres

   Ac*cip"i*tres  (#),  n.  pl.  [L.,  hawks.]  (Zo\'94l.) The order that
   includes rapacious birds. They have a hooked bill, and sharp, strongly
   curved  talons. There are three families, represented by the vultures,
   the falcons or hawks, and the owls.

                                  Accipitrine

   Ac*cip"i*trine  (#;  277),  a. [Cf. F. accipitrin.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or
   belonging to the Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike.

                                   Accismus

   Ac*cis"mus (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) Affected refusal; coyness.

                                    Accite

   Ac*cite" (#), v. t. [L. accitus, p. p. of accire, accere, to call for;
   ad + ciere to move, call. See Cite.] To cite; to summon. [Obs.]

     Our  heralds  now  accited  all  that were Endamaged by the Elians.
     Chapman.

                                    Acclaim

   Ac*claim"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  acclamare;  ad + clamare to cry out. See
   Claim, Clamor.] [R.]

   1. To applaud. "A glad acclaiming train." Thomson.

   2. To declare by acclamations.

     While the shouting crowd Acclaims thee king of traitors. Smollett.

   3. To shout; as, to acclaim my joy.

                                    Acclaim

   Ac*claim", v. i. To shout applause.

                                    Acclaim

   Ac*claim", n. Acclamation. [Poetic] Milton.

                                   Acclaimer

   Ac*claim"er (#), n. One who acclaims.

                                  Acclamation

   Ac`cla*ma"tion (#), n. [L. acclamatio: cf. F. acclamation.]

   1.  A  shout  of  approbation,  favor,  or assent; eager expression of
   approval; loud applause.

     On  such  a  day,  a  holiday  having been voted by acclamation, an
     ordinary walk would not satisfy the children. Southey.

   2.  (Antiq.)  A  representation,  in sculpture or on medals, of people
   expressing joy.
   Acclamation  medals  are  those  on  which  laudatory acclamations are
   recorded. Elmes.

                                  Acclamatory

   Ac*clam"a*to*ry  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to,  or expressing approval by,
   acclamation.

                                 Acclimatable

   Ac*cli"ma*ta*ble (#), a. Capable of being acclimated.

                                 Acclimatation

   Ac*cli`ma*ta"tion   (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  acclimation.  See  Acclimate.]
   Acclimatization.

                                   Acclimate

   Ac*cli"mate (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Acclimating.]  [F.  acclimater; \'85 (l. ad) + climat climate. See
   Climate.]  To habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize. J. H.
   Newman.

                                 Acclimatement

   Ac*cli"mate*ment (#), n. Acclimation. [R.]

                                  Acclimation

   Ac`cli*ma"tion (#), n. The process of becoming, or the state of being,
   acclimated, or habituated to a new climate; acclimatization.

                                Acclimatizable

   Ac*cli"ma*ti`za*ble (#), a. Capable of being acclimatized.
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                                Acclimatization

   Ac*cli"ma*ti*za"tion  (#), n. The act of acclimatizing; the process of
   inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured. Darwin.

                                  Acclimatize

   Ac*cli"ma*tize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimatized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Acclimatizing  (#).]  To inure or habituate to a climate different
   from that which is natural; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign
   or strange climate; said of man, the inferior animals, or plants.

                                  Acclimature

   Ac*cli"ma*ture  (#;  135),  n. The act of acclimating, or the state of
   being acclimated. [R.] Caldwell.

                                    Acclive

   Ac*clive" (#), a. Acclivous. [Obs.]

                                 Accliffitous

   Ac*cliff"i*tous (#), a. Acclivous. I. Taylor.

                                   Acclivity

   Ac*cliv"i*ty,  n.;  pl. Acclivities (#). [L. acclivitas, fr. acclivis,
   acclivus,  ascending; ad + clivus a hill, slope, fr. root kli to lean.
   See Lean.] A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill,
   considered as ascending, in opposition to declivity, or descending; an
   upward slope; ascent.

                                   Acclivous

   Ac*cli"vous  (#;  277), a. [L. acclivis and acclivus.] Sloping upward;
   rising as a hillside; -- opposed to declivous.

                                    Accloy

   Ac*cloy" (#), v. t. [OF. encloyer, encloer, F. enclouer, to drive in a
   nail,  fr. L. in + clavus nail.] To fill to satiety; to stuff full; to
   clog; to overload; to burden. See Cloy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Accoast

   Ac*coast"  (#),  v.  t. & i. [See Accost, Coast.] To lie or sail along
   the coast or side of; to accost. [Obs.]

     Whether high towering or accosting low. Spenser.

                                    Accoil

   Ac*coil"  (#),  v. t. [OE. acoillir to receive, F. accueillir; L. ad +
   colligere to collect. See Coil.]

   1. To gather together; to collect. [Obs.] Spenser.

   2. (Naut.) To coil together. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

                                   Accolade

   Ac`co*lade"  (#; 277), n. [F. accolade, It. accolata, fr. accollare to
   embrace; L. ad + collum neck.]

   1.  A  ceremony  formerly used in conferring knighthood, consisting am
   embrace,  and  a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat blade of a
   sword.

   2. (Mus.) A brace used to join two or more staves.

                                 Accombination

   Ac*com*bi*na"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  ad  +  E.  combination.] A combining
   together. [R.]

                                 Accommodable

   Ac*com"mo*da*ble   (#),   a.   [Cf.  F.  accommodable.]  That  may  be
   accommodated, fitted, or made to agree. [R.] I. Watts.

                               Accommodableness

   Ac*com"mo*dable*ness,   n.   The   quality   or   condition  of  being
   accommodable. [R.] Todd.

                                  Accommodate

   Ac*com"mo*date (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accommodated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accommodating  (#).]  [L. accommodatus, p. p. of accommodare; ad +
   commodare  to  make  fit,  help; con- + modus measure, proportion. See
   Mode.]

   1.  To  render  fit, suitable, or correspondent; to adapt; to conform;
   as,  to accommodate ourselves to circumstances. "They accomodate their
   counsels to his inclination." Addison.

   2.  To  bring  into agreement or harmony; to reconcile; to compose; to
   adjust; to settle; as, to accommodate differences, a dispute, etc.

   3. To furnish with something desired, needed, or convenient; to favor;
   to oblige; as, to accommodate a friend with a loan or with lodgings.

   4. To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to
   adapt  or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to
   facts,  etc.;  as, to accommodate prophecy to events. Syn. -- To suit;
   adapt; conform; adjust; arrange.

                                  Accommodate

   Ac*com"mo*date,  v.  i.  To  adapt  one's  self;  to be conformable or
   adapted. [R.] Boyle.

                                  Accommodate

   Ac*com"mo*date   (#),  a.  [L.  accommodatus,  p.p.  of  accommodare.]
   Suitable;  fit;  adapted;  as,  means  accommodate  to  end. [Archaic]
   Tillotson.

                                 Accommodately

   Ac*com"mo*date*ly, adv. Suitably; fitly. [R.]

                                Accommodateness

   Ac*com"mo*date*ness, n. Fitness. [R.]

                                 Accommodating

   Ac*com"mo*da`ting   (#),   a.   Affording,   or  disposed  to  afford,
   accommodation; obliging; as an accommodating man, spirit, arrangement.

                                 Accommodation

   Ac*com`mo*da"tion  (#),  n.  [L. accommodatio, fr. accommodare: cf. F.
   accommodation.]

   1.  The  act  of  fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or
   adapted;  adaptation; adjustment; -- followed by to. "The organization
   of the body with accommodation to its functions." Sir M. Hale.

   2. Willingness to accommodate; obligingness.

   3.   Whatever  supplies  a  want  or  affords  ease,  refreshment,  or
   convenience;  anything furnished which is desired or needful; -- often
   in  the plural; as, the accomodations -- that is, lodgings and food --
   at an inn. Sir W. Scott.

   4.  An  adjustment of differences; state of agreement; reconciliation;
   settlement. "To come to terms of accommodation." Macaulay.

   5.  The  application of a writer's language, on the ground of analogy,
   to something not originally referred to or intended.

     Many  of  those  quotations  from  the  Old Testament were probably
     intended as nothing more than accommodations. Paley.

   6. (Com.) (a) A loan of money. (b) An accommodation bill or note.
   Accommodation  bill, or note (Com.), a bill of exchange which a person
   accepts,  or  a note which a person makes and delivers to another, not
   upon a consideration received, but for the purpose of raising money on
   credit.  --  Accommodation  coach,  or  train, one running at moderate
   speed  and  stopping  at  all or nearly all stations. -- Accommodation
   ladder  (Naut.),  a  light  ladder hung over the side of a ship at the
   gangway, useful in ascending from, or descending to, small boats.

                                 Accommodator

   Ac*com"mo*da`tor   (#),  n.  He  who,  or  that  which,  accommodates.
   Warburton.

                                 Accompanable

   Ac*com"pa*na*ble (#), a. Sociable. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

                                  Accompanier

   Ac*com"pa*ni*er (#), n. He who, or that which, accompanies. Lamb.

                                 Accompaniment

   Ac*com"pa*ni*ment (#), n. [F. accompagnement.] That which accompanies;
   something  that  attends  as a circumstance, or which is added to give
   greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or
   for  the  sake  of  symmetry. Specifically: (Mus.) A part performed by
   instruments,  accompanying  another part or parts performed by voices;
   the  subordinate part, or parts, accompanying the voice or a principal
   instrument; also, the harmony of a figured bass. P. Cyc.

                                  Accompanist

   Ac*com"pa*nist   (#),   n.  The  performer  in  music  who  takes  the
   accompanying part. Busby.

                                   Accompany

   Ac*com"pa*ny (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accompanied (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accompanying  (#)]  [OF.  aacompaignier,  F. accompagner, to associate
   with, fr. OF. compaign, compain, companion. See Company.]

   1.  To  go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company
   with;  to go along with; -- followed by with or by; as, he accompanied
   his speech with a bow.

     The  Persian dames, . . . In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march.
     Glover.

     They  are never alone that are accompanied with noble thoughts. Sir
     P. Sidney.

     He  was  accompanied  by  two  carts  filled  with  wounded rebels.
     Macaulay.

   2.  To cohabit with. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert. Syn. -- To attend; escort;
   go with. -- To Accompany, Attend, Escort. We accompany those with whom
   we  go  as  companions.  The  word  imports an equality of station. We
   attend  those whom we wait upon or follow. The word conveys an idea of
   subordination. We escort those whom we attend with a view to guard and
   protect.  A  gentleman  accompanies  a friend to some public place; he
   attends or escorts a lady.

                                   Accompany

   Ac*com"pa*ny, v. i.

   1. To associate in a company; to keep company. [Obs.] Bacon.

     Men  say  that  they  will  drive  away  one another, . . . and not
     accompany together. Holland.

   2. To cohabit (with). [Obs.] Milton.

   3. (Mus.) To perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition.

                                 Accompletive

   Ac*com"ple*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  ad + complere, completum, to fill up.]
   Tending to accomplish. [R.]

                                  Accomplice

   Ac*com"plice  (#), n. [Ac- (perh. for the article a or for L. ad) + E.
   complice. See Complice.]

   1. A cooperator. [R.]

     Success unto our valiant general, And happiness to his accomplices!
     Shak.

   2.  (Law) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in
   an offense, whether a principal or an accessory. "And thou, the cursed
   accomplice of his treason." Johnson.

     NOTE: It is  fo llowed by  with or of before a person and by in (or
     sometimes  of)  before the crime; as, A was an accomplice with B in
     the  murder of C. Dryden uses it with to before a thing. "Suspected
     for accomplice to the fire." Dryden.

   Syn.   --   Abettor;  accessory;  assistant;  associate;  confederate;
   coadjutor; ally; promoter. See Abettor.

                                Accompliceship

   Ac*com"plice*ship  (#),  n. The state of being an accomplice. [R.] Sir
   H. Taylor.

                                 Accomplicity

   Ac`com*plic"i*ty (#), n. The act or state of being an accomplice. [R.]

                                  Accomplish

   Ac*com"plish  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accomplished (#), p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accomplishing.]  [OE. acomplissen, OF. accomplir, F. accomplir; L.
   ad + complere to fill up, complete. See Complete, Finish.]

   1. To complete, as time or distance.

     That  He  would  accomplish  seventy  years  in  the desolations of
     Jerusalem. Dan. ix. 2.

     He had accomplished half a league or more. Prescott.

   2.  To  bring  to  an issue of full success; to effect; to perform; to
   execute  fully;  to  fulfill; as, to accomplish a design, an object, a
   promise.

     This that is written must yet be accomplished in me. Luke xxii. 37.

   3. To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements;
   to render accomplished; to polish.

     The armorers accomplishing the knights. Shak.

     It  [the  moon]  is  fully accomplished for all those ends to which
     Providence did appoint it. Wilkins.

     These  qualities  .  .  .  go to accomplish a perfect woman. Cowden
     Clarke.

   4.  To  gain; to obtain. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- To do; perform; fulfill;
   realize;  effect;  effectuate; complete; consummate; execute; achieve;
   perfect;  equip;  furnish. -- To Accomplish, Effect, Execute, Achieve,
   Perform. These words agree in the general idea of carrying out to some
   end  proposed.  To  accomplish  (to  fill  up  to  the  measure of the
   intention) generally implies perseverance and skill; as, to accomplish
   a  plan  proposed  by one's self, an object, a design, an undertaking.
   "Thou shalt accomplish my desire." 1 Kings v. 9.

     He  .  . . expressed his desire to see a union accomplished between
     England and Scotland. Macaulay.

   To  effect  (to  work out) is much like accomplish. It usually implies
   some   degree  of  difficulty  contended  with;  as,  he  effected  or
   accomplished  what  he  intended,  his  purpose,  but little. "What he
   decreed, he effected." Milton.

     To  work in close design by fraud or guile What force effected not.
     Milton.

   To  execute  (to  follow out to the end, to carry out, or into effect)
   implies a set mode of operation; as, to execute the laws or the orders
   of  another;  to  execute a work, a purpose, design, plan, project. To
   perform  is much like to do, though less generally applied. It conveys
   a  notion  of  protracted  and  methodical  effort;  as,  to perform a
   mission,  a  part,  a  task,  a  work.  "Thou  canst best perform that
   office." Milton.

     The  Saints,  like  stars,  around  his  seat Perform their courses
     still. Keble.

   To  achieve  (to  come  to the end or arrive at one's purpose) usually
   implies  some enterprise or undertaking of importance, difficulty, and
   excellence.

                                Accomplishable

   Ac*com"plish*a*ble (#), a. Capable of being accomplished; practicable.
   Carlyle.

                                 Accomplished

   Ac*com"plished (#), a.

   1. Completed; effected; established; as, an accomplished fact.

   2.  Complete  in  acquirements  as  the result usually of training; --
   commonly in a good sense; as, an accomplished scholar, an accomplished
   villain.

     They . . . show themselves accomplished bees. Holland.

     Daughter of God and man, accomplished Eve. Milton.

                                 Accomplisher

   Ac*com"plish*er (#), n. One who accomplishes.

                                Accomplishment

   Ac*com"plish*ment (#), n. [F. accomplissement, fr. accomplir.]

   1.   The   act   of  accomplishing;  entire  performance;  completion;
   fulfillment;  as,  the accomplishment of an enterprise, of a prophecy,
   etc.

   2.  That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly; acquirement;
   attainment;  that which constitutes excellence of mind, or elegance of
   manners,  acquired by education or training. "My new accomplishment of
   dancing." Churchill. "Accomplishments befitting a station." Thackeray.

     Accomplishments  have taken virtue's place, And wisdom falls before
     exterior grace. Cowper.

                                    Accompt

   Ac*compt" (#; formerly #), n. See Account.

     NOTE: &hand; Accompt, accomptant, etc., are archaic forms.

                                  Accomptable

   Ac*compt"a*ble (#), a. See Accountable.

                                  Accomptant

   Ac*compt"ant (#), n. See Accountant.

                                    Accord

   Ac*cord" (#), n. [OE. acord, accord, OF. acort, acorde, F. accord, fr.
   OF. acorder, F. accorder. See Accord, v. t.]

   1.  Agreement  or  concurrence of opinion, will, or action; harmony of
   mind; consent; assent.

     A mediator of an accord and peace between them. Bacon.

     These all continued with one accord in prayer. Acts i. 14.

   2.  Harmony  of  sounds; agreement in pitch and tone; concord; as, the
   accord of tones.

     Those sweet accords are even the angels' lays. Sir J. Davies.

     3.  Agreement,  harmony,  or just correspondence of things; as, the
     accord of light and shade in painting.

     4.  Voluntary  or spontaneous motion or impulse to act; -- preceded
     by own; as, of one's own accord.

     That  which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou shalt not
     reap. Lev. xxv. 5.

     Of his own accord he went unto you. 2 Cor. vii. 17.

     5.  (Law)  An  agreement  between  parties in controversy, by which
     satisfaction for an injury is stipulated, and which, when executed,
     bars a suit. Blackstone.

   With one accord, with unanimity.

     They rushed with one accord into the theater. Acts xix. 29.

                                    Accord

   Ac*cord",  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Accorded; p. pr. & vb. n. According.]
   [OE.  acorden,  accorden, OF. acorder, F. accorder, fr. LL. accordare;
   L. ad + cor, cordis, heart. Cf. Concord, Discord, and see Heart.]

   1.  To  make  to agree or correspond; to suit one thing to another; to
   adjust; -- followed by to. [R.]

     Her hands accorded the lute's music to the voice. Sidney.

   2.  To  bring  to  an  agreement, as persons; to reconcile; to settle,
   adjust,  harmonize,  or  compose,  as  things;  as, to accord suits or
   controversies.

     When they were accorded from the fray. Spenser.

     All  which  particulars, being confessedly knotty and difficult can
     never  be  accorded  but by a competent stock of critical learning.
     South.

   3. To grant as suitable or proper; to concede; to award; as, to accord
   to one due praise. "According his desire." Spenser.

                                    Accord

   Ac*cord", v. i.

   1.  To  agree;  to  correspond; to be in harmony; -- followed by with,
   formerly also by to; as, his disposition accords with his looks.

     My heart accordeth with my tongue. Shak.

     Thy actions to thy words accord. Milton.

   2. To agree in pitch and tone.

                                  Accordable

   Ac*cord"a*ble (#), a. [OF. acordable, F. accordable.]

   1. Agreeing. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. Reconcilable; in accordance.

                                  Accordance

   Ac*cord"ance  (#), n. [OF. acordance.] Agreement; harmony; conformity.
   "In  strict  accordance  with  the  law."  Macaulay.  Syn. -- Harmony;
   unison; coincidence.

                                  Accordancy

   Ac*cord"an*cy (#), n. Accordance. [R.] Paley.

                                   Accordant

   Ac*cord"ant (#), a. [OF. acordant, F. accordant.] Agreeing; consonant;
   harmonious; corresponding; conformable; -- followed by with or to.

     Strictly accordant with true morality. Darwin.

     And now his voice accordant to the string. Coldsmith.

                                  Accordantly

   Ac*cord"ant*ly,   adv.   In   accordance   or   agreement;  agreeably;
   conformably; -- followed by with or to.

                                   Accorder

   Ac*cord"er (#), n. One who accords, assents, or concedes. [R.]

                                   According

   Ac*cord"ing,  p.  a.  Agreeing;  in  agreement or harmony; harmonious.
   "This  according  voice  of  national  wisdom."  Burke. "Mind and soul
   according well." Tennyson.

     According to him, every person was to be bought. Macaulay.

     Our zeal should be according to knowledge. Sprat.

     NOTE: &hand; Ac cording to  has been called a prepositional phrase,
     but  strictly  speaking,  according is a participle in the sense of
     agreeing, acceding, and to alone is the preposition.

   According  as,  precisely as; the same as; corresponding to the way in
   which. According as is an adverbial phrase, of which the propriety has
   been doubted; but good usage sanctions it. See According, adv.
   
     Is all things well, According as I gave directions? Shak.
     
     The  land  which  the  Lord  will  give  you  according  as he hath
     promised. Ex. xii. 25.
     
   p. 13 

                                   According

   Ac*cord"ing (#), adv. Accordingly; correspondingly. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Accordingly

   Ac*cord"ing*ly, adv.

   1. Agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable.

     Behold, and so proceed accordingly. Shak.

   2.  In  natural  sequence;  consequently;  so.  Syn.  -- Consequently;
   therefore;   wherefore;   hence;  so.  --  Accordingly,  Consequently,
   indicate  a connection between two things, the latter of which is done
   on  account  of the former. Accordingly marks the connection as one of
   simple  accordance or congruity, leading naturally to the result which
   followed;  as,  he was absent when I called, and I accordingly left my
   card; our preparations were all finished, and we accordingly set sail.
   Consequently  all  finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently
   marks a closer connection, that of logical or causal sequence; as, the
   papers were not ready, and consequently could not be signed.

                                   Accordion

   Ac*cor"di*on  (#),  n.  [See  Accord.] (Mus.) A small, portable, keyed
   wind  instrument,  whose  tones are generated by play of the wind upon
   free metallic reeds.

                                 Accordionist

   Ac*cor"di*on*ist, n. A player on the accordion.

                                  Accordment

   Ac*cord"ment  (#),  n.  [OF.  acordement.  See  Accord, v.] Agreement;
   reconcilement. [Obs.] Gower.

                                  Accorporate

   Ac*cor"po*rate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  accorporare; ad + corpus, corporis,
   body.] To unite; to attach; to incorporate. [Obs.] Milton.

                                    Accost

   Ac*cost"  (#;  115),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Accosted; p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accosting.] [F. accoster, LL. accostare to bring side by side; L. ad +
   costa rib, side. See Coast, and cf. Accoast.]

   1.  To join side to side; to border; hence, to sail along the coast or
   side of. [Obs.] "So much [of Lapland] as accosts the sea." Fuller.

   2. To approach; to make up to. [Archaic] Shak.

   3. To speak to first; to address; to greet. "Him, Satan thus accosts."
   Milton.

                                    Accost

   Ac*cost",  v. i. To adjoin; to lie alongside. [Obs.] "The shores which
   to the sea accost." Spenser.

                                    Accost

   Ac*cost", n. Address; greeting. [R.] J. Morley.

                                  Accostable

   Ac*cost"a*ble (#), a. [Cf. F. accostable.] Approachable; affable. [R.]
   Hawthorne.

                                   Accosted

   Ac*cost"ed,  a. (Her.) Supported on both sides by other charges; also,
   side by side.

                                 Accouchement

   Ac*couche"ment  (#;  277),  n. [F., fr. accoucher to be delivered of a
   child,  to  aid  in  delivery, OF. acouchier orig. to lay down, put to
   bed,  go  to  bed; L. ad + collocare to lay, put, place. See Collate.]
   Delivery in childbed

                                  Accoucheur

   Ac*cou*cheur" (#), n. [F., fr. accoucher. See Accouchement.] A man who
   assists women in childbirth; a man midwife; an obstetrician.

                                  Accoucheuse

   Ac*cou*cheuse"  (#),  n. [F.., fem. of accoucher.] A midwife. [Recent]
   Dunglison.

                                    Account

   Ac*count"  (#),  n.  [OE.  acount,  account,  accompt,  OF. acont, fr.
   aconter. See Account, v. t., Count, n., 1.]

   1.  A  reckoning;  computation;  calculation; enumeration; a record of
   some reckoning; as, the Julian account of time.

     A beggarly account of empty boxes. Shak.

   2.  A  registry  of  pecuniary  transactions;  a  written  or  printed
   statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other
   things  subjected  to a reckoning or review; as, to keep one's account
   at the bank.

   3.   A  statement  in  general  of  reasons,  causes,  grounds,  etc.,
   explanatory  of some event; as, no satisfactory account has been given
   of  these  phenomena. Hence, the word is often used simply for reason,
   ground,  consideration,  motive,  etc.;  as,  on  no account, on every
   account, on all accounts.

   4.  A  statement  of  facts or occurrences; recital of transactions; a
   relation  or  narrative;  a report; a description; as, an account of a
   battle. "A laudable account of the city of London." Howell.

   5.  A  statement  and explanation or vindication of one's conduct with
   reference to judgment thereon.

     Give an account of thy stewardship. Luke xvi. 2.

   6.  An  estimate or estimation; valuation; judgment. "To stand high in
   your account." Shak.

   7.  Importance;  worth;  value;  advantage;  profit. "Men of account."
   Pope. "To turn to account." Shak.
   Account  current,  a  running or continued account between two or more
   parties,  or  a statement of the particulars of such an account. -- In
   account  with,  in  a  relation requiring an account to be kept. -- On
   account of, for the sake of; by reason of; because of. -- On one's own
   account, for one's own interest or behalf. -- To make account, to have
   an opinion or expectation; to reckon. [Obs.]

     s  other  part . . . makes account to find no slender arguments for
     this  assertion  out  of  those  very scriptures which are commonly
     urged against it. Milton.

   --  To make account of, to hold in estimation; to esteem; as, he makes
   small  account  of  beauty.  --  To  take  account of, or to take into
   account,  to take into consideration; to notice. "Of their doings, God
   takes  no  account."  Milton. -- A writ of account (Law), a writ which
   the  plaintiff  brings  demanding  that the defendant shall render his
   just  account,  or  show good cause to the contrary; -- called also an
   action  of  account.  Cowell.  Syn. -- Narrative; narration; relation;
   recital;  description;  explanation; rehearsal. -- Account, Narrative,
   Narration,  Recital.  These  words  are  applied to different modes of
   rehearsing  a series of events. Account turns attention not so much to
   the  speaker  as to the fact related, and more properly applies to the
   report  of  some single event, or a group of incidents taken as whole;
   as,  an  account  of  a  battle, of a shipwreck, etc. A narrative is a
   continuous story of connected incidents, such as one friend might tell
   to  another;  as, a narrative of the events of a siege, a narrative of
   one's  life,  etc.  Narration is usually the same as narrative, but is
   sometimes used to describe the mode of relating events; as, his powers
   of  narration are uncommonly great. Recital denotes a series of events
   drawn  out into minute particulars, usually expressing something which
   peculiarly  interests  the feelings of the speaker; as, the recital of
   one's wrongs, disappointments, sufferings, etc.

   1. To reckon; to compute; to count. [Obs.]

     The  motion  of  .  . . the sun whereby years are accounted. Sir T.
     Browne.

   2.  To  place to one's account; to put to the credit of; to assign; --
   with to. [R.] Clarendon.

   3.  To  value,  estimate, or hold in opinion; to judge or consider; to
   deem.

     Accounting that God was able to raise him up. Heb. xi. 19.

   4. To recount; to relate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                    Account

   Ac*count", v. i.

   1.  To render or receive an account or relation of particulars; as, an
   officer must account with or to the treasurer for money received.

   2.  To  render  an account; to answer in judgment; -- with for; as, we
   must account for the use of our opportunities.

   3. To give a satisfactory reason; to tell the cause of; to explain; --
   with for; as, idleness accounts for poverty.
   To  account  of,  to  esteem; to prize; to value. Now used only in the
   passive. "I account of her beauty." Shak.
   
     Newer  was  preaching  more  accounted  of  than  in  the sixteenth
     century. Canon Robinson.
     
                              Accountabilability

   Ac*count"a*bil`a*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The  state  of being accountable;
   liability  to be called on to render an account; accountableness. "The
   awful idea of accountability." R. Hall.

                                  Accountable

   Ac*count"a*ble (#), a.

   1.  Liable to be called on to render an account; answerable; as, every
   man is accountable to God for his conduct.

   2. Capable of being accounted for; explicable. [R.]

     True religion . . . intelligible, rational, and accountable, -- not
     a burden but a privilege. B. Whichcote.

   Syn. -- Amenable; responsible; liable; answerable.

                               Accountable ness

   Ac*count"a*ble  ness,  n.  The  quality or state of being accountable;
   accountability.

                                  Accountably

   Ac*count"a*bly, adv. In an accountable manner.

                                  Accountancy

   Ac*count"an*cy (#), n. The art or employment of an accountant.

                                  Accountant

   Ac*count"ant (#), n. [Cf. F. accomptant, OF. acontant, p. pr.]

   1. One who renders account; one accountable.

   2. A reckoner.

   3. One who is skilled in, keeps, or adjusts, accounts; an officer in a
   public office, who has charge of the accounts.
   Accountatn  general,  the head or superintending accountant in certain
   public  offices.  Also,  formerly,  an officer in the English court of
   chancery  who  received  the moneys paid into the court, and deposited
   them in the Bank of England.

                                  Accountant

   Ac*count"ant, a. Accountable. [Obs.] Shak.

                                Accountantship

   Ac*count"ant*ship   (#),  n.  [Accountant  +  -ship.]  The  office  or
   employment of an accountant.

                                 Account book

   Ac*count" book` (#). A book in which accounts are kept. Swift.

                                   Accouple

   Ac*cou"ple  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  acopler, F. accoupler. See Couple.] To
   join; to couple. [R.]

     The Englishmen accoupled themselves with the Frenchmen. Hall.

                                 Accouplement

   Ac*cou"ple*ment (#), n. [Cf. F. accouplement.]

   1.  The  act  of  coupling, or the state of being coupled; union. [R.]
   Caxton.

   2. That which couples, as a tie or brace. [R.]

                                   Accourage

   Ac*cour"age  (#),  v.  t.  [OF.  acoragier; \'85 (L. ad) + corage. See
   Courage.] To encourage. [Obs.]

                                    Accourt

   Ac*court"   (#),  v.  t.  [Ac-,  for  L.  ad.  See  Court.]  To  treat
   courteously; to court. [Obs.] Spenser.

                              Accouter, Accoutre

   Ac*cou"ter,  Ac*cou"tre  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accoutered or
   Accoutred  (#);  p.  pr.  &  vb.  n.  Accoutering  or Accoutring.] [F.
   accouter,  OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; \'85 (L. ad) + perh. LL. custor,
   for  custos  guardian,  sacristan  (cf.  Custody), or perh. akin to E.
   guilt.]  To furnish with dress, or equipments, esp. those for military
   service; to equip; to attire; to array.

     Bot accoutered like young men. Shak.

     For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. Dryden.

     Accoutered with his burden and his staff. Wordsworth.

                         Accouterments, Accoutrements

   Ac*cou"ter*ments,  Ac*cou"tre*ments  (#),  n.  pl.  [F.  accoutrement,
   earlier also accoustrement, earlier also accoustrement. See Accouter.]
   Dress;  trappings; equipment; specifically, the devices and equipments
   worn by soldiers.

     How gay with all the accouterments of war!

                                     Accoy

     Ac*coy" (#), v. t. [OF. acoyer; ac-, for L. ad. See Coy.]

     1. To render quiet; to soothe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     2. To subdue; to tame; to daunt. [Obs.]

     Then is your careless courage accoyed. Spenser.

                                   Accredit

     Ac*cred"it  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Accredited; p. pr. & vb. n.
     Accrediting.]  [F.  accr\'82diter; \'85 (L. ad) + cr\'82dit credit.
     See Credit.]

     1. To put or bring into credit; to invest with credit or authority;
     to sanction.

     His censure will . . . accredit his praises. Cowper.

     These  reasons  .  .  .  which  accredit  and fortify mine opinion.
     Shelton.

     2.  To  send  with  letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, or
     diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or delegate.

     Beton . . . was accredited to the Court of France. Froude.

     3. To believe; to credit; to put trust in.

     The  version  of  early  Roman  history which was accredited in the
     fifth century. Sir G. C. Lewis.

     He  accredited  and repeated stories of apparitions and witchcraft.
     Southey.

     4.  To  credit;  to  vouch  for  or  consider  (some  one) as doing
     something, or (something) as belonging to some one.

   To accredit (one) with (something), to attribute something to him; as,
   Mr.  Clay  was  accredited  with these views; they accredit him with a
   wise saying.

                                 Accreditation

   Ac*cred`i*ta"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of  accrediting; as, letters of
   accreditation.

                                Accrementitial

   Ac`cre*men*ti"tial (#), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to accremention.

                                Accrementition

   Ac`cre*men*ti"tion  (#),  n. [See Accresce, Increment.] (Physiol.) The
   process of generation by development of blastema, or fission of cells,
   in  which the new formation is in all respect like the individual from
   which it proceeds.

                                   Accresce

   Ac*cresce" (#), v. i. [L. accrescere. See Accrue.]

   1. To accrue. [R.]

   2. To increase; to grow. [Obs.] Gillespie.

                                  Accrescence

   Ac*cres"cence  (#),  n.  [LL.  accrescentia.]  Continuous  growth;  an
   accretion. [R.]

     The  silent accrescence of belief from the unwatched depositions of
     a general, never contradicted hearsy. Coleridge.

                                  Accrescent

   Ac*cres"cent  (#), a. [L. accrescens, -entis, p. pr. of accrescere; ad
   + crescere to grow. See Crescent.]

   1. Growing; increasing. Shuckford.

   2. (Bot.) Growing larger after flowering. Gray.

                                    Accrete

   Ac*crete"  (#),  v.  i.  [From  L.  accretus,  p.  p. of accrescere to
   increase.]

   1. To grow together.

   2. To adhere; to grow (to); to be added; -- with to.

                                    Accrete

   Ac*crete", v. t. To make adhere; to add. Earle.

                                    Accrete

   Ac*crete", a.

   1. Characterized by accretion; made up; as, accrete matter.

   2. (Bot.) Grown together. Gray.

                                   Accretion

   Ac*cre"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  accretio,  fr. accrescere to increase. Cf.
   Crescent, Increase, Accrue.]

   1.  The  act  of  increasing  by  natural growth; esp. the increase of
   organic  bodies  by  the  internal accession of parts; organic growth.
   Arbuthnot.

   2.  The  act  of  increasing,  or the matter added, by an accession of
   parts externally; an extraneous addition; as, an accretion of earth.

     A mineral . . . augments not by grown, but by accretion. Owen.

     To strip off all the subordinate parts of his as a later accretion.
     Sir G. C. Lewis.

   3.  Concretion;  coherence of separate particles; as, the accretion of
   particles so as to form a solid mass.

   4.  A  growing together of parts naturally separate, as of the fingers
   toes. Dana.

   5.  (Law) (a) The adhering of property to something else, by which the
   owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to another; generally,
   gain  of  land  by  the  washing  up of sand or sail from the sea or a
   river,  or  by  a  gradual  recession  of  the  water  from  the usual
   watermark.  (b) Gain to an heir or legatee, failure of a coheir to the
   same succession, or a co-legatee of the same thing, to take his share.
   Wharton. Kent.

                                   Accretive

   Ac*cre"tive  (#),  a. Relating to accretion; increasing, or adding to,
   by growth. Glanvill.

                                  Accriminate

   Ac*crim"i*nate  (#), v. t. [L. ac- (for ad to) + criminari.] To accuse
   of a crime. [Obs.] -- Ac*crim`i*na"tion (#), n. [Obs.]

                                   Accroach

   Ac*croach"  (#),  v.  t.  [OE.  acrochen,  accrochen,  to  obtain, OF.
   acrochier, F. accrocher; \'85 (L. ad) + croc hook (E. crook).]

   1. To hook, or draw to one's self as with a hook. [Obs.]

   2. To usurp, as jurisdiction or royal prerogatives.

     They had attempted to accroach to themselves royal power. Stubbs.

                                 Accroachment

   Ac*croach"ment   (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  accrochement.]  An  encroachment;
   usurpation. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                    Accrual

   Ac*cru"al (#), n. Accrument. [R.]

                                    Accrue

   Ac*crue"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Accrued (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accruing.] [See Accrue, n., and cf. Accresce, Accrete.]

   1. To increase; to augment.

     And though power failed, her courage did accrue. Spenser.

   2.  To  come  to by way of increase; to arise or spring as a growth or
   result;  to be added as increase, profit, or damage, especially as the
   produce of money lent. "Interest accrues to principal." Abbott.

     The  great  and  essential  advantages accruing to society from the
     freedom of the press. Junius.

                                    Accrue

   Ac*crue",  n.  [F.  accr\'96,  OF.  acre\'81,  p. p. of accroitre, OF.
   acroistre  to  increase;  L. ad + crescere to increase. Cf. Accretion,
   Crew.  See  Crescent.]  Something  that  accrues;  advantage accruing.
   [Obs.]

                                    Accruer

   Ac*cru"er  (#),  n. (Law) The act of accruing; accretion; as, title by
   accruer.

                                   Accrument

   Ac*cru"ment  (#),  n.  The  process  of  accruing,  or  that which has
   accrued; increase. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Accubation

   Ac`cu*ba"tion  (#),  n.  [L. accubatio, for accubatio, fr. accubare to
   recline;  ad  + cubare to lie down. See Accumb.] The act or posture of
   reclining on a couch, as practiced by the ancients at meals.

                                    Accumb

   Ac*cumb" (#), v. i. [L. accumbere; ad + cumbere (only in compounds) to
   lie down.] To recline, as at table. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                  Accumbency

   Ac*cum"ben*cy (#), n. The state of being accumbent or reclining. [R.]

                                   Accumbent

   Ac*cum"bent (#), a.

   1. Leaning or reclining, as the ancients did at their meals.

     The Roman.. accumbent posture in eating. Arbuthnot.

   2.  (Bot.)  Lying  against  anything,  as  one  part of a leaf against
   another leaf. Gray.

     Accumbent  cotyledons have their edges placed against the caulicle.
     Eaton.

                                   Accumbent

   Ac*cum"bent, n. One who reclines at table.

                                   Accumber

   Ac*cum"ber (#), v. t. To encumber. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                  Accumulate

   Ac*cu"mu*late  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accumulated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Accumulating.] [L. accumulatus, p. p. of accumulare; ad + cumulare
   to  heap.  See Cumulate.] To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect
   or bring together; to amass; as, to accumulate a sum of money. Syn. --
   To  collect;  pile up; store; amass; gather; aggregate; heap together;
   hoard. <-- p. 14 -->

                                  Accumulate

   Ac*cu"mu*late (#), v. i. To grow or increase in quantity or number; to
   increase greatly.

     Ill  fares  the  land,  to  hastening  ills  a  prey,  Where wealth
     accumulates, and men decay. Goldsmith.

                                  Accumulate

   Ac*cu"mu*late   (#),   a.  [L.  accumulatus,  p.  p.  of  accumulare.]
   Collected; accumulated. Bacon.

                                 Accumulation

   Ac*cu`mu*la"tion (#), n. [L. accumulatio; cf. F. accumulation.]

   1.  The  act  of accumulating, the state of being accumulated, or that
   which is accumulated; as, an accumulation of earth, of sand, of evils,
   of wealth, of honors.

   2. (Law) The concurrence of several titles to the same proof.
   Accumulation  of  energy  or  power, the storing of energy by means of
   weights  lifted  or  masses  put  in motion; electricity stored. -- An
   accumulation  of degrees (Eng. Univ.), the taking of several together,
   or at smaller intervals than usual or than is allowed by the rules.

                                 Accumulative

   Ac*cu"mu*la*tive  (#),  a.  Characterized  by accumulation; serving to
   collect or amass; cumulative; additional. -- Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ly, adv.
   -- Ac*cu"mu*la*tive*ness, n.

                                  Accumulator

   Ac*cu"mu*la`tor (#), n. [L.]

   1. One who, or that which, accumulates, collects, or amasses.

   2.  (Mech.)  An  apparatus  by  means  of which energy or power can be
   stored,  such  as the cylinder or tank for storing water for hydraulic
   elevators,  the secondary or storage battery used for accumulating the
   energy of electrical charges, etc.

   3.  A  system of elastic springs for relieving the strain upon a rope,
   as in deep-sea dredging.

                                   Accuracy

   Ac"cu*ra*cy  (#; 277), n. [See Accurate.] The state of being accurate;
   freedom  from mistakes, this exemption arising from carefulness; exact
   conformity  to  truth,  or  to  a rule or model; precision; exactness;
   nicety;  correctness;  as,  the  value  of  testimony  depends  on its
   accuracy.

     The  professed  end  [of logic] is to teach men to think, to judge,
     and to reason, with precision and accuracy. Reid.

     The accuracy with which the piston fits the sides. Lardner.

                                   Accurate

   Ac"cu*rate  (#),  a. [L. accuratus, p. p. and a., fr. accurare to take
   care of; ad + curare to take care, cura care. See Cure.]

   1.  In  exact  or  careful conformity to truth, or to some standard of
   requirement, the result of care or pains; free from failure, error, or
   defect;  exact;  as,  an  accurate  calculator;  an  accurate measure;
   accurate expression, knowledge, etc.

   2. Precisely fixed; executed with care; careful. [Obs.]

     Those  conceive  the celestial bodies have more accurate influences
     upon these things below. Bacon.

   Syn.  -- Correct; exact; just; nice; particular. -- Accurate, Correct,
   Exact,  Precise. We speak of a thing as correct with reference to some
   rule  or  standard  of  comparison;  as,  a correct account, a correct
   likeness, a man of correct deportment. We speak of a thing as accurate
   with  reference  to  the  care  bestowed  upon  its execution, and the
   increased  correctness  to  be  expected  therefrom;  as,  an accurate
   statement,  an  accurate detail of particulars. We speak of a thing as
   exact with reference to that perfected state of a thing in which there
   is  no  defect  and no redundance; as, an exact coincidence, the exact
   truth, an exact likeness. We speak of a thing as precise when we think
   of  it  as  strictly  conformed  to some rule or model, as if cut down
   thereto; as a precise conformity instructions; precisely right; he was
   very precise in giving his directions.

                                  Accurately

   Ac"cu*rate*ly, adv. In an accurate manner; exactly; precisely; without
   error or defect.

                                 Accurateness

   Ac"cu*rate*ness,  n. The state or quality of being accurate; accuracy;
   exactness; nicety; precision.

                                    Accurse

   Ac*curse"  (#),  v.  t.  [OE. acursien, acorsien; pref. a + cursien to
   curse.  See  Curse.]  To devote to destruction; to imprecate misery or
   evil upon; to curse; to execrate; to anathematize.

     And the city shall be accursed. Josh. vi. 17.

     Thro' you, my life will be accurst. Tennyson.

                               Accursed, Accurst

   Ac*cursed"  (#),  Ac*curst"  (#),  p. p. & a. Doomed to destruction or
   misery;  cursed;  hence,  bad enough to be under the curse; execrable;
   detestable;  exceedingly  hateful;  --  as, an accursed deed. Shak. --
   Ac*curs"ed*ly, adv. -- Ac*curs"ed*ness, n.

                                   Accusable

   Ac*cus"a*ble  (#), a. [L. accusabilis: cf. F. accusable.] Liable to be
   accused  or  censured;  chargeable with a crime or fault; blamable; --
   with of.

                                    Accusal

   Ac*cus"al (#), n. Accusation. [R.] Byron.

                                   Accusant

   Ac*cus"ant (#), n. [L. accusans, p. pr. of accusare: cf. F. accusant.]
   An accuser. Bp. Hall.

                                  Accusation

   Ac`cu*sa"tion (#), n. [OF. acusation, F. accusation, L. accusatio, fr.
   accusare. See Accuse.]

   1.  The  act  of  accusing  or charging with a crime or with a lighter
   offense.

     We come not by the way of accusation To taint that honor every good
     tongue blesses. Shak.

   2. That of which one is accused; the charge of an offense or crime, or
   the declaration containing the charge.

     [They] set up over his head his accusation. Matt. xxvii. 37.

   Syn. -- Impeachment; crimination; censure; charge.

                                  Accusatival

   Ac*cu`sa*ti"val (#), a. Pertaining to the accusative case.

                                  Accusative

   Ac*cu"sa*tive  (#), a. [F. accusatif, L. accusativus (in sense 2), fr.
   accusare. See Accuse.]

   1.   Producing   accusations;  accusatory.  "This  hath  been  a  very
   accusative age." Sir E. Dering.

   2.  (Gram.) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin and Greek
   nouns)  which  expresses  the  immediate object on which the action or
   influence  of a transitive verb terminates, or the immediate object of
   motion  or  tendency to, expressed by a preposition. It corresponds to
   the objective case in English.

                                  Accusative

   Ac*cu"sa*tive, n. (Gram.) The accusative case.

                                 Accusatively

   Ac*cu"sa*tive*ly, adv.

   1. In an accusative manner.

   2. In relation to the accusative case in grammar.

                                 Accusatorial

   Ac*cu`sa*to"ri*al (#), a. Accusatory.

                                Accusatorially

   Ac*cu`sa*to"ri*al*ly, adv. By way accusation.

                                  Accusatory

   Ac*cu"sa*to*ry (#), a. [L. accusatorius, fr. accusare.] Pertaining to,
   or containing, an accusation; as, an accusatory libel. Grote.

                                    Accuse

   Ac*cuse" (#), n. Accusation. [Obs.] Shak.

                                    Accuse

   Ac*cuse",  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Accusing.]
   [OF. acuser, F. accuser, L. accusare, to call to account, accuse; ad +
   causa cause, lawsuit. Cf. Cause.]

   1.  To  charge with, or declare to have committed, a crime or offense;
   (Law) to charge with an offense, judicially or by a public process; --
   with of; as, to accuse one of a high crime or misdemeanor.

     Neither  can they prove the things whereof they now accuse me. Acts
     xxiv. 13.

     We are accused of having persuaded Austria and Sardinia to lay down
     their arms. Macaulay.

   2. To charge with a fault; to blame; to censure.

     Their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else excusing one another.
     Rom. ii. 15.

   3. To betray; to show. [L.] Sir P. Sidney.
   Syn.  --  To  charge;  blame;  censure;  reproach;  criminate; indict;
   impeach;  arraign. -- To Accuse, Charge, Impeach, Arraign. These words
   agree  in  bringing  home to a person the imputation of wrongdoing. To
   accuse  is  a  somewhat formal act, and is applied usually (though not
   exclusively)  to  crimes; as, to accuse of treason. Charge is the most
   generic.  It  may  refer  to  a crime, a dereliction of duty, a fault,
   etc.;  more  commonly  it refers to moral delinquencies; as, to charge
   with dishonesty or falsehood. To arraign is to bring (a person) before
   a  tribunal for trial; as, to arraign one before a court or at the bar
   public opinion. To impeach is officially to charge with misbehavior in
   office;  as,  to  impeach  a minister of high crimes. Both impeach and
   arraign convey the idea of peculiar dignity or impressiveness.

                                    Accused

   Ac*cused" (#), a. Charged with offense; as, an accused person.

     NOTE: Commonly us ed su bstantively; as , th e accused, one charged
     with an offense; the defendant in a criminal case.

                                  Accusement

   Ac*cuse"ment  (#),  n. [OF. acusement. See Accuse.] Accusation. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                    Accuser

   Ac*cus"er  (#),  n.  [OE.  acuser,  accusour;  cf. OF. acuseor, fr. L.
   accusator,  fr. accusare.] One who accuses; one who brings a charge of
   crime or fault.

                                  Accusingly

   Ac*cus"ing*ly, adv. In an accusing manner.

                                   Accustom

   Ac*cus"tom  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Accustomed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Accustoming.] [OF. acostumer, acustumer, F. accoutumer; \'85 (L. ad) +
   OF. costume, F. coutume, custom. See Custom.] To make familiar by use;
   to habituate, familiarize, or inure; -- with to.

     I  shall  always  fear  that  he  who accustoms himself to fraud in
     little  things,  wants  only opportunity to practice it in greater.
     Adventurer.

   Syn. -- To habituate; inure; exercise; train.

                                   Accustom

   Ac*cus"tom, v. i.

   1. To be wont. [Obs.] Carew.

   2. To cohabit. [Obs.]

     We  with  the  best men accustom openly; you with the basest commit
     private adulteries. Milton.

                                   Accustom

   Ac*cus"tom, n. Custom. [Obs.] Milton.

                                 Accustomable

   Ac*cus"tom*a*ble  (#),  a.  Habitual; customary; wonted. "Accustomable
   goodness." Latimer.

                                 Accustomably

   Ac*cus"tom*a*bly,  adv.  According to custom; ordinarily; customarily.
   Latimer.

                                 Accustomance

   Ac*cus"tom*ance  (#), n. [OF. accoustumance, F. accoutumance.] Custom;
   habitual use. [Obs.] Boyle.

                                 Accustomarily

   Ac*cus"tom*a*ri*ly (#), adv. Customarily. [Obs.]

                                  Accustomary

   Ac*cus"tom*a*ry (#), a. Usual; customary. [Archaic] Featley.

                                  Accustomed

   Ac*cus"tomed (#), a.

   1.  Familiar  through  use;  usual; customary. "An accustomed action."
   Shak.

   2. Frequented by customers. [Obs.] "A well accustomed shop." Smollett.

                                Accustomedness

   Ac*cus"tomed*ness, n. Habituation.

     Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart. Bp. Pearce.

                                      Ace

   Ace  (#),  n.;  pl. Aces (#). [OE. as, F. as, fr. L. as, assis, unity,
   copper coin, the unit of coinage. Cf. As.]

   1. A unit; a single point or spot on a card or die; the card or die so
   marked; as, the ace of diamonds.

   2. Hence: A very small quantity or degree; a particle; an atom; a jot.

     I 'll not wag an ace further. Dryden.

   To  bate  an ace, to make the least abatement. [Obs.]M/mark> -- Within
   an ace of, very near; on the point of. W. Irving.

                                   Aceldama

   A*cel"da*ma  (#),  n. [Gr. \'d3k\'c7l dam\'d3 the field of blood.] The
   potter's  field,  said to have lain south of Jerusalem, purchased with
   the  bribe  which  Judas  took for betraying his Master, and therefore
   called the field of blood. Fig.: A field of bloodshed.

     The  system  of  warfare  . . . which had already converted immense
     tracts into one universal aceldama. De Quincey.

                                   Acentric

   A*cen"tric (#), a. [Gr. Not centered; without a center.

                                    Acephal

   Ac"e*phal  (#), n. [Gr. ac\'82phale, LL. acephalus.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
   the Acephala.

                                   Acephala

   A*ceph"a*la  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  Acephal.] (Zo\'94l.) That
   division  of  the Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like the
   clams  and  oysters;  --  so called because they have no evident head.
   Formerly  the  group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and sometimes
   the Bryozoa. See Mollusca.

                                   Acephalan

   A*ceph"a*lan (#), n. Same as Acephal.

                                   Acephalan

   A*ceph"a*lan, a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Acephala.

                                   Acephali

   A*ceph"a*li (#), n. pl. [LL., pl. of acephalus. See Acephal.]

   1. A fabulous people reported by ancient writers to have heads.

   2.  (Eccl.  Hist.)  (a) A Christian sect without a leader. (b) Bishops
   and certain clergymen not under regular diocesan control.

   3. A class of levelers in the time of K. Henry I.

                                  Acephalist

   A*ceph"a*list  (#),  n.  One who acknowledges no head or superior. Dr.
   Gauden.

                                 Acephalocyst

   A*ceph"a*lo*cyst  (#),  n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A larval entozo\'94n in the
   form of a subglobular or oval vesicle, or hy datid, filled with fluid,
   sometimes  found  in  the  tissues of man and the lower animals; -- so
   called  from  the  absence of a head or visible organs on the vesicle.
   These cysts are the immature stages of certain tapeworms. Also applied
   to similar cysts of different origin.

                                Acephalocystic

   A*ceph`a*lo*cys"tic   (#),   a.  Pertaining  to,  or  resembling,  the
   acephalocysts.

                                  Acephalous

   A*ceph"a*lous (#), a. [See Acephal.]

   1. Headless.

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  Without  a distinct head; -- a term applied to bivalve
   mollusks.

   3.  (Bot.)  Having the style spring from the base, instead of from the
   apex, as is the case in certain ovaries.

   4. Without a leader or chief.

   5. Wanting the beginning.

     A false or acephalous structure of sentence. De Quincey.

   6. (Pros.) Deficient and the beginning, as a line of poetry. Brande.

                                    Acerate

   Ac"er*ate  (#),  n. [See Aceric.] (Chem.) A combination of aceric acid
   with a salifiable base.

                                    Acerate

   Ac"er*ate, a. Acerose; needle-shaped.

                                     Acerb

   A*cerb"  (#),  a.  [L.  acerbus,  fr.  acer  sharp: cf. F. acerbe. See
   Acrid.]  Sour,  bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe fruit; sharp
   and harsh.

                                   Acerbate

   A*cerb"ate  (#), v. t. [L. acerbatus, p. p. of acerbare, fr. acerbus.]
   To sour; to imbitter; to irritate.

                                    Acerbic

   A*cerb"ic (#), a. Sour or severe.

                                  Acerbitude

   A*cerb"i*tude  (#),  n.  [L.  acerbitudo,  fr.  acerbus.] Sourness and
   harshness. [Obs.] Bailey.

                                   Acerbity

   A*cerb"i*ty  (#),  n.  [F. acerbit\'82, L. acerbitas, fr. acerbus. See
   Acerb.]

   1.  Sourness  of  taste, with bitterness and astringency, like that of
   unripe fruit.

   2.  Harshness,  bitterness,  or  severity;  as, acerbity of temper, of
   language, of pain. Barrow.

                                    Aceric

   A*cer"ic (#), a. [L. acer maple.] Pertaining to, or obtained from, the
   maple; as, aceric acid. Ure.

                                    Acerose

   Ac"er*ose`  (#),  a.  [(a)  L. acerosus chaffy, fr. acus, gen. aceris,
   chaff;  (b)  as  if fr. L. acus needle: cf. F. ac\'82reux.] (Bot.) (a)
   Having the nature of chaff; chaffy. (b) Needle-shaped, having a sharp,
   rigid point, as the leaf of the pine.

                                    Acerous

   Ac"er*ous (#), a. Same as Acerose.

                                    Acerous

   Ac"er*ous,  a.  [Gr.  &a;  priv.  +  &keras;  a  horn.] (Zo\'94l.) (a)
   Destitute  of  tentacles, as certain mollusks. (b) Without antenn\'91,
   as some insects.

                                    Acerval

   A*cer"val  (#),  a.  [L. acervalis, fr. acervus heap.] Pertaining to a
   heap. [Obs.]

                                   Acervate

   A*cer"vate (#), v. t. [L. acervatus, p. p. of acervare to heap up, fr.
   acervus heap.] To heap up. [Obs.]

                                   Acervate

   A*cer"vate  (#),  a. Heaped, or growing in heaps, or closely compacted
   clusters.

                                  Acervation

   Ac`er*va"tion (#), n. [L. acervatio.] A heaping up; accumulation. [R.]
   Johnson.

                                  Acervative

   A*cer"va*tive (#), a. Heaped up; tending to heap up.

                                   Acervose

   A*cer"vose (#), a. Full of heaps. [R.] Bailey.

                                  Acervuline

   A*cer"vu*line (#), a. Resembling little heaps.

                             Acescence, Acescency

   A*ces"cence   (#),   A*ces"cen*cy  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  acescence.  See
   Acescent.]  The  quality  of  being  acescent;  the process of acetous
   fermentation; a moderate degree of sourness. Johnson.

                                   Acescent

   A*ces"cent  (#),  a.  [L. acescens, -entis, p. pr. of acescere to turn
   sour;  inchoative  of  acere  to  be sour: cf. F. acescent. See Acid.]
   Turning sour; readily becoming tart or acid; slightly sour. Faraday.

                                   Acescent

   A*ces"cent, n. A substance liable to become sour.

                                   Acetable

   Ac"e*ta*ble  (#),  n.  An  acetabulum;  or about one eighth of a pint.
   [Obs.] Holland.

                                  Acetabular

   Ac`e*tab"u*lar (#), a. Cup-shaped; saucer-shaped; acetabuliform.

                                 Acetabulifera

   Ac`e*tab`u*lif"e*ra  (#), n. pl. [NL. See Acetabuliferous.] (Zo\'94l.)
   The  division  of  Cephalopoda  in  which  the arms are furnished with
   cup-shaped  suckers,  as  the  cuttlefishes,  squids, and octopus; the
   Dibranchiata. See Cephalopoda.

                                Acetabuliferous

   Ac`e*tab`u*lif"er*ous  (#),  a. [L. acetablum a little cup + -ferous.]
   Furnished with fleshy cups for adhering to bodies, as cuttlefish, etc.

                                 Acetabuliform

   Ac`e*tab"u*li*form (#), a. [L. acetabulum + -form.] (Bot.) Shaped like
   a shallow; saucer-shaped; as, an acetabuliform calyx. Gray.

                                  Acetabulum

   Ac`e*tab"u*lum  (#),  n.  [L., a little saucer for vinegar, fr. acetum
   vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]

   1.  (Rom.  Antiq.) A vinegar cup; socket of the hip bone; a measure of
   about one eighth of a pint, etc.

   2. (Anat.) (a) The bony cup which receives the head of the thigh bone.
   (b)  The  cavity  in  which  the  leg  of an insect is inserted at its
   articulation  with  the  body. (c) A sucker of the sepia or cuttlefish
   and  related  animals.  (d) The large posterior sucker of the leeches.
   (e) One of the lobes of the placenta in ruminating animals.

                                    Acetal

   Ac"e*tal  (#),  n.  [Acetic  +  alcohol.] (Chem.) A limpid, colorless,
   inflammable  liquid  from  the  slow  oxidation  of  alcohol under the
   influence of platinum black.

                                 Acetaldehyde

   Ac`et*al"de*hyde (#), n. Acetic aldehyde. See Aldehyde.

                                   Acetamide

   Ac`et*am"ide  (#),  n.  [Acetyl  + amide.] (Chem.) A white crystalline
   solid,  from  ammonia  by  replacement of an equivalent of hydrogen by
   acetyl.

                                  Acetanilide

   Ac`et*an"i*lide  (#),  n.  [Acetyl  +  anilide.]  (Med.) A compound of
   aniline  with  acetyl,  used  to  allay  fever or pain; -- called also
   antifebrine.

                                  Acetarious

   Ac`e*ta"ri*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  acetaria,  n.  pl.,  salad,  fr. acetum
   vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] Used in salads; as, acetarious plants.
   <-- p. 15 -->

                                    Acetary

   Ac"e*ta*ry (#), n. [L. acetaria salad plants.] An acid pulp in certain
   fruits, as the pear. Grew.

                                    Acetate

   Ac"e*tate (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] (Chem.) A
   salt  formed  by  the  union  of  acetic  acid with a base or positive
   radical; as, acetate of lead, acetate of potash.

                                   Acetated

   Ac"e*ta`ted (#), a. Combined with acetic acid.

                                    Acetic

   A*ce"tic  (#;  277),  a.  [L.  acetum  vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]
   (Chem.)  (a)  Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing vinegar; producing
   vinegar;  as,  acetic  fermentation. (b) Pertaining to, containing, or
   derived  from, acetyl, as acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the
   acid to which the sour taste of vinegar is due.

                                 Acetification

   A*cet`i*fi*ca"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  of making acetous or sour; the
   process of converting, or of becoming converted, into vinegar.

                                   Acetifier

   A*cet"i*fi`er  (#),  n.  An  apparatus  for  hastening  acetification.
   Knight.

                                    Acetify

   A*cet"i*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Acetified (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acetifying  (#).]  [L. acetum vinegar + -fly.] To convert into acid or
   vinegar.

                                    Acetify

   A*cet"i*fy, v. i. To turn acid. Encyc. Dom. Econ.

                                  Acetimeter

   Ac`e*tim"e*ter   (#),   n.   [L.  acetum  vinegar  +  -meter:  cf.  F.
   ac\'82tim\'8atre.]  An  instrument for estimating the amount of acetic
   acid in vinegar or in any liquid containing acetic acid.

                                  Acetimetry

   Ac`e*tim"e*try  (#), n. The act or method of ascertaining the strength
   of vinegar, or the proportion of acetic acid contained in it. Ure.

                                    Acetin

   Ac"e*tin  (#),  n. (Chem.) A combination of acetic acid with glycerin.
   Brande & C.

                                    Acetize

   Ac"e*tize (#), v. i. To acetify. [R.]

                                  Acetometer

   Ac`e*tom"e*ter (#), n. Same as Acetimeter. Brande & C.

                                    Acetone

   Ac"e*tone  (#),  n. [See Acetic.] (Chem.) A volatile liquid consisting
   of  three  parts  of  carbon,  six  of  hydrogen,  and  one of oxygen;
   pyroacetic   spirit,  --  obtained  by  the  distillation  of  certain
   acetates,  or  by the destructive distillation of citric acid, starch,
   sugar, or gum, with quicklime.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e te rm in  al so ap plied to a number of bodies of
     similar constitution, more frequently called ketones. See Ketone.

                                   Acetonic

   Ac`e*ton"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to acetone; as, acetonic bodies.

                                    Acetose

   Ac"e*tose (#), a. Sour like vinegar; acetous.

                                   Acetosity

   Ac`e*tos"i*ty  (#),  n.  [LL. acetositas. See Acetous.] The quality of
   being acetous; sourness.

                                    Acetous

   A*ce"tous (#; 277), a. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.]

   1.  Having  a  sour  taste; sour; acid. "An acetous spirit." Boyle. "A
   liquid of an acetous kind." Bp. Lowth.

   2.   Causing,   or   connected   with,   acetification;   as,  acetous
   fermentation.
   Acetous  acid,  a  name  formerly  given  to vinegar<-- which contains
   acetic acid -->.

                                    Acetyl

   Ac"e*tyl  (#),  n.  [L.  acetum vinegar + Gr. -yl.] (Chem.) A complex,
   hypothetical  radical,  composed  of  two  parts of carbon to three of
   hydrogen and one of oxygen. Its hydroxide is acetic acid.

                                   Acetylene

   A*cet"y*lene  (#),  n.  (Chem.)  A  gaseous  compound  of  carbon  and
   hydrogen,  in  the proportion of two atoms of the former to two of the
   latter.  It  is a colorless gas, with a peculiar, unpleasant odor, and
   is  produced  for  use as an illuminating gas in a number of ways, but
   chiefly  by  the action of water on calcium carbide. Its light is very
   brilliant. Watts.

                                   Ach, Ache

   Ach, Ache (#), n. [F. ache, L. apium parsley.] A name given to several
   species of plants; as, smallage, wild celery, parsley. [Obs.] Holland.

                              Ach\'91an, Achaian

   A*ch\'91"an  (#),  A*cha"ian  (#)  a.  [L. Achaeus, Achaius; Gr. Of or
   pertaining  to  Achaia  in  Greece;  also,  Grecian. -- n. A native of
   Achaia; a Greek.

                                  Acharnement

   A*char"ne*ment (#), n. [F.] Savage fierceness; ferocity.

                                    Achate

   Ach"ate (#), n. An agate. [Obs.] Evelyn.

                                    Achate

   A*chate" (#), n. [F. achat purchase. See Cates.]

   1. Purchase; bargaining. [Obs.] Chaucer.

   2. pl. Provisions. Same as Cates. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Achatina

   Ach`a*ti"na  (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of land snails,
   often large, common in the warm parts of America and Africa.

                                   Achatour

   A*cha*tour" (#), n. [See Cater.] Purveyor; acater. [Obs.] Chaucer.

                                     Ache

   Ache  (#),  n. [OE. ache, AS. \'91ce, ece, fr. acan to ache. See Ache,
   v.  i.]  Continued  pain,  as  distinguished  from  sudden twinges, or
   spasmodic pain. "Such an ache in my bones." Shak.

     NOTE: &hand; Often used in composition, as, a headache, an earache,
     a toothache.

                                     Ache

   Ache  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ached (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Aching (#).]
   [OE.  aken,  AS.  acan, both strong verbs, AS. acan, imp. \'d3c, p. p.
   acen,  to  ache;  perh.  orig. to drive, and akin to agent.] To suffer
   pain; to have, or be in, pain, or in continued pain; to be distressed.
   "My old bones ache." Shak.

     The sins that in your conscience ache. Keble.

                                    Achean

   A*che"an (#), a & n. See Ach\'91an, Achaian.

                               Achene, Achenium

   A*chene" (#), A*che"ni*um (#) n. [Gr. (Bot.) A small, dry, indehiscent
   fruit,  containing  a  single  seed,  as in the buttercup; -- called a
   naked   seed  by  the  earlier  botanists.  [Written  also  akene  and
   ach\'91nium.]

                                   Achenial

   A*che"ni*al (#), a. Pertaining to an achene.

                                    Acheron

   Ach"e*ron  (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. (Myth.) A river in the Nether World or
   infernal  regions;  also,  the infernal regions themselves. By some of
   the English poets it was supposed to be a flaming lake or gulf. Shak.

                                  Acherontic

   Ach`e*ron"tic  (#),  a.  Of or pertaining to Acheron; infernal; hence,
   dismal, gloomy; moribund.

                                  Achievable

   A*chiev"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being achieved. Barrow.

                                  Achievance

   A*chiev"ance  (#),  n. [Cf. OF. achevance.] Achievement. [Obs.] Sir T.
   Elyot.

                                    Achieve

   A*chieve"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Achieved (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Achieving  (#).]  [OE.  acheven, OF. achever, achiever, F. achever, to
   finish;  \'85  (L.  ad)  + OF. chief, F. chef, end, head, fr. L. caput
   head. See Chief.]

   1.  To carry on to a final close; to bring out into a perfected state;
   to  accomplish;  to  perform; -- as, to achieve a feat, an exploit, an
   enterprise.

     Supposing  faculties  and  powers  to  be the same, far more may be
     achieved  in  any line by the aid of a capital, invigorating motive
     than without it. I. Taylor.

   2.  To  obtain,  or  gain,  as  the  result of exertion; to succeed in
   gaining; to win.

     Some are born great, some achieve greatness. Shak.

     Thou hast achieved our liberty. Milton.

     NOTE: [[Obs]., with a material thing as the aim.]

     Show all the spoils by valiant kings achieved. Prior.

     He hath achieved a maid That paragons description. Shak.

   3.  To  finish;  to  kill. [Obs.] Shak. Syn. -- To accomplish; effect;
   fulfill; complete; execute; perform; realize; obtain. See Accomplish.

                                  Achievement

   A*chieve"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. ach\'8avement, E. Hatchment.]

   1.  The  act  of  achieving  or  performing; an obtaining by exertion;
   successful  performance;  accomplishment;  as,  the achievement of his
   object.

   2.  A great or heroic deed; something accomplished by valor, boldness,
   or praiseworthy exertion; a feat.

     [The  exploits] of the ancient saints . . . do far surpass the most
     famous achievements of pagan heroes. Barrow.

     The highest achievements of the human intellect. Macaulay.

   3.  (Her.)  An escutcheon or ensign armorial; now generally applied to
   the funeral shield commonly called hatchment. Cussans.

                                   Achiever

   A*chiev"er (#), n. One who achieves; a winner.

                                   Achillean

   Ach`il*le"an  (#),  a.  Resembling  Achilles,  the  hero of the Iliad;
   invincible.

                               Achilles' tendon

   A*chil"les'  ten"don  (#),  n. [L. Achillis tendo.] (Anat.) The strong
   tendon  formed  of the united tendons of the large muscles in the calf
   of  the  leg, an inserted into the bone of the heel; -- so called from
   the  mythological  account  of  Achilles  being  held by the heel when
   dipped in the River Styx.

                                   Achilous

   A*chi"lous (#), a. [Gr. (Bot.) Without a lip.

                                    Aching

   Ach"ing  (#),  a.  That  aches;  continuously  painful.  See  Ache. --
   Ach"ing*ly, adv.

     The aching heart, the aching head. Longfellow.

                                    Achiote

   A`chi*o"te  (#),  n.  [Sp.  achiote, fr. Indian achiotl.] Seeds of the
   annotto tree; also, the coloring matter, annotto.

                                  Achlamydate

   A*chlam"y*date  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) Not possessing a mantle; --
   said of certain gastropods.

                                 Achlamydeous

   Ach`la*myd"e*ous  (#),  a.  (Bot.)  Naked;  having no floral envelope,
   neither calyx nor corolla.

                                    Acholia

   A*cho"li*a (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (Med.) Deficiency or want of bile.

                                   Acholous

   Ach"o*lous (#), a. (Med.) Lacking bile.

                                  Achromatic

   Ach`ro*mat"ic (#), a. [Gr. achromatique.]

   1.  (Opt.)  Free from color; transmitting light without decomposing it
   into its primary colors.

   2.  (Biol.)  Uncolored;  not  absorbing color from a fluid; -- said of
   tissue.
   Achromatic  lens  (Opt.),  a  lens  composed  usually  of two separate
   lenses,   a   convex  and  concave,  of  substances  having  different
   refractive  and  dispersive powers, as crown and flint glass, with the
   curvatures  so  adjusted that the chromatic aberration produced by the
   one  is  corrected  by other, and light emerges from the compound lens
   undecomposed. -- Achromatic prism. See Prism. -- Achromatic telescope,
   or  microscope,  one  in  which the chromatic aberration is corrected,
   usually  by  means of a compound or achromatic object glass, and which
   gives images free from extraneous color.

                                Achromatically

   Ach`ro*mat"ic*al*ly (#), adv. In an achromatic manner.

                                 Achromaticity

   Ach`ro*ma*tic"i*ty (#), n. Achromatism.

                                  Achromatin

   A*chro"ma*tin  (#),  n.  (Biol.)  Tissue which is not stained by fluid
   dyes. W. Flemming.

                                  Achromatism

   A*chro"ma*tism  (#), n. [Cf. F. achromatisme.] The state or quality of
   being  achromatic;  as,  the  achromatism  of  a  lens; achromaticity.
   Nichol.

                                Achromatization

   A*chro`ma*ti*za"tion  (#),  n.  [Cf.  F.  achromatisation.] The act or
   process of achromatizing.

                                  Achromatize

   A*chro"ma*tize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Achromatized (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Achromatizing (#).] [Gr. To deprive of color; to make achromatic.

                                 Achromatopsy

   A*chro"ma*top"sy   (#),   n.   [Gr.   Color  blindness;  inability  to
   distinguish colors; Daltonism.

                                   Achronic

   A*chron"ic (#), a. See Acronyc.

                               Achro\'94dextrin

   Ach`ro*\'94*dex"trin  (#),  n. [Gr. dextrin.] (Physiol. Chem.) Dextrin
   not colorable by iodine. See Dextrin.

                                   Achroous

   Ach"ro*ous (#), a. [Gr. Colorless; achromatic.

                                   Achylous

   A*chy"lous (#), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Without chyle.

                                   Achymous

   A*chy"mous (#), a. [Gr. (Physiol.) Without chyme.

                                    Acicula

   A*cic"u*la (#), n.; pl. Acicul\'91 (#). [L., a small needle, dimin. of
   acus needle.] (Nat. Hist.) One of the needlelike or bristlelike spines
   or prickles of some animals and plants; also, a needlelike crystal.

                                   Acicular

   A*cic"u*lar  (#),  a. Needle-shaped; slender like a needle or bristle,
   as  some  leaves or crystals; also, having sharp points like needless.
   A*cic"u*lar*ly, adv.

                             Aciculate, Aciculated

   A*cic"u*late  (#),  A*cic"u*la"ted  (#)  a. (Nat. Hist.) (a) Furnished
   with  acicul\'91. (b) Acicular. (c) Marked with fine irregular streaks
   as if scratched by a needle. Lindley.

                                  Aciculiform

   A*cic"u*li*form  (#),  a.  [L. acicula needle + -form.] Needle-shaped;
   acicular.

                                   Aciculite

   A*cic"u*lite (#), n. (Min.) Needle ore. Brande & C.

                                     Acid

   Ac"id  (#),  a.  [L.  acidus sour, fr. the root ak to be sharp: cf. F.
   acide. Cf. Acute.]

   1.  Sour,  sharp,  or  biting  to the taste; tart; having the taste of
   vinegar: as, acid fruits or liquors. Also fig.: Sour-tempered.

     He was stern and his face as acid as ever. A. Trollope.

   2. Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction.

                                     Acid

   Ac"id, n.

   1. A sour substance.

   2.  (Chem.)  One  of  a  class  of compounds, generally but not always
   distinguished  by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening
   of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the
   power  of  destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases,
   combining  with  them to form salts, at the same time losing their own
   peculiar  properties.  They  all  contain hydrogen, united with a more
   negative  element  or  radical,  either  alone, or more generally with
   oxygen,  and  take  their names from this negative element or radical.
   Those  which  contain  no  oxygen  are  sometimes  called hydracids in
   distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.

     NOTE: &hand; In  certain cases, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium may
     take  the  place  of  oxygen,  and  the corresponding compounds are
     called respectively sulphur acids or sulphacids, selenium acids, or
     tellurium  acids.  When  the  hydrogen  of an acid is replaced by a
     positive  element or radical, a salt is formed, and hence acids are
     sometimes  named  as  salts  of  hydrogen;  as hydrogen nitrate for
     nitric  acid, hydrogen sulphate for sulphuric acid, etc. In the old
     chemistry  the  name acid was applied to the oxides of the negative
     or nonmetallic elements, now sometimes called anhydrides.

                                    Acidic

   A*cid"ic  (#),  a.  (Min.)  Containing a high percentage of silica; --
   opposed  to basic. <-- 2. of or relating to acid; having the character
   of an acid, as an acidic solution. -->

                                  Acidiferous

   Ac`id*if"er*ous  (#),  a.  [L.  acidus  sour + -ferous.] Containing or
   yielding an acid.

                                  Acidifiable

   A*cid"i*fi`a*ble (#), a. Capable of being acidified, or converted into
   an acid.

                                   Acidific

   Ac`id*if"ic (#), a. Producing acidity; converting into an acid. Dana.

                                 Acidification

   A*cid`i*fi*ca"tion  (#), n. [Cf. F. acidification.] The act or process
   of acidifying, or changing into an acid.

                                   Acidifier

   A*cid"i*fi`er  (#),  n.  (Chem.) A simple or compound principle, whose
   presence  is  necessary  to  produce  acidity,  as  oxygen,  chlorine,
   bromine, iodine, etc.

                                    Acidify

   A*cid"i*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Acidified (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acidifying (#).] [L. acidus sour, acid + -fy: cf. F. acidifier.]

   1. To make acid; to convert into an acid; as, to acidify sugar.

   2. To sour; to imbitter.

     His thin existence all acidified into rage. Carlyle.

                                  Acidimeter

   Ac`id*im"e*ter   (#),  n.  [L.  acidus  acid  +  -meter.]  (Chem.)  An
   instrument for ascertaining the strength of acids. Ure.

                                  Acidimetry

   Ac`id*im"e*try  (#),  n.  [L.  acidus  acid  +  -metry.]  (Chem.)  The
   measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a chemical process
   based  on  the  law  of  chemical  combinations,  or the fact that, to
   produce  a  complete reaction, a certain definite weight of reagent is
   required. -- Ac`id*i*met"ric*al (#), a.

                                    Acidity

   A*cid"i*ty  (#),  n.  [L. acidites, fr. acidus: cf. F. acidit\'82. See
   Acid.] The quality of being sour; sourness; tartness; sharpness to the
   taste; as, the acidity of lemon juice.

                                    Acidly

   Ac"id*ly (#), adv. Sourly; tartly.

                                   Acidness

   Ac"id*ness (#), n. Acidity; sourness.

                                   Acidulate

   A*cid"u*late  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acidulated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acidulating  (#).]  [Cf.  F. aciduler. See Acidulous.] To make sour or
   acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat. Arbuthnot.

                                   Acidulent

   A*cid"u*lent  (#),  a.  Having an acid quality; sour; acidulous. "With
   anxious, acidulent face." Carlyle.

                                   Acidulous

   A*cid"u*lous (#), a. [L. acidulus, dim. of acidus. See Acid.] Slightly
   sour;   sub-acid;  sourish;  as,  an  acidulous  tincture.  E.  Burke.
   Acidulous mineral waters, such as contain carbonic anhydride.

                                   Acierage

   Ac`i*er*age  (#), n. [F. aci\'82rage, fr. acier steel.] The process of
   coating  the  surface  of  a  metal plate (as a stereotype plate) with
   steellike iron by means of voltaic electricity; steeling.

                                    Aciform

   Ac"i*form (#), a. [L. acus needle + -form.] Shaped like a needle.

                                  Acinaceous

   Ac"i*na"ceous   (#),  a.  [L.  acinus  a  grape,  grapestone.]  (Bot.)
   Containing seeds or stones of grapes, or grains like them.

                                   Acinaces

   A*cin"a*ces (#), n. [L., from Gr. (Anc. Hist.) A short sword or saber.

                                  Acinaciform

   Ac`i*nac"i*form  (#),  a.  [L.  acinaces a short sword + -form: cf. F.
   acinaciforme.] (Bot.) Scimeter-shaped; as, an acinaciform leaf.

                                   Acinesia

   Ac`i*ne"si*a (#), n. (Med.) Same as Akinesia.

                                  Acinet\'91

   Ac`i*ne"t\'91  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  A  group of
   suctorial  Infusoria,  which  in  the  adult stage are stationary. See
   Suctoria.

                                  Acinetiform

   Ac`i*net"i*form  (#),  a.  [Acinet\'91 + -form.] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling
   the Acinet\'91.

                                   Aciniform

   A*cin"i*form  (#),  a.  [L. acinus a grape, grapestone + -form: cf. F.
   acinoforme.]

   1. Having the form of a cluster of grapes; clustered like grapes.

   2. Full of small kernels like a grape.

                               Acinose, Acinous

   Ac"i*nose` (#), Ac"i*nous (#) a. [L. acinosus, fr. acinus grapestone.]
   Consisting  of  acini,  or minute granular concretions; as, acinose or
   acinous glands. Kirwan.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 16

                                    Acinus

   Ac"i*nus (#), n.; pl. Acini (#). [L., grape, grapestone.]

   1.  (Bot.) (a) One of the small grains or drupelets which make up some
   kinds of fruit, as the blackberry, raspberry, etc. (b) A grapestone.

   2.  (Anat.)  One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose or
   compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recesses in
   the lobules of a racemose gland. Quain.

                                   Acipenser

   Ac`i*pen"ser  (#),  n. [L., the name of a fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
   ganoid  fishes,  including  the  sturgeons, having the body armed with
   bony  scales,  and  the  mouth  on  the  under  side  of the head. See
   Sturgeon.

                                    Aciurgy

   Ac"i*ur`gy (#), n. [Gr. Operative surgery.

                                    Acknow

   Ac*know" (#), v. t. [Pref. a- + know; AS. oncn\'bewan.]

   1. To recognize. [Obs.] "You will not be acknown, sir." B. Jonson.

   2. To acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.] Chaucer.
   To  be  acknown  (often  with  of  or on), to acknowledge; to confess.
   [Obs.]
   
     We say of a stubborn body that standeth still in the denying of his
     fault,  This man will not acknowledge his fault, or, He will not be
     acknown of his fault. Sir T. More.
     
                                  Acknowledge
                                       
   Ac*knowl"edge  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acknowledged (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Acknowledging  (#).] [Prob. fr. pref. a- + the verb knowledge. See
   Knowledge, and ci. Acknow.]
   
   1.  To  of or admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth;
   to declare one's belief in; as, to acknowledge the being of a God.
   
     I acknowledge my transgressions. Ps. li. 3.

     For ends generally acknowledged to be good. Macaulay.

   2.  To  own or recognize in a particular character or relationship; to
   admit the claims or authority of; to give recognition to.

     In all thy ways acknowledge Him. Prov. iii. 6.

     By my soul, I'll ne'er acknowledge thee. Shak.

   3.  To  own  with  gratitude  or as a benefit or an obligation; as, to
   acknowledge a favor, the receipt of a letter.

     They his gifts acknowledged none. Milton.

   4.  To own as genuine; to assent to, as a legal instrument, to give it
   validity;  to  avow  or admit in legal form; as, to acknowledgea deed.
   Syn.  --  To  avow;  proclaim;  recognize; own; admit; allow; concede;
   confess.  --  Acknowledge,  Recognize.  Acknowledge is opposed to keep
   back,  or  conceal,  and  supposes  that something had been previously
   known  to us (though perhaps not to others) which we now feel bound to
   lay  open  or make public. Thus, a man acknowledges a secret marriage;
   one who has done wrong acknowledges his fault; and author acknowledges
   his  obligation  to  those  who  have  aided  him;  we acknowledge our
   ignorance. Recognize supposes that we have either forgotten or not had
   the  evidence  of a thing distinctly before our minds, but that now we
   know  it  (as  it were) anew, or receive and admit in on the ground of
   the  evidence  it  brings.  Thus,  we  recognize a friend after a long
   absence.  We  recognize  facts,  principles,  truths, etc., when their
   evidence  is  brought  up  fresh  to  the  mind;  as,  bad men usually
   recognize  the  providence  of  God  in  seasons  of danger. A foreign
   minister,  consul,  or agent, of any kind, is recognized on the ground
   of his producing satisfactory credentials. See also Confess.

                                Acknowledgedly

   Ac*knowl"edged*ly (#), adv. Confessedly.

                                 Acknowledger

   Ac*knowl"edg*er (#), n. One who acknowledges.

                                Acknowledgment

   Ac*knowl"edg*ment (#), n.

   1.  The  act  of acknowledging; admission; avowal; owning; confession.
   "An acknowledgment of fault." Froude.

   2.  The  act  of  owning  or  recognized  in a particular character or
   relationship;  recognition as regards the existence, authority, truth,
   or genuineness.

     Immediately  upon  the  acknowledgment  of the Christian faith, the
     eunuch was baptized by Philip. Hooker.

   3. The owning of a benefit received; courteous recognition; expression
   of thanks. Shak.

   4.  Something  given  or  done  in  return  for a favor, message, etc.
   Smollett.

   5.  A  declaration  or  avowal  of  one's  own  act,  to give it legal
   validity;  as,  the  acknowledgment of a deed before a proper officer.
   Also, the certificate of the officer attesting such declaration.
   Acknowledgment money, in some parts of England, a sum paid by copyhold
   tenants,  on  the  death  of  their landlords, as an acknowledgment of
   their  new lords. Cowell. Syn. -- Confession; concession; recognition;
   admission; avowal; recognizance.

                                    Aclinic

   A*clin"ic  (#),  a. [Gr. (Physics.) Without inclination or dipping; --
   said  the magnetic needle balances itself horizontally, having no dip.
   The aclinic line is also termed the magnetic equator. Prof. August.

                                     Acme

   Ac"me (#), n. [Gr.

   1. The top or highest point; the culmination.

     The very acme and pitch of life for epic poetry. Pope.

     The  moment when a certain power reaches the acme of its supremacy.
     I. Taylor.

   2. (Med.) The crisis or height of a disease.

   3. Mature age; full bloom of life. B. Jonson.

                                     Acne

   Ac"ne  (#),  n.  [NL.,  prob.  a  corruption  of Gr. (Med.) A pustular
   affection of the skin, due to changes in the sebaceous glands.

                                    Acnodal

   Ac*no"dal (#), a. Pertaining to acnodes.

                                    Acnode

   Ac"node  (#), n. [L. acus needle + E. node.] (Geom.) An isolated point
   not upon a curve, but whose co\'94rdinates satisfy the equation of the
   curve so that it is considered as belonging to the curve.

                                     Acock

   A*cock" (#), adv. [Pref. a- + cock.] In a cocked or turned up fashion.

                                   Acockbill

   A*cock"bill`  (#),  adv.  [Prefix  a- + cock + bill: with bills cocked
   up.]  (Naut.)  (a)  Hanging  at  the  cathead,  ready to let go, as an
   anchor. (b) Topped up; having one yardarm higher than the other.

                                     Acold

   A*cold"  (#),  a. [Prob. p. p. of OE. acolen to grow cold or cool, AS.
   \'bec\'d3lian  to  grow  cold;  pref. a- (cf. Goth. er-, orig. meaning
   out)  + c\'d3lian to cool. See Cool.] Cold. [Obs.] "Poor Tom's acold."
   Shak.

                                   Acologic

   Ac`o*log"ic (#), a. Pertaining to acology.

                                    Acology

   A*col"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -logy.]  Materia  medica;  the  science of
   remedies.

                                  Acolothist

   A*col"o*thist (#), n. See Acolythist.

                                  Acolyctine

   Ac`o*lyc"tine (#), n. [From the name of the plant.] (Chem.) An organic
   base,   in  the  form  of  a  white  powder,  obtained  from  Aconitum
   lycoctonum. Eng. Cyc.

                                    Acolyte

   Ac`o*lyte (#), n. [LL. acolythus, acoluthus, Gr. acolyte.]

   1.  (Eccl.)  One who has received the highest of the four minor orders
   in the Catholic church, being ordained to carry the wine and water and
   the lights at the Mass.

   2.  One  who  attends; an assistant. "With such chiefs, and with James
   and John as acolytes." Motley.

                                    Acolyth

   Ac"o*lyth (#), n. Same as Acolyte.

                                  Acolythist

   A*col"y*thist (#), n. An acolyte. [Obs.]

                            Aconddylose, Acondylous

   A*cond"dy*lose`  (#),  A*con"dy*lous  (#),  a. [Gr. (Nat. Hist.) Being
   without joints; jointless.

                                   Aconital

   Ac`o*ni"tal (#), a. Of the nature of aconite.

                                    Aconite

   Ac"o*nite (#), n. [L. aconitum, Gr. aconit.]

   1. (Bot.) The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; -- applied to any plant of
   the  genus  Aconitum  (tribe  Hellebore), all the species of which are
   poisonous.

   2.  An  extract or tincture obtained from Aconitum napellus, used as a
   poison and medicinally.
   Winter aconite, a plant (Eranthis hyemalis) allied to the aconites.

                                   Aconitia

   Ac`o*ni"ti*a (#), n. (Chem.) Same as Aconitine.

                                   Aconitic

   Ac`o*nit"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to aconite.

                                   Aconitine

   A*con"i*tine   (#),   n.  (Chem.)  An  intensely  poisonous  alkaloid,
   extracted from aconite.

                                   Aconitum

   Ac`o*ni"tum  (#),  n.  [L.  See  Aconite.] The poisonous herb aconite;
   also, an extract from it.

     Strong As aconitum or rash gunpowder. Shak.

                                    Acontia

   A*con"ti*a  (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Threadlike defensive
   organs,  composed  largely of nettling cells (cnid\'91), thrown out of
   the mouth or special pores of certain Actini\'91 when irritated.

                                   Acontias

   A*con"ti*as  (#),  n.  [NL.,  from  Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Anciently, a snake,
   called  dart  snake; now, one of a genus of reptiles closely allied to
   the lizards.

                                    Acopic

   A*cop"ic (#), a. [Gr. priv. + (Med.) Relieving weariness; restorative.

                                     Acorn

   A"corn (#), n. [AS. \'91cern, fr. \'91cer field, acre; akin to D. aker
   acorn,  Ger.  ecker,  Icel. akarn, Dan. agern, Goth. akran fruit, akrs
   field; -- orig. fruit of the field. See Acre.]

   1.  The  fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody cup or
   cupule.

   2.  (Naut.)  A  cone-shaped  piece of wood on the point of the spindle
   above the vane, on the mast-head.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) See Acorn-shell.

                                   Acorn cup

   A"corn cup (#). The involucre or cup in which the acorn is fixed.

                                    Acorned

   A"corned (#), a.

   1. Furnished or loaded with acorns.

   2. Fed or filled with acorns. [R.] Shak.

                                  Acorn-shell

   A"corn-shell`  (#),  n.  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of  the sessile cirripeds; a
   barnacle of the genus Balanus. See Barnacle.

                                   Acosmism

   A*cos"mism  (#),  n. [Gr. A denial of the existence of the universe as
   distinct from God.

                                   Acosmist

   A*cos"mist (#), n. [See Acosmism.] One who denies the existence of the
   universe, or of a universe as distinct from God. G. H. Lewes.

                                  Acotyledon

   A*cot`y*le"don  (#; 277), n. [Gr. Cotyledon.] (Bot.) A plant which has
   no cotyledons, as the dodder and all flowerless plants.

                                 Acotyledonous

   A*cot`y*led"on*ous  (#;  277), a. Having no seed lobes, as the dodder;
   also  applied  to  plants  which have no true seeds, as ferns, mosses,
   etc.

                                    Acouchy

   A*cou"chy   (#),  n.  [F.  acouchi,  from  the  native  name  Guiana.]
   (Zo\'94l.) A small species of agouti (Dasyprocta acouchy).

                                   Acoumeter

   A*cou"me*ter  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -meter.]  (Physics.)  An  instrument for
   measuring the acuteness of the sense of hearing. Itard.

                                   Acoumetry

   A*cou"me*try  (#),  n.  [Gr.  -metry.]  The  measuring of the power or
   extent of hearing.

                                   Acoustic

   A*cous"tic (#; 277), a. [F. acoustique, Gr. Pertaining to the sense of
   hearing,  the  organs  of hearing, or the science of sounds; auditory.
   Acoustic  duct,  the auditory duct, or external passage of the ear. --
   Acoustic  telegraph,  a telegraph making audible signals; a telephone.
   -- Acoustic vessels, brazen tubes or vessels, shaped like a bell, used
   in  ancient  theaters  to  propel  the  voices of the actors, so as to
   render them audible to a great distance.

                                   Acoustic

   A*cous"tic, n. A medicine or agent to assist hearing.

                                  Acoustical

   A*cous"tic*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to acoustics.

                                 Acoustically

   A*cous"tic*al*ly  (#),  adv.  In  relation  to  sound  or  to hearing.
   Tyndall.

                                  Acoustician

   Ac`ous*ti"cian (#), n. One versed in acoustics. Tyndall.

                                   Acoustics

   A*cous"tics  (#;  277),  n. [Names of sciences in -ics, as, acoustics,
   mathematics,  etc.,  are  usually  treated  as  singular.  See  -ics.]
   (Physics.)  The  science  of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena,
   and laws.

     Acoustics,  then,  or  the science of sound, is a very considerable
     branch of physics. Sir J. Herschel.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e sc ience is , by  so me wr iters, di vided, in to
     diacoustics,   which  explains  the  properties  of  sounds  coming
     directly  from the ear; and catacoustica, which treats of reflected
     sounds or echoes.

                                   Acquaint

   Ac*quaint"  (#),  a.  [OF.  acoint.  See  Acquaint, v. t.] Acquainted.
   [Obs.]

                                   Acquaint

   Ac*quaint",  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Acquainted;  p.  pr.  &  vb. n.
   Acquainting.]   [OE.   aqueinten,   acointen,   OF.   acointier,   LL.
   adcognitare, fr. L. ad + cognitus, p. p. of cognoscere to know; con- +
   noscere to know. See Quaint, Know.]

   1.  To  furnish  or  give  experimental knowledge of; to make (one) to
   know; to make familiar; -- followed by with.

     Before  a  man  can  speak  on  any  subject, it is necessary to be
     acquainted with it. Locke.

     A man of sorrows and acquainted with grief. Isa. liii. 3.

   2. To communicate notice to; to inform; to make cognizant; -- followed
   by  with  (formerly,  also,  by  of),  or  by  that,  introducing  the
   intelligence; as, to acquaint a friend with the particulars of an act.

     Acquaint her here of my son Paris' love. Shak.

     I  must  acquaint  you  that I have received New dated letters from
     Northumberland. Shak.

   3. To familiarize; to accustom. [Obs.] Evelyn.
   To be acquainted with, to be possessed of personal knowledge of; to be
   cognizant  of;  to  be  more  or less familiar with; to be on terms of
   social  intercourse  with.  Syn.  --  To inform; apprise; communicate;
   advise.

                                 Acquaintable

   Ac*quaint"a*ble  (#),  a.  [Cf. OF. acointable]. Easy to be acquainted
   with; affable. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

                                 Acquaintance

   Ac*quaint"ance   (#),   n.   [OE.  aqueintance,  OF.  acointance,  fr.
   acointier. See Acquaint.]

   1.  A  state  of being acquainted, or of having intimate, or more than
   slight   or  superficial,  knowledge;  personal  knowledge  gained  by
   intercourse  short  of  that of friendship or intimacy; as, I know the
   man; but have no acquaintance with him.

     Contract  no friendship, or even acquaintance, with a guileful man.
     Sir W. Jones.

   2. A person or persons with whom one is acquainted.

     Montgomery was an old acquaintance of Ferguson. Macaulay.

     NOTE: &hand; In  th is se nse th e collective term acquaintance was
     formerly both singular and plural, but it is now commonly singular,
     and has the regular plural acquaintances.

   To  be  of acquaintance, to be intimate. -- To take acquaintance of or
   with,  to  make  the  acquaintance  of.  [Obs.]  Syn.  -- Familiarity;
   intimacy;   fellowship;   knowledge.   --  Acquaintance,  Familiarity,
   Intimacy.  These  words  mark different degrees of closeness in social
   intercourse.  Acquaintance arises from occasional intercourse; as, our
   acquaintance  has  been  a  brief  one. We can speak of a slight or an
   intimate   acquaintance.   Familiarity  is  the  result  of  continued
   acquaintance. It springs from persons being frequently together, so as
   to  wear  off  all  restraint  and reserve; as, the familiarity of old
   companions. Intimacy is the result of close connection, and the freest
   interchange of thought; as, the intimacy of established friendship.

     Our admiration of a famous man lessens upon our nearer acquaintance
     with him. Addison.

     We  contract  at  last  such  a  familiarity  with them as makes it
     difficult and irksome for us to call off our minds. Atterbury.

     It is in our power to confine our friendships and intimacies to men
     of virtue. Rogers.

                               Acquaintanceship

   Ac*quaint"ance*ship,  n.  A  state  of being acquainted; acquaintance.
   Southey.

                                  Acquaintant

   Ac*quaint"ant (#), n. [Cf. F. acointant, p. pr.] An acquaintance. [R.]
   Swift.

                                  Acquainted

   Ac*quaint"ed,  a.  Personally  known;  familiar.  See To be acquainted
   with, under Acquaint, v. t.

                                Acquaintedness

   Ac*quaint"ed*ness,   n.   State   of   being   acquainted;  degree  of
   acquaintance. [R.] Boyle.

                                    Acquest

   Ac*quest"  (#),  n.  [OF.  aquest,  F.  acqu\'88t,  fr. LL. acquestum,
   acquis\'c6tum,  for  L.  acquis\'c6tum,  p. p. (used substantively) of
   acquirere to acquire. See Acquire.]

   1. Acquisition; the thing gained. [R.] Bacon.

   2.  (Law)  Property  acquired  by purchase, gift, or otherwise than by
   inheritance. Bouvier.

                                   Acquiesce

   Ac`qui*esce"  (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acquiesced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Acquiescing  (#)]  [L.  acquiescere;  ad  + quiescere to be quiet, fr.
   quies rest: cf. F. acquiescer. See Quiet.]

   1.  To  rest  satisfied,  or  apparently satisfied, or to rest without
   opposition  and  discontent  (usually  implying previous opposition or
   discontent); to accept or consent by silence or by omitting to object;
   -- followed by in, formerly also by with and to.

     They were compelled to acquiesce in a government which they did not
     regard as just. De Quincey.

   2.  To  concur  upon  conviction;  as,  to acquiesce in an opinion; to
   assent  to;  usually, to concur, not heartily but so far as to forbear
   opposition.  Syn. -- To submit; comply; yield; assent; agree; consent;
   accede; concur; conform; accept tacitly.

                                 Acquiescence

   Ac`qui*es"cence (#), n. [Cf. F. acquiescence.]

   1.  A  silent  or  passive  assent or submission, or a submission with
   apparent  content;  --  distinguished  from  avowed consent on the one
   hand,  and  on  the  other,  from opposition or open discontent; quiet
   satisfaction.

   2.  (Crim.  Law) (a) Submission to an injury by the party injured. (b)
   Tacit concurrence in the action of another. Wharton. p. 17

                                 Acquiescency

   Ac`qui*es"cen*cy   (#),   n.   The   quality   of  being  acquiescent;
   acquiescence.

                                  Acquiescent

   Ac`qui*es"cent  (#),  a. [L. acquiescens, -; p. pr.] Resting satisfied
   or   submissive;   disposed  tacitly  to  submit;  assentive;  as,  an
   acquiescent policy.

                                 Acquiescently

   Ac`qui*es"cent*ly, adv. In an acquiescent manner.

                                    Acquiet

   Ac*qui"et  (#),  v.  t. [LL. acquietare; L. ad + quies rest. See Quiet
   and cf. Acquit.] To quiet. [Obs.]

     Acquiet  his  mind from stirring you against your own peace. Sir A.
     Sherley.

                                 Acquirability

     Ac*quir"a*bil"i*ty   (#),  n.  The  quality  of  being  acquirable;
     attainableness. [R.] Paley.

                                  Acquirable

     Ac*quir"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being acquired.

                                    Acquire

     Ac*quire"  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Acquired (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
     Acquiring  (#).]  [L.  acquirere,  acquisitum; ad + quarere to seek
     for.  In OE. was a verb aqueren, fr. the same, through OF. aquerre.
     See  Quest..]  To  gain,  usually by one's own exertions; to get as
     one's  own;  as, to acquire a title, riches, knowledge, skill, good
     or bad habits.

     No virtue is acquired in an instant, but step by step. Barrow.

     Descent  is  the title whereby a man, on the death of his ancestor,
     acquires  his  estate,  by  right of representation, as his heir at
     law. Blackstone.

     Syn.  --  To  obtain; gain; attain; procure; win; earn; secure. See
     Obtain.

                                  Acquirement

     Ac*quire"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of  acquiring,  or that which is
     acquired;  attainment.  "Rules  for  the  acquirement  of a taste."
     Addison.

     His  acquirements  by  industry were . . . enriched and enlarged by
     many excellent endowments of nature. Hayward.

     Syn. -- Acquisition, Acquirement. Acquirement is used in opposition
     to  a natural gift or talent; as, eloquence, and skill in music and
     painting,  are  acquirements;  genius  is  the gift or endowment of
     nature.  It  denotes especially personal attainments, in opposition
     to  material  or  external  things  gained,  which are more usually
     called acquisitions; but this distinction is not always observed.

                                   Acquirer

     Ac*quir"er (#), n. A person who acquires.

                                    Acquiry

     Ac*quir"y (#), n. Acquirement. [Obs.] Barrow.

                                   Acquisite

     Ac"qui*site  (#),  a.  [L.  acquisitus,  p.  p.  of  acquirere. See
     Acquire.] Acquired. [Obs.] Burton.

                                  Acquisition

     Ac`qui*si"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  acquisitio,  fr.  acquirere:  cf. F.
     acquisition. See Acquire.]

     1. The act or process of acquiring.

     The acquisition or loss of a province. Macaulay.

     2.  The  thing  acquired  or  gained;  an  acquirement; a gain; as,
     learning is an acquisition. Syn. -- See Acquirement.

                                  Acquisitive

     Ac*quis"i*tive (#), a.

     1. Acquired. [Obs.]

     He died not in his acquisitive, but in his native soil. Wotton.

     2.  Able  or  disposed  to  make  acquisitions;  acquiring;  as, an
     acquisitive person or disposition.

                                 Acquisitively

     Ac*quis"i*tive*ly, adv. In the way of acquisition.

                                Acquisitiveness

     Ac*quis"i*tive*ness, n.

     1.   The  quality  of  being  acquisitive;  propensity  to  acquire
     property; desire of possession.

     2.  (Phren.)  The  faculty to which the phrenologists attribute the
     desire of acquiring and possessing. Combe.

                                  Acquisitor

     Ac*quis"i*tor (#), n. One who acquires.

                                    Acquist

     Ac*quist" (#), n. [Cf. Acquest.] Acquisition; gain. Milton.

                                    Acquit

     Ac*quit" (#), p. p. Acquitted; set free; rid of. [Archaic] Shak.

                                    Acquit

     Ac*quit",  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Acquitted;  p.  pr.  &  vb. n.
     Acquitting.] [OE. aquiten, OF. aquiter, F. acquitter; (L. ad) + OF.
     quiter, F. quitter, to quit. See Quit, and cf. Acquiet.]

     1.  To  discharge, as a claim or debt; to clear off; to pay off; to
     requite.

     A responsibility that can never be absolutely acquitted. I. Taylor.

     2. To pay for; to atone for. [Obs.] Shak.

     3.  To  set  free,  release  or discharge from an obligation, duty,
     liability, burden, or from an accusation or charge; -- now followed
     by  of  before the charge, formerly by from; as, the jury acquitted
     the prisoner; we acquit a man of evil intentions.

     4.  Reflexively:  (a) To clear one's self.k. (b) To bear or conduct
     one's  self;  to  perform  one's  part;  as,  the soldier acquitted
     himself  well  in battle; the orator acquitted himself very poorly.
     Syn.   --  To  absolve;  clear;  exonerate;  exonerate;  exculpate;
     release; discharge. See Absolve.

                                  Acquitment

     Ac*quit"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  OF.  aquitement.]  Acquittal.  [Obs.]
     Milton.

                                   Acquittal

     Ac*quit"tal (#), n.

     1.  The  act  of  acquitting;  discharge  from  debt or obligation;
     acquittance.

     2.  (Law)  A  setting  free,  or  deliverance from the charge of an
     offense, by verdict of a jury or sentence of a court. Bouvier.

                                  Acquittance

     Ac*quit"tance (#), n. [OF. aquitance, fr. aquiter. See Acquit.]

     1.  The  clearing off of debt or obligation; a release or discharge
     from debt or other liability.

     2.  A  writing which is evidence of a discharge; a receipt in full,
     which bars a further demand.

     You can produce acquittances For such a sum, from special officers.
     Shak.

                                  Acquittance

     Ac*quit"tance, v. t. To acquit. [Obs.] Shak.

                                   Acquitter

     Ac*quit"ter (#), n. One who acquits or releases.

                                    Acrania

     A*cra"ni*a (#), n. [NL., from Gr.

     1. (Physiol.) Partial or total absence of the skull.

     2.  pl.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  lowest group of Vertebrata, including the
     amphioxus, in which no skull exists.

                                   Acranial

     A*cra"ni*al (#), a. Wanting a skull.

                                Acrase, Acraze

     A*crase",  A*craze"  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  a-  +  crase;  or cf. F.
     \'82craser to crush. See Crase, Craze.]

     1. To craze. [Obs.] Grafton.

     2. To impair; to destroy. [Obs.] Hacket.

                                Acrasia, Acrasy

     A*cra"si*a   (#),   Ac"ra*sy   (#)   n.   [Gr.   akrasia.]  Excess;
     intemperance. [Obs. except in Med.] Farindon.

                                   Acraspeda

     A*cras"pe*da  (#),  n.  pl.  [NL.,  fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) A group of
     acalephs, including most of the larger jellyfishes; the Discophora.

                                     Acre

     A"cre  (#),  n.  [OE.  aker,  AS.  \'91cer; akin to OS. accar, OHG.
     achar,  Ger.  acker, Icel. akr, Sw. \'86ker, Dan. ager, Goth. akrs,
     L. ager, Gr. ajra. \'fb2, 206.]

     1. Any field of arable or pasture land. [Obs.]

     2.  A  piece  of  land, containing 160 square rods, or 4,840 square
     yards,  or  43,560  square  feet. This is the English statute acre.
     That  of  the  United States is the same. The Scotch acre was about
     1.26 of the English, and the Irish 1.62 of the English.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e acre was limited to its present definite quantity
     by statutes of Edward I., Edward III., and Henry VIII.

   Broad  acres,  many  acres,  much landed estate. [Rhetorical] -- God's
   acre, God's field; the churchyard.

     I  like  that  ancient Saxon phrase, which calls The burial ground,
     God's acre. Longfellow.

                                   Acreable

   A"cre*a*ble (#), a. Of an acre; per acre; as, the acreable produce.

                                    Acreage

   A"cre*age  (#),  n. Acres collectively; as, the acreage of a farm or a
   country.

                                     Acred

   A"cred  (#),  a.  Possessing  acres  or  landed  property;  -- used in
   composition; as, large-acred men.

                                     Acrid

   Ac"rid  (#), a. [L. acer sharp; prob. assimilated in form to acid. See
   Eager.]

   1.  Sharp  and  harsh,  or  bitter and not, to the taste; pungent; as,
   acrid salts.

   2. Causing heat and irritation; corrosive; as, acrid secretions.

   3.  Caustic;  bitter;  bitterly  irritating;  as,  acrid temper, mind,
   writing.
   Acrid  poison,  a poison which irritates, corrodes, or burns the parts
   to which it is applied.

                              Acridity, Acridness

   A*crid"i*ty  (#),  Ac"rid*ness  (#)  n.  The quality of being acrid or
   pungent;  irritant  bitterness; acrimony; as, the acridity of a plant,
   of a speech.

                                    Acridly

   Ac"rid*ly (#), adv. In an acid manner.

                                  Acrimonious

   Ac"ri*mo"ni*ous (#), a. [Cf. LL. acrimonious, F. acrimonieux.]

   1. Acrid; corrosive; as, acrimonious gall. [Archaic] Harvey.

   2.  Caustic;  bitter-tempered'  sarcastic;  as,  acrimonious  dispute,
   language, temper.

                                 Acrimoniously

   Ac`ri*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. In an acrimonious manner.

                                Acrimoniousness

   Ac`ri*mo"ni*ous*ness,  n.  The quality of being acrimonious; asperity;
   acrimony.

                                   Acrimony

   Ac"ri*mo*ny  (#),  n.;  pl.  Acrimonies  (#). [L. acrimonia, fr. acer,
   sharp: cf. F. acrimonie.]

   1.  A  quality  of  bodies  which corrodes or destroys others; also, a
   harsh  or  biting sharpness; as, the acrimony of the juices of certain
   plants. [Archaic] Bacon.

   2.  Sharpness  or  severity,  as  of  language  or  temper; irritating
   bitterness of disposition or manners.

     John  the Baptist set himself with much acrimony and indignation to
     baffle this senseless arrogant conceit of theirs. South.

   Syn.  --  Acrimony, Asperity, Harshness, Tartness. These words express
   different degrees of angry feeling or language. Asperity and harshness
   arise from angry feelings, connected with a disregard for the feelings
   of  others.  Harshness  usually  denotes needless severity or an undue
   measure  of  severity.  Acrimony  is a biting sharpness produced by an
   imbittered  spirit.  Tartness denotes slight asperity and implies some
   degree  of  intellectual  readiness.  Tartness  of reply; harshness of
   accusation; acrimony of invective.

     In  his  official  letters  he  expressed, with great acrimony, his
     contempt for the king's character. Macaulay.

     It  is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations where no
     benefit has been received. Johnson.

     A  just  reverence  of mankind prevents the growth of harshness and
     brutality. Shaftesbury.

                                Acrisia, Acrisy

   A*cris"i*a (#), Ac"ri*sy (#), n. [LL. acrisia, Gr.

   1. Inability to judge.

   2. (Med.) Undecided character of a disease. [Obs.]

                                    Acrita

   Ac"ri*ta  (#),  n.  pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The lowest groups of
   animals, in which no nervous system has been observed.

                                    Acritan

   Ac"ri*tan  (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Acrita. -- n. An
   individual of the Acrita.

                                    Acrite

   Ac"rite (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Acritan. Owen.

                                   Acritical

   A*crit"ic*al   (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Med.)  Having  no  crisis;  giving  no
   indications of a crisis; as, acritical symptoms, an acritical abscess.

                                Acritochromacy

   Ac`ri*to*chro"ma*cy (#), n. [Gr. Color blindness; achromatopsy.

                                   Acritude

   Ac"ri*tude  (#), n. [L. acritudo, from acer sharp.] Acridity; pungency
   joined with heat. [Obs.]

                                    Acrity

   Ac"ri*ty  (#),  n.  [L. acritas, fr. acer sharp: cf. F. \'83cret\'82.]
   Sharpness; keenness. [Obs.]

                           Acroamatic, Acroamatical

   Ac`ro*a*mat"ic   (#),  Ac`ro*a*mat"ic*al  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Communicated
   orally; oral; -- applied to the esoteric teachings of Aristotle, those
   intended  for  his genuine disciples, in distinction from his exoteric
   doctrines,  which  were  adapted to outsiders or the public generally.
   Hence: Abstruse; profound.

                                   Acroatic

   Ac`ro*at"ic (#), a. [Gr. Same as Acroamatic.

                                    Acrobat

   Ac"ro*bat  (#),  n.  [F.  acrobate,  fr.  Gr.  One  who practices rope
   dancing, high vaulting, or other daring gymnastic feats.

                                   Acrobatic

   Ac`ro*bat"ic  (#),  a. [Cf. F. acrobatique.] Pertaining to an acrobat.
   -- Ac`ro*bat"ic*al*ly, adv.

                                  Acrobatism

   Ac"ro*bat*ism  (#),  n.  Feats of the acrobat; daring gymnastic feats;
   high vaulting.

                                  Acrocarpous

   Ac`ro*car"pous   (#),   a.   [Gr.   (Bot.)   (a)   Having  a  terminal
   fructification;  having  the fruit at the end of the stalk. (b) Having
   the fruit stalks at the end of a leafy stem, as in certain mosses.

                                 Acrocephalic

   Ac`ro*ce*phal"ic  (#),  a.  [Gr.  Cephalic.]  Characterized  by a high
   skull.

                                  Acrocephaly

   Ac`ro*ceph"a*ly (#), n. Loftiness of skull.

                                 Acroceraunian

   Ac`ro*ce*rau"ni*an (#), a. [L. acroceraunius, fr. Gr. Of or pertaining
   to  the  high  mountain range of "thunder-smitten" peaks (now Kimara),
   between Epirus and Macedonia. Shelley.

                                 Acrodactylum

   Ac`ro*dac"tyl*um  (#),  n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The upper surface
   of the toes, individually.

                                   Acrodont

   Ac"ro*dont  (#),  n.  [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) One of a group of lizards having
   the  teeth immovably united to the top of the alveolar ridge. -- a. Of
   or pertaining to the acrodonts.

                                    Acrogen

   Ac"ro*gen (#), n. [Gr. -gen.]

                                    Acrogen

   Ac"ro*gen  (#),  n. [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.) A plant of the highest class of
   cryptograms,  including  the  ferns,  etc. See Cryptogamia. The Age of
   Acrogens (Geol.), the age of coal plants, or the carboniferous era.

                                  Acrogenous

   Ac*rog"e*nous  (#), a. (Bot.) Increasing by growth from the extremity;
   as, an acrogenous plant.

                                   Acrolein

   A*cro"le*in  (#),  n.  [L.  acer sharp + ol\'c7re to smell.] (Chem.) A
   limpid, colorless, highly volatile liquid, obtained by the dehydration
   of   glycerin,   or  the  destructive  distillation  of  neutral  fats
   containing glycerin. Its vapors are intensely irritating. Watts.

                                   Acrolith

   Ac"ro*lith  (#),  n.  [L.  acrolthus, Gr. with the ends made of stone;
   (Arch.  &  Sculp.)  A statue whose extremities are of stone, the trunk
   being generally of wood. Elmes.

                            Acrolithan, Acrolithic

   A*crol"i*than  (#),  Ac`ro*lith"ic  (#), a. Pertaining to, or like, an
   acrolith.

                                  Acromegaly

   Ac`ro*meg"a*ly  (#),  n.  [NL.  acromegalia,  fr.  Gr.  (Med.) Chronic
   enlargement of the extremities and face.

                                   Acromial

   A*cro"mi*al (#), a. [Cf. F. acromial.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
   acromion. Dunglison.

                                   Acromion

   A*cro"mi*on (#), n. [Gr. acromion.] (Anat.) The outer extremity of the
   shoulder blade.

                               Acromonogrammatic

   Ac`ro*mon`o*gram*mat"ic  (#), a. [Gr. Having each verse begin with the
   same letter as that with which the preceding verse ends.

                              Acronyc, Acronychal

   A*cron"yc  (#),  A*cron"ych*al (#), a. [Gr. (Astron.) Rising at sunset
   and setting at sunrise, as a star; -- opposed to cosmical.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e wo rd is sometimes incorrectly written acronical,
     achronychal, acronichal, and acronical.

                                  Acronycally

   A*cron"yc*al*ly,  adv. In an acronycal manner as rising at the setting
   of the sun, and vise vers\'83.

                                  Acronyctous

   Ac"ro*nyc"tous (#), a. [Gr. (Astron.) Acronycal.

                                    Acrook

   A*crook" (#), adv. Crookedly. [R.] Udall.

                                   Acropetal

   A*crop"e*tal  (#),  a.  [Gr.  petere  to seek.] (Bot.) Developing from
   below  towards the apex, or from the circumference towards the center;
   centripetal; -- said of certain inflorescence.

                                  Achrophony

   A*chroph"o*ny (#), n. [Gr. The use of a picture symbol of an object to
   represent phonetically the initial sound of the name of the object.

                                  Acropodium

   Ac`ro*po"di*um (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The entire upper surface of the
   foot.

                                   Acropolis

   A*crop"o*lis (#), n. [Gr. The upper part, or the citadel, of a Grecian
   city; especially, the citadel of Athens.

                                  Acropolitan

   Ac"ro*pol"i*tan (#), a. Pertaining to an acropolis.

                                   Acrospire

   Ac"ro*spire  (#),  n. [Gr. (Bot.) The sprout at the end of a seed when
   it  begins to germinate; the plumule in germination; -- so called from
   its spiral form.

                                   Acrospire

   Ac"ro*spire, v. i. To put forth the first sprout.

                                   Acrospore

   Ac"ro*spore  (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A spore borne at the extremity of the
   cells of fructification in fungi.

                                  Acrosporous

   Ac"ro*spor"ous (#), a. Having acrospores.

                                    Across

   A*cross"  (#;  115),  prep.  [Pref.  a-  + cross: cf. F. en croix. See
   Cross,  n.]  From  side to side; athwart; crosswise, or in a direction
   opposed  to  the length; quite over; as, a bridge laid across a river.
   Dryden. To come across, to come upon or meet incidentally. Freeman. --
   To  go  across  the  country, to go by a direct course across a region
   without following the roads.

                                    Across

   A*cross", adv.

   1. From side to side; crosswise; as, with arms folded across. Shak.

   2. Obliquely; athwart; amiss; awry. [Obs.]

     The squint-eyed Pharisees look across at all the actions of Christ.
     Bp. Hall.

                                   Acrostic

   A*cros"tic (#) (#), n. [Gr.

   1.  A  composition,  usually  in verse, in which the first or the last
   letters of the lines, or certain other letters, taken in order, form a
   name, word, phrase, or motto.

   2.  A Hebrew poem in which the lines or stanzas begin with the letters
   of the alphabet in regular order (as Psalm cxix.). See Abecedarian.
   Double acrostic, a species of enigma<-- crossword puzzle -->, in which
   words  are  to  be  guessed whose initial and final letters form other
   words.

                              Acrostic, Acrostial

   A*cros"tic  (#),  A*cros"ti*al (#), n. Pertaining to, or characterized
   by, acrostics.

                                 Acrostically

   A*cros"tic*al*ly, adv. After the manner of an acrostic.

                                  Acrotarsium

   Ac`ro*tar"si*um  (#), n. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The instep or front
   of the tarsus. <-- p. 18 -->

                                 Acroteleutic

   Ac`ro*te*leu"tic  (#),  n. [Gr. (Eccles.) The end of a verse or psalm,
   or  something  added  thereto,  to  be sung by the people, by way of a
   response.

                                    Acroter

   Ac"ro*ter  (#),  n.  [F. acrot\'8are. See Acroterium.] (Arch.) Same as
   Acroterium.

                                  Acroterial

   Ac`ro*te"ri*al  (#), a. Pertaining to an acroterium; as, ornaments. P.
   Cyc.

                                  Acroterium

   Ac`ro*te`ri*um  (#),  n.; pl. Acrotplwia (#). [L., fr. Gr. (Arch.) (a)
   One  of the small pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on
   the  apex  and  at  the basal angles of a pediment. Acroteria are also
   sometimes placed upon the gables in Gothic architecture. J. H. Parker.
   (b)  One  of  the pedestals, for vases or statues, forming a part roof
   balustrade.

                                    Acrotic

   A*crot"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Med.) Pertaining to or affecting the surface.

                                   Acrotism

   Ac"ro*tism (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Lack or defect of pulsation.

                                  Acrotomous

   A*crot"o*mous  (#), a. [Gr. (Min.) Having a cleavage parallel with the
   base.

                                    Acrylic

   A*cryl"ic  (#),  a.  (Chem.)  Of or containing acryl, the hypothetical
   radical of which acrolein is the hydride; as, acrylic acid.

                                      Act

   Act  (#),  n.  [L.  actus,  fr.  agere  to drive, do: cf. F. acte. See
   Agent.]

   1.  That which is done or doing; the exercise of power, or the effect,
   of which power exerted is the cause; a performance; a deed.

     That  best  portion  of  a  good  man's life, His little, nameless,
     unremembered acts Of kindness and of love. Wordsworth.

   Hence,  in  specific  uses: (a) The result of public deliberation; the
   decision  or  determination  of  a legislative body, council, court of
   justice,  etc.;  a decree, edit, law, judgment, resolve, award; as, an
   act  of  Parliament,  or  of  Congress.  (b)  A formal solemn writing,
   expressing  that something has been done. Abbott. (c) A performance of
   part  of  a play; one of the principal divisions of a play or dramatic
   work  in which a certain definite part of the action is completed. (d)
   A  thesis  maintained  in  public,  in some English universities, by a
   candidate for a degree, or to show the proficiency of a student.

   2. A state of reality or real existence as opposed to a possibility or
   possible existence. [Obs.]

     The  seeds  of  plants are not at first in act, but in possibility,
     what they afterward grow to be. Hooker.

   3.  Process  of doing; action. In act, in the very doing; on the point
   of (doing). "In act to shoot." Dryden.

     This woman was taken . . . in the very act. John viii. 4.

   Act  of attainder. (Law) See Attainder. -- Act of bankruptcy (Law), an
   act of a debtor which renders him liable to be adjudged a bankrupt. --
   Act  of  faith. (Ch. Hist.) See Auto-da-F\'82. -- Act of God (Law), an
   inevitable  accident;  such  extraordinary  interruption  of the usual
   course  of  events  as is not to be looked for in advance, and against
   which  ordinary  prudence  could  not  guard.  --  Act  of  grace,  an
   expression  often used to designate an act declaring pardon or amnesty
   to  numerous  offenders, as at the beginning of a new reign. -- Act of
   indemnity,  a  statute  passed  for  the  protection of those who have
   committed  some  illegal  act subjecting them to penalties. Abbott. --
   Act  in  pais,  a thing done out of court (anciently, in the country),
   and not a matter of record. Syn. -- See Action.
   
                                      Act
                                       
   Act, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acted; p. pr. & vb. n. Acting.] [L. actus, p.
   p. of agere to drive, lead, do; but influenced by E. act, n.] 

   1. To move to action; to actuate; to animate. [Obs.]

     Self-love, the spring of motion, acts the soul. Pope.

   2. To perform; to execute; to do. [Archaic]

     That  we act our temporal affairs with a desire no greater than our
     necessity. Jer. Taylor.

     Industry  doth  beget  by  producing  good  habits, and facility of
     acting things expedient for us to do. Barrow.

     Uplifted hands that at convenient times Could act extortion and the
     worst of crimes. Cowper.

   3. To perform, as an actor; to represent dramatically on the stage.

   4. To assume the office or character of; to play; to personate; as, to
   act the hero.

   5. To feign or counterfeit; to simulate.

     With acted fear the villain thus pursued. Dryden.

   To act a part, to sustain the part of one of the characters in a play;
   hence,  to  simulate; to dissemble. -- To act the part of, to take the
   character of; to fulfill the duties of.

                                      Act

   Act, v. i.

   1.  To  exert  power;  to produce an effect; as, the stomach acts upon
   food.

   2.  To  perform actions; to fulfill functions; to put forth energy; to
   move,  as  opposed  to  remaining  at  rest;  to  carry  into effect a
   determination of the will.

     He hangs between, in doubt to act or rest. Pope.

   3.  To  behave  or  conduct,  as  in morals, private duties, or public
   offices;  to  bear  or  deport  one's self; as, we know not why he has
   acted so.

   4. To perform on the stage; to represent a character.

     To show the world how Garrick did not act. Cowper.

   To  act  as  OR  for, to do the work of; to serve as. -- To act on, to
   regulate  one's  conduct  according  to.  -- To act up to, to equal in
   action;  to fulfill in practice; as, he has acted up to his engagement
   or his advantages.<-- to act up, to misbehave -->

                                    Actable

   Act"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being acted. Tennyson.

                                    Actinal

   Ac"ti*nal  (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the part of a radiate
   animal which contains the mouth. L. Agassiz.

                                   Actinaria

   Ac`ti*na"ri*a  (#),  n. pl. [NL., from Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A large division
   of  Anthozoa,  including  those which have simple tentacles and do not
   form  stony  corals.  Sometimes,  in a wider sense, applied to all the
   Anthozoa, expert the Alcyonaria, whether forming corals or not.

                                    Acting

   Act"ing (#), a.

   1. Operating in any way.

   2. Doing duty for another; officiating; as, an superintendent.

                                    Actinia

   Ac*tin"i*a (#), n.; pl. L. Actini\'91 (#), E. Actinias (#). [Latinized
   fr.  Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  An animal of the class Anthozoa, and family
   Actinid\'91. From a resemblance to flowers in form and color, they are
   often  called  animal  flowers  and  sea anemones. [See Polyp.]. (b) A
   genus in the family Actinid\'91.

                                    Actinic

   Ac*tin"ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to actinism; as, actinic rays.

                                  Actiniform

   Ac*tin"i*form  (#), a. [Gr. -form.] Having a radiated form, like a sea
   anemone.

                                   Actinism

   Ac"tin*ism  (#), n. [Gr. The property of radiant energy (found chiefly
   in solar or electric light) by which chemical changes are produced, as
   in photography.

                                   Actinium

   Ac*tin"i*um  (#), n. [Gr. (Chem.) A supposed metal, said by Phipson to
   be  contained  in commercial zinc; -- so called because certain of its
   compounds are darkened by exposure to light.

                               Actino-chemistry

   Ac`ti*no-chem"is*try  (#),  n. Chemistry in its relations to actinism.
   Draper.

                                  Actinograph

   Ac*tin"o*graph  (#),  n. [Gr. -graph.] An instrument for measuring and
   recording  the  variations in the actinic or chemical force of rays of
   light. Nichol.

                                   Actinoid

   Ac"tin*oid  (#),  a. [Gr. -oid.] Having the form of rays; radiated, as
   an actinia.

                                  Actinolite

   Ac*tin"o*lite  (#),  n.  [Gr. -lite.] (Min.) A bright green variety of
   amphibole occurring usually in fibrous or columnar masses.

                                  Actinolitic

   Ac`tin*o*lit"ic  (#),  a.  (Min.)  Of  the  nature  of, or containing,
   actinolite.

                                  Actinology

   Ac`ti*nol"o*gy  (#),  n. [Gr. -logy.] The science which treats of rays
   of light, especially of the actinic or chemical rays.

                                  Actinomere

   Ac*tin"o*mere  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  One  of the radial segments
   composing the body of one of the C\'d2lenterata.

                                  Actinometer

   Ac`ti*nom"e*ter  (#),  n. [Gr. -meter] (a) An instrument for measuring
   the  direct  heating  power  of  the sun's rays. (b) An instrument for
   measuring the actinic effect of rays of light.

                                 Actinometric

   Ac`ti*no*met"ric   (#),  a.  Pertaining  to  the  measurement  of  the
   intensity of the solar rays, either (a) heating, or (b) actinic.

                                  Actinometry

   Ac`ti*nom"e*try (#), n.

   1. The measurement of the force of solar radiation. Maury.

   2. The measurement of the chemical or actinic energy of light. Abney.

                                 Actinophorous

   Ac`ti*noph"o*rous (#), a. [Gr. Having straight projecting spines.

                                  Actinosome

   Ac*tin"o*some   (#),   n.   [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.)  The  entire  body  of  a
   c\'d2lenterate.

                                   Actinost

   Ac"tin*ost  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Anat.)  One of the bones at the base of a
   paired fin of a fish.

                                  Actinostome

   Ac*tin"o*stome  (#),  n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) The mouth or anterior opening
   of a c\'d2lenterate animal.

                                 Actinotrocha

   Ac`ti*not"ro*cha  (#),  n.  pl. [NL.; Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar larval
   form of Phoronis, a genus of marine worms, having a circle of ciliated
   tentacles.

                                   Actinozoa

   Ac"ti*no*zo"a  (#),  n. pl. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A group of C\'d2lenterata,
   comprising  the Anthozoa Ctenophora. The sea anemone, or actinia, is a
   familiar example.

                                  Actinozoal

   Ac`ti*no*zo"al (#), a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Actinozoa.

                                 Actinozo\'94n

   Ac"ti*no*zo"\'94n (#), n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Actinozoa.

                                   Actinula

   Ac*tin"u*la  (#),  n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of embryo of
   certain hydroids (Tubularia), having a stellate form.

                                    Action

   Ac"tion (#), n. [OF. action, L. actio, fr. agere to do. See Act.]

   1. A process or condition of acting or moving, as opposed to rest; the
   doing  of something; exertion of power or force, as when one body acts
   on  another;  the  effect  of  power  exerted  on one body by another;
   agency; activity; operation; as, the action of heat; a man of action.

     One wise in council, one in action brave. Pope.

   2. An act; a thing done; a deed; an enterprise. (pl.): Habitual deeds;
   hence, conduct; behavior; demeanor.

     The  Lord is a Good of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed. 1
     Sam. ii. 3.

   3.  The event or connected series of events, either real or imaginary,
   forming  the  subject  of  a  play,  poem,  or  other composition; the
   unfolding of the drama of events.

   4. Movement; as, the horse has a spirited action.

   5. (Mech.) Effective motion; also, mechanism; as, the breech action of
   a gun.

   6. (Physiol.) Any one of the active processes going on in an organism;
   the  performance  of  a  function;  as,  the  action of the heart, the
   muscles, or the gastric juice.

   7.  (Orat.)  Gesticulation; the external deportment of the speaker, or
   the  suiting of his attitude, voice, gestures, and countenance, to the
   subject, or to the feelings.

   8.  (Paint. & Sculp.) The attitude or position of the several parts of
   the body as expressive of the sentiment or passion depicted.

   9.  (Law)  (a) A suit or process, by which a demand is made of a right
   in a court of justice; in a broad sense, a judicial proceeding for the
   enforcement  or  protection of a right, the redress or prevention of a
   wrong,  or  the punishment of a public offense. (b) A right of action;
   as, the law gives an action for every claim.

   10. (Com.)A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock company, or in
   the  public  funds;  hence,  in  the  plural, equivalent to stocks. [A
   Gallicism] [Obs.]

     The Euripus of funds and actions. Burke.

   11.  An  engagement between troops in war, whether on land or water; a
   battle; a fight; as, a general action, a partial action.

   12.  (Music)  The mechanical contrivance by means of which the impulse
   of  the  player's finger is transmitted to the strings of a pianoforte
   or to the valve of an organ pipe. Grove.
   Chose in action. (Law) See Chose. -- Quantity of action (Physics), the
   product  of  the  mass of a body by the space it runs through, and its
   velocity.  Syn.  --  Action,  Act.  In  many  cases action and act are
   synonymous;  but  some  distinction is observable. Action involves the
   mode  or  process  of  acting, and is usually viewed as occupying some
   time  in doing. Act has more reference to the effect, or the operation
   as complete.

     To poke the fire is an act, to reconcile friends who have quarreled
     is a praiseworthy action. C. J. Smith.

                                  Actionable

   Ac"tion*a*ble  (#), a. [Cf. LL. actionabilis. See Action.] That may be
   the  subject of an action or suit at law; as, to call a man a thief is
   actionable.

                                  Actionably

   Ac"tion*a*bly, adv. In an actionable manner.

                             Actionary, Actionist

   Ac"tion*a*ry  (#),  Ac"tion*ist (#), n. [Cf. F. actionnaire.] (Com.) A
   shareholder in joint-stock company. [Obs.]

                                  Actionless

   Ac"tion*less, a. Void of action.

                                   Activate

   Ac"ti*vate (#), v. t. To make active. [Obs.]

                                    Active

   Ac"tive (#), a. [F. actif, L. activus, fr. agere to act.]

   1.   Having   the   power   or  quality  of  acting;  causing  change;
   communicating  action  or  motion; acting; -- opposed to passive, that
   receives; as, certain active principles; the powers of the mind.

   2.  Quick in physical movement; of an agile and vigorous body; nimble;
   as, an active child or animal.

     Active and nervous was his gait. Wordsworth.

   3.  In  action;  actually proceeding; working; in force; -- opposed to
   quiescent,  dormant,  or extinct; as, active laws; active hostilities;
   an active volcano.

   4. Given to action; constantly engaged in action; energetic; diligent;
   busy;  -- opposed to dull, sluggish, indolent, or inert; as, an active
   man of business; active mind; active zeal.

   5.  Requiring  or implying action or exertion; -- opposed to sedentary
   or to tranquil; as, active employment or service; active scenes.

   6. Given to action rather than contemplation; practical; operative; --
   opposed  to  speculative  or  theoretical; as, an active rather than a
   speculative statesman.

   7. Brisk; lively; as, an active demand for corn.

   8.  Implying  or  producing  rapid  action;  as, an active disease; an
   active remedy.

   9.  (Gram.)  (a) Applied to a form of the verb; -- opposed to passive.
   See  Active voice, under Voice. (b) Applied to verbs which assert that
   the  subject  acts  upon  or  affects  something else; transitive. (c)
   Applied  to  all  verbs  that  express  action  as  distinct from mere
   existence or state.
   Active  capital, Active wealth, money, or property that may readily be
   converted  into  money. Syn. -- Agile; alert; brisk; vigorous; nimble;
   lively; quick; sprightly; prompt; energetic.

                                   Actively

   Ac"tive*ly, adv.

   1. In an active manner; nimbly; briskly; energetically; also, by one's
   own action; voluntarily, not passively.

   2. (Gram.) In an active signification; as, a word used actively.

                                  Activeness

   Ac"tive*ness, n. The quality of being active; nimbleness; quickness of
   motion; activity.

                                   Activity

   Ac*tiv"i*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Activities  (#). [Cf. F. activit\'82, LL.
   activitas.] The state or quality of being active; nimbleness; agility;
   vigorous  action or operation; energy; active force; as, an increasing
   variety  of human activities. "The activity of toil." Palfrey. Syn. --
   Liveliness; briskness; quickness.

                                    Actless

   Act"less (#), a. Without action or spirit. [R.]

                                     Acton

   Ac"ton  (#),  n. [OF. aketon, auqueton, F. hoqueton, a quilted jacket,
   fr.  Sp.  alcoton, algodon, cotton. Cf. Cotton.] A stuffed jacket worn
   under  the  mail,  or (later) a jacket plated with mail. [Spelled also
   hacqueton.] [Obs.] Halliwell. Sir W. Scott.

                                     Actor

   Ac"tor (#), n. [L. actor, fr. agere to act.]

   1. One who acts, or takes part in any affair; a doer.

   2. A theatrical performer; a stageplayer.

     After a well graced actor leaves the stage. Shak.

   3. (Law) (a) An advocate or proctor in civil courts or causes. Jacobs.
   (b) One who institutes a suit; plaintiff or complainant.

                                    Actress

   Ac`tress (#), n. [Cf. F. actrice.]

   1. A female actor or doer. [Obs.] Cockeram.

   2. A female stageplayer; a woman who acts a part.

                                    Actual

   Ac"tu*al  (#;  135), a. [OE. actuel, F. actuel, L. actualis, fr. agere
   to do, act.]

   1. Involving or comprising action; active. [Obs.]

     Her walking and other actual performances. Shak.

     Let  your  holy  and  pious intention be actual; that is . . . by a
     special prayer or action, . . . given to God. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  Existing in act or reality; really acted or acting; in fact; real;
   --  opposed  to potential, possible, virtual, speculative, coceivable,
   theoretical, or nominal; as, the actual cost of goods; the actual case
   under discussion.

   3.  In  action  at the time being; now exiting; present; as the actual
   situation of the country.
   Actual  cautery.  See under Cautery. -- Actual sin (Theol.), that kind
   of  sin  which  is done by ourselves in contradistinction to "original
   sin."  Syn.  --  Real; genuine; positive; certain. See Real. <-- p. 19
   -->
   
                                    Actual
                                       
   Ac"tu*al  (#),  n.  (Finance)  Something  actually  received; real, as
   distinct from estimated, receipts. [Cant] 

     The  accounts  of  revenues  supplied . . . were not real receipts:
     not,  in  financial  language,  "actuals," but only Egyptian budget
     estimates. Fortnightly Review.

                                   Actualist

   Ac"tu*al*ist,  n.  One  who  deals with or considers actually existing
   facts  and  conditions, rather than fancies or theories; -- opposed to
   idealist. J. Grote.

                                   Actuality

   Ac`tu*al"i*ty (#), n.; pl. Actualities (#). The state of being actual;
   reality; as, the actuality of God's nature. South.

                                 Actualization

   Ac`tu*al*i*za"tion  (#),  n.  A making actual or really existent. [R.]
   Emerson.

                                   Actualize

   Ac"tu*al*ize  (#),  v.  t.  To make actual; to realize in action. [R.]
   Coleridge.

                                   Actually

   Ac"tu*al*ly, adv.

   1. Actively. [Obs.] "Neither actually . . . nor passively." Fuller.

   2. In act or in fact; really; in truth; positively.

                                  Actualness

   Ac"tu*al*ness, n. Quality of being actual; actuality.

                                   Actuarial

   Ac`tu*a"ri*al (#), a. Of or pertaining to actuaries; as, the actuarial
   value of an annuity.

                                    Actuary

   Ac"tu*a*ry  (#),  n.; pl. Actuaries (#). [L. actuarius copyist, clerk,
   fr. actus, p. p. of agere to do, act.]

   1.  (Law)  A  registar or clerk; -- used originally in courts of civil
   law  jurisdiction,  but  in  Europe  used  for  a  clerk  or  registar
   generally.

   2.   The  computing  official  of  an  insurance  company;  one  whose
   profession  it  is  to calculate for insurance companies the risks and
   premiums for life, fire, and other insurances.

                                    Actuate

   Ac"tu*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Actuated (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Actuating (#).] [LL. actuatus, p. p. of actuare, fr. L. actus act.]

   1.  To  put  into  action  or  motion; to move or incite to action; to
   influence  actively;  to  move as motives do; -- more commonly used of
   persons.

     Wings,  which  others  were  contriving to actuate by the perpetual
     motion. Johnson.

     Men of the greatest abilities are most fired with ambition; and, on
     the  contrary,  mean and narrow minds are the least actuated by it.
     Addison.

   2.  To  carry out in practice; to perform. [Obs.] "To actuate what you
   command."  Jer.  Taylor.  Syn.  --  To  move;  impel;  incite;  rouse;
   instigate; animate.

                                    Actuate

   Ac"tu*ate  (#),  a.  [LL.  actuatus, p. p. of actuare.] Put in action;
   actuated. [Obs.] South.

                                   Actuation

   Ac`tu*a"tion  (#),  n.  [Cf.  LL.  actuatio.]  A bringing into action;
   movement. Bp. Pearson.

                                   Actuator

   Ac"tu*a`tor  (#),  n.  One  who  actuates,  or  puts into action. [R.]
   Melville.

                                    Actuose

   Ac"tu*ose` (#), a. [L. actuosus.] Very active. [Obs.]

                                   Actuosity

   Ac`tu*os"i*ty (#), n. Abundant activity. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                    Acture

   Ac"ture (#), n. Action. [Obs.] Shak.

                                  Acturience

   Ac*tu"ri*ence  (#), n. [A desid. of L. agere, actum, to act.] Tendency
   or impulse to act. [R.]

     Acturience, or desire of action, in one form or another, whether as
     restlessness,   ennui,   dissatisfaction,  or  the  imagination  of
     something desirable. J. Grote.

                                    Acuate

   Ac"u*ate  (#), v. t. [L. acus needle.] To sharpen; to make pungent; to
   quicken. [Obs.] "[To] acuate the blood." Harvey.

                                    Acuate

   Ac"u*ate (#), a. Sharpened; sharp-pointed.

                                   Acuation

   Ac`u*a"tion (#), n. Act of sharpening. [R.]

                                   Acuition

   Ac`u*i"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  acutus,  as if acuitus, p. p. of acuere to
   sharpen.] The act of sharpening. [Obs.]

                                    Acuity

   A*cu"i*ty  (#),  n.  [LL.  acuitas:  cf.  F.  acuit\'82.] Sharpness or
   acuteness, as of a needle, wit, etc.

                                   Aculeate

   A*cu"le*ate (#), a. [L. aculeatus, fr. aculeus, dim. of acus needle.]

   1.  (Zo\'94l.)  Having  a  sting;  covered with prickles; sharp like a
   prickle.

   2. (Bot.) Having prickles, or sharp points; beset with prickles.

   3. Severe or stinging; incisive. [R.] Bacon.

                                   Aculeated

   A*cu"le*a`ted  (#),  a.  Having  a  sharp  point; armed with prickles;
   prickly; aculeate.

                                  Aculeiform

   A*cu"le*i*form (#), a. Like a prickle.

                                  Aculeolate

   A*cu"le*o*late  (#),  a.  [L.  aculeolus little needle.] (Bot.) Having
   small prickles or sharp points. Gray.

                                   Aculeous

   A*cu"le*ous (#), a. Aculeate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                    Aculeus

   A*cu"le*us (#), n.; pl. Aculei (#). [L., dim. of acus needle.]

   1.  (Bot.)  A  prickle  growing  on  the bark, as in some brambles and
   roses. Lindley.

   2. (Zo\'94l.) A sting.

                                    Acumen

   A*cu"men  (#),  n.  [L.  acumen,  fr.  acuere  to sharpen. Cf. Acute.]
   Quickness  of  perception  or  discernment;  penetration  of mind; the
   faculty  of  nice discrimination. Selden. Syn. -- Sharpness; sagacity;
   keenness; shrewdness; acuteness.

                                   Acuminate

   A*cu"mi*nate  (#),  a.  [L. acuminatus, p. p. of acuminare to sharpen,
   fr.  acumen.  See Acumen.] Tapering to a point; pointed; as, acuminate
   leaves, teeth, etc.

                                   Acuminate

   A*cu"mi*nate  (#),  v.  t. To render sharp or keen. [R.] "To acuminate
   even despair." Cowper.

                                   Acuminate

   A*cu"mi*nate, v. i. To end in, or come to, a sharp point. "Acuminating
   in a cone of prelacy." Milton.

                                  Acumination

   A*cu`mi*na"tion  (#), n. A sharpening; termination in a sharp point; a
   tapering point. Bp. Pearson.

                                   Acuminose

   A*cu"mi*nose` (#), a. Terminating in a flat, narrow end. Lindley.

                                   Acuminous

   A*cu"mi*nous (#), a. Characterized by acumen; keen. Highmore.

                                  Acupressure

   Ac`u*pres"sure  (#), n. [L. acus needle + premere, pressum, to press.]
   (Surg.)  A  mode  of  arresting  hemorrhage  resulting  from wounds or
   surgical operations, by passing under the divided vessel a needle, the
   ends  of  which  are left exposed externally on the cutaneous surface.
   Simpson.

                                Acupuncturation

   Ac`u*punc`tu*ra"tion (#), n. See Acupuncture.

                                  Acupuncture

   Ac`u*punc"ture  (#),  n.  [L.  acus  needle + punctura a pricking, fr.
   pungere  to  prick:  cf.  F.  acuponcture.]  Pricking with a needle; a
   needle  prick.  Specifically (Med.): The insertion of needles into the
   living tissues for remedial purposes.

                                  Acupuncture

   Ac`u*punc"ture (#), v. t. To treat with acupuncture.

                                 Acustumaunce

   A*cus"tum*aunce (#), n. See Accustomance. [Obs.]

                                  Acutangular

   A*cut"an`gu*lar (#), a. Acute-angled.

                                     Acute

   A*cute"  (#), a. [L. acutus, p. p. of acuere to sharpen, fr. a root ak
   to be sharp. Cf. Ague, Cute, Edge.]

   1.  Sharp  at the end; ending in a sharp point; pointed; -- opposed to
   blunt or obtuse; as, an acute angle; an acute leaf.

   2.  Having  nice discernment; perceiving or using minute distinctions;
   penetrating;  clever;  shrewd;  --  opposed  to dull or stupid; as, an
   acute observer; acute remarks, or reasoning.

   3.   Having   nice   or   quick  sensibility;  susceptible  to  slight
   impressions;  acting keenly on the senses; sharp; keen; intense; as, a
   man of acute eyesight, hearing, or feeling; acute pain or pleasure.

   4.  High,  or  shrill,  in  respect to some other sound; -- opposed to
   grave or low; as, an acute tone or accent.

   5.  (Med.)  Attended  with  symptoms  of  some degree of severity, and
   coming  speedily  to  a  crisis;  --  opposed to chronic; as, an acute
   disease.
   Acute  angle  (Geom.),  an  angle  less  than  a  right angle. Syn. --
   Subtile; ingenious; sharp; keen; penetrating; sagacious; sharp-witted;
   shrewd; discerning; discriminating. See Subtile.

                                     Acute

   A*cute",  v.  t.  To  give an acute sound to; as, he acutes his rising
   inflection too much. [R.] Walker.

                                  Acuteangled

   A*cute"*an`gled  (#),  a.  Having  acute  angles;  as, an acute-angled
   triangle,  a  triangle  with every one of its angles less than a right
   angle.

                                    Acutely

   A*cute"ly,  adv.  In  an  acute  manner;  sharply;  keenly;  with nice
   discrimination.

                                   Acuteness

   A*cute"ness, n.

   1. The quality of being acute or pointed; sharpness; as, the acuteness
   of an angle.

   2.  The  faculty  of nice discernment or perception; acumen; keenness;
   sharpness;   sensitiveness;   --   applied   to  the  senses,  or  the
   understanding.  By  acuteness of feeling, we perceive small objects or
   slight  impressions:  by  acuteness  of  intellect,  we  discern  nice
   distinctions.

     Perhaps,  also,  he  felt  his professional acuteness interested in
     bringing it to a successful close. Sir W. Scott.

   3. Shrillness; high pitch; -- said of sounds.

   4. (Med.) Violence of a disease, which brings it speedily to a crisis.
   Syn.   --  Penetration;  sagacity;  keenness;  ingenuity;  shrewdness;
   subtlety; sharp-wittedness.

                                 Acutifoliate

   A*cu`ti*fo"li*ate  (#),  a.  [L.  acutus  sharp + folium leaf.] (Bot.)
   Having sharp-pointed leaves.

                                  Acutilobate

   A*cu`ti*lo"bate  (#),  a.  [L.  acutus sharp + E. lobe.] (Bot.) Having
   acute lobes, as some leaves.

                                      Ad-

   Ad- (#). [A Latin preposition, signifying to. See At.] As a prefix ad-
   assumes  the  forms  ac-,  af-,  ag-,  al-,  an-,  ap-, ar-, as-, at-,
   assimilating  the  d with the first letter of the word to which ad- is
   prefixed.  It  remains unchanged before vowels, and before d, h, j, m,
   v.  Examples: adduce, adhere, adjacent, admit, advent, accord, affect,
   aggregate, allude, annex, appear, etc. It becomes ac- before qu, as in
   acquiesce.

                                     Adact

   Ad*act"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adactus,  p. p. of adigere.] To compel; to
   drive. [Obs.] Fotherby.

                              Adactyl, Adactylous

   A*dac"tyl  (#),  A*dac"tyl*ous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Zo\'94l.) (a) Without
   fingers or without toes. (b) Without claws on the feet (of crustaceous
   animals).

                                     Adage

   Ad"age  (#),  n.  [F. adage, fr. L. adagium; ad + the root of L. aio I
   say.] An old saying, which has obtained credit by long use; a proverb.

     Letting  "I dare not" wait upon "I would," Like the poor cat i' the
     adage. Shak.

   Syn.  --  Axiom;  maxim; aphorism; proverb; saying; saw; apothegm. See
   Axiom.

                                    Adagial

   A*da"gi*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to  an  adage;  proverbial. "Adagial
   verse." Barrow.

                                    Adagio

   A*da"gio (#), a. & adv. [It. adagio; ad (L. ad) at + agio convenience,
   leisure,   ease.  See  Agio.]  (Mus.)  Slow;  slowly,  leisurely,  and
   gracefully.  When repeated, adagio, adagio, it directs the movement to
   be very slow.

                                    Adagio

   A*da"gio,  n. A piece of music in adagio time; a slow movement; as, an
   adagio of Haydn.

                                     Adam

   Ad"am (#), n.

   1. The name given in the Bible to the first man, the progenitor of the
   human race.

   2. (As a symbol) "Original sin;" human frailty.

     And whipped the offending Adam out of him. Shak.

   Adam's ale, water. [Coll.] -- Adam's apple.

   1.  (Bot.)  (a)  A  species of banana (Musa paradisiaca). It attains a
   height  of twenty feet or more. Paxton]. (b) A species of lime (Citris
   limetta).

   2.  The  projection formed by the thyroid cartilage in the neck. It is
   particularly  prominent  in males, and is so called from a notion that
   it was caused by the forbidden fruit (an apple) sticking in the throat
   of our first parent. --
   Adam's  flannel  (Bot.),  the  mullein  (Verbascum thapsus). -- Adam's
   needle  (Bot.),  the  popular  name  of  a genus (Yucca) of liliaceous
   plants.

                                    Adamant

   Ad"a*mant  (#),  n.  [OE.  adamaunt,  adamant,  diamond,  magnet,  OF.
   adamant,  L.  adamas, adamantis, the hardest metal, fr. Gr. adamare to
   love,  be  attached  to, the word meant also magnet, as in OF. and LL.
   See Diamond, Tame.]

   1.  A  stone  imagined  by some to be of impenetrable hardness; a name
   given  to  the diamond and other substance of extreme hardness; but in
   modern  minerology  it  has  no  technical  signification. It is now a
   rhetorical  or  poetical  name  for  the  embodiment  of  impenetrable
   hardness.

     Opposed the rocky orb Of tenfold adamant, his ample shield. Milton.

   2. Lodestone; magnet. [Obs.] "A great adamant of acquaintance." Bacon.

     As true to thee as steel to adamant. Greene.

                                  Adamantean

   Ad`a*man*te"an  (#),  a.  [L.  adamant\'c7us.]  Of  adamant;  hard  as
   adamant. Milton.

                                  Adamantine

   Ad`a*man"tine (#), a. [L. adamantinus, Gr.

   1.  Made  of adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of
   being  broken,  dissolved,  or  penetrated;  as,  adamantine  bonds or
   chains.

   2. (Min.) Like the diamond in hardness or luster.

                                 Adambulacral

   Ad`am*bu*la"cral  (#),  a. [L. ad + E. ambulacral.] (Zo\'94l.) Next to
   the ambulacra; as, the adambulacral ossicles of the starfish.

                               Adamic, Adamical

   A*dam"ic  (#),  A*dam"ic*al  (#),  a.  Of  or  pertaining  to Adam, or
   resembling  him. Adamic earth, a name given to common red clay, from a
   notion that Adam means red earth.
   
                                    Adamite
                                       
   Ad"am*ite (#), n. [From Adam.]
   
   1. A descendant of Adam; a human being.
   
   2.  (Eccl.  Hist.)  One  of  a sect of visionaries, who, professing to
   imitate  the  state  of  Adam,  discarded  the  use  of dress in their
   assemblies.
   
                                 Adam's apple

   Ad"am's ap"ple (#). See under Adam.

                                    Adance

   A*dance" (#), adv. Dancing. Lowell.

                                    Adangle

   A*dan"gle (#), adv. Dangling. Browning.

                                   Adansonia

   Ad`an*so"ni*a  (#),  n.  [From  Adanson,  a French botanist.] (Bot.) A
   genus  of great trees related to the Bombax. There are two species, A.
   digitata,  the  baobab  or  monkey-bread  of  Africa and India, and A.
   Gregorii,  the  sour  gourd or cream-of-tartar tree of Australia. Both
   have  a  trunk  of  moderate  height,  but of enormous diameter, and a
   wide-spreading  head.  The fruit is oblong, and filled with pleasantly
   acid  pulp. The wood is very soft, and the bark is used by the natives
   for making ropes and cloth. D. C. Eaton.

                                     Adapt

   A*dapt" (#), a. Fitted; suited. [Obs.] Swift.

                                     Adapt

   A*dapt",  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Adapted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adapting.] [L.
   adaptare; ad + aptare to fit; cf. F. adapter. See Apt, Adept.] To make
   suitable;  to fit, or suit; to adjust; to alter so as to fit for a new
   use; -- sometimes followed by to or for.

     For  nature,  always  in the right, To your decays adapts my sight.
     Swift.

     Appeals adapted to his [man's] whole nature. Angus.

     Streets ill adapted for the residence of wealthy persons. Macaulay.

                          Adaptability, Adaptableness

   A*dapt`a*bil"i*ty  (#), A*dapt"a*ble*ness (#), n. The quality of being
   adaptable;  suitableness.  "General  adaptability  for every purpose."
   Farrar.

                                   Adaptable

   A*dapt"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being adapted.

                                  Adaptation

   Ad`ap*ta"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. adaptation, LL. adaptatio.]

   1.  The  act or process of adapting, or fitting; or the state of being
   adapted  or  fitted;  fitness.  "Adaptation  of the means to the end."
   Erskine.

   2. The result of adapting; an adapted form.

                                  Adaptative

   A*dapt"a*tive (#), a. Adaptive. Stubbs.

                                  Adaptedness

   A*dapt"ed*ness  (#),  n.  The  state  or  quality  of  being  adapted;
   suitableness; special fitness.

                                    Adapter

   A*dapt"er (#), n.

   1. One who adapts.

   2. (Chem.) A connecting tube; an adopter. <-- 2. any device connecting
   two  parts  of  an  apparatus  (e.g.  tubes of different diameters, or
   electric  cords  with  different  plug  types);  a  device allowing an
   apparatus to be used for purposes other than originally intended -->

                                   Adaption

   A*dap"tion (#), n. Adaptation. Cheyne.

                                   Adaptive

   A*dapt"ive   (#),   a.  Suited,  given,  or  tending,  to  adaptation;
   characterized  by  adaptation;  capable  of  adapting.  Coleridge.  --
   A*dapt"ive*ly, adv.

                                 Adaptiveness

   A*dapt"ive*ness, n. The quality of being adaptive; capacity to adapt.

                                    Adaptly

   A*dapt"ly, adv. In a suitable manner. [R.] Prior.

                                   Adaptness

   A*dapt"ness, n. Adaptedness. [R.]

                                  Adaptorial

   Ad`ap*to"ri*al (#), a. Adaptive. [R.]

                                     Adar

   A"dar  (#),  n.  [Heb.  ad\'84r.]  The  twelfth  month  of  the Hebrew
   ecclesiastical  year,  and  the  sixth  of  the civil. It corresponded
   nearly with March.

                                    Adarce

   A*dar"ce (#), n. [L. adarce, adarca, Gr. A saltish concretion on reeds
   and grass in marshy grounds in Galatia. It is soft and porous, and was
   formerly  used  for  cleansing the skin from freckles and tetters, and
   also in leprosy. Dana.

                                    Adatis

   Ad"a*tis (#), n. A fine cotton cloth of India.

                                    Adaunt

   A*daunt"  (#), v. t. [OE. adaunten to overpower, OF. adonter; \'85 (L.
   ad)  +  donter,  F.  dompter.  See  Daunt.]  To  daunt;  to subdue; to
   mitigate. [Obs.] Skelton.

                                     Adaw

   A*daw"  (#),  v. t. [Cf. OE. adawe of dawe, AS. of dagum from days, i.
   e., from life, out of life.] To subdue; to daunt. [Obs.]

     The sight whereof did greatly him adaw. Spenser.

                                     Adaw

   A*daw",  v. t. & i. [OE. adawen to wake; pref. a- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger.
   er-) + dawen, dagon, to dawn. See Daw.] To awaken; to arouse. [Obs.]

     A  man that waketh of his sleep He may not suddenly well taken keep
     Upon  a  thing,  ne seen it parfitly Till that he be adawed verily.
     Chaucer.

                                     Adays

   A*days"  (#),  adv.  [Pref. a- (for on) + day; the final s was orig. a
   genitive ending, afterwards forming adverbs.] By day, or every day; in
   the daytime. [Obs.] Fielding.

                                 Ad captandum

   Ad  cap*tan"dum  (#).  [L.,  for  catching.] A phrase used adjectively
   sometimes of meretricious attempts to catch or win popular favor.

                                      Add

   Add  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Added; p. pr. & vb. n. Adding.] [L.
   addere; ad + dare to give, put. Cf. Date, Do.]

   1.  To  give  by  way  of increased possession (to any one); to bestow
   (on).

     The Lord shall add to me another son. Gen. xxx. 24.
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   Page 20

   2.  To  join  or  unite,  as  one  thing  to  another,  or  as several
   particulars,  so  as  to  increase  the  number, augment the quantity,
   enlarge  the magnitude, or so as to form into one aggregate. Hence: To
   sum  up;  to  put  together  mentally; as, to add numbers; to add up a
   column.

     Back to thy punishment, False fugitive, and to thy speed add wings.
     Milton.

     As  easily  as  he  can  add  together the ideas of two days or two
     years. Locke.

   3. To append, as a statement; to say further.

     He added that he would willingly consent to the entire abolition of
     the tax. Macaulay.

   Syn.  --  To  Add,  Join,  Annex,  Unite, Coalesce. We add by bringing
   things together so as to form a whole. We join by putting one thing to
   another  in  close or continuos connection. We annex by attaching some
   adjunct to a larger body. We unite by bringing things together so that
   their  parts adhere or intermingle. Things coalesce by coming together
   or mingling so as to form one organization. To add quantities; to join
   houses;  to  annex  territory;  to  unite  kingdoms;  to  make parties
   coalesce.

                                      Add

   Add (#), v. i.

   1.  To  make  an  addition. To add to, to augment; to increase; as, it
   adds to our anxiety. "I will add to your yoke." 1 Kings xii. 14.

   2.  To  perform  the  arithmetical  operation of addition; as, he adds
   rapidly.

                                    Addable

   Add"a*ble (#), a. [Add, v. + -able.] Addible.

                                     Addax

   Ad"dax  (#),  n.  [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the largest African
   antelopes (Hippotragus, OR Oryx, nasomaculatus).

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  no w be lieved to be the Strepsiceros (twisted
     horn)  of  the  ancients. By some it is thought to be the pygarg of
     the Bible.

                                    Addeem

   Ad*deem"  (#),  v.  t. [Pref. a- + deem.] To award; to adjudge. [Obs.]
   "Unto him they did addeem the prise." Spenser.

                                   Addendum

   Ad*den"dum  (#), n.; pl. Addenda (#). [L., fr. addere to add.] A thing
   to  be  added;  an  appendix or addition. Addendum circle (Mech.), the
   circle  which  may  be  described around a circular spur wheel or gear
   wheel, touching the crests or tips of the teeth. Rankine.

                                     Adder

   Add"er  (#),  n.  [See  Add.]  One  who,  or that which, adds; esp., a
   machine for adding numbers.

                                     Adder

   Ad"der,  n.  [OE.  addere, naddere, eddre, AS. n\'91dre, adder, snake;
   akin to OS. nadra, OHG. natra, natara, Ger. natter, Goth. nadrs, Icel.
   na\'ebr,  masc.,  na\'ebra,  fem.:  cf.  W.  neidr,  Gorn. naddyr, Ir.
   nathair, L. natrix, water snake. An adder is for a nadder.]

   1. A serpent. [Obs.] "The eddre seide to the woman." Wyclif. Gen. iii.
   4. )

   2.  (Zo\'94l.)  (a)  A small venomous serpent of the genus Vipera. The
   common European adder is the Vipera (or Pelias) berus. The puff adders
   of  Africa are species of Clotho. (b) In America, the term is commonly
   applied  to several harmless snakes, as the milk adder, puffing adder,
   etc. (c) Same as Sea Adder.

     NOTE: &hand; In  the sculptures the appellation is given to several
     venomous serpents, -- sometimes to the horned viper (Cerastles).

                                  Adder fly/

   Ad"der fly/ (#). A dragon fly.

                                Adder's-tongue

   Ad"der's-tongue`  (#),  n. (Bot.) (a) A genus of ferns (Ophioglossum),
   whose seeds are produced on a spike resembling a serpent's tongue. (b)
   The yellow dogtooth violet. Gray.

                                   Adderwort

   Ad"der*wort` (#), n. (Bot.) The common bistort or snakeweed (Polygonum
   bistorta).

                                  Addibility

   Add`i*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  The quantity of being addible; capability of
   addition. Locke.

                                    Addible

   Add"i*ble (#), a. Capable of being added. "Addible numbers." Locke.

                                    Addice

   Ad"dice (#), n. See Adze. [Obs.] Moxon.

                                    Addict

   Ad*dict" (#), p. p. Addicted; devoted. [Obs.]

                                    Addict

   Ad*dict",  v.  t.  [imp. & p. p. Addicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Addicting.]
   [L.  addictus,  p.  p.  of addicere to adjudge, devote; ad + dicere to
   say. See Diction.]

   1.  To  apply  habitually;  to devote; to habituate; -- with to. "They
   addict themselves to the civil law." Evelyn.

     He is addicted to his study. Beau. & Fl.

     That  part  of  mankind  that  addict  their minds to speculations.
     Adventurer.

     His genius addicted him to the study of antiquity. Fuller.

     A man gross . . . and addicted to low company. Macaulay.

   2. To adapt; to make suitable; to fit. [Obs.]

     The land about is exceedingly addicted to wood, but the coldness of
     the place hinders the growth. Evelyn.

   Syn. -- Addict, Devote, Consecrate, Dedicate. Addict was formerly used
   in  a  good sense; as, addicted to letters; but is now mostly employed
   in  a  bad sense or an indifferent one; as, addicted to vice; addicted
   to  sensual  indulgence.  "Addicted  to  staying at home." J. S. Mill.
   Devote   is   always  taken  in  a  good  sense,  expressing  habitual
   earnestness  in  the  pursuit  of some favorite object; as, devoted to
   science.  Consecrate  and  dedicate express devotion of a higher kind,
   involving  religious  sentiment; as, consecrated to the service of the
   church; dedicated to God.

                                 Addictedness

   Ad*dict"ed*ness,   n.   The   quality  or  state  of  being  addicted;
   attachment.

                                   Addiction

   Ad*dic"tion (#), n. [Cf. L. addictio an adjudging.] The state of being
   addicted;  devotion; inclination. "His addiction was to courses vain."
   Shak.

                               Addison's disease

   Ad"di*son's  dis*ease"  (#).  [Named  from  Thomas  Addison, M. D., of
   London,  who  first described it.] (Med.) A morbid condition causing a
   peculiar brownish discoloration of the skin, and thought, at one time,
   to  be  due to disease of the suprarenal capsules (two flat triangular
   bodies  covering  the upper part of the kidneys), but now known not to
   be dependent upon this causes exclusively. It is usually fatal.

                                  Additament

   Ad*dit"a*ment  (#),  n. [L. additamentum, fr. additus, p. p. of addere
   to add.] An addition, or a thing added. Fuller.

     My  persuasion  that  the  latter  verses  of  the  chapter were an
     additament of a later age. Coleridge.

                                   Addition

   Ad*di"tion (#), n. [F. addition, L. additio, fr. addere to add.]

   1.  The  act  of  adding  two  or  more things together; -- opposed to
   subtraction  or  diminution.  "This  endless addition or addibility of
   numbers." Locke.

   2. Anything added; increase; augmentation; as, a piazza is an addition
   to a building.

   3. (Math.) That part of arithmetic which treats of adding numbers.

   4.  (Mus.) A dot at the right side of a note as an indication that its
   sound is to be lengthened one half. [R.]

   5.  (Law)  A  title  annexed  to  a  man's  name, to identify him more
   precisely; as, John Doe, Esq.; Richard Roe, Gent.; Robert Dale, Mason;
   Thomas Way, of New York; a mark of distinction; a title.

   6.  (Her.)  Something  added to a coat of arms, as a mark of honor; --
   opposed to abatement.
   Vector  addition  (Geom.),  that  kind  of  addition  of two lines, or
   vectors,  AB  and  BC,  by which their sum is regarded as the line, or
   vector,  AC.  Syn.  --  Increase;  accession; augmentation; appendage;
   adjunct.

                                  Additional

   Ad*di"tion*al (#), a. Added; supplemental; in the way of an addition.

                                  Additional

   Ad*di"tion*al, n. Something added. [R.] Bacon.

                                 Additionally

   Ad*di"tion*al*ly, adv. By way of addition.

                                  Additionary

   Ad*di"tion*a*ry (#), a. Additional. [R.] Herbert.

                                  Addititious

   Ad`di*ti"tious (#), a. [L. addititius, fr. addere.] Additive. [R.] Sir
   J. Herschel.

                                   Additive

   Ad"di*tive  (#),  a.  [L.  additivus.]  (Math.)  Proper  to  be added;
   positive; -- opposed to subtractive.

                                   Additory

   Ad"di*to*ry  (#),  a.  Tending  to  add;  making  some  addition. [R.]
   Arbuthnot.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle (#), n. [OE. adel, AS. adela, mud.]

   1. Liquid filth; mire. [Obs.]

   2. Lees; dregs. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle, a. Having lost the power of development, and become rotten, as
   eggs;  putrid.  Hence:  Unfruitful  or  confused,  as brains; muddled.
   Dryden.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle,  v.  t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Addled (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Addling
   (#).]  To  make  addle;  to  grow  addle; to muddle; as, he addled his
   brain. "Their eggs were addled." Cowper.

                                     Addle

   Ad"dle,  v.  t.  &  i. [OE. adlen, adilen, to gain, acquire; prob. fr.
   Icel.  \'94\'eblask to acquire property, akin to o\'ebal property. Cf.
   Allodial.]

   1. To earn by labor. [Prov. Eng.] Forby.

   2. To thrive or grow; to ripen. [Prov. Eng.]

     Kill ivy, else tree will addle no more. Tusser.

                      Addle-brain, Addle-head, Addle-pate

   Ad"dle-brain`  (#), Ad"dle-head` (#), Ad"dle-pate (#), n. A foolish or
   dull-witted fellow. [Colloq.]

                   Addle-brained, Addle-headed, Addle-pated

   Ad"dle-brained`   (#),   Ad"dle-head`ed  (#),  Ad"dle-pa`ted  (#),  a.
   Dull-witted; stupid. "The addle-brained Oberstein." Motley.

     Dull and addle-pated. Dryden.

                                Addle-patedness

   Ad"dle-pa`ted*ness (#), n. Stupidity.

                                   Addlings

   Ad"dlings  (#),  n.  pl.  [See Addle, to earn.] Earnings. [Prov. Eng.]
   Wright.

                                    Addoom

   Ad*doom" (#), v. t. [Pref. a- + doom.] To adjudge. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                   Addorsed

   Ad*dorsed"  (#),  a.  [L. ad + dorsum, back: cf. F. adoss\'82.] (Her.)
   Set or turned back to back.

                                    Address

   Ad*dress"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  & p. p. Addressed (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Addressing.]  [OE.  adressen  to  raise erect, adorn, OF. adrecier, to
   straighten,  address,  F. adresser, fr. \'85 (L. ad) + OF. drecier, F.
   dresser, to straighten, arrange. See Dress, v.]

   1. To aim; to direct. [Obs.] Chaucer.

     And this good knight his way with me addrest. Spenser.

   2. To prepare or make ready. [Obs.]

     His foe was soon addressed. Spenser.

     Turnus addressed his men to single fight. Dryden.

     The  five  foolish virgins addressed themselves at the noise of the
     bridegroom's coming. Jer. Taylor.

   3.  Reflexively:  To  prepare  one's  self;  to  apply  one's skill or
   energies (to some object); to betake.

     These men addressed themselves to the task. Macaulay.

   4. To clothe or array; to dress. [Archaic]

     Tecla . . . addressed herself in man's apparel. Jewel.

   5.  To  direct,  as  words  (to  any  one or any thing); to make, as a
   speech, petition, etc. (to any one, an audience).

     The young hero had addressed his players to him for his assistance.
     Dryden.

   6.  To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or
   written;  to  apply  to  by  words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to
   speak to; to accost.

     Are not your orders to address the senate? Addison.

     The representatives of the nation addressed the king. Swift.

   7. To direct in writing, as a letter; to superscribe, or to direct and
   transmit; as, he addressed a letter.

   8. To make suit to as a lover; to court; to woo.

   9.  (Com.)  To  consign or intrust to the care of another, as agent or
   factor; as, the ship was addressed to a merchant in Baltimore.
   To  address  one's  self  to.  (a) To prepare one's self for; to apply
   one's self to. (b) To direct one's speech or discourse to.

                                    Address

   Ad*dress" (#), v. i.

   1.  To  prepare one's self. [Obs.] "Let us address to tend on Hector's
   heels." Shak.

   2. To direct speech. [Obs.]

     Young Turnus to the beauteous maid addrest. Dryden.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e in transitive us es come from the dropping out of
     the reflexive pronoun.

                                    Address

   Ad*dress, n. [Cf. F. adresse. See Address, v. t.]

   1. Act of preparing one's self. [Obs.] Jer Taylor.

   2. Act of addressing one's self to a person; verbal application.

   3.  A  formal  communication, either written or spoken; a discourse; a
   speech;  a  formal  application  to  any  one;  a  petition;  a formal
   statement  on  some  subject  or  special  occasion; as, an address of
   thanks, an address to the voters.

   4.  Direction  or  superscription of a letter, or the name, title, and
   place of residence of the person addressed.

   5.  Manner  of speaking to another; delivery; as, a man of pleasing or
   insinuating address.

   6. Attention in the way one's addresses to a lady. Addison.

   7.  Skill; skillful management; dexterity; adroitness. Syn. -- Speech;
   discourse; harangue; oration; petition; lecture; readiness; ingenuity;
   tact; adroitness.

                                   Addressee

   Ad`dress*ee" (#), n. One to whom anything is addressed.

                                  Addression

   Ad*dres"sion  (#), n. The act of addressing or directing one's course.
   [Rare & Obs.] Chapman.

                                    Adduce

   Ad*duce"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adduced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adducing  (#).]  [L.  adducere,  adductum,  to  lead or bring to; ad +
   ducere  to lead. See Duke, and cf. Adduct.] To bring forward or offer,
   as  an  argument, passage, or consideration which bears on a statement
   or case; to cite; to allege.

     Reasons . . . were adduced on both sides. Macaulay.

     Enough could not be adduced to satisfy the purpose of illustration.
     De Quincey.

   Syn.  -- To present; allege; advance; cite; quote; assign; urge; name;
   mention.

                                   Adducent

   Ad*du"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  addunces,  p.  pr. of adducere.] (Physiol.)
   Bringing together or towards a given point; -- a word applied to those
   muscles  of  the  body which pull one part towards another. Opposed to
   abducent.

                                    Adducer

   Ad*du"cer (#), n. One who adduces.

                                   Adducible

   Ad*du"ci*ble (#), a. Capable of being adduced.

     Proofs innumerable, and in every imaginable manner diversified, are
     adducible. I. Taylor.

                                    Adduct

   Ad*duct"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adductus, p. p. of adducere. See Adduce.]
   (Physiol.) To draw towards a common center or a middle line. Huxley.

                                   Adduction

   Ad*duc"tion (#), n. [Cf. F. adduction. See Adduce.]

   1. The act of adducing or bringing forward.

     An adduction of facts gathered from various quarters. I. Taylor.

   2.  (Physiol.)  The  action  by  which the parts of the body are drawn
   towards its axis]; -- opposed to abduction. Dunglison.

                                   Adductive

   Ad*duc"tive (#), a. Adducing, or bringing towards or to something.

                                   Adductor

   Ad*duc"tor  (#), n. [L., fr. adducere.] (Anat.) A muscle which draws a
   limb or part of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes
   extended  parts  of the body; -- opposed to abductor; as, the adductor
   of the eye, which turns the eye toward the nose.

     In  the  bivalve  shells, the muscles which close the values of the
     shell are called adductor muscles. Verrill.

                                    Addulce

   Ad*dulce"  (#), v. t. [Like F. adoucir; fr. L. ad. + dulcis sweet.] To
   sweeten; to soothe. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                     Adeem

   A*deem"  (#), v. t. [L. adimere. See Ademption.] (Law) To revoke, as a
   legacy, grant, etc., or to satisfy it by some other gift.

                                 Adelantadillo

   A`de*lan`ta*dil"lo  (#), n. [Sp.] A Spanish red wine made of the first
   ripe grapes.

                                  Adelantado

   A`de*lan*ta"do  (#),  n.  [Sp.,  prop.  p. of adelantar to advance, to
   promote.] A governor of a province; a commander. Prescott.

                                   Adelaster

   Ad*e*las"ter  (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) A provisional name for a plant which
   has  not  had  its flowers botanically examined, and therefore has not
   been referred to its proper genus.

                                    Adeling

   Ad"el*ing (#), n. Same as Atheling.

                                 Adelocodonic

   A*del`o*co*don"ic  (#), a. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) Applied to sexual zooids of
   hydroids,  that have a saclike form and do not become free; -- opposed
   to phanerocodonic.

                                   Adelopod

   A*del"o*pod (#), n. [Gr. (Zo\'94l.) An animal having feet that are not
   apparent.

                                   Adelphia

   A*del"phi*a  (#),  n.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  A "brotherhood," or collection of
   stamens  in  a  bundle; -- used in composition, as in the class names,
   Monadelphia, Diadelphia, etc.

                                   Adelphous

   A*del"phous  (#),  a.  [Gr.  (Bot.)  Having  coalescent  or  clustered
   filaments;  --  said  of  stamens;  as,  adelphous stamens. Usually in
   composition; as, monadelphous. Gray.

                                    Adempt

   A*dempt"  (#),  p.  p.  [L.  ademptus, p. p. of adimere to take away.]
   Takes away. [Obs.]

     Without  any  sinister suspicion of anything being added or adempt.
     Latimn.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 21

                                   Ademption

   A*demp"tion (#), n. [L. ademptio, fr. adimere, ademptum, to take away;
   ad + emere to buy, orig. to take.] (Law) The revocation or taking away
   of a grant donation, legacy, or the like. Bouvier.

                                Aden- or Adeno-

   Aden-  or Adeno-. [Gr. Combining forms of the Greek word for gland; --
   used  in  words  relating  to  the  structure,  diseases, etc., of the
   glands.

                              Adenalgia, Adenalgy

   Ad`e*nal"gi*a (#), Ad"e*nal`gy (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Pain in a gland.

                                   Adeniform

   A*den"i*form  (#),  a.  [Aden- + -form.] Shaped like a gland; adenoid.
   Dunglison.

                                   Adenitis

   Ad`e*ni"tis  (#),  n.  [Aden- + -itis.] (Med.) Glandular inflammation.
   Dunglison.

                                 Adenographic

   Ad`e*no*graph"ic (#), a. Pertaining to adenography.

                                  Adenography

   Ad`e*nog"ra*phy (#), n. [Adeno- + -graphy.] That part of anatomy which
   describes the glands.

                              Adenoid, Adenoidal

   Ad"e*noid (#), Ad`e*noid"al (#) a. Glandlike; glandular.

                                 Adenological

   Ad`e*no*log"ic*al (#), a. Pertaining to adenology.

                                   Adenology

   Ad`e*nol"o*gy  (#),  n.  [Adeno- + -logy.] The part of physiology that
   treats of the glands.

                                 Adenophorous

   Ad`e*noph"o*rous (#), a. [Adeno- + Gr. (Bot.) Producing glands.

                                 Adenophyllous

   Ad`e*noph"yl*lous  (#),  a.  [Adeno- + Gr. (Bot.) Having glands on the
   leaves.

                                    Adenose

   Ad"e*nose`  (?;  277),  a.  Like  a gland; full of glands; glandulous;
   adenous.

                                  Adenotomic

   Ad`e*no*tom"ic (#), a. Pertaining to adenotomy.

                                   Adenotomy

   Ad`e*not"o*my (#), n. [Adeno- + Gr. (Anat.) Dissection of, or incision
   into, a gland or glands.

                                    Adenous

   Ad"e*nous (#), a. Same as Adenose.

                                     Adeps

   Ad"eps (#), n. [L.] Animal fat; lard.

                                     Adept

   A*dept" (#), n. [L. adeptus obtained (sc. artem), adipsci to arrive ad
   + apisci to pursue. See Apt, and cf. Adapt.] One fully skilled or well
   versed in anything; a proficient; as, adepts in philosophy.

                                     Adept

   A*dept", a. Well skilled; completely versed; thoroughly proficient.

     Beaus adept in everything profound. Cowper.

                                   Adeption

   A*dep"tion   (#),  n.  [L.  adeptio.  See  Adept,  a.]  An  obtaining;
   attainment. [Obs.]

     In the wit and policy of the capitain consisteth the chief adeption
     of the victory. Grafton.

                                   Adeptist

   A*dept"ist, n. A skilled alchemist. [Obs.]

                                   Adeptness

   A*dept"ness, n. The quality of being adept; skill.

                                   Adequacy

   Ad"e*qua*cy  (#),  n.  [See  Adequate.]  The state or quality of being
   adequate, proportionate, or sufficient; a sufficiency for a particular
   purpose; as, the adequacy of supply to the expenditure.

                                   Adequate

   Ad"e*quate  (#),  a.  [L. adaequatus, p. p. of adaequare to make equal
   to;  ad  +  aequare  to make equal, aequus equal. See Equal.] Equal to
   some  requirement;  proportionate, or correspondent; fully sufficient;
   as, powers adequate to a great work; an adequate definition.

     Ireland had no adequate champion. De Quincey.

   Syn.  -- Proportionate; commensurate; sufficient; suitable; competent;
   capable.

                                   Adequate

   Ad"e*quate (#), v. t. [See Adequate, a.]

   1. To equalize; to make adequate. [R.] Fotherby.

   2. To equal. [Obs.]

     It  [is]  an  impossibility for any creature to adequate God in his
     eternity. Shelford.

                                  Adequately

   Ad"e*quate*ly (#), adv. In an adequate manner.

                                 Adequateness

   Ad"e*quate*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  adequate; suitableness;
   sufficiency; adequacy.

                                  Adequation

   Ad`e*qua"tion  (#),  n. [L. adaequatio.] The act of equalizing; act or
   result of making adequate; an equivalent. [Obs.] Bp. Barlow.

                                    Adesmy

   A*des"my (#), n. [Gr. (Bot.) The division or defective coherence of an
   organ that is usually entire.

                                 Adessenarian

   Ad*es`se*na"ri*an  (#),  n.  [Formed fr. L. adesse to be present; ad +
   esse  to be.] (Eccl. Hist.) One who held the real presence of Christ's
   body in the eucharist, but not by transubstantiation.

                                   Adfected

   Ad*fect"ed  (#),  a.  [L. adfectus or affectus. See Affect, v.] (Alg.)
   See Affected, 5.

                                  Adfiliated

   Ad*fil"i*a`ted (#), a. See Affiliated. [Obs.]

                                  Adfiliation

   Ad*fil`i*a"tion (#), n. See Affiliation. [Obs.]

                                   Adfluxion

   Ad*flux"ion (#), n. See Affluxion.

                                   Adhamant

   Ad*ha"mant  (#),  a.  [From  L.  adhamare  to catch; ad + hamus hook.]
   Clinging, as by hooks.

                                    Adhere

   Ad*here"  (#),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adhered (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adhering  (#).] [L. adhaerere, adhaesum; ad + haerere to stick: cf. F.
   adh\'82rer. See Aghast.]

   1.  To  stick fast or cleave, as a glutinous substance does; to become
   joined or united; as, wax to the finger; the lungs sometimes adhere to
   the pleura.

   2.  To  hold,  be  attached,  or  devoted;  to remain fixed, either by
   personal  union or conformity of faith, principle, or opinion; as, men
   adhere to a party, a cause, a leader, a church.

   3.  To  be consistent or coherent; to be in accordance; to agree. "Nor
   time  nor place did then adhere." Every thing adheres together." Shak.
   Syn. -- To attach; stick; cleave; cling; hold

                                   Adherence

   Ad*her"ence (#), n. [Cf. F. adh\'82rence, LL. adhaerentia.]

   1. The quality or state of adhering.

   2.   The   state  of  being  fixed  in  attachment;  fidelity;  steady
   attachment; adhesion; as, adherence to a party or to opinions. Syn. --
   Adherence, Adhesion. These words, which were once freely interchanged,
   are  now  almost  entirely  separated.  Adherence is no longer used to
   denote physical union, but is applied, to mental states or habits; as,
   a  strict  adherence  to  one's duty; close adherence to the argument,
   etc. Adhesion is now confined chiefly to the physical sense, except in
   the phrase "To give in one's adhesion to a cause or a party."

                                   Adherency

   Ad*her"en*cy (#), n.

   1. The state or quality of being adherent; adherence. [R.]

   2. That which adheres. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                   Adherent

   Ad*her"ent (#), a. [L. adhaerens, -entis, p. pr.: cf. F. adh\'82rent.]

   1. Sticking; clinging; adhering. Pope.

   2. Attached as an attribute or circumstance.

   3.  (Bot.) Congenitally united with an organ of another kind, as calyx
   with ovary, or stamens with petals.

                                   Adherent

   Ad*her"ent, n.

   1.  One who adheres; one who adheres; one who follows a leader, party,
   or  profession;  a  follower,  or partisan; a believer in a particular
   faith or church.

   2.  That  which  adheres; an appendage. [R.] Milton. Syn. -- Follower;
   partisan; upholder; disciple; supporter; dependent; ally; backer.

                                  Adherently

   Ad*her"ent*ly, adv. In an adherent manner.

                                    Adherer

   Ad*her"er (#), n. One who adheres; an adherent.

                                   Adhesion

   Ad*he"sion (#), n. [L. adhaesio, fr. adhaerere: cf. F. adh\'82sion.]

   1.  The  action  of  sticking;  the  state of being attached; intimate
   union;  as the adhesion of glue, or of parts united by growth, cement,
   or the like.

   2.  Adherence; steady or firm attachment; fidelity; as, to error, to a
   policy.

     His  adhesion to the Tories was bounded by his approbation of their
     foreign policy. De Quincey.

   3. Agreement to adhere; concurrence; assent.

     To that treaty Spain and England gave in their adhesion. Macaulay.

   4.  (Physics)  The  molecular  attraction  exerted  between  bodies in
   contact. See Cohesion.

   5. (Med.) Union of surface, normally separate, by the formation of new
   tissue resulting from an inflammatory process.

   6. (Bot.) The union of parts which are separate in other plants, or in
   younger  states  of  the  same  plant.  Syn.  -- Adherence; union. See
   Adherence.

                                   Adhesive

   Ad*he"sive (#), a. [Cf. F. adh\'82sif.]

   1. Sticky; tenacious, as glutinous substances.

   2. Apt or tending to adhere; clinging. Thomson.
   Adhesive   attraction.   (Physics)   See   Attraction.   --   Adhesive
   inflammation  (Surg.),  that  kind of inflammation which terminates in
   the reunion of divided parts without suppuration. -- Adhesive plaster,
   a sticking; a plaster containing resin, wax, litharge, and olive oil.

                                  Adhesively

   Ad*he"sive*ly, adv. In an adhesive manner.

                                 Adhesiveness

   Ad*he"sive*ness, n.

   1. The quality of sticking or adhering; stickiness; tenacity of union.

   2.  (Phren.)  Propensity  to form and maintain attachments to persons,
   and to promote social intercourse.

                                    Adhibit

   Ad*hib"it (#), v. t. [L. adhibitus, p. p. of adhibere to hold to; ad +
   habere to have.]

   1. To admit, as a person or thing; to take in. Muirhead.

   2. To use or apply; to administer. Camden.

   3. To attach; to affix. Alison.

                                  Adhibition

   Ad`hi*bi"tion   (#),   n.  [L.  adhibitio.]  The  act  of  adhibiting;
   application; use. Whitaker.

                                  Ad hominem

   Ad  hom"i*nem  (#). [L., to the man.] ` phrase applied to an appeal or
   argument addressed to the principles, interests, or passions of a man.

                                    Adhort

   Ad*hort"  (#),  v.  t.  [L. adhortari. See Adhortation.] To exhort; to
   advise. [Obs.] Feltham.

                                  Adhortation

   Ad`hor*ta"tion  (#),  n. [L. adhortatio, fr. adhortari to advise; ad +
   hortari to exhort.] Advice; exhortation. [Obs.] Peacham.

                                  Adhortatory

   Ad*hor"ta*to*ry  (#),  a.  Containing  counsel  or warning; hortatory;
   advisory. [Obs.] Potter.

                                   Adiabatic

   Ad`i*a*bat"ic (#), a. [Gr. (Physics) Not giving out or receiving heat.
   --   Ad`i*a*bat`ic*al*ly,  adv.  Adiabatic  line  or  curve,  a  curve
   exhibiting  the  variations  of pressure and volume of a fluid when it
   expands without either receiving or giving out heat. Rankine.

                                  Adiactinic

   Ad`i*ac*tin"ic  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  not  +  diactinic.]  (Chem.) Not
   transmitting the actinic rays.

                                   Adiantum

   Ad`i*an"tum  (#),  n. [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.) A genus of ferns, the leaves
   of which shed water; maidenhair. Also, the black maidenhair, a species
   of spleenwort.

                                  Adiaphorism

   Ad`i*aph"o*rism (#), n. Religious indifference.

                                  Adiaphorist

   Ad`i*aph"o*rist  (#),  n.  [See Adiaphorous.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of the
   German  Protestants  who,  with  Melanchthon,  held  some opinions and
   ceremonies  to  be indifferent or nonessential, which Luther condemned
   as sinful or heretical. Murdock.

                                 Adiaphoristic

   Ad`i*aph`o*ris"tic  (#), a. Pertaining to matters indifferent in faith
   and practice. Shipley.

                                  Adiaphorite

   Ad`i*aph"o*rite (#), n. Same as Adiaphorist.

                                  Adiaphorous

   Ad`i*aph"o*rous (#), a. [Gr.

   1. Indifferent or neutral. Jer. Taylor.

   2.  (Med.)  Incapable of doing either harm or good, as some medicines.
   Dunglison.

                                   Adiaphory

   Ad`i*aph"o*ry, n. [Gr. Indifference. [Obs.]

                                  Adiathermic

   Ad`i*a*ther"mic (#), a. [Gr. Not pervious to heat.

                                     Adieu

   A*dieu"  (#), interj. & adv. [OE. also adew, adewe, adue, F. dieu, fr.
   L.  ad to + deus God.] Good-by; farewell; an expression of kind wishes
   at parting.

                                     Adieu

   A*dieu",  n.;  pl. Adieus (#). A farewell; commendation to the care of
   God at parting. Shak.

                                    Adight

   A*dight"  (#),  v.  t.  [p.  p.  Adight.]  [Pref. a- (intensive) + OE.
   dihten.  See Dight.] To set in order; to array; to attire; to deck, to
   dress. [Obs.]

                                 Ad infinitum

   Ad in`fi*ni"tum (#). [L., to infinity.] Without limit; endlessly.

                                  Ad interim

   Ad in"ter*im (#)[L.] Meanwhile; temporary.

                                  Adepescent

   Ad`e*pes"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  adeps,  adipis, fat + -escent.] Becoming
   fatty.

                                    Adipic

   A*dip"ic  (#),  a.  [L. adeps, adipis, fat.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
   derived  from,  fatty  or oily substances; -- applied to certain acids
   obtained from fats by the action of nitric acid. <-- 2. adipic acid. a
   dicarboxylic acid containing six carbon atoms in a linear chain -->

                                  Adipocerate

   Ad`i*poc"er*ate (#), v. t. To convert adipocere.

                                 Adipoceration

   Ad`i*poc`er*a"tion  (#),  n.  The  act  or  process  of  changing into
   adipocere.

                                   Adipocere

   Ad"i*po*cere`  (#),  n.  [L.  adeps,  adipis,  fat  + cera wax: cf. F.
   adipocere.]  A  soft,  unctuous,  or  waxy substance, of a light brown
   color,  into  which the fat and muscle tissue of dead bodies sometimes
   are  converted,  by  long  immersion  in  water  or by burial in moist
   places. It is a result of fatty degeneration.

                                 Adipoceriform

   Ad`i*po*cer"i*form  (#),  a.  [Adipocere  + -form.] Having the form or
   appearance of adipocere; as, an adipoceriform tumor.

                                  Adipocerous

   Ad`i*poc"er*ous (#), a. Like adipocere.

                                    Adipose

   Ad"i*pose`  (?;  277),  a.  [L.  adeps,  adipis,  fat,  grease.] Of or
   pertaining  to  animal  fat;  fatty.  Adipose  fin  (Zo\'94l.), a soft
   boneless  fin.  --  Adipose tissue (Anat.), that form of animal tissue
   which forms or contains fat.

                            Adiposeness, Adiposity

   Ad"i*pose`ness  (#),  Ad`i*pos"i*ty  (#),  n.  The state of being fat;
   fatness.

                                    Adipous

   Ad"i*pous (#), a. Fatty; adipose. [R.]

                                   Adipsous

   A*dip"sous (#), a. [Gr. Quenching thirst, as certain fruits.

                                    Adipsy

   Ad"ip*sy (#), n. [Gr. (Med.) Absence of thirst.

                                     Adit

   Ad"it (#), n. [L. aditus, fr. adire, , to go to; ad + ire to go.]

   1. An entrance or passage. Specifically: The nearly horizontal opening
   by  which  a  mine  is entered, or by which water and ores are carried
   away; -- called also drift and tunnel.

   2. Admission; approach; access. [R.]

     Yourself and yours shall have Free adit. Tennyson.

                             Adjacence, Adjacency

   Ad"ja"cence (#), Ad*ja"cen*cy (#),[Cf. LL. adjacentia.]

   1.  The  state  of  being  adjacent or contiguous; contiguity; as, the
   adjacency of lands or buildings.

   2. That which is adjacent.[R.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Adjacent

   Ad*ja"cent  (#),  a.  [L. adjacens, -centis, p. pr. of adjacere to lie
   near;  ad  +  jac  to  lie:  cf.  F.  adjacent.] Lying near, close, or
   contiguous;  neighboring;  bordering  on;  as, a field adjacent to the
   highway.  "The  adjacent  forest."  B.  Jonson. Adjacent or contiguous
   angle.  (Geom.)  See  Angle.  Syn.  -- Adjoining; contiguous; near. --
   Adjacent,  Adjoining,  Contiguous.  Things  are adjacent when they lie
   close  each  other,  not  necessary  in  actual  contact; as, adjacent
   fields, adjacent villages, etc.

     I  find  that  all  Europe  with her adjacent isles is peopled with
     Christians. Howell.

   Things are adjoining when they meet at some line or point of junction;
   as,  adjoining  farms,  an  adjoining  highway.  What  is spoken of as
   contiguous  should  touch with some extent of one side or the whole of
   it; as, a row of contiguous buildings; a wood contiguous to a plain.

                                   Adjacent

   Ad*ja"cent, n. That which is adjacent. [R.] Locke.

                                  Adjacently

   Ad*ja"cent*ly, adv. So as to be adjacent.

                                    Adject

   Ad*ject"  (#),  v.  t. [L. adjectus, p. p. of adjicere to throw to, to
   add  to; ad + ac to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.] To add or annex;
   to join. Leland.

                                   Adjection

   Ad*jec"tion  (#), n. [L. adjectio, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjection. See
   Adject.]  The  act  or  mode of adding; also, the thing added. [R.] B.
   Jonson.

                                  Adjectional

   Ad*jec"tion*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining to adjection; that is, or may be,
   annexed. [R.] Earle.

                                 Adjectitious

   Ad`jec*ti"tious (#), [L. adjectitius.] Added; additional. Parkhurst.

                                  Adjectival

   Ad`jec*ti"val (#), a. Of or relating to the relating to the adjective;
   of the nature of an adjective; adjective. W. Taylor (1797)

                                 Adjectivally

   Ad`jec*ti"val*ly,  adv.  As,  or  in  the  manner  of,  an  adjective;
   adjectively.

                                   Adjective

   Ad"jec*tive (#), a. [See Adjective, n.]

   1.  Added  to  a  substantive  as  an  attribute;  of the nature of an
   adjunct; as, an word sentence.

   2. Not standing by itself; dependent.
   Adjective color, a color which requires to be fixed by some mordant or
   base to give it permanency.

   3.  Relating  to  procedure.  "The  whole English law, substantive and
   adjective." Macaulay.

                                   Adjective

   Ad"jec*tive,  n.  [L. adjectivum (sc. nomen), neut. of adjectivus that
   is added, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjectif. See Adject.]

   1.  (Gram.)  A  word  used  with  a noun, or substantive, to express a
   quality of the thing named, or something attributed to it, or to limit
   or  define  it,  or  to  specify or describe a thing, as distinct from
   something  else.  Thus,  in  phrase,  "a  wise  ruler,"  wise  is  the
   adjective, expressing a property of ruler.

   2. A dependent; an accessory. Fuller.

                                   Adjective

   Ad"jec*tive,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Adjectived (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjectiving  (#).]  To make an adjective of; to form or change into an
   adjective. [R.]

     Language   has   as   much   occasion  to  adjective  the  distinct
     signification  of  the  verb, and to adjective also the mood, as it
     has to adjective time. It has . . . adjectived all three. Tooke.

                                  Adjectively

   Ad"jec*tive*ly,  adv.  In  the manner of an adjective; as, a word used
   adjectively.

                                    Adjoin

   Ad*join"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Adjoined (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjoining.]   [OE.   ajoinen,  OF.  ajoindre,  F.  adjoindre,  fr.  L.
   adjungere;  ad  + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Adjunct.] To join
   or  unite  to; to lie contiguous to; to be in contact with; to attach;
   to append.

     Corrections  .  . . should be, as remarks, adjoined by way of note.
     Watts.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 22

                                    Adjoin

   Ad*join" (#), v. i.

   1.  To lie or be next, or in contact; to be contiguous; as, the houses
   adjoin.

     When one man's land adjoins to another's. Blackstone.

     NOTE: &hand; Th e co nstruction with to, on, or with is obsolete or
     obsolescent.

   2. To join one's self. [Obs.]

     She lightly unto him adjoined side to side. Spenser.

                                   Adjoinant

   Ad*join"ant (#), a. Contiguous. [Obs.] Carew.

                                   Adjoining

   Ad*join"ing,  a.  Joining  to;  contiguous; adjacent; as, an adjoining
   room. "The adjoining fane." Dryden.

     Upon the hills adjoining to the city. Shak.

   Syn.  -- Adjacent; contiguous; near; neighboring; abutting; bordering.
   See Adjacent.

                                    Adjoint

   Ad"joint (#), n. An adjunct; a helper. [Obs.]

                                    Adjourn

   Ad*journ  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Adjourned (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjourning  (#).] [OE. ajornen, OF. ajoiner, ajurner, F. ajourner; OF.
   a  (L. ad) + jor, jur, jorn, F. jour, day, fr. L. diurnus belonging to
   the  day,  fr. dies day. Cf. Journal, Journey.] To put off or defer to
   another day, or indefinitely; to postpone; to close or suspend for the
   day; -- commonly said of the meeting, or the action, of convened body;
   as, to adjourn the meeting; to adjourn a debate.

     It  is  a common practice to adjourn the reformation of their lives
     to a further time. Barrow.

     'Tis a needful fitness That we adjourn this court till further day.
     Shak.

   Syn.  --  To  delay; defer; postpone; put off; suspend. -- To Adjourn,
   Prorogue,  Dissolve.  These words are used in respect to public bodies
   when  they  lay  aside  business  and separate. Adjourn, both in Great
   Britain and this country, is applied to all cases in which such bodies
   separate  for  a  brief period, with a view to meet again. Prorogue is
   applied  in  Great Britain to that act of the executive government, as
   the  sovereign,  which  brings a session of Parliament to a close. The
   word  is  not used in this country, but a legislative body is said, in
   such  a  case,  to  adjourn  sine  die.  To  dissolve  is to annul the
   corporate  existence  of a body. In order to exist again the body must
   be reconstituted.

                                    Adjourn

   Ad*journ",  v.  i.To  suspend  business for a time, as from one day to
   another,  or for a longer period, or indefinitely; usually, to suspend
   public  business,  as  of  legislatures  and courts, or other convened
   bodies;  as,  congress  adjourned at four o'clock; the court adjourned
   without day.

                                   Adjournal

   Ad*journ"al  (#),  n. Adjournment; postponement. [R.] "An adjournal of
   the Diet." Sir W. Scott.

                                  Adjournment

   Ad*journ"ment  (#),  n.  [Cf.  f.  adjournement,  OF.  ajornement. See
   Adjourn.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjourning; the putting off till another day or time
   specified, or without day.

   2.  The  time  or  interval  during  which  a public body adjourns its
   sittings or postpones business.

                                    Adjudge

   Ad*judge"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Adjudged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjudging  (#).]  [OE.  ajugen,  OF.  ajugier, fr. L. adjudicare; ad +
   judicare to judge. See Judge, and cf. Adjudicate.]

   1. To award judicially in the case of a controverted question; as, the
   prize was adjudged to the victor.

   2.  To determine in the exercise of judicial power; to decide or award
   judicially;  to  adjudicate; as, the case was adjudged in the November
   term.

   3. To sentence; to condemn.

     Without  reprieve,  adjudged  to death For want of well pronouncing
     Shibboleth. Milton.

   4. To regard or hold; to judge; to deem.

     He adjudged him unworthy of his friendship. Knolles.

   Syn. -- To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; ordain; assign.

                                   Adjudger

   Ad*judg"er (#), n. One who adjudges.

                                  Adjudgment

   Ad*judg"ment   (#),  n.  The  act  of  adjudging;  judicial  decision;
   adjudication. Sir W. Temple.

                                  Adjudicate

   Ad*ju"di*cate  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudicated (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n.  Adjudicating  (#)]  [L.  adjudicatus,  p.  p.  of  adjudicare. See
   Adjudge.]  To  adjudge; to try and determine, as a court; to settle by
   judicial decree.

                                  Adjudicate

   Ad*ju"di*cate,  v.  i.  To  come to a judicial decision; as, the court
   adjudicated upon the case.

                                 Adjudication

   Ad*ju`di*ca"tion (#), n. [L. adjudicatio: cf. F. adjudication.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjudicating;  the  act  or  process  of  trying and
   determining judicially.

   2.  A  deliberate  determination  by  the  judicial  power; a judicial
   decision  or  sentence.  "An adjudication in favor of natural rights."
   Burke.

   3.  (Bankruptcy  practice)  The decision upon the question whether the
   debtor is a bankrupt. Abbott.

   4.  (Scots  Law)  A  process  by which land is attached security or in
   satisfaction of a debt.

                                 Adjudicative

   Ad*ju"di*ca*tive (#), a. Adjudicating.

                                  Adjudicator

   Ad*ju"di*ca`tor (#), n. One who adjudicates.

                                 Adjudicature

   Ad*ju"di*ca*ture (#), n. Adjudication.

                                   Adjugate

   Ad"ju*gate  (#),  v. t. [L. adjugatus, p. p. of adjugare; ad + jugum a
   yoke.] To yoke to. [Obs.]

                                   Adjument

   Ad"ju*ment  (#),  n. [L. adjumentum, for adjuvamentum, fr. adjuvare to
   help;  ad  +  juvare  to  help.] Help; support; also, a helper. [Obs.]
   Waterhouse.

                                    Adjunct

   Ad"junct`  (#),  a.  [L.  adjunctus,  p. p. of adjungere. See Adjoin.]
   Conjoined; attending; consequent.

     Though that my death were adjunct to my act. Shak.

   Adjunct  notes  (Mus.),  short  notes  between  those essential to the
   harmony; auxiliary notes; passing notes.

                                    Adjunct

   Ad"junct`, n.

   1.  Something  joined or added to another thing, but not essentially a
   part of it.

     Learning is but an adjunct to our self. Shak.

   2. A person joined to another in some duty or service; a colleague; an
   associate. Wotton.

   3.  (Gram.)  A  word or words added to quality or amplify the force of
   other  words;  as,  the  History of the American Revolution, where the
   words in italics are the adjunct or adjuncts of "History."

   4.  (Metaph.)  A  quality or property of the body or the mind, whether
   natural or acquired; as, color, in the body, judgment in the mind.

   5.  (Mus.)  A  key or scale closely related to another as principal; a
   relative  or  attendant key. [R.] See Attendant keys, under Attendant,
   a.

                                  Adjunction

   Ad*junc"tion  (#), n. [L. adjunctio, fr. adjungere: cf. F. adjonction,
   and see Adjunct.] The act of joining; the thing joined or added.

                                  Adjunctive

   Ad*junc"tive  (#),  a.  [L.  adjunctivus, fr. adjungere. See Adjunct.]
   Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an adjunct.

                                  Adjunctive

   Ad*junc"tive, n. One who, or that which, is joined.

                                 Adjunctively

   Ad*junc"tive*ly, adv. In an adjunctive manner.

                                   Adjunctly

   Ad*junct"ly  (#),  adv.  By  way of addition or adjunct; in connection
   with.

                                  Adjuration

   Ad`ju*ra"tion  (#), n. [L. adjuratio, fr. adjurare: cf. F. adjuration.
   See Adjure.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjuring;  a  solemn  charging on oath, or under the
   penalty of a curse; an earnest appeal.

     What an accusation could not effect, an adjuration shall. Bp. Hall.

   2. The form of oath or appeal.

     Persons who . . . made use of prayer and adjurations. Addison.

                                  Adjuratory

   Ad*ju"ra*to*ry (#), a. [L. adjuratorius.] Containing an adjuration.

                                    Adjure

   Ad*jure"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adjured (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adjuring (#)]. [L. adjurare, adjurdium, to swear to; later, to adjure:
   cf.  F.  adjurer. See Jury.] To charge, bind, or command, solemnly, as
   if  under  oath,  or under the penalty of a curse; to appeal to in the
   most solemn or impressive manner; to entreat earnestly.

     Joshua  adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before
     the  Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho. Josh. vi.
     26.

     The  high  priest . . . said . . . I adjure thee by the living God,
     that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ. Matt. xxvi. 63.

     The  commissioners  adjured  them  not  to let pass so favorable an
     opportunity of securing their liberties. Marshall.

                                    Adjurer

   Ad*jur"er (#), n. One who adjures.

                                    Adjust

   Ad*just"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adjusted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n.
   Adjusting.]  [OF.  ajuster,  ajoster  (whence  F. ajouter to add), LL.
   adjuxtare  to  fit;  fr. L. ad + juxta near; confused later with L. ad
   and  justus  just, right, whence F. ajuster to adjust. See Just, v. t.
   and cf. Adjute.]

   1.  To  make  exact;  to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to
   bring  into  proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the body, or
   things to a standard.

   2. To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to system.

     Adjusting the orthography. Johnson.

   3.  To  settle  or  bring to a satisfactory state, so that parties are
   agreed  in  the  result;  as,  to adjust accounts; the differences are
   adjusted.

   4.  To  bring  to  a  true  relative  position,  as  the  parts  of an
   instrument;  to  regulate  for  use;  as,  to  adjust  a  telescope or
   microscope.  Syn.  --  To adapt; suit; arrange; regulate; accommodate;
   set right; rectify; settle.

                                  Adjustable

   Ad*just"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being adjusted.

                                   Adjustage

   Ad*just"age (#), n. [Cf. Ajutage.] Adjustment. [R.]

                                   Adjuster

   Ad*just"er (#), n. One who, or that which, adjusts.

                                   Adjustive

   Ad*just"ive (#), a. Tending to adjust. [R.]

                                  Adjustment

   Ad*just"ment (#), n. [Cf. F. ajustement. See Adjust.]

   1.  The  act  of  adjusting,  or  condition  of being adjusted; act of
   bringing into proper relations; regulation.

     Success  depends on the nicest and minutest adjustment of the parts
     concerned. Paley.

   2. (Law) Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of conflicting
   claims,  as  in  set-off,  contribution, exoneration, subrogation, and
   marshaling. Bispham.

   3.  The  operation  of  bringing  all the parts of an instrument, as a
   microscope  or telescope, into their proper relative position for use;
   the condition of being thus adjusted; as, to get a good adjustment; to
   be  in  or  out  of adjustment. Syn. -- Suiting; fitting; arrangement;
   regulation; settlement; adaptation; disposition.

                                   Adjutage

   Ad"ju*tage (#), n. Same as Ajutage.

                                   Adjutancy

   Ad"ju*tan*cy (#), n. [See Adjutant.]

   1. The office of an adjutant.

   2. Skillful arrangement in aid; assistance.

     It was, no doubt, disposed with all the adjutancy of definition and
     division. Burke.

                                   Adjutant

   Ad"ju*tant (#), n. [L. adjutans, p. pr. of adjutare to help. See Aid.]

   1. A helper; an assistant.

   2.  (Mil.)  A  regimental  staff  officer, who assists the colonel, or
   commanding  officer  of  a  garrison  or  regiment,  in the details of
   regimental and garrison duty.
   Adjutant  general  (a) (Mil.), the principal staff officer of an army,
   through whom the commanding general receives communications and issues
   military orders. In the U. S. army he is brigadier general. (b) (Among
   the  Jesuits), one of a select number of fathers, who resided with the
   general  of the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned
   to his care.

   3. (Zo\'94l.) A species of very large stork (Ciconia argala), a native
   of  India;  --  called also the gigantic crane, and by the native name
   argala. It is noted for its serpent-destroying habits.

                                   Adjutator

   Ad"ju*ta`tor (#), n. (Eng. Hist.) A corruption of Agitator.

                                    Adjute

   Ad*jute"  (#),  v. t. [F. ajouter; confused with L. adjutare.] To add.
   [Obs.]

                                    Adjutor

   Ad*ju"tor  (#), n. [L., fr. adjuvare. See Aid.] A helper or assistant.
   [Archaic] Drayton.

                                   Adjutory

   Ad*ju"to*ry  (#),  a.  [L.  adjutorius.]  Serving  to  help or assist;
   helping. [Obs.]

                                   Adjutrix

   Ad*ju"trix  (#),  n.  [L.  See Adjutor.] A female helper or assistant.
   [R.]

                                   Adjuvant

   Ad"ju*vant  (#),  a.  [L.  adjuvans, p. pr. of adjuvare to aid: cf. F.
   adjuvant.  See  Aid.]  Helping;  helpful;  assisting.  [R.]  "Adjuvant
   causes." Howell.

                                   Adjuvant

   Ad"ju*vant, n.

   1. An assistant. [R.] Yelverton.

   2. (Med.) An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or modifies the
   action of the principal ingredient.

                                  Adlegation

   Ad`le*ga"tion  (#),  n.  [L. adlegatio, allegatio, a sending away; fr.
   adlegare,  allegare,  to send away with a commission; ad in addition +
   legare  to  send  as  ambassador.  Cf.  Allegation.]  A right formerly
   claimed  by  the  states  of  the  German  Empire of joining their own
   ministers   with   those   of  the  emperor  in  public  treaties  and
   negotiations to the common interest of the empire. Encyc. Brit.

                                  Ad libitum

   Ad lib"i*tum (#). At one's pleasure; as one wishes.

                                  Adlocution

   Ad`lo*cu"tion (#), n. See Allocution. [Obs.]

                                  Admarginate

   Ad*mar"gin*ate  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  ad-  +  margin.] To write in the
   margin. [R.] Coleridge.

                                  Admaxillary

   Ad*max"il*la*ry  (#),  a. [Pref. ad- + maxillary.] (Anat.) Near to the
   maxilla or jawbone.

                                   Admeasure

   Ad*meas"ure  (?;  135),  v. t. [Cf. OF. amesurer, LL. admensurare. See
   Measure.]

   1. To measure.

   2.   (Law)   To   determine   the  proper  share  of,  or  the  proper
   apportionment; as, to admeasure dower; to admeasure common of pasture.
   Blackstone.

   2. The measure of a thing; dimensions; size.

   3.  (Law)  Formerly, the adjustment of proportion, or ascertainment of
   shares,  as  of  dower  or pasture held in common. This was by writ of
   admeasurement, directed to the sheriff.

                                  Admeasurer

   Ad*meas"ur*er (#), n. One who admeasures.

                                 Admensuration

   Ad*men`su*ra"tion  (#),  n.  [LL.  admensuratio;  L. ad + mensurare to
   measure. See Mensuration.] Same as Admeasurement.

                                   Adminicle

   Ad*min"i*cle  (#), n. [L. adminculum support, orig., that on which the
   hand rests; ad + manus hand + dim. ending -culym.]

   1. Help or support; an auxiliary. Grote.

   2. (Law) Corroborative or explanatory proof.

     NOTE: In Sc ots law, any writing tending to establish the existence
     or terms of a lost deed. Bell.

                                  Adminicular

   Ad`mi*nic"u*lar  (#),  a.  Supplying  help;  auxiliary; corroborative;
   explanatory; as, adminicular evidence. H. Spencer.

                                 Adminiculary

   Ad`mi*nic"u*la*ry (#), a. Adminicular.

                                  Administer

   Ad*min"is*ter  (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Administered (#); p. pr. & vb.
   n. Administering.] [OE. aministren, OF. aministrer, F. administer, fr.
   L. administrare; ad + ministrare to serve. See Minister.]

   1.  To  manage or conduct, as public affairs; to direct or superintend
   the  execution,  application,  or  conduct  of;  as, to administer the
   government or the state.

     For  forms  of  government  let  fools  contest:  Whate'er  is best
     administered is best. Pope.

   2.  To  dispense;  to serve out; to supply; execute; as, to administer
   relief, to administer the sacrament.

     [Let zephyrs] administer their tepid, genial airs. Philips.

     Justice  was  administered  with an exactness and purity not before
     known. Macaulay.

   3.  To apply, as medicine or a remedy; to give, as a dose or something
   beneficial or suitable. Extended to a blow, a reproof, etc.

     A noxious drug had been administered to him. Macaulay.

   4. To tender, as an oath.

     Swear . . . to keep the oath that we administer. Shak.

   5.  (Law)  To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a will, or
   whose will fails of an executor. Syn. -- To manage; conduct; minister;
   supply; dispense; give out; distribute; furnish.

                                  Administer

   Ad*min"is*ter, v. i.

   1. To contribute; to bring aid or supplies; to conduce; to minister.

     A  fountain . . . administers to the pleasure as well as the plenty
     of the place. Spectator.

   2.  (Law)  To  perform the office of administrator; to act officially;
   as, A administers upon the estate of B.

                                  Administer

   Ad*min"is*ter, n. Administrator. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                 Administerial

   Ad*min`is*te"ri*al  (#),  a.  Pertaining  to administration, or to the
   executive part of government.

                                 Administrable

   Ad*min"is*tra*ble  (#),  a.  Capable  of  being  administered;  as, an
   administrable law.

                                 Administrant

   Ad*min"is*trant  (#),  a. [F., p. pr. of administrer. See Administer.]
   Executive; acting; managing affairs. -- n. One who administers.

                                 Administrate

   Ad*min"is*trate  (#), v. t. [L. administratus, p. p. of administrare.]
   To administer. [R.] Milman.

                                Administration

   Ad*min`is*tra"tion    (?;    277),   n.   [OE.   administracioun,   L.
   administratio: cf. F. administration.]

   1. The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service
   rendered,  or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of
   any office or employment; direction; management.

     His  financial  administration  was  of  a  piece with his military
     administration. Macaulay.

   2.  The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are
   intrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public
   affairs;  the  chief  magistrate  and  his  cabinet or council; or the
   council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain.

     A mild and popular administration. Macaulay.

     The administration has been opposed in parliament. Johnson.

   3.  The  act  of  administering,  or  tendering  something to another;
   dispensation;  as,  the  administration  of a medicine, of an oath, of
   justice, or of the sacrament.
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 23

   4.  (Law)  (a)  The management and disposal, under legal authority, of
   the  estate  of  an  intestate,  or  of a testator having no competent
   executor.  (b)  The management of an estate of a deceased person by an
   executor, the strictly corresponding term execution not being in use.
   Administration with the will annexed, administration granted where the
   testator  has  appointed  no  executor, or where his appointment of an
   executor  for any cause has failed, as by death, incompetency, refusal
   to  act,  etc.  Syn.  --  Conduct;  management; direction; regulation;
   execution; dispensation; distribution.

                                Administrative

   Ad*min"is*tra`tive (#), a. [L. administrativus: cf. F. administratif.]
   Pertaining   to   administration;  administering;  executive;  as,  an
   administrative  body,  ability,  or  energy. -- Ad*min"is*tra`tive*ly,
   adv.

                                 Administrator

   Ad*min`is*tra"tor (#), n. [L.]

   1. One who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or
   dispenses,  whether  in  civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical
   affairs; a manager.

   2.  (Law)  A man who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or
   of  a  testator  when  there is no competent executor; one to whom the
   right of administration has been committed by competent authority.

                               Administratorship

   Ad*min`is*tra"tor*ship, n. The position or office of an administrator.

                                Administratrix

   Ad*min`is*tra"trix  (#),  n.  [NL.] A woman who administers; esp., one
   who  administers  the  estate  of  an intestate, or to whom letters of
   administration have been granted; a female administrator.

                                 Admirability

   Ad`mi*ra*bil"i*ty  (#),  n.  [L.  admirabilitac.]  Admirableness. [R.]
   Johnson.

                                   Admirable

   Ad"mi*ra*ble (#), a. [L. admirabilis: cf. F. admirable.]

   1. Fitted to excite wonder; wonderful; marvelous. [Obs.]

     In  man  there is nothing admirable but his ignorance and weakness.
     Jer. Taylor.

   2.   Having  qualities  to  excite  wonder  united  with  approbation;
   deserving  the  highest  praise; most excellent; -- used of persons or
   things.  "An admirable machine." "Admirable fortitude." Macaulay. Syn.
   --    Wonderful;   marvelous;   surprising;   excellent;   delightful;
   praiseworthy.

                                 Admirableness

   Ad"mi*ra*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  admirable;  wonderful
   excellence.

                                   Admirably

   Ad"mi*ra*bly, adv. In an admirable manner.

                                    Admiral

   Ad"mi*ral (#), n. [OE. amiral, admiral, OF. amiral, ultimately fr. Ar.
   am\'c6r-al-bahr  commander of the sea; Ar. am\'c6r is commander, al is
   the  Ar. article, and am\'c6r-al, heard in different titles, was taken
   as  one  word.  Early  forms  of  the  word  show  confusion  with  L.
   admirabilis admirable, fr. admirari to admire. It is said to have been
   introduced  into  Europe  by  the Genoese or Venetians, in the 12th or
   13th century. Cf. Ameer, Emir.]

   1.  A naval officer of the highest rank; a naval officer of high rank,
   of  which there are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are
   admiral,  vice admiral, and rear admiral. The admiral is the commander
   in chief of a fleet or of fleets.

   2.  The  ship  which  carries the admiral; also, the most considerable
   ship of a fleet.

     Like  some mighty admiral, dark and terrible, bearing down upon his
     antagonist  with  all his canvas straining to the wind, and all his
     thunders roaring from his broadsides. E. Everett.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  A handsome butterfly (Pyrameis Atalanta) of Europe and
   America. The larva feeds on nettles.
   Admiral shell (Zo\'94l.), the popular name of an ornamental cone shell
   (Conus  admiralis).  Lord  High Admiral, a great officer of state, who
   (when  this  rare  dignity  is  conferred) is at the head of the naval
   administration of Great Britain.

                                  Admiralship

   Ad"mi*ral*ship,  n.  The  office or position oaf an admiral; also, the
   naval skill of an admiral.

                                   Admiralty

   Ad"mi*ral*ty  (#),  n.;  pl.  Admiralties (#). [F. amiraut\'82, for an
   older  amiralt\'82,  office  of  admiral,  fr.  LL.  admiralitas.  See
   Admiral.]

   1. The office or jurisdiction of an admiral. Prescott.

   2.  The  department  or  officers  having authority over naval affairs
   generally.

   3.  The  court  which  has  jurisdiction  of  maritime  questions  and
   offenses.

     NOTE: &hand; In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly vested
     in the High Court of Admiralty, which was held before the Lord High
     Admiral,  or  his  deputy,  styled  the Judge of the Admiralty; but
     admiralty  jurisdiction  is now vested in the probate, divorce, and
     admiralty  division  of  the High Justice. In America, there are no
     admiralty  courts  distinct from others, but admiralty jurisdiction
     is  vested  in the district courts of the United States, subject to
     revision  by the circuit courts and the Supreme Court of the United
     States.   Admiralty   jurisprudence   has  cognizance  of  maritime
     contracts  and  torts,  collisions  at  sea, cases of prize in war,
     etc.,  and  in  America, admiralty jurisdiction is extended to such
     matters, arising out of the navigation of any of the public waters,
     as the Great Lakes and rivers.

   4. The system of jurisprudence of admiralty courts.

   5.  The  building  in  which  the  lords of the admiralty, in England,
   transact business.

                                   Admirance

   Ad*mir"ance (#), n. [Cf. OF. admirance.] Admiration. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                  Admiration

   Ad`mi*ra"tion (#), n. [F., fr. L. admiratio. See Admire.]

   1. Wonder; astonishment. [Obs.]

     Season your admiration for a while. Shak.

   2. Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an emotion excited by a
   person  or  thing  possessed  of  wonderful  or  high  excellence; as,
   admiration of a beautiful woman, of a landscape, of virtue.

   3.  Cause  of  admiration;  something  to  excite  wonder,  or pleased
   surprise; a prodigy.

     Now, good Lafeu, bring in the admiration. Shak.

   Note  of admiration, the mark (!), called also exclamation point. Syn.
   -- Wonder; approval; appreciation; adoration; reverence; worship.

                                  Admirative

   Ad*mir"a*tive  (#), a. Relating to or expressing admiration or wonder.
   [R.] Earle.

                                    Admire

   Ad*mire"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Admired (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Admiring  (#).]  [F.  admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder,
   for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]

   1.  To  regard  with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to
   marvel at. [Archaic]

     Examples rather to be admired than imitated. Fuller.

   2.  To  regard  with wonder and delight; to look upon with an elevated
   feeling of pleasure, as something which calls out approbation, esteem,
   love,  or  reverence;  to  estimate  or  prize highly; as, to admire a
   person of high moral worth, to admire a landscape.

     Admired as heroes and as gods obeyed. Pope.

     NOTE: &hand; Ad mire fo llowed by  th e in finitive is  obsolete or
     colloquial; as, I admire to see a man consistent in his conduct.

   Syn. -- To esteem; approve; delight in.

                                    Admire

   Ad*mire",  v. i.To wonder; to marvel; to be affected with surprise; --
   sometimes with at.

     To wonder at Pharaoh, and even admire at myself. Fuller.

                                    Admired

   Ad*mired" (#), a.

   1.  Regarded  with  wonder  and delight; highly prized; as, an admired
   poem.

   2.  Wonderful;  also,  admirable. [Obs.] "Admired disorder." " Admired
   Miranda." Shak.

                                    Admirer

   Ad*mir"er  (#),  n. One who admires; one who esteems or loves greatly.
   Cowper.

                                   Admiring

   Ad*mir"ing,  a.  Expressing  admiration;  as,  an  admiring glance. --
   Ad*mir"ing*ly, adv. Shak.

                                 Admissibility

   Ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty  (#),  n. [Cf. F. admissibilit\'82.] The quality of
   being admissible; admissibleness; as, the admissibility of evidence.

                                  Admissible

   Ad*mis"si*ble  (#),  a.  [F. admissible, LL. admissibilis. See Admit.]
   Entitled  to  be  admitted,  or  worthy of being admitted; that may be
   allowed   or  conceded;  allowable;  as,  the  supposition  is  hardly
   admissible. -- Ad*mis"si*ble*ness, n. -- Ad*mis"si*bly, adv.

                                   Admission

   Ad*mis"sion (#), n. [L. admissio: cf. F. admission. See Admit.]

   1. The act or practice of admitting.

   2.  Power  or permission to enter; admittance; entrance; access; power
   to approach.

     What numbers groan for sad admission there! Young.

   3.  The  granting of an argument or position not fully proved; the act
   of acknowledging something

     The too easy admission of doctrines. Macaulay.

   4.  (Law)  Acquiescence or concurrence in a statement made by another,
   and distinguishable from a confession in that an admission presupposes
   prior  inquiry  by  another, but a confession may be made without such
   inquiry.

   5.  A  fact,  point,  or statement admitted; as, admission made out of
   court are received in evidence.

   6.  (Eng. Eccl. Law) Declaration of the bishop that he approves of the
   presentee  as a fit person to serve the cure of the church to which he
   is presented. Shipley. Syn. -- Admittance; concession; acknowledgment;
   concurrence; allowance. See Admittance.

                                   Admissive

   Ad*mis"sive (#), a.Implying an admission; tending to admit. [R.] Lamb.

                                   Admissory

   Ad*mis"so*ry (#), a. Pertaining to admission.

                                     Admit

   Ad*mit" (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Admitting.]
   [OE.  amitten,  L.  admittere,  admissum; ad + mittere to send: cf. F.
   admettre, OF. admettre, OF. ametre. See Missile.]

   1.  To  suffer  to  enter; to grant entrance, whether into a place, or
   into  the  mind,  or consideration; to receive; to take; as, they were
   into  his  house;  to  admit a serious thought into the mind; to admit
   evidence in the trial of a cause.

   2. To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket one into a playhouse.

   3.  To  allow  (one) to enter on an office or to enjoy a privilege; to
   recognize  as  qualified  for a franchise; as, to admit an attorney to
   practice law; the prisoner was admitted to bail.

   4.  To  concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an allegation
   which it is impossible to deny; to own or confess; as, the argument or
   fact is admitted; he admitted his guilt.

   5.  To  be  capable  of;  to permit; as, the words do not admit such a
   construction.  In this sense, of may be used after the verb, or may be
   omitted.

     Both  Houses  declared  that they could admit of no treaty with the
     king. Hume.

                                  Admittable

   Ad*mit"ta*ble (#), a. Admissible. Sir T. Browne.

                                  Admittance

   Ad*mit"tance (#), n.

   1. The act of admitting.

   2.  Permission  to enter; the power or right of entrance; also, actual
   entrance; reception.

     To gain admittance into the house. South.

     He desires admittance to the king. Dryden.

     To give admittance to a thought of fear. Shak.

   3.   Concession;  admission;  allowance;  as,  the  admittance  of  an
   argument. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

   4. Admissibility. [Obs.] Shak.

   5.  (Eng.  Law)  The  act  of  giving possession of a copyhold estate.
   Bouvier.   Syn.   --   Admission;  access;  entrance;  initiation.  --
   Admittance,  Admission. These words are, to some extent, in a state of
   transition  and  change.  Admittance  is  now  chiefly confined to its
   primary sense of access into some locality or building. Thus we see on
   the  doors of factories, shops, etc. "No admittance." Its secondary or
   moral  sense,  as  "admittance to the church," is almost entirely laid
   aside.  Admission  has  taken  to  itself  the secondary or figurative
   senses;  as,  admission to the rights of citizenship; admission to the
   church;  the  admissions  made by one of the parties in a dispute. And
   even  when  used  in  its  primary  sense,  it  is  not identical with
   admittance. Thus, we speak of admission into a country, territory, and
   other larger localities, etc., where admittance could not be used. So,
   when  we speak of admission to a concert or other public assembly, the
   meaning is not perhaps exactly that of admittance, viz., access within
   the  walls  of the building, but rather a reception into the audience,
   or  access  to  the performances. But the lines of distinction on this
   subject are one definitely drawn.

                                  Admittatur

   Ad`mit*ta"tur  (#),  n.  [L., let him be admitted.] The certificate of
   admission given in some American colleges.

      Admitted, a. Received as true or valid; acknowledged. -- Admittedly

   Ad*mit"ted  (#),  a.  Received  as  true  or  valid;  acknowledged. --
   Ad*mit"ted*ly adv. Confessedly.

                                   Admitter

   Ad*mit"ter (#), n. One who admits.

                                     Admix

   Ad*mix"  (#),  v.  t.  [Pref.  ad-  +  mix:  cf. L. admixtus, p. p. of
   admiscere. See Mix.] To mingle with something else; to mix. [R.]

                                   Admixtion

   Ad*mix"tion  (?;  106),  n.  [L.  admixtio.]  A  mingling of different
   things; admixture. Glanvill.

                                   Admixture

   Ad*mix"ture  (?;  135),  n.  [L.  admiscere,  admixtum, to admix; ad +
   miscere to mix. See Mix.]

   1. The act of mixing; mixture.

   2. The compound formed by mixing different substances together.

   3. That which is mixed with anything.

                                   Admonish

   Ad*mon"ish  (#),  v.  t. [imp. & p. p. Admonished (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Admonishing.]  [OE.  amonesten,  OF.  amonester,  F. admonester, fr. a
   supposed  LL.  admonesstrare,  fr.  L.  admonere to remind, warn; ad +
   monere to warn. See Monition.]

   1.  To  warn  or  notify  of a fault; to reprove gently or kindly, but
   seriously; to exhort. "Admonish him as a brother." 2 Thess. iii. 15.

   2.  To  counsel  against wrong practices; to cation or advise; to warn
   against  danger  or  an  offense;  --  followed  by  of, against, or a
   subordinate clause.

     Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns. Col. iii. 16.

     I  warned  thee,  I  admonished  thee, foretold The danger, and the
     lurking enemy. Milton.

   3. To instruct or direct; to inform; to notify.

     Moses  was  admonished  of  God,  when  he  was  about  to make the
     tabernacle. Heb. viii. 5.

                                  Admonisher

   Ad*mon"ish*er (#), n. One who admonishes.

                                 Admonishment

   Ad*mon"ish*ment   (#),   n.  [Cf.  OF.  amonestement,  admonestement.]
   Admonition. [R.] Shak.

                                  Admonition

   Ad`mo*ni"tion  (#),  n. [OE. amonicioun, OF. amonition, F. admonition,
   fr.  L.  admonitio,  fr.  admonere.  See Admonish.] Gentle or friendly
   reproof;   counseling   against   a  fault  or  error;  expression  of
   authoritative advice; friendly caution or warning. Syn. -- Admonition,
   Reprehension, Reproof. Admonition is prospective, and relates to moral
   delinquencies;   its  object  is  to  prevent  further  transgression.
   Reprehension  and  reproof  are retrospective, the former being milder
   than  the  latter.  A  person  of  any age or station may be liable to
   reprehension  in  case  of  wrong conduct; but reproof is the act of a
   superior.  It  is  authoritative fault-finding or censure addressed to
   children or to inferiors.

                                 Admonitioner

   Ad`mo*ni"tion*er (#), n. Admonisher. [Obs.]

                                  Admonitive

   Ad*mon"i*tive  (#),  a.  Admonitory. [R.] Barrow. -- Ad*mon"i*tive*ly,
   adv.

                                   Admonitor

   Ad*mon"i*tor (#), n. [L.] Admonisher; monitor.

     Conscience  is at most times a very faithful and prudent admonitor.
     Shenstone.

                                 Admonitorial

   Ad*mon`i*to"ri*al  (#),  a.  Admonitory.  [R.] "An admonitorial tone."
   Dickens.

                                  Admonitory

   Ad*mon"i*to*ry  (#),  a.  [LL. admonitorius.] That conveys admonition;
   warning  or reproving; as, an admonitory glance. -- Ad*mon"i*to*ri*ly,
   (#), adv.

                                  Admonitrix

   Ad*mon"i*trix (#), n. [L.] A female admonitor.

                                 Admortization

   Ad*mor`ti*za"tion  (#), n. [LL. admortizatio. Cf. Amortization.] (Law)
   The reducing or lands or tenements to mortmain. See Mortmain.

                                    Admove

   Ad*move"  (#), v. t. [L. admovere. See Move.] To move or conduct to or
   toward. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Adnascent

   Ad*nas"cent  (#),  a.  [L.  adnascens,  p.  pr. of adnasci to be born,
   grow.] Growing to or on something else. "An adnascent plant." Evelyn.

                                    Adnate

   Ad"nate  (#), a. [L. adnatus, p. p. of adnasci. See Adnascent, and cf.
   Agnate.]

   1. (Physiol.) Grown to congenitally.

   2. (Bot.) Growing together; -- said only of organic cohesion of unlike
   parts.

     An anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the filament.
     Gray.

   3.  (Zo\'94l.)  Growing  with  one  side adherent to a stem; -- a term
   applied to the lateral zooids of corals and other compound animals.

                                   Adnation

   Ad*na"tion (#), n. (Bot.) The adhesion or cohesion of different floral
   verticils or sets of organs.

                                   Adnominal

   Ad*nom"i*nal  (#),  a.  [L. ad + nomen noun.] (Gram.) Pertaining to an
   adnoun;  adjectival;  attached  to  a noun. Gibbs. -- Ad*nom"i*nal*ly,
   adv.

                                    Adnoun

   Ad"noun`  (#),  n.  [Pref.  ad-  +  noun.]  (Gram.)  An  adjective, or
   attribute. [R.] Coleridge.

                                  Adnubilated

   Ad*nu"bi*la`ted  (#),  a.  [L.  adnubilatus,  p.  p.  of  adnubilare.]
   Clouded; obscured. [R.]

                                      Ado

   A*do"  (#),  (1)  v. inf., (2) n. [OE. at do, northern form for to do.
   Cf. Affair.]

   1.  To  do;  in  doing;  as,  there is nothing. "What is here ado?" J.
   Newton.

   2. Doing; trouble; difficulty; troublesome business; fuss; bustle; as,
   to make a great ado about trifles.

     With much ado, he partly kept awake. Dryden.

     Let's follow to see the end of this ado. Shak.

                                     Adobe

   A*do"be  (#), n. [Sp.] An unburnt brick dried in the sun; also used as
   an adjective, as, an adobe house, in Texas or New Mexico.

                                  Adolescence

   Ad`o*les"cence  (#),  n.  [Fr.,  fr.  L.  adolescentia.]  The state of
   growing  up  from  childhood  to  manhood  or womanhood; youth, or the
   period  of  life between puberty and maturity, generally considered to
   be,  in the male sex, from fourteen to twenty-one. Sometimes used with
   reference to the lower animals.

                                  Adolescency

   Ad`o*les"cen*cy (#), n. The quality of being adolescent; youthfulness.
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   Page 24

                                  Adolescent

   Ad`o*les"cent  (#), a. [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere to grow up
   to;  ad  +  the  inchoative  olescere  to grow: cf. F. adolescent. See
   Adult.] Growing; advancing from childhood to maturity.

     Schools,   unless  discipline  were  doubly  strong,  Detain  their
     adolescent charge too long. Cowper.

                                  Adolescent

   Ad`o*les"cent, n. A youth.

                                    Adonean

   Ad`o*ne"an  (#),  a.  [L.  Adon.]  Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic. "Fair
   Adonean Venus." Faber.

                                    Adonic

   A*don"ic  (#),  a.  [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.] Relating to Adonis,
   famed  for  his  beauty.  -- n. An Adonic verse. Adonic verse, a verse
   consisting of a dactyl and spondee (#).

                                    Adonis

   A*do"nis (#), n. [L., gr. Gr.

   1.  (Gr. Myth.) A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed
   in the chase by a wild boar.

   2. A pre\'89minently beautiful young man; a dandy.

   3.  (Bot.) A genus of plants of the family Ranunculace\'91, containing
   the  pheasaut's  eye  (Adonis autumnalis); -- named from Adonis, whose
   blood was fabled to have stained the flower.

                                    Adonist

   A*do"nist  (#),  n.  [Heb. my Lords.] One who maintains that points of
   the  Hebrew  word  translated "Jehovah" are really the vowel points of
   the word "Adonai." See Jehovist.

                                    Adonize

   Ad"o*nize  (#),  v.  t. [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.] To beautify; to
   dandify.

     I  employed  three  good  hours at least in adjusting and adonozing
     myself. Smollett.

                                 Adoor, Adoors

   A*door  (#),  A*doors  (#),At  the  door; of the door; as, out adoors.
   Shak.

     I took him in adoors. Vicar's Virgil (1630).

                                     Adopt

   A*dopt"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adopting.]
   [L.  adoptare;  ad  +  optare  to  choose, desire: cf. F. adopter. See
   Option.]

   1.  To  take  by  choice  into  relationship, as, child, heir, friend,
   citizen, etc. ; esp. to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to
   be in the place of, or as, one's own child.

   2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally; to select
   and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or policy of another; these
   resolutions were adopted.

                                   Adoptable

   A*dopt"a*ble (#), a. Capable of being adopted.

                                    Adopted

   A*dopt"ed  (#),  a.  Taken  by adoption; taken up as one's own; as, an
   adopted son, citizen, country, word. -- A*dopt"ed*ly, adv.

                                    Adopter

   A*dopt"er (#), n.

   1. One who adopts.

   2.  (Chem.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of
   which  admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another
   receiver.  It  is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic
   vapors,  to  increase  the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite
   two  vessels  whose  openings  have different diameters. [Written also
   adapter.]

                                   Adoption

   A*dop"tion  (#),  n.  [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt: cf. F.
   adoption.]

   1.  The  act  of  adopting,  or  state  of  being  adopted;  voluntary
   acceptance  of  a  child  of other parents to be the same as one's own
   child.

   2.  Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the adoption
   of  persons  into  hospitals  or  monasteries,  or of one society into
   another.

   3.  The  choosing and making that to be one's own which originally was
   not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of opinions. Jer. Taylor.

                                  Adoptionist

   A*dop"tion*ist,  n.  (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect which maintained that
   Christ was the Son of God not by nature but by adoption.

                                   Adoptious

   A*dop"tious (#), a. Adopted. [Obs.]

                                   Adoptive

   A*dopt"ive  (#),  a.  [L.  adoptivus:  cf.  F. adoptif.] Pertaining to
   adoption;  made  or  acquired  by  adoption;  fitted  to adopt; as, an
   adoptive  father,  an  child;  an adoptive language. -- A*dopt"ive*ly,
   adv.

                                  Adorability

   A*dor`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. Adorableness.

                                   Adorable

   A*dor"a*ble (#), a. [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F. adorable.]

   1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine honors.

     The adorable Author of Christianity. Cheyne.

   2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect.

                                 Adorableness

   A*dor"a*ble*ness,  n.  The  quality  of  being  adorable, or worthy of
   adoration. Johnson.

                                   Adorably

   A*dor"a*bly, adv. In an adorable manner.

                                   Adoration

   Ad`o*ra"tion (#), n. [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F. adoration.]

   1.  The  act  of  playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to
   God; the act of addressing as a god.

     The  more  immediate  objects  of  popular  adoration  amongst  the
     heathens were deified human beings. Farmer.

   2.  Homage  paid  to  one in high esteem; profound veneration; intense
   regard and love; fervent devotion.

   3.  A  method  of electing a pope by the expression of homage from two
   thirds of the conclave.

     [Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration. Froude.

                                     Adore

   A*dore"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Adoring
   (#).]  [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr.
   L.  adorare;  ad  +  orare  to  speak,  pray,  os, oris, mouth. In OE.
   confused  with  honor, the French prefix a- being confused with OE. a,
   an, on. See Oral.]

   1.  To  worship  with  profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to
   honor as deity or as divine.

     Bishops  and  priests,  .  .  .  bearing  the host, which he [James
     adored. Smollett.

   2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost esteem and
   affection; to idolize.

     The  great  mass  of  the  population  abhorred  Popery  and adored
     Montouth. Macaulay.

                                     Adore

   A*dore", v. t. To adorn. [Obs.]

     Congealed little drops which do the morn adore. Spenser.

                                   Adorement

   A*dore"ment  (#),  n.  The  act  of  adoring; adoration. [Obs.] Sir T.
   Browne.

                                    Adorer

   A*dor"er (#), n. One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves
   greatly; an ardent admirer. "An adorer of truth." Clarendon.

     I profess myself her adorer, not her friend. Shak.

                                   Adoringly

   A*dor"ing*ly, adv. With adoration.

                                     Adorn

   A*dorn"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  Adorned  (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adorning.]  [OE.  aournen,  anournen,  adornen,  OF.  aorner,  fr.  L.
   aaornare;  ad  +  ornare to furnish, embellish. See Adore, Ornate.] To
   deck  or  dress with ornaments; to embellish; to set off to advantage;
   to render pleasing or attractive.

     As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. Isa. lxi. 10.

     At  church,  with  meek and unaffected grace, His looks adorned the
     venerable place. Goldsmith.

   Syn.  --  To  deck;  decorate;  embellish;  ornament; beautify; grace;
   dignify;  exalt; honor. -- To Adorn, Ornament, Decorate, Embellish. We
   decorate  and  ornament by putting on some adjunct which is attractive
   or beautiful, and which serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a
   lady's  head-dress  may  be  ornament  or  decorated  with  flowers or
   jewelry;  a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or gilding,
   with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. Ornament is used in a wider
   sense  than  decorate. To embellish is to beautify or ornament richly,
   not  so  much  by  mere additions or details as by modifying the thing
   itself as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial decoration.
   We  embellish a book with rich engravings; a style is embellished with
   rich  and beautiful imagery; a shopkeeper embellishes his front window
   to  attract  attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as
   when  we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases, it seems
   to  imply  something more. Thus, we speak of a gallery of paintings as
   adorned  with  the works of some of the great masters, or adorned with
   noble statuary and columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly
   be  appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius beyond mere
   show  and  ornament.  Adorn may be used of what is purely moral; as, a
   character  adorned  with every Christian grace. Here neither decorate,
   nor ornament, nor embellish is proper.

                                     Adorn

   A*dorn", n. Adornment. [Obs.] Spenser.

                                     Adorn

   A*dorn", a. Adorned; decorated. [Obs.] Milton.

                                  Adornation

   Ad`or*na"tion (#), n. Adornment. [Obs.]

                                    Adorner

   A*dorn"er (#), n. He who, or that which, adorns; a beautifier.

                                  Adorningly

   A*dorn"ing*ly, adv. By adorning; decoratively.

                                   Adornment

   A*dorn"ment  (#),  n. [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.] An adorning; an
   ornament; a decoration.

                                 Adosculation

   Ad*os"cu*la"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  adosculari, adosculatum, to kiss. See
   Osculate.]   (Biol.)   Impregnation   by   external  contact,  without
   intromission.

                                     Adown

   A*down"  (#),  adv.  [OE.  adun,  adoun, adune. AS. of d\'d4ne off the
   hill.  See  Down.] From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down,
   to or on the ground. [Archaic] "Thrice did she sink adown." Spenser.

                                     Adown

   A*down", prep. Down. [Archaic & Poetic]

     Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed. Prior.

                                    Adpress

   Ad*press"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adpressus,  p.  p.  of  adprimere.]  See
   Appressed. -- Ad*pressed", (#), a.

                                     Adrad

   A*drad"  (#),  p.  a.  [P. p. of adread.] Put in dread; afraid. [Obs.]
   Chaucer.

                                   Adragant

   Ad"ra*gant  (#),  n. [F., a corruption of tragacanth.] Gum tragacanth.
   Brande & C.

                                    Adread

   A*dread" (#), v. t. & i. [AS. andr\'91dan, ondr\'91; pref. a- (for and
   against)  +  dr\'91den  to  dread. See Dread.] To dread. [Obs.] Sir P.
   Sidney.

                                   Adreamed

   A*dreamed" (#), p. p. Visited by a dream; -- used in the phrase, To be
   adreamed, to dream. [Obs.]

                                    Adrenal

   Ad*re"nal (#), a. [Pref. ad- + renal.] (Anat.) Suprarenal.

                                    Adrian

   A"dri*an  (#),  a. [L. Hadrianus.] Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as,
   Adrian billows.

                                   Adriatic

   A`dri*at"ic  (#), a. [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria or Hadria,
   a  town  of  the  Veneti.]  Of  or  pertaining  to a sea so named, the
   northwestern part of which is known as the Gulf of Venice.

                                    Adrift

   A*drift"  (#),  adv.  &  a.  [Pref.  a- (for on) + drift.] Floating at
   random;  in a drifting condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also
   fig.

     So on the sea shall be set adrift. Dryden.

     Were from their daily labor turned adrift. Wordsworth.

                                     Adrip

   A*drip"  (#), adv. & a. [Pref. a- in + drip.] In a dripping state; as,
   leaves all adrip. D. G. Mitchell.

                                   Adrogate

   Ad"ro*gate  (#),  v.  t. [See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law) To adopt (a person
   who is his own master).

                                  Adrogation

   Ad`ro*ga"tion  (#),  n.  [L.  adrogatio,  arrogatio, fr. adrogare. See
   Arrogate.]  (Rom.  Law)  A  kind  of  adoption  in  ancient  Rome. See
   Arrogation.

                                    Adroit

   A*droit" (#), a. [F. adroit; \'85 (L. ad) = droit straight, right, fr.
   L.  directus,  p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.] Dexterous in the use of
   the hands or in the exercise of the mental faculties; exhibiting skill
   and  readiness  in  avoiding  danger  or escaping difficulty; ready in
   invention  or  execution;  --  applied  to persons and to acts; as, an
   adroit  mechanic,  an  adroit reply. "Adroit in the application of the
   telescope  and  quadrant."  Horsley.  "He  was  adroit  in  intrigue."
   Macaulay.  Syn.  --  Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft;
   ingenious; cunning; ready-witted.

                                   Adroitly

   A*droit"ly, adv. In an adroit manner.

                                  Adroitness

   A*droit"ness,  n.  The  quality  of being adroit; skill and readiness;
   dexterity.

     Adroitness was as requisite as courage. Motley.

   Syn. -- See Skill.

                                     Adry

   A*dry"  (#),  a.  [Pref.  a-  (for  on)  +  dry.]  In a dry or thirsty
   condition. "A man that is adry." Burton.

                                 Adscititious

   Ad`sci*ti"tious  (#), a. [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere, asciscere,
   to  take  knowingly;  ad + sciscere to seek to know, approve, scire to
   know.]    Supplemental;    additional;    adventitious;   ascititious.
   "Adscititious evidence." Bowring. -- Ad`sci*ti"tious*ly, adv.

                                   Adscript

   Ad"script  (#),  a. [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to enroll. See
   Ascribe.]  Held  to service as attached to the soil; -- said of feudal
   serfs.

                                   Adscript

   Ad"script  (#),  n.  One  held  to service as attached to the glebe or
   estate; a feudal serf. Bancroft.

                                  Adscriptive

   Ad*scrip"tive  (#),  a.[L.  adscriptivus.  See  Adscript.] Attached or
   annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable with it. Brougham.

                                Adsignification

   Ad*sig`ni*fi*ca"tion (#), n. Additional signification. [R.] Tooke.

                                   Adsignify

   Ad*sig"ni*fy  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adsignificare  to  show.]  To  denote
   additionally. [R.] Tooke.

                                   Adstrict

   Ad*strict"  (#),  v.  t.  --  Ad*stric"tion,  (#)  n. See Astrict, and
   Astriction.

                                  Adstrictory

   Ad*stric"to*ry (#), a. See Astrictory.

                                  Adstringent

   Ad*strin"gent (#), a. See Astringent.

                                   Adularia

   Ad`u*la"ri*a  (#),  n.  [From  Adula,  a mountain peak in Switzerland,
   where  fine  specimens are found.] (Min.) A transparent or translucent
   variety  of  common  feldspar, or orthoclase, which often shows pearly
   opalescent reflections; -- called by lapidaries moonstone.

                                    Adulate

   Ad"u*late  (#), v. t. [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.] To flatter in a
   servile way. Byron.

                                   Adulation

   Ad`u*la"tion  (#),  n.  [F.  adulation,  fr. L. adulatio, fr. adulari,
   adulatum,  to  flatter.] Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond
   what is merited.

     Think'st  thou  the  fiery fever will go out With titles blown from
     adulation? Shak.

   Syn.  --  Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness; blandishment.
   --  Adulation,  Flattery,  Compliment.  Men deal in compliments from a
   desire to please; they use flattery either from undue admiration, or a
   wish  to  gratify vanity; they practice adulation from sordid motives,
   and  with  a mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may
   be  a  sincere  expression  of  due  respect  and esteem, or it may be
   unmeaning;  flattery  is  apt  to  become  gross;  adulation is always
   servile, and usually fulsome.

                                   Adulator

   Ad"u*la`tor  (#), n. [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.] A servile or
   hypocritical flatterer. Carlyle.

                                   Adulatory

   Ad"u*la*to*ry   (#),   a.   [L.  adulatorius,  fr.  adulari:  cf.  OF.
   adulatoire.]  Containing  excessive  praise  or  compliment; servilely
   praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address.

     A mere rant of adulatory freedom. Burke.

                                  Adulatress

   Ad"u*la`tress (#), n. A woman who flatters with servility.

                                     Adult

   A*dult"  (#),  a.  [L.  adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to alere to
   nourish:  cf.  F.  adulte.  See  Adolescent,  Old.]  Having arrived at
   maturity,  or  to full size and strength; matured; as, an adult person
   or plant; an adult ape; an adult age.

                                     Adult

   A*dult",  n.  A  person,  animal,  or  plant  grown  to  full size and
   strength; one who has reached maturity.

     NOTE: &hand; In the common law, the term is applied to a person who
     has attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to males
     after the age of fourteen, and to females after twelve.

                                    Adulter

   A*dul"ter  (#), v. i. [L. adulterare.] To commit adultery; to pollute.
   [Obs.] B. Jonson.

                                  Adulterant

   A*dul"ter*ant  (#),  n.  [L.  adulterans,  p. pr. of adulterare.] That
   which  is  used  to  adulterate  anything.  --  a.  Adulterating;  as,
   adulterant agents and processes.

                                  Adulterate

   A*dul"ter*ate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated (#); p. pr. & vb. n
   Adulterating  (#).]  [L. adulteratus, p. p. of adulterare, fr. adulter
   adulterer,  prob.  fr.  ad  + alter other, properly one who approaches
   another on account of unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.]

   1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.] Milton.

   2.  To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a foreign or
   a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink, drugs, coin, etc.

     The  present  war  has  .  .  . adulterated our tongue with strange
     words. Spectator.

   Syn.   --   To   corrupt;   defile;   debase;   contaminate;  vitiate;
   sophisticate.

                                  Adulterate

   A*dul"ter*ate, v. i. To commit adultery. [Obs.]

                                  Adulterate

   A*dul"ter*ate (#), a.

   1. Tainted with adultery.

   2.  Debased  by  the  admixture  of  a foreign substance; adulterated;
   spurious. -- A*dul"ter*ate*ly, adv. -- A*dul"ter*ate*ness, n.

                                 Adulteration

   A*dul`ter*a"tion (#), n. [L. adulteratio.]

   1. The act of adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or
   drink) by foreign mixture.

     The shameless adulteration of the coin. Prescott.

   2. An adulterated state or product.

                                  Adulterator

   A*dul"ter*a`tor  (#),  n.  [L.]  One who adulterates or corrupts. [R.]
   Cudworth.

                                   Adulterer

   A*dul"ter*er  (#), n. [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the E. ending
   -er. See Advoutrer.]

   1.  A  man  who  commits  adultery;  a  married  man  who  has  sexual
   intercourse with a woman not his wife.

   2. (Script.) A man who violates his religious covenant. Jer. ix. 2.

                                  Adulteress

   A*dul"ter*ess (#), n. [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf. Advoutress.]

   1. A woman who commits adultery.

   2. (Script.) A woman who violates her religious engagements. James iv.
   4.

                                  Adulterine

   A*dul"ter*ine  (#),  a.[L.  adulterinus, fr. adulter.] Proceeding from
   adulterous  intercourse.  Hence: Spurious; without the support of law;
   illegal.

     When  any  particular class of artificers or traders thought proper
     to  act  as  a  corporation  without  a  charter,  such were called
     adulterine guilds. Adam Smith.

                                  Adulterine

   A*dul"ter*ine, n. An illegitimate child. [R.]

                                  Adulterize

   A*dul"ter*ize (#), v. i. To commit adultery. Milton.

                                  Adulterous

   A*dul"ter*ous (#), a.

   1.  Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery; illicit.
   Dryden.

   2.  Characterized  by adulteration; spurious. "An adulterous mixture."
   [Obs.] Smollett.

                                 Adulterously

   A*dul"ter*ous*ly, adv. In an adulterous manner.

                                   Adultery

   A*dul"ter*y (#), n.; pl. Adulteries(#). [L. adulterium. See Advoutry.]

   1.  The unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual
   intercourse  by a married man with another than his wife, or voluntary
   sexual intercourse by a married woman with another than her husband.
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   Page 25

     NOTE: &hand; It  is  adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer.
     The word has also been used to characterize the act of an unmarried
     participator,  the  other  being  married. In the United States the
     definition  varies  with  the  local statutes. Unlawful intercourse
     between  two  married  persons is sometimes called double adultery;
     between a married and an unmarried person, single adultery.

   2. Adulteration; corruption. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

   3.  (Script.) (a) Lewdness or unchastity of thought as well as act, as
   forbidden  by  the seventh commandment. (b) Faithlessness in religion.
   Jer. iii. 9.

   4. (Old Law) The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of adultery.

   5.  (Eccl.) The intrusion of a person into a bishopric during the life
   of the bishop.

   6. Injury; degradation; ruin. [Obs.]

     You  might  wrest  the  caduceus out of my hand to the adultery and
     spoil of nature. B. Jonson.

                                   Adultness

   A*dult"ness (#), n. The state of being adult.

                                   Adumbrant

   Ad*um"brant  (#),  a.  [L.  adumbrans,  p. pr. of adumbrare.] Giving a
   faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing forth.

                                   Adumbrate

   Ad*um"brate  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adumbratus,  p.  p. of adumbrare; ad +
   umbrare to shade; umbra shadow.]

   1.  To give a faint shadow or slight representation of; to outline; to
   shadow forth.

     Both  in  the vastness and the richness of the visible universe the
     invisible God is adumbrated. L. Taylor.

   2. To overshadow; to shade.

                                  Adumbration

   Ad`um*bra"tion (#), n. [L. adumbratio.]

   1. The act of adumbrating, or shadowing forth.

   2.   A   faint   sketch;   an   outline;  an  imperfect  portrayal  or
   representation of a thing.

     Elegant adumbrations of sacred truth. Bp. Horsley.

   3. (Her.) The shadow or outlines of a figure.

                                  Adumbrative

   Ad*um"bra*tive (#), a. Faintly representing; typical. Carlyle.

                                   Adunation

   Ad`u*na"tion  (#),  n. [L. adunatio; ad + unus one.] A uniting; union.
   Jer. Taylor.

                                Adunc, Adunque

   A*dunc",  A*dunque"  (#),  a.  (Zo\'94l.)  Hooked; as, a parrot has an
   adunc bill.

                                   Aduncity

   A*dun"ci*ty  (#),  n. [L. aduncitas. See Aduncous.] Curvature inwards;
   hookedness.

     The aduncity of the beaks of hawks. Pope.

                                   Aduncous

   A*dun"cous  (#),  a.  [L.  aduncus;  ad  + uncus hooked, hook.] Curved
   inwards; hooked.

                                     Adure

   A*dure"  (#),  v.  t.  [L.  adurere;  ad + urere to burn.] To burn up.
   [Obs.] Bacon.

                                     Adust

   A*dust" (#), a. [L. adustus, p. p. of adurere: cf. F. aduste.]

   1. Inflamed or scorched; fiery. "The Libyan air adust." Milton.

   2. Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt.

     A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion. Sir W. Scott.

   3. (Med.) Having much heat in the constitution and little serum in the
   blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious; sallow; gloomy.

                                    Adusted

   A*dust"ed, a. Burnt; adust. [Obs.] Howell.

                                   Adustible

   A*dust"i*ble (#), a. That may be burnt. [Obs.]

                                   Adustion

   A*dus"tion  (?;  106),  n.  [L.  adustio, fr. adurere, adustum: cf. F.
   adustion.]

   1.  The act of burning, or heating to dryness; the state of being thus
   heated or dried. [Obs.] Harvey.

   2. (Surg.) Cauterization. Buchanan.

                                  Ad valorem

   Ad  va*lo"rem (#). [L., according to the value.] (Com.) A term used to
   denote  a  duty  or charge laid upon goods, at a certain rate per cent
   upon  their  value,  as stated in their invoice, -- in opposition to a
   specific  sum  upon a given quantity or number; as, an ad valorem duty
   of twenty per cent.

                                    Advance

   Ad*vance"  (#),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. p. Advanced (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Advancing  (#)(#).] [OE. avancen, avauncen, F. avancer, fr. a supposed
   LL.  abantiare; ab + ante (F. avant) before. The spelling with d was a
   mistake, a- being supposed to be fr. L. ad. See Avaunt.]

   1.  To  bring forward; to move towards the van or front; to make to go
   on.

   2. To raise; to elevate. [Archaic]

     They . . . advanced their eyelids. Shak.

   3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote.

     Ahasueres  .  .  .  advanced  him,  and  set his seat above all the
     princes. Esther iii. 1.

   4.  To  accelerate  the growth or progress; to further; to forward; to
   help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the ripening of fruit; to
   advance one's interests.

   5.  To  bring  to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show; as, to
   advance an argument.

     Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own. Pope.

   6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten.

   7.  To  furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due, or in
   aid  of  an  enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a merchant advances
   money on a contract or on goods consigned to him.

   8.  To  raise  to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate; as, to
   advance the price of goods.

   9. To extol; to laud. [Obs.]

     Greatly advancing his gay chivalry. Spenser.

   Syn.  --  To  raise;  elevate;  exalt;  aggrandize; improve; heighten;
   accelerate; allege; adduce; assign.

                                    Advance

   Ad*vance", v. i.

   1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as, he advanced to greet me.

   2.  To  increase  or  make  progress in any respect; as, to advance in
   knowledge, in stature, in years, in price.

   3.  To  rise  in  rank,  office,  or  consequence;  to be preferred or
   promoted.

     Advanced to a level with ancient peers. Prescott.

                                    Advance

   Ad*vance", n. [Cf. F. avance, fr. avancer. See Advance, v.]

   1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward; progress.

   2.  Improvement  or  progression,  physically,  mentally,  morally, or
   socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge, or religion; an advance
   in rank or office.

   3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an advance on
   the prime cost of goods.

   4. The first step towards the attainment of a result; approach made to
   gain  favor, to form an acquaintance, to adjust a difference, etc.; an
   overture; a tender; an offer; -- usually in the plural.

     [He] made the like advances to the dissenters. Swift.

   5.  A  furnishing  of  something  before an equivalent is received (as
   money  or  goods),  towards  a  capital  or stock, or on loan; payment
   beforehand; the money or goods thus furnished; money or value supplied
   beforehand.

     I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances. Jay.

     The  account was made up with intent to show what advances had been
     made. Kent.

   In  advance (a) In front; before. (b) Beforehand; before an equivalent
   is received. (c) In the state of having advanced money on account; as,
   A is advance to B a thousand dollars or pounds.
   
                                    Advance
                                       
   Ad*vance"  (#), a. Before in place, or beforehand in time; -- used for
   advanced;  as, an advance guard, or that before the main guard or body
   of  an  army;  advance payment, or that made before it is due; advance
   proofs,  advance  sheets,  pages  of a forthcoming volume, received in
   advance of the time of publication. 

                                   Advanced

   Ad*vanced" (#), a.

   1. In the van or front.

   2.  In  the  front or before others, as regards progress or ideas; as,
   advanced opinions, advanced thinkers.

   3. Far on in life or time.

     A  gentleman  advanced  in years, with a hard experience written in
     his wrinkles. Hawthorne.

   Advanced guard, a detachment of troops which precedes the march of the
   main body.

                                  Advancement

   Ad*vance"ment  (#), n. [OE. avancement, F. avancement. See Advance, v.
   t.]

   1.  The act of advancing, or the state of being advanced; progression;
   improvement;  furtherance; promotion to a higher place or dignity; as,
   the advancement of learning.

     In  heaven . . . every one (so well they love each other) rejoiceth
     and hath his part in each other's advancement. Sir T. More.

     True  religion  . . . proposes for its end the joint advancement of
     the virtue and happiness of the people. Horsley.

   2. An advance of money or value; payment in advance. See Advance, 5.

   3. (Law) Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in advance of
   a future distribution.

   4. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. [Obs.] Bacon.

                                   Advancer

   Ad*van"cer (#), n.

   1. One who advances; a promoter.

   2. A second branch of a buck's antler. Howell.

                                   Advancive

   Ad*van"cive (#), a. Tending to advance. [R.]

                                   Advantage

   Ad*van"tage (?; 61, 48), n. [OE. avantage, avauntage, F. avantage, fr.
   avant before. See Advance, and cf. Vantage.]

   1.  Any  condition,  circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly
   favorable  to  success,  or to any desired end; benefit; as, the enemy
   had the advantage of a more elevated position.

     Give me advantage of some brief discourse. Shak.

     The advantages of a close alliance. Macaulay.

   2. Superiority; mastery; -- with of or over.

     Lest Satan should get an advantage of us. 2 Cor. ii. 11.

   3.  Superiority  of  state,  or  that  which  gives it; benefit; gain;
   profit; as, the advantage of a good constitution.

   4.  Interest  of  money;  increase; overplus (as the thirteenth in the
   baker's dozen). [Obs.]

     And with advantage means to pay thy love. Shak.

   Advantage  ground,  vantage  ground.  [R.]  Clarendon.  -- To have the
   advantage  of  (any one), to have a personal knowledge of one who does
   not  have  a  reciprocal  knowledge.  "You have the advantage of me; I
   don't  remember  ever  to  have  had  the honor." Sheridan. -- To take
   advantage  of, to profit by; (often used in a bad sense) to overreach,
   to  outwit.  Syn.  -- Advantage, Advantageous, Benefit, Beneficial. We
   speak  of  a  thing  as a benefit, or as beneficial, when it is simply
   productive  of  good;  as,  the  benefits  of  early  discipline;  the
   beneficial  effects of adversity. We speak of a thing as an advantage,
   or  as  advantageous, when it affords us the means of getting forward,
   and  places  us on a "vantage ground" for further effort. Hence, there
   is  a  difference  between  the  benefits  and the advantages of early
   education;  between  a  beneficial  and  an advantageous investment of
   money.

                                   Advantage

   Ad*van"tage,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Advantaged (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Advantaging  (#).]  [F. avantager, fr. avantage. See Advance.] To give
   an advantage to; to further; to promote; to benefit; to profit.

     The  truth  is,  the  archbishop's  own stiffness and averseness to
     comply  with  the court designs, advantaged his adversaries against
     him. Fuller.

     What  is  a  man  advantaged,  if he gain the whole world, and lose
     himself, or be cast away? Luke ix. 25.

   To advantage one's self of, to avail one's self of. [Obs.]

                                 Advantageable

   Ad*van"tage*a*ble (#), a. Advantageous. [Obs.]

                                 Advantageous

   Ad`van*ta"geous  (#),  a.  [F.  avantageux,  fr.  avantage.]  Being of
   advantage;   conferring   advantage;   gainful;   profitable;  useful;
   beneficial;  as,  an advantageous position; trade is advantageous to a
   nation.

     Advabtageous comparison with any other country. Prescott.

     You  see  . . . of what use a good reputation is, and how swift and
     advantageous a harbinger it is, wherever one goes. Chesterfield.

                                Advantageously

   Ad`van*ta"geous*ly, adv. Profitably; with advantage.

                               Advantageousness

   Ad`van*ta"geous*ness, n. Profitableness.

                                    Advene

   Ad*vene"  (#), v. i. [L. advenire; ad + venire to come: cf. F. avenir,
   advenir.  See Come.] To accede, or come (to); to be added to something
   or become a part of it, though not essential. [R.]

     Where no act of the will advenes as a coefficient. Coleridge.

                                   Advenient

   Ad*ven"ient  (#),  a. [L. adviens, p. pr.] Coming from outward causes;
   superadded. [Obs.]

                                    Advent

   Ad`vent  (#),  n.  [L. adventus, fr. advenire, adventum: cf. F. avent.
   See Advene.]

   1. (Eccl.) The period including the four Sundays before Christmas.
   Advent Sunday (Eccl.), the first Sunday in the season of Advent, being
   always  the  nearest  Sunday  to  the  feast  of St. Andrew (Now. 30).
   Shipley.

   2. The first or the expected second coming of Christ.

   3. Coming; any important arrival; approach.

     Death's dreadful advent. Young.

     Expecting still his advent home. Tennyson.

                                   Adventist

   Ad"vent*ist  (#),  n.  One  of  a  religious  body,  embracing several
   branches,  who  look  for  the proximate personal coming of Christ; --
   called also Second Adventists. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

                                 Adventitious

   Ad`ven*ti"tious (#), a. [L. adventitius.]

   1.  Added  extrinsically;  not  essentially  inherent;  accidental  or
   causal; additional; supervenient; foreign.

     To  things of great dimensions, if we annex an adventitious idea of
     terror, they become without comparison greater. Burke.

   2.  (Nat.  Hist.)  Out  of the proper or usual place; as, adventitious
   buds or roots.

   3.  (Bot.)  Accidentally  or  sparingly  spontaneous  in  a country or
   district;  not  fully  naturalized;  adventive;  -- applied to foreign
   plants.

   4.  (Med.)  Acquired,  as diseases; accidental. -- Ad`ven*ti"tious*ly,
   adv. -- Ad`ven*ti"tious*ness, n.

                                   Adventive

   Ad*ven"tive (#), a.

   1. Accidental.

   2. (Bot.) Adventitious. Gray.

                                   Adventive

   Ad*ven"tive,  n.  A thing or person coming from without; an immigrant.
   [R.] Bacon.

                                   Adventual

   Ad*ven"tu*al (?; 135), a. Relating to the season of advent. Sanderson.

                                   Adventure

   Ad*ven"ture  (?;  135),  n. [OE. aventure, aunter, anter, F. aventure,
   fr.  LL. adventura, fr. L. advenire, adventum, to arrive, which in the
   Romance languages took the sense of "to happen, befall." See Advene.]

   1.  That  which  happens  without  design; chance; hazard; hap; hence,
   chance of danger or loss.

     Nay,  a  far less good to man it will be found, if she must, at all
     adventures, be fastened upon him individually. Milton.

   2. Risk; danger; peril. [Obs.]

     He was in great adventure of his life. Berners.

   3.  The  encountering  of  risks; hazardous and striking enterprise; a
   bold  undertaking,  in  which  hazards  are to be encountered, and the
   issue is staked upon unforeseen events; a daring feat.

     He loved excitement and adventure. Macaulay.

   4. A remarkable occurrence; a striking event; a stirring incident; as,
   the adventures of one's life. Bacon.

   5.  A  mercantile  or  speculative  enterprise of hazard; a venture; a
   shipment by a merchant on his own account.
   A  bill  of  adventure  (Com.), a writing setting forth that the goods
   shipped  are  at  the  owner's  risk. Syn. -- Undertaking; enterprise;
   venture; event.

                                   Adventure

   Ad*ven"ture,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. Adventured (#); p. pr. & vb. n.
   Adventuring (#).] [OE. aventuren, auntren, F. aventurer, fr. aventure.
   See Adventure, n.]

   1. To risk, or hazard; jeopard; to venture.

     He would not adventure himself into the theater. Acts xix. 31.

   2. To venture upon; to run the risk of; to dare.

     Yet they adventured to go back. Bunyan,

     Discriminations might be adventured. J. Taylor.

                                   Adventure

   Ad*ven"ture, v. i. To try the chance; to take the risk.

     I would adventure for such merchandise. Shak.

                                 Adventureful

   Ad*ven"ture*ful (#), a. Given to adventure.

                                  Adventurer

   Ad*ven"tur*er (#), n. [Cf. F. aventurier.]

   1. One who adventures; as, the merchant adventurers; one who seeks his
   fortune in new and hazardous or perilous enterprises.

   2. A social pretender on the lookout for advancement.

                                 Adventuresome

   Ad*ven"ture*some  (#),  a.  Full of risk; adventurous; venturesome. --
   Ad*ven"ture*some*ness, n.

                                  Adventuress

   Ad*ven"tur*ess  (#), n. A female adventurer; a woman who tries to gain
   position by equivocal means.

                                  Adventurous

   Ad*ven"tur*ous  (#),  a. [OE. aventurous, aunterous, OF. aventuros, F.
   aventureux, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.]

   1.  Inclined to adventure; willing to incur hazard; prone to embark in
   hazardous enterprise; rashly daring; -- applied to persons.

     Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve. Milton.

   2.  Full  of hazard; attended with risk; exposing to danger; requiring
   courage;  rash;  --  applied  to acts; as, an adventurous undertaking,
   deed,  song.  Syn.  --  Rash;  foolhardy;  presumptuous; enterprising;
   daring; hazardous; venturesome. See Rash.

                                 Adventurously

   Ad*ven"tur*ous*ly,  adv.  In  an  adventurous  manner;  venturesomely;
   boldly; daringly.

                                Adventurousness

   Ad*ven"tur*ous*ness,  n.  The  quality  or state of being adventurous;
   daring; venturesomeness.

                                    Adverb

   Ad"verb  (#),  n.  [L.  adverbium;  ad  +  verbum  word,  verb: cf. F.
   adverbe.]  (Gram.)  A  word  used  to  modify  the  sense  of  a verb,
   participle,  adjective,  or  other adverb, and usually placed near it;
   as, he writes well; paper extremely white.

                                   Adverbial

   Ad*ver"bi*al  (#),  a.  [L.  adverbialis:  cf.  F.  adverbial.]  Of or
   pertaining  to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as, an adverbial
   phrase or form.

                                 Adverbiality

   Ad*ver`bi*al"i*ty (#), n. The quality of being adverbial. Earle.

                                 Adverbialize

   Ad*ver"bi*al*ize (#), v. t. To give the force or form of an adverb to.

                                  Adverbially

   Ad*ver"bi*al*ly, adv. In the manner of an adverb.

                                  Adversaria

   Ad`ver*sa"ri*a  (#), n. pl. [L. adversaria (sc. scripta), neut. pl. of
   adversarius.]   A  miscellaneous  collection  of  notes,  remarks,  or
   selections; a commonplace book; also, commentaries or notes.

     These  parchments  are supposed to have been St. Paul's adversaria.
     Bp. Bull.

                                 Adversarious

   Ad`ver*sa"ri*ous (#), a. Hostile. [R.] Southey.

                                   Adversary

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries
   (#).  [OE.  adversarie,  direct fr. the Latin, and adversaire, fr. OF.
   adversier,  aversier,  fr.  L. adversarius (a.) turned toward, (n.) an
   adversary.  See  Adverse.] One who is turned against another or others
   with a design to oppose
     _________________________________________________________________

   Page 26

   or resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent;
   an antagonist; an enemy; a foe.

     His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries. Shak.

     Agree with thine adversary quickly. Matt. v. 25.

     It  may  be thought that to vindicate the permanency of truth is to
     dispute without an adversary. Beattie.

   The  Adversary,  The  Satan,  or  the Devil. Syn. -- Adversary, Enemy,
   Opponent,  Antagonist.  Enemy  is  the  only  one of these words which
   necessarily  implies  a  state  of  personal  hostility.  Men  may  be
   adversaries,  antagonists,  or  opponents  to  each  other  in certain
   respects,  and yet have no feelings of general animosity. An adversary
   may  be  simply one who is placed for a time in a hostile position, as
   in  a lawsuit, an argument, in chess playing, or at fence. An opponent
   is  one  who  is  ranged  against  another  (perhaps passively) on the
   opposing  side;  as  a  political  opponent, an opponent in debate. An
   antagonist  is  one  who struggles against another with active effort,
   either in a literal fight or in verbal debate.

                                   Adversary

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"ver*sa*ry (#), a.

   1. Opposed; opposite; adverse; antagonistic. [Archaic] Bp. King.

   2.  (Law)  Having  an  opposing party; not unopposed; as, an adversary
   suit.

                                  Adversative

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*ver"sa*tive (#), a. [L. adversativus,
   fr. adversari.] Expressing contrariety, opposition, or antithesis; as,
   an  adversative conjunction (but, however, yet, etc. ); an adversative
   force. -- Ad*ver"sa*tive*ly, adv.

                                  Adversative

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad*ver"sa*tive, n. An adversative word.
   Harris.

                                    Adverse

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"verse (#), a. [OE. advers, OF. avers,
   advers, fr. L. adversus, p. p. advertere to turn to. See Advert.]

   1.  Acting  against,  or  in  a contrary direction; opposed; contrary;
   opposite;  conflicting;  as, adverse winds; an adverse party; a spirit
   adverse to distinctions of caste.

   2. Opposite. "Calpe's adverse height." Byron.

   3.  In  hostile  opposition to; unfavorable; unpropitious; contrary to
   one's   wishes;  unfortunate;  calamitous;  afflictive;  hurtful;  as,
   adverse fates, adverse circumstances, things adverse.

     Happy  were  it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and wisely
     as we endure an adverse fortune. Southey.

   Adverse  possession  (Law),  a  possession  of  real property avowedly
   contrary  to  some  claim  of title in another person. Abbott. Syn. --
   Averse; reluctant; unwilling. See Averse.

                                    Adverse

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad*verse" (#), v. t. [L. adversari: cf.
   OF. averser.] To oppose; to resist. [Obs.] Gower.

                                   Adversely

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad"verse*ly (277), adv. In an adverse
   manner; inimically; unfortunately; contrariwise.

                                  Adverseness

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> Ad"verse*ness, n. The quality or state
   of being adverse; opposition.

                        Adversifoliate, Adversifolious

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;    an    enemy;    a    foe.>   Ad*ver`si*fo"li*ate   (#),
   Ad*ver`si*fo"li*ous  (#)  a.  [L.  adver + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having
   opposite  leaves,  as  plants which have the leaves so arranged on the
   stem.

                                   Adversion

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*ver"sion  (#), n.[L. adversio] A
   turning towards; attention. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

                                   Adversity

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;   an   enemy;   a   foe.>   Ad*ver"si*ty   (#),   n.;  pl.
   Adversities(#). [OE. adversite, F. adversit\'82, fr. L. adversitas.]

   1. Opposition; contrariety. [Obs.] Wyclif.

     Adversity is not without comforts and hopes. Bacon.

   Syn.  --  Affliction;  distress; misery; disaster; trouble; suffering;
   trial.

                                    Advert

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vert"  (#),  v. i. [imp. & p. p.
   Adverted;  p.  pr.  & vb. n. Adverting.] [L. advertere, v. t., to turn
   to;  ad + vertere to turn: cf. F. avertir. See Advertise.] To turn the
   mind  or  attention; to refer; to take heed or notice; -- with to; as,
   he adverted to what was said.

     I may again advert to the distinction. Owen.

   Syn.- To refer; allude; regard. See Refer.

                            Advertence, Advertency

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vert"ence (#), Ad*vert"en*cy (#),[OF.
   advertence,   avertence,   LL.  advertentia,  fr.  L.  advertens.  See
   Advertent.]  The  act of adverting, of the quality of being advertent;
   attention; notice; regard; heedfulness.

     To  this  difference  it  is right that advertence should be had in
     regulating taxation. J. S. Mill.

                                   Advertent

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vert"ent  (#), a. [L. advertens,
   -entis,   p.  pr.  of  advertere.  See  Advert.]  Attentive;  heedful;
   regardful. Sir M. Hale. -- Ad*vert"ent*ly, adv.

                                   Advertise

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad`ver*tise" (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p.
   p.  Advertised  (#);  p.  pr.  & vb. n. Advertising (#).] [F. avertir,
   formerly also spelt advertir, to warn, give notice to, L. advertere to
   turn to. The ending was probably influenced by the noun advertisement.
   See  Advert.]  To  give notice to; to inform or apprise; to notify; to
   make known; hence, to warn; -- often followed by of before the subject
   of information; as, to advertise a man of his loss. [Archaic]

     I will advertise thee what this people shall do. Num. xxiv. 14.

   4.  To  give public notice of; to announce publicly, esp. by a printed
   notice;  as,  to advertise goods for sale, a lost article, the sailing
   day of a vessel, a political meeting. Syn. -- To apprise; inform; make
   known; notify; announce; proclaim; promulgate; publish.

                                 Advertisement

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;   an   enemy;   a  foe.>  Ad*ver"tise*ment  (?;  277),  n.
   [F.avertisement,  formerly  also  spelled  advertissement,  a warning,
   giving notice, fr. avertir.]

   1. The act of informing or notifying; notification. [Archaic]

     An advertisement of danger. Bp. Burnet.

   2. Admonition; advice; warning. [Obs.]

     Therefore   give   me   no  counsel:  My  griefs  cry  louder  than
     advertisement. Shak.

   3.  A  public  notice,  especially a paid notice in some public print;
   anything   that   advertises;   as,   a   newspaper   containing  many
   advertisement.

                                  Advertiser

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> Ad`ver*tis"er (#), n. One who, or that
   which, advertises.

                                    Advice

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy; a foe.> Ad*vice" (#), n. [OE. avis, F. avis; +
   OF.  vis, fr. L. visum seemed, seen; really p. p. of videre to see, so
   that  vis meant that which has seemed best. See Vision, and cf. Avise,
   Advise.]

   1.  An  opinion  recommended  or  offered,  as  worthy to be followed;
   counsel.

     We may give advice, but we can not give conduct. Franklin.

   2. Deliberate consideration; knowledge. [Obs.]

     How  shall I dote on her with more advice, That thus without advice
     begin to love her? Shak.

   3.  Information  or  notice given; intelligence; as, late advices from
   France; -- commonly in the plural.

     NOTE: &hand; In   co  mmercial la  nguage, ad  vice us ually me ans
     information communicated by letter; -- used chiefly in reference to
     drafts or bills of exchange; as, a letter of advice.

   McElrath.

   4. (Crim. Law) Counseling to perform a specific illegal act. Wharton.
   Advice  boat, a vessel employed to carry dispatches or to reconnoiter;
   a  dispatch  boat.  --  To  take  advice. (a) To accept advice. (b) To
   consult   with   another  or  others.  Syn.  --  Counsel;  suggestion;
   recommendation; admonition; exhortation; information; notice.

                                 Advisability

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis`a*bil"i*ty (#), n. The quality of
   being advisable; advisableness.

                                   Advisable

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"a*ble (#), a.

   1. Proper to be advised or to be done; expedient; prudent.

     Some  judge  it advisable for a man to account with his heart every
     day. South.

   2.  Ready  to  receive  advice. [R.] South. Syn. -- Expedient; proper;
   desirable; befitting.

                                Advisable-ness

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> Ad*vis"a*ble-ness, n. The quality of
   being advisable or expedient; expediency; advisability.

                                   Advisably

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"a*bly, adv. With advice; wisely.

                                    Advise

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vise"  (#),  v. t. [imp. & p. p.
   Advised  (#);  p. pr. & vb. n. Advising (#).] [OE. avisen to perceive,
   consider,  inform, F. aviser, fr. LL. advisare. advisare; ad + visare,
   fr. L. videre, visum, to see. See Advice, and cf. Avise.]

   1.  To  give advice to; to offer an opinion, as worthy or expedient to
   be  followed;  to  counsel;  to  warn.  "I shall no more advise thee."
   Milton.

   2.  To give information or notice to; to inform; -- with of before the
   thing communicated; as, we were advised of the risk.
   To  advise  one's  self,  to  bethink one's self; to take counsel with
   one's self; to reflect; to consider. [Obs.]

     Bid thy master well advise himself. Shak.

   Syn. -- To counsel; admonish; apprise; acquaint.

                                    Advise

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vise", v. t.

   1. To consider; to deliberate. [Obs.]

     Advise if this be worth attempting. Milton.

   2.  To  take  counsel;  to consult; -- followed by with; as, to advise
   with friends.

                                   Advisedly

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"ed*ly (#), adv.

   1. Circumspectly; deliberately; leisurely. [Obs.] Shak.

   2.   With   deliberate   purpose;  purposely;  by  design.  "Advisedly
   undertaken." Suckling.

                                  Advisedness

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;   an   enemy;   a   foe.>   Ad*vis"ed*ness  n.  Deliberate
   consideration; prudent procedure; caution.

                                  Advisement

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vise"ment (#), n. [OE. avisement, F.
   avisement, fr. aviser. See Advise, and cf. Avisement.]

   1. Counsel; advise; information. [Archaic]

     And  mused  awhile,  waking  advisement takes of what had passed in
     sleep. Daniel.

   2. Consideration; deliberation; consultation.

     Tempering the passion with advisement slow. Spenser.

                                    Adviser

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad*vis"er (#), n. One who advises.

                                  Advisership

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vis"er*ship, n. The office of an
   adviser. [R.]

                                    Adviso

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> Ad*vi"so (#), n. [Cf. Sp. aviso. See
   Advice.] Advice; counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or advice boat.
   [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

                                   Advisory

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad*vi"so*ry (#), a. Having power to
   advise;  containing  advice; as, an advisory council; their opinion is
   merely advisory.

     The General Association has a general advisory superintendence over
     all the ministers and churches. Trumbull.

                                   Advocacy

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*ca*cy (#), n. [OF. advocatie, LL.
   advocatia.  See Advocate.] The act of pleading for or supporting; work
   of advocating; intercession.

                                   Advocate

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*cate (#), n. [OE. avocat, avocet,
   OF.  avocat,  fr.  L.  advocatus,  one  summoned or called to another;
   properly  the  p.  p.  of advocare to call to, call to one's aid; ad +
   vocare to call. See Advowee, Avowee, Vocal.]

   1.  One  who pleads the cause of another. Specifically: One who pleads
   the cause of another before a tribunal or judicial court; a counselor.

     NOTE: &hand; In  the English and American Law, advocate is the same
     as  "counsel,"  "counselor,"  or  "barrister."  In  the  civil  and
     ecclesiastical  courts, the term signifies the same as "counsel" at
     the common law.

   2.  One  who defends, vindicates, or espouses any cause by argument; a
   pleader; as, an advocate of free trade, an advocate of truth.

   3. Christ, considered as an intercessor.

     We have an Advocate with the Father. 1 John ii. 1.

   Faculty  of  advocates (Scot.), the Scottish bar in Edinburgh. -- Lord
   advocate (Scot.), the public prosecutor of crimes, and principal crown
   lawyer. -- Judge advocate. See under Judge.

                                   Advocate

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.>  Ad"vo*cate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p.
   Advocated  (#);  p.  pr.  & vb. n. Advocating (#).] [See Advocate, n.,
   Advoke,  Avow.]  To plead in favor of; to defend by argument, before a
   tribunal or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly.

     To advocate the cause of thy client. Bp. Sanderson (1624).

     This  is  the  only  thing  distinct  and  sensible,  that has been
     advocated. Burke.

     Eminent orators were engaged to advocate his cause. Mitford.

                                   Advocate

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad"vo*cate, v. i. To act as advocate.
   [Obs.] Fuller.

                                 Advocateship

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*cate*ship, n. Office or duty of an
   advocate.

                                  Advocation

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist; an enemy; a foe.> Ad`vo*ca"tion (#), n. [L. advocatio: cf.
   OF. avocation. See Advowson.]

   1. The act of advocating or pleading; plea; advocacy. [Archaic]

     The  holy  Jesus . . . sits in heaven in a perpetual advocation for
     us. Jer. Taylor.

   2. Advowson. [Obs.]

     The donations or advocations of church livings. Sanderson.

   3.  (Scots Law) The process of removing a cause from an inferior court
   to the supreme court. Bell.

                                  Advocatory

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an enemy; a foe.> Ad"vo*ca*to*ry (#), a. Of or pertaining
   to an advocate. [R.]

                                    Advoke

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a foe.> Ad*voke" (#), v. t. [L. advocare. See
   Advocate.] To summon; to call. [Obs.]

     Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the pope to advoke the
     cause to Rome. Fuller.

                                  Advolution

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See Adverse.] One
   who  is  turned against another or others with a design to oppose26 or
   resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an opponent; an
   antagonist;  an  enemy;  a  foe.> Ad`vo*lu"tion (#), n. [L. advolvere,
   advolutum, to roll to.] A rolling toward something. [R.]

                                   Advoutrer

   Ad`ver*sa*ry (#), n.; pl. Adversaries (#). [OE. adversarie, direct fr.
   the  Latin,  and  adversaire,  fr.  OF.  adversier,  aversier,  fr. L.
   adversarius  (a.)  turned toward, (n.) an adversary. See